Human shields in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

3708: 1053:, p. 207, "Soldiers have ordered Palestinians to enter buildings to check if they are booby-trapped. They have instructed residents to remove suspicious objects from roads used by the military. They have made civilians stand inside houses where soldiers have set up military positions, so that Palestinians will not fire at the soldiers. And they have forced Palestinians to walk in front of soldiers to shield them from gunfire, while the soldiers hold guns behind their backs and sometimes fire over their shoulders. Although this practice was outlawed by the High Court of Justice in 2005, there have been documented incidents in which soldiers have continued using Palestinians as human shields." 739:, has stated that Israeli military and government claims of Hamas using Palestinian civilians as human shields "should be understood as a pre-emptive legal defence against accusations that Israel is committing war crimes and crimes against humanity in Gaza." He also accuses state actors such as Israel of using human shielding allegations to hypocritically justify their own war crimes against civilians, adding: "This justification, however, functions only in one direction. When state actors kill civilians, it’s become standard to describe them as human shields. But when non-state actors attack military targets in urban settings, the civilians they kill are still recognised as civilians." 1804:"The officer, Eitan, said to me: 'Come with us'...the officer looked left and right and then grabbed me by the collar and put me in front of him as we exited and went towards the neighbour's house. There was no firing at the time, but Eitan crouched down just below me and began firing to the left while the other soldiers moved towards the neighbour's house...He said that during this period he or another detainee would be placed in front of soldiers during house-to-house searches. On three separate occasions he stated that a soldier placed his gun near or on his body and in one case, he was made to stand in front of a soldier when he opened fire. 2531:

person we were looking for. So we sent the neighbors in, and afterward a child. He had to take a tour inside the house, open all the doors and windows, lit all the lights.' The commander of the unit said the procedure was illegal. 'He declared he would rather that a neighbor be killed ... if that made it possible to avoid one of his men from being shot while entering the house', said the soldier. The population has no choice but to cooperate. 'When you knock on the door at night, with your gun shining under their face, your flashlight on their eyes, and you see he is not armed ..., he won't tell you he doesn't want to cooperate.'

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which endangered civilians and violated the requirement to protect civilians from military action, but this does not qualify as shielding under international law. In 2014, Amnesty reported they had no evidence that Hamas or other Palestinian armed groups intentionally used civilians as shields to protect specific locations or military assets from Israeli attacks. They suggested that Hamas's urging of residents to ignore Israeli evacuation warnings might have been intended to minimize panic and displacement, rather than to use civilians as human shields.

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grabbed the Palestinian man by the collar and forced him to walk in front of the IDF soldiers. The IDF officer crouched behind the Palestinian man and started firing. Over the course of several hours, IDF soldiers had him repeatedly stand in front of them as they fired at suspected Palestinian militants. During this time the Palestinian man asked to be released but the IDF refused. Finally during one incident the Palestinian man received a bullet on his leg and was finally released by the IDF.

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the instructions and we had to do it". Gazan civilians also testified of being used at gunpoint as human shields by Israeli soldiers. An Israeli military official responded to these allegations: "The IDF operated in accordance with the rules of war and did the utmost to minimize harm to civilians uninvolved in combat. The IDF's use of weapons conforms to international law." An Israeli embassy spokesperson alleged Hamas pressured the people of Gaza into making those accusations.

447:, a former Israeli soldier recounted that the commander of his unit employed the policy, that of forcing Palestinian civilians to enter the homes of suspected militants ahead of Israeli soldiers, despite acknowledging its ban, as the commander would rather that a Palestinian civilian be killed carrying out the duty than one of his men. He told young Palestinian boys were also used by this particular unit to carry out military duties for the Israeli army. 119:, and forcing Palestinians to remove suspicious objects (possible explosives). IDF soldiers also force Palestinian civilians to walk through suspected booby-trapped buildings. Israel also formerly employed the "neighbor procedure" in which Palestinian civilians were forced to attempt to persuade wanted individuals to surrender themselves to the IDF. The latter practice was defended by the Israeli defense ministry, but prohibited in 2005 by the 6173: 635: 453:-Palestine reported 17-year-old, Ahmad Abu Raida (also: "Reeda"), was kidnapped by Israeli soldiers, who, after beating him up and threatening him, including with sexual abuse, used him as a human shield for five days, forcing him to walk in front of them with police dogs at gunpoint, search houses and dig in places soldiers suspected there might be tunnels. 151:

civilian structures. This has been cited as a justification for Israel's attacks on civilian infrastructure. Human rights organizations have however found the accusations against Hamas in past conflicts to have been unfounded, with Amnesty International saying it had found no evidence of human shielding by Hamas in the 2008-2009 war and the 2014 war.

38: 746:, stated, "Even if Hamas uses civilians as human shields, those civilians are entitled to full protection under international law unless they directly participate in the fighting". Scholars in international law have cautioned that accusing Hamas of using human shields requires proving intent to shield a military target with civilians. 230:(2000–2005). This procedure resulted in at least one instance of a Palestinian civilian being killed: a 19-year-old called Nidal Abu-Mohsen. In April 2004, a 13-year-old Palestinian boy was photographed after being tied to an Israeli armored vehicle for the stated purpose of discouraging stone-throwing by Palestinian protesters. 599:(HRW) accused Muhammad Wail Baroud, a military commander in the Popular Resistance Committee, of using civilians for shielding homes against military attacks but later stated that they erred. There was no evidence that the house was being used for military purposes at the time of the planned attack, nor did the 808:, who died in 2003 and 2004 respectively have been described as "human shields" campaigning against house demolition. ISM, however, strongly takes offence at the use of the term "human shield" to describe their work, preferring it be used only to refer to when armed combatants uses civilians as shields. 776:

said "Hamas and other militants use civilians as human shields". In 2023, HRW said that "Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups need to take all feasible precautions to protect civilians under their control from the effects of attacks and not use civilians as 'human shields.'" In 2024, HRW reported

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conducted an investigation during and following the military operation. The investigation found that, during the 2014 Gaza War, Israeli soldiers used Palestinian civilians as shield in Khuza'a. A family told the group that Israeli soldiers had killed the family's patriarch after he took a step toward

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although is not considered as human shielding according to human rights organizations. These actions have been criticized by various international bodies, including Amnesty International, which has documented instances where Palestinian militias stored munitions in and launched rockets from or nearby

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Amnesty International has also rejected the definition of volunteer activist's actions or activist's actions for non-military property as "human shields", and regards only the direction of "specific civilians to remain in their homes as "human shields" for fighters, munitions, or military equipment"

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stated that his assertions could not be independently corroborated; the Israeli military confirmed that he had been detained, noting his father's affiliation with Hamas, who was a senior official in the Gaza Tourism Ministry. No material evidence of the physical violence allegedly suffered by Raida,

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An IDF soldier's testimony for Breaking the Silence told that his commander ordered that for every house raided by the IDF, they send a "neighbor" to go in before the soldier, sometimes while the soldier placed his gun on the neighbor's shoulder; according to the soldier, "commanders said these were

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appealing the decision. While acknowledging and defending the "use of Palestinians to deliver warnings to wanted men about impending arrest operations", a practice known in Israel by the "neighbor procedure" euphemism, the IDF denied reports of "using Palestinians as human shields against attacks on

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One of the soldiers testifies that a procedure, though banned, used when the army comes to arrest a Palestinian suspect: soldiers send a neighbor, charged with asking the residents of the besieged house to come out. 'I think that happened in Tulkarem. We made everyone come out, without finding the

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In February 2007, the footage was released of an incident involving Sameh Amira, a 24-year-old Palestinian, whom video showed serving as a human shield for a group of Israeli soldiers, getting inside apartments suspected to belong to Palestinian militants ahead of the soldiers. A 15-year-old cousin

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An investigation by the DCIP has detailed that the Israeli army used several children as human shields in the Al-Tuffah area of Gaza City on December 27, 2023. On that occasion, 50 Palestinians were detained, including children. Two brothers, aged 12 and 13, told investigators that soldiers forced

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On 12 March 2010, the Israel Defense Forces prosecution filed indictments against two staff sergeants of the Givati Brigade for forcing a 9-year-old Palestinian boy to open a number of bags they thought might contain explosives in January 2009. The boy told he was hit by the soldiers and forced to

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legally challenged the practice before Israel's High Court of Justice in 2002. However, the IDF persisted in using Palestinians in its 'neighbor procedure', whereby people picked at random were made to approach the houses of suspects and persuade them to surrender, a practice which arguably placed

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but found no evidence to support these claims. In their report on the 2008–2009 war, Amnesty stated they found no evidence of Hamas directing civilians to shield military assets or forcing them to stay near buildings used by fighters. They did find that Hamas launched rockets from civilian areas,

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are dressed up, apart from sandshoes, to look like Israeli soldiers, handcuffed, blindfolded and, with a video camera attached to their bodies, sent into houses where Hamas combatants are suspected to hide, or into tunnels that might be booby-trapped. On occasion even elderly Palestinian men have

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requires that warring parties distinguish between combatants and non-combatants–the former may be legitimately killed, and the latter are protected. A human shield refers to the placement of a non-combatant in the line of fire, thus preventing the legitimate military objective from being targeted

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ambulance which was parked nearby. This, the source argued, was evidence that the wounded man was not a suspect, as the IDF later maintained. A UN expert said the incident amounted to taking human shields. A cousin of Abbadeh told the press that Israeli forces had recently done the same to three

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during the 2008–09 Gaza War, including the use of Palestinian children as human shields. In the videos, three teenage brothers from the al-Attar family said that they were forced at gunpoint to kneel in front of tanks to deter Hamas fighters from firing at them and that they were used to "clear"

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Palestinian village with his soldiers had forced a villager to drive them to a safe place, the radio said. During the sergeant's investigation, a similar incident had come to light in the same battalion, during which a squad commander had made a Palestinian drive him and his soldiers to safety."

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Amnesty gave the following example: on April 5, 2002, an IDF officer took a Palestinian man from his house and asked him to come with them. When the Palestinian man, whose children were around him, repeatedly refused, the IDF officer said "I would prefer not to use force". The IDF officer then

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UN Doc. Chronological Review of Events 6 November 2002, "A military court in Israel sentenced two junior officers to 28 days imprisonment because they had used Palestinian civilians as 'human shields', Israel Radio reported. A platoon sergeant who had made a navigation error and ended up in a

440:, accused Israeli forces in June 2013 of "continuous use of Palestinian children as human shields and informants", voicing with deep concern 14 such cases had been reported between January 2010 and March 2013. It says almost all accused soldiers involved in the incidents have gone unpunished. 358:

the former's lives in danger. The court ruled in October 2005 "that any use of Palestinian civilians during military actions is forbidden, including the 'prior warning procedure'." According to B'tselem, reports indicate that the practice has continued nonetheless, in military operations like

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of Amira and an 11-year-old girl in the West Bank independently told B'Tselem in February 2007 that Israeli soldiers forced each of them in separate incidents to open the door of a neighboring apartment belonging to a suspected militant, get inside ahead of them, and open doors and windows.

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In 2002 the Supreme Court of Israel issued a temporary injunction banning the practice in the wake of the death of 19-year-old Nidal Abu Mohsen, who was shot dead when he was forced by the IDF to knock on the door of his neighbor, Hamas militant Nasser Jarrar, in the West Bank village of

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In July 2021, Israeli forces held Associated Press photographer Majdi Mohammed against his will as he was on media duty during an operation in the West Bank and Palestinian protesters threw stones at troops. Mohammed related an officer told him that he was being held to prevent further

390:. According to testimonies published by these two groups, Israeli forces used unarmed Palestinians including children to protect military positions, walk in front of armed soldiers; go into buildings to check for booby traps or gunmen; and inspect suspicious objects for explosives. 394:

stated that it found cases in which "Israeli troops forced Palestinians to stay in one room of their home while turning the rest of the house into a base and sniper position, effectively using the families, both adults and children, as human shields and putting them at risk". The

705:, purposely attempting to shield itself from Israeli attacks by storing weapons in civilian infrastructure, launching rockets from residential areas, and telling residents to ignore Israeli warnings to flee. Israel has accused Hamas of maintaining command and control bunkers and 3031:

The photographs from recent operations show that the armed Palestinians use the many civilians in the area, including children, as a 'human shield'. Since this is done routinely, harming children (some, it is possible, by Palestinian fire) becomes almost impossible to

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acknowledged they did not consider the motives of the civilians, such as whether they willingly assembled or not, and emphasized that it did not want to criticize non-violent resistance or any other form of peaceful protest, including civilians defending their homes.

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Amnesty International...does not have evidence at this point that Palestinian civilians have been intentionally used by Hamas or Palestinian armed groups during the current hostilities to "shield" specific locations or military personnel or equipment from Israeli

353:, utilized Palestinians as human shields. Under this procedure, people picked at random were forced by IDF to approach the houses of suspected militants and persuade them to surrender, a practice which arguably placed the former's lives in danger. Israeli NGO 4965: 5348: 1275: 2661: 4372: 709:

below hospitals, with some of the accusations being supported by the United States, the European Union, and the United Nations Secretary General. Hamas has denied using civilians and civilian infrastructure, including hospitals, as human shields.

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in the beginning of May 2024. A UN report on child abuse committed during the Israel-Hamas war verified five cases since Oct 7 where Israeli forces have used Palestinian boys as human shields during "law enforcement operations" in the West Bank.

424:. On 3 October 2010, a conviction in this matter, accompanied by a demotion and suspended sentence, was handed down by the military court against both defendants, though neither soldier was jailed. The sentence was criticized as too lenient by 6081: 3244: 4323: 1153: 5195: 1074: 137:

strategically by the UN Secretary General, the European Union, the United States, along with Israel. Launching rockets and positioning military infrastructure in civilian areas has been observed in various conflicts, including the

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The Israeli Army launched a criminal investigation into the incident involving Amira. In April 2007, the Israeli army suspended a commander after the unit he was leading was accused of using Palestinians as human shields in a

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have used civilians as human shields to discourage the opposing side from attacking. Many activists have often voluntarily used themselves as human shields to stop Israeli violence against Palestinians: these include the

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accused IDF soldiers of using him as a human shield. Mobile phone video footage shows an Israeli soldier walking down the street with the man in front of him, as the soldier laid a rifle on the victim's shoulder.

4379: 1502: 4985: 2583: 1094: 1288: 4855: 3221: 2653: 2517: 5386: 4694: 6139: 4247: 127:, IDF reportedly used Palestinian families (both adult and children) as human shields. A Haaretz investigation found that Palestinians, dressed up as Israeli soldiers, are widely used by the IDF in the 5084: 517:

them to strip off, tied their hands and forced them to walk in front of Israeli tanks along with other Palestinians. The younger brother also reported being slapped, kicked and beaten by the Israelis.

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Israel has said that Hamas's actions have caused Israel to kill civilians as collateral damage. Human rights groups have said that “even if Hamas were using human shields”, Israel must still abide by

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unleashed to sniff her, ordered to successively open the doors in her aunt's house. The IDF rejected the girl's testimony, stating that such events 'are inconsistent with the IDF’s code of conduct.'

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has also found that, of the 26 cases of Palestinian children being used by Israeli forces as human shields that it has documented since 2004, the large majority happened after the Supreme Court ban.

5092: 4177: 3816: 5155: 5049: 6202: 513:– Palestine (DCIP) had already documented that five children had been used as human shields by the Israeli army since the beginning of that year, with two of the victims being 2-year-old twins. 5185: 3570:

Zanotti, Jim; Sharp, Jeremy M.; Migdalovitz, Carol; Addis, Casey L.; Blanchard, Christopher M. (2010). "Chapter 2: Israel and Hamas: Conflict in Gaza (2008 - 2009)". In Kardelj, Nejc (ed.).

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other people. Two other Palestinians subsequently came forth and testified to the BBC, showing video evidence, that they too had been shot and strapped to a jeep in a different operation.

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contacted Israeli police regarding this incident, they declined to comment on the declined to comment on specifics, stating only that the force had behaved "ethically and professionally".

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Amid Increasingly Dire Humanitarian Situation in Gaza, Secretary-General Tells Security Council Hamas Attacks Cannot Justify Collective Punishment of Palestinian People – Press Release

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investigation based on many Israeli soldiers' testimony, Palestinian teenagers and adults are regularly used as human shields in exploring the tunnel network in the Gaza Strip. These

186:; forcing Palestinians to remove suspicious objects (possible explosives); sending Palestinians to try and persuade militants to surrender themselves (so-called "neighbor procedure"). 5393: 4689: 2738: 5898: 5097: 4714: 182:

have been accused of using Palestinians as human shields. Examples of this include: IDF soldiers putting Palestinian civilians in front of them or otherwise putting civilians in the

4662: 4434: 4124: 5017: 4709: 4219: 2149: 4729: 3682: 5044: 4926: 4821: 1734: 5180: 4811: 1964: 387: 5234: 5125: 5022: 5009: 4045: 1890: 5317: 5307: 5190: 4704: 2453: 5239: 4936: 4055: 2626: 540:. Another eyewitness asserted that the IDF paraded the wounded man around on the hood, keeping the victim under the hot sun for several minutes, until handing him over to a 3599: 3245:"On Forcing Civilians to Remain in Hostile Zones: The Prohibition of Shielding and the Corresponding Obligations of an Attacking Party Under International Humanitarian Law" 2482: 5227: 3047: 2608: 1839: 3546:

Rosen, Richard D. (2012). "Chapter 15, The Protection of Civilians During the Israeli-Hamas Conflict: The Goldstone Report". In Lovell, David W.; Primoratz, Igor (eds.).

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Another 36 homes were occupied by Israeli soldiers and used as watch posts. In every case of home occupation the IOF detained the inhabitants inside one room of the house

4367: 3018: 1090: 785:. According to the New York Times, some Gazans showed opposition to their usage as human shields by Hamas and some have refused the entry of militants to some shelters. 5942: 4877: 4699: 4328: 2575: 4384: 718: 3213: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5312: 5205: 5069: 4995: 4777: 2507: 2283: 4980: 4529: 3781: 1658: 1340: 5371: 4904: 4060: 3266: 3199: 2795: 5947: 5353: 5034: 4657: 3975: 5130: 5113: 1550: 261:, in April 2002, the IDF systematically used Palestinian civilians as human shields, forcing them to carry out military actions which threatened their lives". 5264: 5118: 4816: 4277: 4114: 2337: 706: 5269: 4894: 4882: 4872: 4865: 1224: 828: 466:

them, then proceeded to place the surviving members of the family, including children, by the house's windows as the soldiers started shooting around them.

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On June 22, 2024, a video was posted of an injured Palestinian man, 23-year-old Mujahed Abbadeh, strapped to the hood of an Israeli jeep driving through

1942: 4197: 3634: 1315: 55: 47: 5027: 3280: 2857: 408: 5222: 4909: 4338: 1257: 4313: 4282: 4099: 4072: 2924: 1678: 773: 5429: 4970: 4750: 592:(2000–2005) Palestinian gunmen "routinely" used civilians and children as human shields and stated that there was photographic evidence for it. 5160: 4104: 4089: 2016: 4352: 3305: 1169: 4167: 3579: 3536: 3514: 3801: 3065: 5718: 5140: 437: 4842: 4519: 3806: 478:

In May 2022, Israeli soldiers were accused of using a 16-year old girl as a human shield during a firefight with Palestinian militants in

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stated they would act as voluntary "human shields" during the annual olive harvest to protect Palestinian villages from settlers.

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reported that, according to human rights groups, the IDF did not stop the use of human shields, but the incidence was dropping.

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explain what military objective it could have had. They considered the destruction in light of Israel's longstanding policy of

556:. A woman and four children were forced away from their home while one girl was detained and, intimidated also by an unmuzzled 103:

The use of Palestinians as human shields by Israeli Defense Forces has been documented by human rights organizations including

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Hamas did not use human shields and did not fire rockets from residential areas," he said. "Hamas does not target civilians.

2039: 1969:|title="Human rights groups on the attack on Gaza B'Tselem: Israeli soldiers use civilians as human shields in Beit Hanun", 1422: 288:

In 2004, a 13-year-old boy, Muhammed Badwan, was photographed tied to an Israeli police vehicle in the West Bank village of

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work for them at gunpoint. The IDF said it opened the investigation after the incident was brought to its attention by the

6091: 5723: 4626: 4610: 4493: 4480: 4467: 4416: 4292: 4132: 621: 134: 2433: 2275: 5733: 5254: 5064: 4485: 4444: 4389: 4202: 1656: 2475: 1503:"Israel-Gaza: IDF used Palestinians as human shields 1,200 occasions in last five years, say Israeli defence officials" 115:. According to B'Tselem, IDF soldiers put Palestinian civilians in front of them or otherwise putting civilians in the 6128: 6097: 5145: 4229: 3635:"Neighbours as human shields? The Israel Defense Forces' "Early Warning Procedure" and international humanitarian law" 486:

in an interview that Israeli soldiers forced her to stand in front of an Israeli military vehicle for two hours. When

366:, and the "vast majority of these reports were never investigated, and those that did result in no further action". 5916: 5783: 5517: 4755: 4603: 4214: 2552: 1154:

Haaretz Investigation: Israeli Army Uses Palestinian Civilians to Inspect Potentially Booby-trapped Tunnels in Gaza

266: 258: 4745: 2879:"Video Shows Wounded Palestinian Strapped on IDF Jeep Hood; 12-year-old Dies After Being Shot by IDF in West Bank" 1691: 147: 6103: 6069: 5778: 5599: 4401: 2683: 363: 17: 4772: 2942: 2177: 753: 648: 139: 6207: 5728: 5074: 4799: 4572: 4287: 4162: 4152: 2946: 778: 300: 528:

The DCIP reported that Israeli forces used three boys aged 12 to 14 as human shields in separate incidents in

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A UN report found three examples of Israel using Palestinian children as human shields in the year 2022.

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said that "for a long period of time following the outbreak of the Second Intifada, particularly during

234: 223: 120: 112: 88: 3790: 2012: 769: 506: 552:, it was reported that Israeli troops used a 10-year old girl, Malak Shihab, as a human shield in the 475:

stone-throwing, at which point he told the officer that this amounted to using him as a human shield.

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been forced to undertake this work. The practice is said to be widely known to IDF field commanders.

203: 2858:"'Unprecedented scale' of violations against children in Gaza, West Bank and Israel, UN report says" 269:

in 2004. Human shields were also employed by Israeli soldiers to subdue a stone-throwing protest in

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Protecting Civilians During Violent Conflict: Theoretical and Practical Issues for the 21st Century

3331:"EU nations condemn Hamas for what they describe as use of hospitals, civilians as 'human shields'" 2654:"Why would the NY Times publish an uncorroborated allegation from the son of a top Hamas official?" 1345: 1195:"EU nations condemn Hamas for what they describe as use of hospitals, civilians as 'human shields'" 379: 359: 344: 765:(HRW) also stated they found no evidence that Hamas used human shields during the 2009 conflict. 6059: 5808: 5688: 5584: 5456: 4899: 4789: 4018: 3888: 3657: 3621: 2796:""They were trying to exterminate us": Palestinian children in Gaza tortured by Israeli military" 1943:"20 July 2006: Israeli Soldiers use civilians as Human Shields in Beit Hanun | B'Tselem" 1623: 902: 762: 608: 596: 425: 242: 238: 173: 104: 3924: 3856: 1603:"Israel and the Occupied Territories Shielded from scrutiny: IDF violations in Jenin and Nablus" 1398:

Amnesty International Report "Operation Cast Lead": 22 Days of Death and Destruction pp. 48–50,

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e.g. photos, medical reports or lingering wounds resulting from repeated blows, was produced.

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Accusations of Hamas using civilians and civilian infrastructure to shield military targets

6017: 5911: 5868: 5848: 5803: 5644: 5579: 4794: 4546: 4028: 3893: 3868: 3851: 3454: 3435: 3423: 3051: 2612: 2157: 2099: 2048: 2043: 2020: 1823: 1662: 1637: 1602: 1584: 1400: 1220: 1098: 955: 589: 382:, Israeli military forces were accused of continuing to use civilians as human shields by 350: 227: 1091:"Impunity for War Crimes in Gaza-Southern Israel a Recipe for Further Civilian Suffering" 123:, though there have been accusations of its employment even after the ruling. During the 2401: 2369: 1766: 1631: 27:

The usage of civilians and civilian infrastructure for military purposes by both parties

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of 2023–2024, EU nations accused Hamas of using hospitals as human shields, while the

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Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory

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waiting for Israeli soldiers, they would use Palestinian children as human shields.

6027: 5976: 5863: 5823: 5818: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5703: 5619: 5547: 5466: 3939: 3898: 3861: 3447: 2992: 2943:"Israel committed a criminal act against me, says Palestinian tied to army vehicle" 2862: 2436: 2305: 2182: 797: 732: 698: 655: 521: 462: 403: 282: 250: 183: 116: 80: 3436:"Document - Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories: Israel/Gaza conflict" 3547: 3500: 2961: 2904: 2035: 6114: 5991: 5773: 5634: 5624: 5609: 5512: 5491: 5476: 4652: 3524: 3496: 2723: 2119: 1652: 1640:"VII. Human Shielding and the Use of Civilians for Military Purposes", May 2002. 724: 491: 308: 254: 207: 199: 108: 6108: 6032: 6001: 5986: 5888: 4324:

Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip

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also accused Israel of using human shields during the 2008–09 Gaza conflict.

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Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria during the Israel–Hamas war

5921: 4946: 2962:"More wounded Palestinians tell BBC the Israeli army forced them on to jeep" 2276:"Israeli soldiers who used Palestinian boy, 9, as a human shield avoid jail" 1225:"Blinken urges Israel to avoid civilian deaths and wants safe zones in Gaza" 553: 328: 3692:"Targeting Enemy Forces in the War on Terror: Preserving Civilian Immunity" 3448:"Settlers clash with rabbis guarding Palestinian olive harvest near Hebron" 3403:"Unwilling to Be Human Shields, Some Gazans Turn Gunmen Away From Shelters" 2925:"'Human shielding in action': Israeli forces strap Palestinian man to jeep" 2306:"Two IDF soldiers charged with using 9-year-old 'human shield' in Gaza war" 1316:"Hold Hamas Accountable for Human-Shields Use During the May 2021 Gaza War" 1065:"Two IDF Soldiers Charged With Using 9-year-old 'Human Shield' in Gaza War" 520:

On January 16, 2024, a Palestinian shop owner in the West Bank village of

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for weapons, caches or concealed fighters. Because these homes could have

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Defence for Children International Palestine. Retrieved 22 August 2014.

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Israel: Soldiers' Punishment for Using Boy as 'Human Shield' Inadequate

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made use of the "human shield" procedure on 1,200 occasions during the

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United States complicity in Israeli war crimes in the Israel–Hamas war

2836:"Israeli forces use Palestinian children as human shields in Tulkarem" 2508:"Israeli soldiers testify about violence against Palestinian children" 2434:"Israeli Soldiers Convicted of Using Palestinian Boy as Human Shield," 956:"Israel/Gaza: Operation "Cast Lead": 22 days of death and destruction" 777:

at least two incidents where Palestinian fighters appear to have used

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In 2005, Israel's High Court of Justice banned the practice, with the

2338:"IDF soldiers convicted of using 11-year-old as human shield in Gaza" 752:

investigated Israeli claims that Hamas used human shields during the

270: 211: 3479:

Hamas Contained: The Rise and Pacification of Palestinian Resistance

3066:"What is a 'human shield' and why is Israel using the term in Gaza?" 1341:"Why Hamas stores its weapons inside hospitals, mosques and schools" 3759: 694: 537: 479: 92: 3214:"More Than 100 Members of This Gaza Clan Have Been Killed in War" 1665:"Israeli Soldiers use civilians as Human Shields in Beit Hanun", 898:

Locating Urban Conflicts: Ethnicity, Nationalism and the Everyday

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compiled three videos and testimony from civilians about alleged

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being used as a shield to deter stone-throwing protesters. Rabbi

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Palestinian sports during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip

2476:"Palestinian children tortured, used as shields by Israel: U.N." 1883:"IDF to ask High Court to review ban on 'human shield' practice" 607:

as punitive measures instead of as legitimate military targets.

285:

and inform him of the Israeli army's demands that he surrender.

3763: 3044:"Human Rights Watch Statement on our November 22 Press Release" 2774:"Israeli forces use five Palestinian children as human shields" 2063:"Israel accused of using Palestinian children as human shields" 311:

indicated that the IDF used civilians as human shields in 2006

3600:"Israel's Human Shields Defense: Shielding Israeli War Crimes" 3357:"Gaza: Unlawful Israeli Hospital Strikes Worsen Health Crisis" 2757:"Children and armed conflict: Report of the Secretary-General" 2605:"Israeli forces use Palestinian child as human shield in Gaza" 2551:(Report). Euro-Mid Observer for Human Rights. 10 August 2014. 1452: 1450: 628: 31: 3109:"Israel and Hamas Fighting Raises Questions about War Crimes" 2684:"Israeli troops put AP photographer in danger during clashes" 1797:"Shielded from scrutiny: IDF violations in Jenin and Nablus" 1371: 349:

The IDF's practice of "Neighbor procedure", used during the

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IDF forces", saying it had already forbidden this practice.

3574:. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. pp. 67–112. 2370:"Two Israeli soldiers guilty of using human shield in Gaza" 6146:

Options for a policy regarding Gaza's civilian population

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Euro-Mid Documents Israel's Use of Human Shields in Gaza

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reported the systematic use of human shields during the

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Defense for Children International – Palestine v. Biden

3531:. Oakland, California: University of California Press. 131:

as human shields to explore tunnels in the Gaza Strip.

59: 4435:

Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus

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Human shields: a history of people in the line of fire

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Human Shields: A History of People in the Line of Fire

2402:"Israeli troops demoted over Gaza 'human shield' boy" 296:

was placed under arrest after he tried to intervene.

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Legal Consequences of Israeli Policies and Practices

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International recognition of the State of Palestine

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Human Rights Watch. 26 November 2010. 1963:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 5206:March for the Republic and Against Antisemitism 5070:Proposed Israeli resettlement of the Gaza Strip 4778:Casualties of Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip 1648: 1646: 6203:War crimes in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict 3179: 2739:"Will Someone Finally Say Israel Has Lost It?" 2627:"Teenager Cites Ordeal as Captive of Israelis" 2576:"Teenager Cites Ordeal as Captive of Israelis" 2207: 2205: 1877: 1875: 1456: 1359: 883: 871: 859: 5354:War crimes and crimes against humanity report 3966:Allegations of involvement of UNRWA employees 3775: 3137:"Israel/Gaza conflict: Questions and Answers" 2986:Julian Borger; Sufian Taha (31 August 2024). 1945:. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014 1423:"Israel/Gaza conflict: Questions and Answers" 345:Criticism of Israel § Neighbor Procedure 8: 5943:Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict 5265:National March on Washington: Free Palestine 4329:Environmental impact of the Israel–Hamas war 3384:""I Can't Erase All the Blood from My Mind"" 3009:"Analysis / Stoking an appetite for revenge" 2574:Fares Akram; Jodi Rudoren (24 August 2014). 1551:"Refuse to Be a Human Shield? No Such Thing" 1525:"Mofaz: IDF to appeal 'human shield' ruling" 1394: 1392: 1148: 1146: 307:In 2006, however, initial investigations by 5161:2024 University of Texas at Austin stabbing 4991:Israeli torture in the occupied territories 4663:Alon Shamriz, Yotam Haim, and Samer Talalka 1115: 1113: 1111: 984:"Verifying if your connection is secure..." 647:of the style of writing in this article is 245:civilians as human shields during the 2002 6135:Israeli demolition of Palestinian property 5966: 5564: 5441: 5434: 5080: 5005: 4735: 4552: 4422: 4041: 3836: 3823: 3782: 3768: 3760: 3457:Haaretz, 13 October 2008 Associated Press. 2543: 2541: 2539: 2036:"Israelis use Palestinian as human shield" 1761: 1759: 1572: 1570: 1568: 3707:Rubinstein, Amnon; Roznai, Yaniv (2011). 3131: 3129: 2652:Bernstein, Prof. David (24 August 2014). 2502: 2500: 2013:Israel Probes "Human Shield" Allegations" 1086: 1084: 674:Learn how and when to remove this message 505:In May 2023, before the beginning of the 5028:September 2024 Israel ceasefire protests 4248:Airstrikes on municipal services in Gaza 1605:. Amnesty International. 4 November 2002 742:Janina Dill, a laws of war professor at 654:Please do not remove this message until 548:On the night of 28 August 2024, during 409:war crimes committed by Israeli soldiers 4283:World Central Kitchen aid convoy attack 3696:Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 3265:was invoked but never defined (see the 3198:was invoked but never defined (see the 3054:. Human Rights Watch, 15 December 2006. 1038: 847: 840: 829:War crimes in the 2023 Israel–Hamas war 463:Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor 241:, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) used 4986:Cemetery destruction and necroviolence 4720:Queer advocacy in the Israel–Hamas war 3674: 2270: 2268: 2008: 2006: 2004: 1956: 1864:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 1857: 1846:from the original on 20 September 2014 1777:from the original on 15 September 2017 1722:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 1715: 1519: 1517: 1515: 1383: 1077:from the original on 22 November 2023. 1050: 4996:Proposed Israeli resettlement of Gaza 3642:International Review of the Red Cross 3224:from the original on 19 December 2023 3190: 3188: 3021:from the original on 28 November 2012 2664:from the original on 29 November 2014 2633:from the original on 29 November 2014 2456:from the original on 19 December 2016 2286:from the original on 28 December 2016 2073:from the original on 31 December 2016 1816:"Israeli army accused of new killing" 1498: 1496: 1494: 1492: 7: 5141:2023 Nicosia Israeli embassy bombing 4966:Sexual violence against Palestinians 3401:Shbair, Bilala (10 September 2024). 3064:Marsi, Federica (13 November 2023). 2223:from the original on 25 January 2014 1923:from the original on 19 January 2009 1527:. Yediot Aharonot. 11 October 2005. 1468: 1152:Yaniv Kubovich, Michael Hauser Tov, 1026: 1008: 1006: 1004: 1002: 1000: 950: 948: 438:Committee on the Rights of the Child 436:A United Nations human rights body, 222:Israeli officials reported that the 60:move details into the article's body 4851:Calls for the destruction of Israel 4542:Hostages and Missing Families Forum 4395:April 2024 Israeli settler rampages 4380:Israeli incursions in the West Bank 4073:Al-Shati and Tuffah dual airstrikes 3438:. Amnesty International. July 2014. 3260: 3243:McQuade, Chris (20 December 2023). 3193: 3091:"Hamas rocket attacks 'war crimes'" 2555:from the original on 21 August 2014 2520:from the original on 21 August 2014 2350:from the original on 6 October 2010 2213:"Israel soldiers on Gaza: Excerpts" 2190:from the original on 25 August 2014 194:During the 1956–1957 occupation of 164:without harming the non-combatant. 4751:Background to the Israel–Hamas war 2660:. No. The Volokh Conspiracy. 2414:from the original on 20 March 2017 2318:from the original on 13 March 2010 1988:Defence for Children International 1767:"Israel's human shields draw fire" 1735:"Al Mezan Center for Human Rights" 511:Defence for Children International 484:Defence for Children International 451:Defense for Children International 317:Defence for Children International 25: 5275:Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell 5055:Arab–Islamic extraordinary summit 4278:Palestinians evacuating Gaza City 3279:Abrahams, Fred (13 August 2009). 2485:from the original on 7 March 2015 2253:from the original on 17 July 2009 2243:"Breaking silence on Gaza abuses" 2176:Chassay, Clancy (23 March 2009). 1893:from the original on 2 April 2015 1577:"Israel faces human shield claim" 1531:from the original on 27 July 2014 1314:Ackerman, Daniel (23 June 2021). 1131:from the original on 17 July 2009 1121:"Breaking silence on Gaza abuses" 1063:Pfeffer, Anshel (11 March 2010). 802:International Solidarity Movement 412:houses for the Israeli soldiers. 233:According to human rights groups 98:International Solidarity Movement 6172: 6171: 5065:Cancellation of the 2023 MTV EMA 3981:Sexual and gender-based violence 3716:Stanford Law & Policy Review 3261:Cite error: The named reference 3212:Yee, Vivian (17 December 2023). 3194:Cite error: The named reference 2960:Lucy Williamson (30 June 2024). 2586:from the original on 19 May 2017 2382:from the original on 5 June 2018 2092:"Israel Human Shield Suspension" 1913:"IDF to appeal human shield ban" 1730:Al Mezan Center for Human Rights 633: 36: 5060:Hurmat-e-Masjid Aqsa Conference 4954:Palestinian genocide accusation 4805:Israeli disengagement from Gaza 4761:Palestinian freedom of movement 4450:Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh 4385:2024 Israeli military operation 4273:Kuwait Roundabout mass killings 4188:Al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion 3748:Israel Yearbook on Human Rights 2903:Robert Plummer (22 June 2024). 2686:. Associated Press. 3 July 2021 783:2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel 735:and co-author of the 2020 book 4530:2023 hostage–prisoner exchange 4095:Nuseirat refugee camp massacre 3945:Israeli female tank crew fight 3656:(inactive 14 September 2024). 3507:University of California Press 3382:Wille, Belkis (17 July 2024). 1628:Jenin: IDF Military Operations 717:, especially the principle of 1: 6092:Central Archives of Gaza City 4611:Rescue of Qaid Farhan Al-Qadi 4494:2024 Israeli strikes on Yemen 4481:2024 missile strikes in Yemen 4468:Operation Prosperity Guardian 4417:Israeli incursions in Tulkarm 4368:Israel–Lebanon border clashes 4293:13 July 2024 al-Mawasi attack 4258:Engineer's Building airstrike 3107:Walsh, Declan (16 May 2021). 3007:Harel, Amos (3 August 2004). 2516:(in French). 21 August 2012. 622:Use of human shields by Hamas 79:The accusation of the use of 5255:March on Washington for Gaza 4937:Violence against journalists 4390:Killing of Benjamin Achimeir 3742:Schmitt, Michael N. (2008). 781:as human shields during the 85:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 5146:Killing of Wadea al-Fayoume 5119:Riots in the North Caucasus 4856:Israeli government response 4230:Nasser Hospital mass graves 3527:; Perugini, Nicola (2020). 656:conditions to do so are met 6244: 4878:Environment impact in Gaza 4817:Palestinian tunnel warfare 4812:Palestinian rocket attacks 4756:Blockade of the Gaza Strip 4695:Effect on children in Gaza 4253:Attacks on religious sites 4215:Kamal Adwan Hospital siege 3690:Rosen, Richard D. (2009). 3180:Gordon & Perugini 2020 2737:Amira Hass (31 May 2022). 1481:Jean-Pierre Filiu (2015). 1457:Gordon & Perugini 2020 1360:Gordon & Perugini 2020 884:Gordon & Perugini 2020 872:Gordon & Perugini 2020 860:Gordon & Perugini 2020 789:Activists as human shields 697:has been accused of using 687: 619: 342: 331:operation. In April 2007, 259:Operation Defensive Shield 198:by Israel (as part of the 171: 6167: 6104:From the river to the sea 6070:Al Qarara Cultural Museum 5228:Humanitarian aid blockade 5050:Islamic Summit Conference 4440:Iranian strikes in Israel 4319:Bombing of the Gaza Strip 4220:Killing of health workers 3797: 3654:10.1017/S1560775500180459 2148:Associated Press report, 2042:27 September 2007 at the 1822:17 September 2016 at the 1636:24 September 2015 at the 1583:17 September 2016 at the 576:Use by Palestinian forces 550:an incursion into Tulkarm 432:2009 to the 2014 Gaza War 364:Operation Protective Edge 83:is a common theme in the 5156:Vermont student shooting 5075:2024 Beijing Declaration 4927:Israeli public diplomacy 4800:Israeli settler violence 3618:10.1215/08879982-3328817 2019:16 February 2010 at the 804:(ISM) volunteers in the 301:Israeli Defense Ministry 100:, and Israeli leftists. 5879:Mushtaq Talib Al-Saeedi 4445:Israeli strikes on Iran 4193:Al-Shifa Hospital siege 3961:Allegations of genocide 3453:6 December 2008 at the 2156:17 October 2009 at the 1097:21 January 2010 at the 817:Rabbis for Human Rights 806:Palestinian territories 397:UN Human Rights Council 267:invasion of Beit Hanoun 6198:Human shield incidents 5709:Nahida and Samar Anton 5373:South Africa v. Israel 4888:Gaza Strip evacuations 4715:Israeli interrogations 4373:Attacks on journalists 4210:Gaza Strip mass graves 4110:Deir el-Balah (August) 3987:Screams Before Silence 3909:Psyduck music festival 3477:Baconi, Tareq (2018). 3050:7 October 2012 at the 2611:28 August 2014 at the 1553:. Haaretz. 7 July 2003 554:Nur Shams refugee camp 428:and the boy's mother. 180:Israeli Defense Forces 148:2023 Israel–Hamas wars 5997:Inbal Rabin-Lieberman 5982:Rachel Goldberg-Polin 5375:(Genocide Convention) 5151:Death of Paul Kessler 5098:UK support for Israel 5093:US support for Israel 5018:Calls for a ceasefire 4910:Premature baby crisis 4746:Arab–Israeli conflict 4589:Operation Golden Hand 4536:Kidnapped from Israel 4412:Tower 22 drone attack 4314:AI-assisted targeting 4225:Nasser Hospital siege 4115:Al-Mawasi (September) 3633:Otto, Roland (2004). 3598:Ezra, Ovadia (2015). 3422:July 5, 2008, at the 3141:Amnesty International 1732:, 12 August 2004. On 1428:Amnesty International 1293:Amnesty International 1103:Amnesty International 961:Amnesty International 750:Amnesty International 707:tunnel infrastructure 688:Further information: 595:On 22 November 2006, 542:Palestinian Red Cross 443:In an interview with 392:Amnesty International 384:Amnesty International 235:Amnesty International 224:Israel Defense Forces 168:Use by Israeli forces 161:law of armed conflict 125:2009 invasion of Gaza 121:Israeli Supreme Court 113:Amnesty International 89:Israel Defense Forces 6218:Gaza War (2008–2009) 6213:Gaza–Israel conflict 6038:Mustafa Moien Ayyash 5884:Mohammad Reza Zahedi 5381:Nicaragua v. Germany 5290:2024 Faizabad sit-in 5023:Three-phase proposal 4773:Gaza–Israel conflict 4658:Hersh Goldberg-Polin 4427:Iran–Israel conflict 4402:Givat Shaul shooting 4198:alleged military use 4085:Tel al-Sultan attack 3840:Attacks on civilians 3737:on 23 November 2023. 2410:. 21 November 2010. 2282:. 21 November 2010. 2139:, 16 September 2009. 2098:17 July 2007 at the 812:as “human shields”. 774:UN Secretary General 744:University of Oxford 445:Breaking the Silence 388:Breaking the Silence 339:"Neighbor procedure" 204:Palestinian fedayeen 5684:Tawfic Abdel Jabbar 5216:2023 Bitung clashes 5181:University campuses 5126:Anti-Palestinianism 4905:Healthcare collapse 4895:Humanitarian crisis 4861:Israeli war cabinet 4822:anti-tunnel barrier 4407:Majdal Shams attack 4363:Lehi Street bombing 4288:9 July 2024 attacks 4203:ambulance airstrike 3904:Nova music festival 3671:on 30 January 2023. 3502:Israel's Occupation 3281:"White Flag Deaths" 2658:The Washington Post 2161:New York Daily News 2122:, 11 November 2017. 1919:. 12 October 2005. 1889:. 11 October 2005. 1661:4 June 2011 at the 1372:Zanotti et al. 2010 1346:The Washington Post 1223:(13 October 2023). 886:, pp. 114–116. 380:Operation Cast Lead 360:Operation Cast Lead 6060:Ahmed Abdel Khalek 5809:Rashad Abu Sakhila 5689:Majed Abu Maraheel 5585:Abdul Fatah Dukhan 5457:Yitzhak Ben-Bashat 4920:Societal breakdown 4900:Gaza floating pier 4790:Israeli settlement 4739:Historical context 4599:Nuseirat operation 4473:Attacks on the MV 4138:Shadia Abu Ghazala 4125:Attacks on schools 3388:Human Rights Watch 3363:. 14 November 2023 3361:Human Rights Watch 3337:. 13 November 2023 3285:Human Rights Watch 3218:The New York Times 3113:The New York Times 2580:The New York Times 2432:Harriet Sherwood, 2378:. 3 October 2010. 2346:. 3 October 2010. 2163:, 16 October 2009. 1773:. 2 January 2003. 1741:on 21 October 2013 1704:on 21 October 2013 1624:Human Rights Watch 1509:, 12 October 2005. 1362:, p. 170-178. 1264:. 15 October 2023. 1201:. 13 November 2023 933:. 26 November 2010 931:Human Rights Watch 903:Palgrave Macmillan 763:Human Rights Watch 754:2008–2009 Gaza War 597:Human Rights Watch 455:The New York Times 426:Human Rights Watch 370:2008–2009 Gaza War 239:Human Rights Watch 174:Israeli war crimes 105:Human Rights Watch 6185: 6184: 6076:All Eyes on Rafah 6046: 6045: 5956: 5955: 5859:Waibhav Anil Kale 5854:Ali Hussein Barji 5837: 5836: 5784:Yazan al-Kafarneh 5734:David Ben Avraham 5663:Fouad Abu Butihan 5590:Mohammed Dababish 5556: 5555: 5497:Yonatan Steinberg 5424: 5423: 5420: 5419: 5245:Artists4Ceasefire 5136:Violent incidents 5040:University donors 5035:Diplomatic impact 4837: 4836: 4766:Israeli apartheid 4671: 4670: 4646:Deceased hostages 4620:Released hostages 4514: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4347: 4346: 4180:health facilities 3996: 3995: 3581:978-1-61470-176-7 3538:978-0-520-97228-5 3516:978-0-520-25530-2 3169:, 27 October 2023 3093:. 6 August 2009. 2824:. 8 January 2024. 2314:. 12 March 2010. 1829:, 16 August 2002. 1507:Belfast Telegraph 1295:. 12 October 2023 1041:, pp. 35–36. 850:, pp. 35–37. 729:international law 715:international law 684: 683: 676: 580:As early as 2004 77: 76: 56:length guidelines 16:(Redirected from 6235: 6228:Israel–Hamas war 6175: 6174: 5967: 5874:Sadegh Omidzadeh 5829:Talal Abu Zarifa 5814:Omar Abu Shawish 5769:Ihab al-Ghussein 5749:Mohamed al-Dalou 5724:Mohammed Barakat 5714:Ibrahim al-Astal 5630:Jamila al-Shanti 5565: 5442: 5435: 5260:March for Israel 5081: 5006: 4736: 4700:Humanitarian aid 4632:Yarden Roman-Gat 4582:Rescued hostages 4553: 4423: 4100:Al-Mawasi (June) 4042: 3837: 3824: 3791:Israel–Hamas war 3784: 3777: 3770: 3761: 3755: 3738: 3736: 3730:. 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Archived from 1696: 1688: 1682: 1676: 1670: 1650: 1641: 1621: 1615: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1599: 1593: 1592:, 23 April 2004. 1574: 1563: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1521: 1510: 1500: 1487: 1486: 1478: 1472: 1466: 1460: 1454: 1445: 1444: 1438: 1436: 1419: 1413: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1396: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1351: 1350: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1326: 1311: 1305: 1304: 1302: 1300: 1285: 1279: 1272: 1266: 1265: 1254: 1248: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1221:Wintour, Patrick 1217: 1211: 1210: 1208: 1206: 1191: 1185: 1184: 1182: 1180: 1166: 1160: 1150: 1141: 1140: 1138: 1136: 1127:. 15 July 2009. 1117: 1106: 1088: 1079: 1078: 1060: 1054: 1048: 1042: 1036: 1030: 1024: 1018: 1017: 1010: 995: 994: 992: 990: 980: 974: 973: 971: 969: 952: 943: 942: 940: 938: 923: 917: 916: 893: 887: 881: 875: 869: 863: 857: 851: 845: 779:Israeli hostages 770:Israel–Hamas war 679: 672: 668: 665: 659: 637: 636: 629: 605:destroying homes 588:that during the 507:Israel–Hamas war 482:. The girl told 376:2008–09 Gaza War 129:Israel Hamas war 72: 69: 63: 54:Please read the 40: 39: 32: 21: 6243: 6242: 6238: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6233: 6232: 6208:Second Intifada 6188: 6187: 6186: 6181: 6163: 6098:Bearing Witness 6052: 6042: 6018:Wael Al-Dahdouh 6006: 5962: 5952: 5931: 5917:Ismail al-Ghoul 5912:Samer Abu Daqqa 5893: 5869:Wissam al-Tawil 5849:Saleh al-Arouri 5833: 5804:Mohammed Shabir 5672: 5655: 5649: 5645:Faiq Al-Mabhouh 5580:Saleh al-Arouri 5552: 5518:Yuval Castleman 5501: 5445:Security forces 5416: 5398: 5394:Arrest warrants 5360: 5337: 5296: 5167: 5102: 5079: 5004: 4873:Economic impact 4866:Mass detentions 4833: 4795:Israeli outpost 4734: 4730:Knowledge (XXG) 4677: 4667: 4641: 4615: 4577: 4551: 4547:Hostages Square 4521: 4506: 4499:Attacks on the 4475:Maersk Hangzhou 4454: 4421: 4354: 4343: 4302: 4236: 4179: 4172: 4119: 4105:Al-Shati (July) 4090:Al-Mawasi (May) 4047: 4040: 4005: 4003: 3992: 3949: 3913: 3831: 3829: 3818: 3811: 3793: 3788: 3758: 3741: 3734: 3711: 3706: 3689: 3673: 3668: 3637: 3632: 3597: 3593: 3588: 3582: 3569: 3563: 3552: 3545: 3539: 3523: 3517: 3495: 3489: 3476: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3461: 3455:Wayback Machine 3446: 3442: 3434: 3430: 3424:Wayback Machine 3414: 3410: 3400: 3399: 3395: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3340: 3338: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3314: 3312: 3304: 3303: 3299: 3289: 3287: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3262: 3256: 3242: 3241: 3237: 3227: 3225: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3195: 3186: 3178: 3174: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3146: 3144: 3135: 3134: 3127: 3117: 3115: 3106: 3105: 3101: 3089: 3088: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3052:Wayback Machine 3042: 3038: 3024: 3022: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2949:. 23 June 2024. 2941: 2940: 2936: 2931:. 23 June 2024. 2923: 2922: 2918: 2902: 2901: 2897: 2887: 2885: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2866:. 11 June 2024. 2856: 2855: 2851: 2841: 2839: 2834: 2833: 2829: 2816: 2815: 2811: 2801: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2779: 2777: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2759: 2755: 2754: 2750: 2736: 2735: 2731: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2704: 2703: 2699: 2689: 2687: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2667: 2665: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2636: 2634: 2624: 2623: 2619: 2613:Wayback Machine 2603: 2599: 2589: 2587: 2573: 2572: 2568: 2558: 2556: 2547: 2546: 2537: 2523: 2521: 2506: 2505: 2498: 2488: 2486: 2474: 2473: 2469: 2459: 2457: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2439:3 October 2010. 2431: 2427: 2417: 2415: 2400: 2399: 2395: 2385: 2383: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2336: 2335: 2331: 2321: 2319: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2289: 2287: 2274: 2273: 2266: 2256: 2254: 2241: 2240: 2236: 2226: 2224: 2211: 2210: 2203: 2193: 2191: 2175: 2174: 2167: 2158:Wayback Machine 2147: 2143: 2130: 2126: 2116:"Human Shields" 2114: 2110: 2100:Wayback Machine 2090: 2086: 2076: 2074: 2061: 2060: 2056: 2049:The Denver Post 2044:Wayback Machine 2034: 2030: 2021:Wayback Machine 2011: 2002: 1992: 1990: 1984:"HUMAN SHIELDS" 1982: 1981: 1977: 1973:, 20 July 2006. 1955: 1948: 1946: 1941: 1940: 1936: 1926: 1924: 1911: 1910: 1906: 1896: 1894: 1881: 1880: 1873: 1856: 1849: 1847: 1840:"Archived copy" 1838: 1837: 1833: 1824:Wayback Machine 1814: 1810: 1799: 1795: 1794: 1790: 1780: 1778: 1765: 1764: 1757: 1744: 1742: 1733: 1714: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1694: 1692:"Archived copy" 1690: 1689: 1685: 1677: 1673: 1669:, 20 July 2006. 1663:Wayback Machine 1651: 1644: 1638:Wayback Machine 1622: 1618: 1608: 1606: 1601: 1600: 1596: 1585:Wayback Machine 1575: 1566: 1556: 1554: 1549: 1548: 1544: 1534: 1532: 1523: 1522: 1513: 1501: 1490: 1483:Gaza: A History 1480: 1479: 1475: 1467: 1463: 1455: 1448: 1434: 1432: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1406: 1404: 1399: 1397: 1390: 1382: 1378: 1370: 1366: 1358: 1354: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1324: 1322: 1313: 1312: 1308: 1298: 1296: 1287: 1286: 1282: 1273: 1269: 1262:Times of Israel 1256: 1255: 1251: 1241: 1239: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1204: 1202: 1193: 1192: 1188: 1178: 1176: 1168: 1167: 1163: 1151: 1144: 1134: 1132: 1119: 1118: 1109: 1099:Wayback Machine 1089: 1082: 1062: 1061: 1057: 1049: 1045: 1037: 1033: 1025: 1021: 1014:"Human Shields" 1012: 1011: 998: 988: 986: 982: 981: 977: 967: 965: 954: 953: 946: 936: 934: 925: 924: 920: 913: 895: 894: 890: 882: 878: 870: 866: 858: 854: 846: 842: 837: 825: 791: 727:, professor of 719:proportionality 692: 680: 669: 663: 660: 653: 638: 634: 627: 624: 618: 590:Second Intifada 578: 563:According to a 503: 472: 434: 372: 351:Second Intifada 347: 341: 247:Battle of Jenin 228:Second Intifada 220: 218:Second Intifada 192: 176: 170: 157: 73: 67: 64: 53: 50:may be too long 45:This article's 41: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6241: 6239: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6190: 6189: 6183: 6182: 6180: 6179: 6168: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6161: 6154: 6152:Project Nimbus 6149: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6125: 6118: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6072: 6067: 6065:Al-Saqqa House 6062: 6056: 6054: 6048: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6023:Plestia Alaqad 6020: 6014: 6012: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5973: 5971: 5964: 5958: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5951: 5950: 5945: 5939: 5937: 5936:General topics 5933: 5932: 5930: 5929: 5927:Belal Jadallah 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5907:Issam Abdallah 5903: 5901: 5895: 5894: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5845: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5794:Ibrahim Qusaya 5791: 5789:Hani Al-Masdar 5786: 5781: 5779:Sidra Hassouna 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5739:Adnan al-Bursh 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5699:Refaat Alareer 5696: 5691: 5686: 5680: 5678: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5670: 5668:Jihad Shehadeh 5665: 5659: 5657: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5615:Fursan Khalifa 5612: 5607: 5602: 5600:Ahmed Ghandour 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5575:Ismail Haniyeh 5571: 5569: 5562: 5558: 5557: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5509: 5507: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5482:Yitzhar Hofman 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5448: 5446: 5439: 5432: 5426: 5425: 5422: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5415: 5414: 5406: 5404: 5400: 5399: 5397: 5396: 5391: 5384: 5377: 5368: 5366: 5362: 5361: 5359: 5358: 5357: 5356: 5345: 5343: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5318:A/RES/ES-10/22 5315: 5310: 5308:A/RES/ES-10/21 5304: 5302: 5301:UN resolutions 5298: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5285:D-Chowk Dharna 5279: 5278: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5237: 5235:United Kingdom 5232: 5231: 5230: 5220: 5219: 5218: 5210: 5209: 5208: 5200: 5199: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5177: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5122: 5121: 5110: 5108: 5107:Discrimination 5104: 5103: 5101: 5100: 5095: 5089: 5087: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5045:European Union 5042: 5037: 5032: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5014: 5012: 5003: 5002: 5001: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4978: 4968: 4963: 4962: 4961: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4942:Misinformation 4939: 4932:Media coverage 4929: 4924: 4923: 4922: 4917: 4912: 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4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4268:Flour massacre 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4244: 4242: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4234: 4233: 4232: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4206: 4205: 4200: 4190: 4184: 4182: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4129: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4076: 4075: 4065: 4064: 4063: 4052: 4050: 4039: 4038: 4037: 4036: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4010: 4008: 3998: 3997: 3994: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3971:Death Shelters 3968: 3963: 3957: 3955: 3954:General topics 3951: 3950: 3948: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3921: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3912: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3865: 3864: 3854: 3849: 3843: 3841: 3834: 3821: 3813: 3812: 3810: 3809: 3804: 3798: 3795: 3794: 3789: 3787: 3786: 3779: 3772: 3764: 3757: 3756: 3739: 3704: 3687: 3630: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3586: 3580: 3567: 3561: 3543: 3537: 3521: 3515: 3493: 3487: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3440: 3428: 3426:", 5 May 2003. 3408: 3393: 3374: 3348: 3322: 3297: 3271: 3254: 3235: 3204: 3184: 3172: 3154: 3143:. 25 July 2014 3125: 3099: 3082: 3056: 3036: 2999: 2978: 2952: 2934: 2916: 2895: 2869: 2849: 2827: 2809: 2787: 2765: 2748: 2729: 2711: 2708:. 19 May 2022. 2697: 2675: 2644: 2617: 2597: 2566: 2535: 2496: 2467: 2441: 2425: 2393: 2361: 2329: 2297: 2264: 2234: 2201: 2165: 2141: 2124: 2108: 2084: 2054: 2028: 2000: 1975: 1934: 1904: 1871: 1831: 1808: 1802:. p. 25. 1788: 1755: 1683: 1671: 1642: 1616: 1594: 1564: 1542: 1511: 1488: 1473: 1461: 1446: 1431:. 25 July 2014 1414: 1388: 1386:, p. 215. 1376: 1364: 1352: 1332: 1306: 1280: 1267: 1249: 1212: 1186: 1161: 1159:13 August 2024 1142: 1107: 1080: 1055: 1043: 1031: 1029:, p. 778. 1019: 996: 975: 944: 918: 911: 888: 876: 864: 862:, p. 170. 852: 839: 838: 836: 833: 832: 831: 824: 821: 790: 787: 682: 681: 664:September 2024 641: 639: 632: 625: 620:Main article: 617: 614: 577: 574: 502: 499: 471: 468: 433: 430: 422:United Nations 371: 368: 340: 337: 294:Arik Ascherman 249:. The Israeli 219: 216: 191: 188: 169: 166: 156: 153: 75: 74: 44: 42: 35: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6240: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6223:2014 Gaza War 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6178: 6170: 6169: 6166: 6159: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6130: 6126: 6123: 6119: 6116: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6099: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6087:Blockout 2024 6085: 6083: 6080: 6077: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6049: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6009: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5974: 5972: 5968: 5965: 5959: 5949: 5948:Friendly fire 5946: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5934: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5896: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5846: 5844: 5840: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5744:Rashid Dabour 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5729:Mohammad Bhar 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5694:Hiba Abu Nada 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5652: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5640:Alaa Shreiteh 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5605:Mohammed Deif 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5595:Wissam Farhat 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5563: 5559: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5543:Vivian Silver 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5528:Ofir Libstein 5526: 5524: 5523:Hayim Katsman 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5472:Salman Habaka 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5462:Jayar Davidov 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5452:Alim Abdallah 5450: 5449: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5413: 5412: 5408: 5407: 5405: 5401: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5389: 5385: 5383: 5382: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5370: 5369: 5367: 5365:Global courts 5363: 5355: 5352: 5351: 5350: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5340: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5270:Protest votes 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5242: 5241: 5240:United States 5238: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5226: 5225: 5224: 5221: 5217: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5170: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5115: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 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