Humanitarian impact of the Russo-Georgian War

1290:, self-propelled artillery, mortars and howitzers against South Ossetian targets during the initial phase of the conflict. The South Ossetian parliament and several schools and nurseries were used as military posts by South Ossetian troops and volunteer militias and targeted by Georgian artillery fire. Georgia stated that its strikes only intended to "neutralize firing positions from where Georgian positions were being targeted". HRW documented witness accounts of the usage of civilian objects by South Ossetian fighters. Such usage made civilian objects permissible military aims, and HRW concluded that South Ossetian fighters put non-combatant population at risk by setting up military positions near or in civilian structures. Georgia was responsible for the indiscriminate use of force by using inaccurate weapons to target military targets in civilian areas. HRW noted that many civilians had left Tskhinvali before 7 August 2008. HRW reported that no charges of mistreatment by Georgian troops were leveled by most South Ossetian residents and Georgian forces were seemingly checking only for militants. 1249:

the Russian involvement in the conflict in Georgia was this large number of fatalities. Public opinion among Ossetians was impacted by claims of high casualties; according to HRW, some Ossetian civilians said in interviews that they approved of burning and pillaging of Georgian villages because of the "thousands of civilian casualties in South Ossetia" announced by Russian television. In December 2008, the figures were revised down to a total of 162 South Ossetian casualties by the Investigative Committee of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation. However, it is not known whether the Investigative Committee of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation discerned militiamen from civilians. The Public Investigation Commission on War Crimes in South Ossetia counted 365 civilian deaths as of 8 November 2008, but the representative of the Public Investigation Commission on War Crimes in South Ossetia stated that the commission did not separate militiamen from civilian victims of the war.

927:(HRW), Georgian forces employed unnecessarily excess force in the beginning of the conflict. Russia deliberately attacked fleeing civilians in South Ossetia and the Gori district of Georgia. Russian warplanes bombed civilian population centres in Georgia proper and villages of ethnic Georgians in South Ossetia. Armed militias engaged in plundering, burning and kidnappings. Attacks by militias compelled Georgian civilians to run away. HRW said the conflict was a civilian disaster and called for international organisations to send fact-finding missions to the area of conflict. It also asked for the officials to hold people responsible for any wrongdoing accountable. HRW found out in the Ossetian village of Khetagurovo that some Georgian troops did not know that civilians had not left Khetagurovo. HRW noted that there were no complaints by Khetagurovo residents about mistreatment by Georgian troops, who were checking for militants and weapons. 1052: 1064: 62: 802: 223: 688:

South Ossetia observed at least four ethnic Georgian villages being destroyed. Plunder was also witnessed. A HRW researcher said that the remaining Georgian people there were in "desperate" situation. According to the international law, attacks on civilian property and looting are war crimes. On 13 August, an interviewed South Ossetian officer acknowledged that the South Ossetian forces burned these houses "to make sure that they can’t come back." HRW also learned from an Ossetian officer about the

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on Tskhinvali and the assaults on Georgian villages by South Ossetian militia and criminal gangs." The report said that rockets struck the main Tskhinvali hospital, some residential areas in Tskhinvali were "completely destroyed" and "the main building of the Russian peace keeping force as well as the base's medical dispensary had been hit by heavy artillery." South Ossetian militia and criminals had razed villages with ethnic-Georgian majorities between

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noted that Russian military took part in the extensive marauding of Georgian villages and seemingly safeguarded South Ossetians during the campaign against Georgian villages. HRW concluded that the aim of the South Ossetian actions during the war was an ethnic cleansing. Russian advance into undisputed Georgia from South Ossetia was trailed by South Ossetian forces, who began attacking Georgian civilians and homes in undisputed Georgia.

1150:, saying "he use of heavy weapons and cluster munitions, creating grave risks for civilians, constituted a disproportionate use of armed force by Georgia, albeit within its own territory, and as such a violation of international humanitarian law". The Assembly stated that "differences about the role of EU monitors in the so-called “buffer zone” may lead to an even further deterioration of the security situation in this area". 823:

witnessed armed looters, but Russian forces did not prevent them from pillaging. Civilian victims asserted that the Russian army stood by as the militias were abusing civilians and pillaging. Russian forces did not try to curb the militias. According to witnesses, rape of women also took place. British journalists wrote: "The militia gangs were part of a murderous wave unleashed by Russia last week on Georgian civilians."

216: 672: 1388:"massive civilian casualties among population", which "has risen to two thousand people." It looks like the Russian President and the Prime Minister were playing for time and waited until the number of victims reached 2000, to qualify the incident as genocide and accuse Georgia, more precisely President Saakashvili, in crimes against the civilian population and to request the Hague Tribunal for him." 568: 237: 1294:

found out that there were some possibly deliberate attacks on civilian cars by Russian military and found evidence of Russian tanks attacking civilian buildings. HRW further stated that Russia's massive failure to safeguard law and security in South Ossetia under its obligation as an occupying power enabled South Ossetians to massively attack Georgian properties and civilians.

1366:, the Representative of the United Nations' Secretary-General on the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons, visited South Ossetia on 5–6 November 2009. He called for the return of all displaced persons and refugees to South Ossetia. He noted that the reconstruction work was slow and part of the South Ossetian population did not have shelter. 1192:

attacks on civilians continued in the Georgian villages bordering South Ossetia. More than 2,000 Georgians had already left the occupied Akhalgori district due to pressure and the military commandant of the Russian troops in South Ossetia confirmed that the South Ossetian separatists had an intention to expel the Georgian population.

614:, officially confirmed that the alleged ethnic cleansing of South Ossetia was in fact committed against ethnic Georgians. He also said the Ossetians were not going to permit them to come back. South Ossetian leader said that the majority of the Georgian-controlled villages "had been virtually flattened." 1293:

HRW commented on the conduct of war by Russia that Russian attacks, carried out with bombers and artillery, killed or wounded civilians in Georgia, including areas outside of South Ossetia. HRW said that it was possible that Russians carried out intentional attacks on civilian targets in Georgia. HRW

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and local Georgian archbishop. He confirmed that the Georgian villages in South Ossetia were deliberately burned. He said that some marauders were women and some Georgian residents were killed if they resisted robbing. After the Russian withdrawal from the buffer zone on 9 October 2008, marauding and

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of a Georgian combatant, and that the looters, who were "everywhere" in the Georgian villages in South Ossetia, were "now moving to Gori". By 14 August, already after the official ceasefire, many international media outlets reported Georgian government and refugee stories that Ossetian and often also

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commented on Russian "rampage" on 13 August: "What we are seeing is classic Balkan-type and WWII-type ethnic cleansing and purification campaigns." On 15 August, the UNHCR said that according to Georgia, up to 15,000 ethnic Georgians had departed South Ossetia for the rest of Georgia. As of 15 August

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Several South Ossetian women told HRW on 12 August that Georgian soldiers they had met did not want to attack the civilians and apparently only militias and hostiles were their targets. On 13 August, Human Rights Watch said that Georgian villagers in South Ossetia were threatened due to the conscious

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had counted the number of recorded South Ossetian refugees by 10 August 2008, which stood at 24,032; however, some of those refugees had been logged several times due to frequent travel and after Russia's full-scale invasion of Georgia, 11,190 of those refugees returned to South Ossetia, some of them

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issued a report, "Human Rights in Areas Affected by the South Ossetia Conflict", stating that during the conflict "a very large number of people had been victimised. More than half of the population in South Ossetia fled, the overwhelming majority of them after the Georgian artillery and tank attack

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visited the Georgian villages located between Gori and Tskhinvali and witnessed the situation indicating "ethnic anger and a sustained, often unchecked period of looting." The plundering and burning of Georgian villages in South Ossetia continued in late August, with an AP reporter witnessing ravage

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against civilian sheltered in basements. He also claimed that "hundreds of houses" were obliterated by Georgians and a pregnant woman shot in the head had been found. Bastrykin claimed in early September that while so far only 134 civilian casualties had been documented, such low number did not mean

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wrote that there was "little evidence of a high death toll." The WSJ reported that "the only dead bodies on show in Tskhinvali were those of five Georgian soldiers." On 20 August, the number of dead civilians identified was put by Russian official investigators at 133; The new reduced estimate was a

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HRW also documented South Ossetian multiple breaches of humanitarian law and ethnic cleansing of Georgians, stating that South Ossetian forces and militias destroyed those villages in South Ossetia loyal to the government of Georgia in an organized way and assaulted the villagers present there. HRW

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were "virtually fully burnt down". Neither South Ossetian authorities nor Russian forces did not protect the Georgian properties and civilians. Memorial said that it was "impossible" to verify the South Ossetian allegations of "thousands of killed" and also reported that "we learnt that most of the

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by the Georgians and RBK 250 cluster bombs by the Russians resulted in civilian casualties. Georgia was reported to have used cluster munitions twice to hit civilians fleeing via the main escape road and admitted using cluster bombs against Russian troops and near the Roki Tunnel. Hammarberg voiced

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reported that around 40 Georgian civilian hostages, mostly elderly men, were marched in Tskhinvali and mistreated by South Ossetians. On 18 August, South Ossetian leaders put the number of the hostages at more than 130, about half of them females and mostly former Georgian workers. The Article 3 of

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reporter witnessed looting around Gori by South Ossetian militias. Russian forces mostly endorsed looting, with one Russian officer yelling to "take whatever you want". Vehicles were even carjacked from the international officials by paramilitaries while Russian soldiers observed. According to HRW,

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Thomas Hammarberg reported in early September 2008 that 133 confirmed deaths was received by the commissioner from Russian authorities. Russian authorities initially claimed that up to 2,000 ethnic Ossetian civilians of Tskhinvali were killed by Georgian forces; according to Russia, the reason for

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On 5 September 2008, the ambassadors of Sweden, Latvia and Estonia attempted to visit Russian-occupied Georgian villages near South Ossetia on September 5 with the purpose of delivering aid and evaluation of the humanitarian situation in the area. But the ambassadors were unable to carry out their

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In late October 2008, the BBC reported that according to the Ossetians, Georgian troops could have perpetrated war crimes during the battle of Tskhinvali, such as possible intentional attacks on civilians. BBC witnessed proof of the organised destruction of Georgian villages in South Ossetia. BBC

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on 1 September that Russian military was now denying South Ossetian irregulars entry into the "buffer zone". Anna Neistat of HRW stated in early September that marauding was continuing in the Georgian villages located in the uncontrolled buffer zone between Gori and South Ossetia. Journalist for

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journalists toured by the Russian military through Tskhinvali; while a Russian army officer claimed that the combat had caused some houses to burn for several days, in fact none of the buildings was on fire before the hostilities in Tskhinvali had ended by 11 August. On 12 August, HRW workers in

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said that the Georgian shelling of Russian peacekeepers and civilian population warranted Russian air raids on Georgia. On 12 August 2008, the central square was bombed in Gori after the Georgian military had left Gori on 11 August. The bombing killed civilians, among them a Dutch journalist, and

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According to the testimonies of eye-witnesses, massive missile and bomb strikes by the Russian aircraft caused the bulk of the damage during the fighting in South Ossetia and Tskhinvali was shelled by Russian Grad MRLRs. One analyst suggested that Russia was responsible for the deaths of at least

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claimed that at least 2,000 civilians were killed in Tskhinvali, adding that "The city of Tskhinvali doesn't exist anymore." According to western journalist who toured in Tskhinvali along with other western journalists by the Russian military on 12 August, there was hardly any proof that Georgian

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Alan Chochiev, the chairman of the Popular Front of South Ossetia "Adamon Nykhas" puts forward the following question: if genocide was taking place, why didn’t the president of Russia order the 58th Army to prevent the tragedy, and only on 10th of August, Medvedev began to be indignant about the

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On 15 September 208, Human Rights Watch called for unimpeded access to the so-called "security zone" near South Ossetia for the EU mission. The Georgian police was barred from entering the villages in the Gori area. Uprooted Georgian civilians could not return to the area either due to destroyed

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The Russian army created a buffer area between Gori and South Ossetia. By 28 August 2008, the refugees recently returned to the villages north of Gori, which were still under the Russian military control, had to flee a renewed harassment by the South Ossetian militias. 2,300 people from the area

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According to a doctor at Tskhinvali hospital, the hospital handled 273 injured (predominantly military) from 6 to 12 August, and received forty-four bodies (the majority of Ossetians killed in Tskhinvali). According to a later report by the Russian blogger, he asked the same doctor: "Could there

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reported from Gori on 18 August that Russian troops had reportedly told Georgian civilians fleeing South Ossetia: "Putin has given us an order that everyone must be either shot or forced to leave". Georgians from South Ossetia described how their neighbours had been killed by Ossetian militants

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said that it was "difficult to verify" such "consistent" reports due to Russian control of the area. The new waves of Georgian refugees bringing reports of the widespread pillage and "revenge" killings in the territories occupied by the Russian forces kept coming over the next days. Reporters

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On 18 August 2008, the South Ossetians alleged that Georgian troops had abducted 500 Ossetian persons from Tskhinvali. The Georgian government responded that they did not have any Ossetian in detention. By 20 August, the South Ossetian estimate was scaled down to some 170 "peaceful citizens"

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On 9 October 2008, an analysis of satellite images of the conflict zone was published which demonstrated that during the Russian capture of the area, the burning of numerous houses in Georgian villages had taken place from 10 August to 19 August 2008. Amnesty International noted that the

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Human Rights Watch (HRW) visited the mostly desolate Tskhinvali on 13 August 2008 and reported that "numerous" buildings had been affected by the war, adding that some buildings had been attacked by "inherently indiscriminate" weapons normally not used in civilian zones. Such weapons are

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released a 69-page report detailing serious international-law violations by Georgia and Russia. The Amnesty representative commented on the "buffer zone" that the "twilight zone" had appeared near the borders of South Ossetia. In response to the report, Russian foreign ministry official

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According to western journalists who had begun arriving in the city and were toured by the Russian military on 12 August, some urban areas "seemed to have little damage", while Tskhinvali's government area took the severe blow. Tskhinvali hospital was minimally damaged.

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stated that the expulsion of ethnic Georgians from South Ossetia had been planned and called upon the court to investigate the war crimes. Bensouda said she possessed proof that peacekeepers had been killed by both Georgians and Ossetians. Justice Minister of Georgia

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witnessed how the militants were razing the burned Georgian houses in the Georgian villages of Tamarasheni, Kvemo Achabeti, Zemo Achabeti and Kurta within South Ossetia. Russian tour guide told foreign journalists that "Georgian special commandos burned the houses."

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that the Russian investigators had been working for 3 weeks, but still did not manage to increase the South Ossetian death toll of 132 to the detriment of Eduard Kokoity and the Russian Foreign Ministry and that the vast majority of the casualties were militants.

446:" perpetrated by Georgia against the Ossetian people. South Ossetian officials claimed 200 civilian corpses had been discovered while Russian investigators had found 60 dead civilians. While Russia was accusing Georgia of committing "genocide" in South Ossetia, 439:

exaggeration of South Ossetian casualties by the Russian authorities. HRW representative also said: "By day five of a conflict one normally expects that there is some kind of list of the dead and injured, or at least an indication of their age and gender."

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On 16 August, HRW appealed to Russian officials to halt Ossetian reprisals against Georgians in the Gori district and for the Russian army to guarantee freedom of movement for civilians evacuating the area and the operation of humanitarian aid agencies.

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and caused many fatalities among civilians. HRW, summarizing its findings, said: "Which party started the conflict has no bearing on parties' obligations to adhere to international humanitarian and human rights law and to hold violators accountable."

745:, ethnic Georgian civilians in South Ossetia were "detained for their own protection" and were expelled to the Georgian side. One South Ossetian militiaman was quoted as saying: "This is not looting, this is trophies." On 25 August 2008, reporter for 316:

that "almost all of the buildings seen in an afternoon driving around Tskhinvali were still standing." He further noted that Tskhinvali "was scarred but still standing" while Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

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published report on an initial damage assessment on 19 August, based on satellite images of Gori. Total number of buildings that were classified as affected by Russian air raid, was 33, of which 18 were destroyed, and 15 were severely damaged. The

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2008, some 73,000 uprooted people were present in Georgia proper. By 17 August 2008, many refugees in Tbilisi were jammed into provisional dwellings lacking any utilities and had no belongings with them, except the clothing on them. On 19 August,

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On 18 September 2008, Taymuraz Khugaev, Prosecutor General of South Ossetia, claimed that Georgian marauders were looting the Georgian villages near South Ossetia and that the Georgian villages inside South Ossetia were still standing undamaged.

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on 1 September that he had seen "the worst ethnic cleansing since the war in the Balkans", while the Russian army did not hinder a South Ossetian attempt "to create a mono-ethnic greater South Ossetia in which Georgians no longer exist".

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The Red Cross stated on 12 August that it was "still too early" to state the exact number of casualties, with deputy director of operations Dominik Stillhart saying that they had to cope with a large number of killed and injured people.

880:) journalists embedded with the Russian and Ossetian forces reported that irregulars were abusing and executing captured Georgian soldiers and suspected combatants captured during the "mopping-up operation" in South Ossetia and beyond. 662:

and were willing to live in South Ossetia, were coerced into obtaining a Russian passport. Many displaced persons were able to go back to their homes after the war, but a year later around 30,000 ethnic Georgians were still uprooted.

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said on 15 August that "If Moscow considers that Saakashvili should stand before the Hague tribunal, then let it first send Putin and his generals who are guilty in the mass murder of peaceful residents on the territory of the

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expeditions trying to help civilians, with only the United Nations (UN) managing to bring limited food provisions to the city. The humanitarian conditions in Gori by 16 August was assessed as "desperate" by the United Nations.

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In November 2008, HRW reported on the humanitarian situation in Akhalgori. Deputy director of the Moscow office of HRW, Tanya Lokshina, said: "South Ossetian militias are running wild attacking ethnic Georgians in Akhalgori."

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north of Gori were recorded as internally displaced in Gori. It was reported that 18 Russian checkpoints had been established between Gori and South Ossetia which hindered the return of displaced persons. Journalist wrote for

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researcher Tatyana Lokshina said that the civilian casualties of the war were seemingly "fewer than 100" and that South Ossetian claims of 1,500 civilian casualties probably contained militiamen and some injured civilians.

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in early September that "the first thing that strikes" inside the 20-km wide "security zone" adjacent to South Ossetia is "the almost total lack of people". Russian military was not allowing the humanitarian mission of the

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Russo-Georgian battle in Tskhinvali during the war had possibly resulted in most damage of the city by the end of large-scale conflict by 10 August; however, Georgian villages near Tskhinvali were damaged after the war.

762:" in September 2008. The reporter could not find neither humans nor the livestock in one Georgian village and witnessed that not a single building had been spared from arson attacks. The few last Georgian civilians told 773:

observed in early September that large vehicles had been crashed into some robbed structures in the Russian-occupied Georgian villages near South Ossetia. Journalist observed that Russian military had not allowed the

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was quoted as saying that Ossetian marauders were slaughtering "poor" Georgians and Russian forces would punish those responsible for such crimes. South Ossetian leader Eduard Kokoity admitted in an interview with

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On 15 August, the UNHCR said at least 30,000 people had arrived in North Ossetia from South Ossetia, with total number of displaced people (both Ossetians and Georgians) now standing at 115,000. On 16 August 2008,

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organization, said that South Ossetian forces violated human rights during the war. Russian forces sometimes protected the civilians, however, they did not actively curb marauding even after multiple requests by

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and assaulting Georgian properties as well as abducting civilians; however, after finding out about Ossetian assaults on those who did escape, the Georgians did not dare to leave. Russian forces turned back some

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following Russian military. Journalist Michael J. Totten was told by one Georgian refugee that she had been told by Russian military that Georgians would be killed if they didn't abandon their homes. The Finnish

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satellite images to prove the rampant arson of ethnic-Georgian villages by Ossetian militia in South Ossetia. According to witnesses, Russian tanks attacked Georgian houses in Tamarasheni on 10 August.

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The International Committee of the Red Cross managed to enter South Ossetia by 21 August. Georgian authorities reported that the Georgian casualties in Georgia proper were 215 killed and 1400 injured.

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other pro-Russian irregulars (including reports of Cossack and Chechen paramilitaries) were looting and burning Georgian villages in South Ossetia and near Gori. There was looting in the town of Gori.

543:; civilians continued to be killed and injured due to contact with unexploded cluster munitions long after the original bombings. Russia denied using cluster bombs, in spite of overwhelming proof. 1353:

South Ossetian opposition reported in August 2009 that the residents of South Ossetia were scavenging the construction materials and fruits in the abandoned Georgian villages north of Tskhinvali.

1232:. During the war, Georgia opened the humanitarian corridor on the Zar road and fleeing South Ossetian civilians were caught in the artillery duel between Georgian and Ossetian forces in Java. 4046: 4084: 3026: 1445:, and Presidential Representative for Human Rights of South Ossetia, at the relevant time. The fourth suspect, Russian general Vyacheslav Borisov, was not indicted as he had died in 2021. 1048:

reported, "now the Ossetians are making sure will never return." According to the BBC, South Ossetian and Russian allegations of perpetration of genocide "now seem wildly exaggerated."

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the road linking Tskhinvali to Java had been closed by Russian forces as anti-plunder measure on 13 August, and HRW investigators did not detect fires there by 14 August while Georgia's

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visited the war-affected area in Georgia in late August and accused the Russian troops of "clearly trying to empty southern Ossetia of Georgians." On 27 August, French foreign minister

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said that Georgia was cooperating with Bensouda. The International Criminal Court started an official investigation in February 2016, which was the court's first investigation outside

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According to one estimate, the pre-war population of ethnic Georgians living in South Ossetia was 18,000 people. This represented up to one quarter of South Ossetia's population.

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was quoted as saying on 19 August 2008 that many "thugs" from Southern Russia had gone to Georgia as volunteers and they were responsible for marauding the toilet seats in Gori.

289:, Estonian adviser to Georgian president, alleged by 13 August 2008 that Russia was not allowing international missions into Tskhinvali so the people under the rubble would die. 4935: 351:

could have been responsible for wrecking several rooms of the Tskhinvali hospital. One doctor told Human Rights Watch that all the wounded had to be relocated to the basement.

4599:"Case Concerning Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Georgia v. Russian Federation) Order of 2 December 2008" 1808: 2253: 775: 504:

wounded Israeli journalist. This cluster bombing of Gori killed at least eight civilians and wounded dozens. The cluster attack on the Georgian town of Ruisi, located in the

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acknowledged this, saying that the Georgians "are cleaning up after themselves". Russian military officer said he would detain an AP photographer in case of photoshooting.

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of Georgians was occurring behind Russian lines. The Georgian villages located south of Tskhinvali underwent the bombardment before the Russian advance. Georgian president

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In 2009, Open Society Georgia Foundation published the report on atrocities committed during August–September 2008, where the Georgian witnesses' accounts were included.

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Petar Kanev, chairman of the group for Bulgarian-Russian Friendship in the National Assembly, claimed that he did not see any military object hit by the Georgian army.

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military intentionally attacked civilians and some Ossetian civilians admitted that the probable main targets of the Georgian military were the government buildings.

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Russian media reported on 9 August that several journalists in Tskhinvali had gone into hiding as they appealed to the international community for right of passage.

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stated that Russia and South Ossetia had to confirm the atrocities committed in South Ossetia and urged Russia to agree to the international investigation.

343:. HRW could not "definitely" lay blame for the wreckage either on Georgia or Russia due to the use of the exactly same Soviet armaments by both countries. 4331: 423:

in South Ossetia to move the injured civilians out. The International Red Cross had information on 9 August that Tskhinvali hospitals were "overflowing".

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of Georgian properties in at least six settlements from 22 August through 28 August. It was also reported that according to South Ossetian official

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reported on 15 August that Tskhinvali had not suffered severe damage from the war. Western journalist visited Tskhinvali on 17 August and wrote for

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The International Criminal Court concluded its investigation in the Situation in Georgia in December 2022, delivering arrest warrants for three

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into the zone. HRW has recorded several attacks on civilian transports by Russian troops in the Gori district resulting in civilian casualties.

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Georgia and South Ossetia have filed complaints about alleged war crimes committed by the other side with international courts, including the

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Mayor of Tskhinvali Robert Guliev claimed on 12 August 2008 that almost 70% of Tskhinvali buildings were damaged or destroyed. Russian deputy

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to Tskhinvali, saw the Georgian villages north of Tskhinvali, which had been "a showcase of Georgian democracy" before the war. He wrote for

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into the "security zone" because Russian military was not "eager for witnesses to view the results of the destruction they have promoted."

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that genocide did not happen. In August 2009, it was announced that the investigation of the "genocide" was extended until February 2010.

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HRW reported that no proof of intentional attacks on non-combatants by Georgian troops had been discovered. Georgian forces used Grad

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reported that its correspondent witnessed the remains of the Russian ballistic missile in the corn field in the village of Sinaguri.

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Vladimir Blank said that about 20 percent of Tskhinvali's some 7,000 buildings had been damaged and 10 percent were "beyond repair".

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accused the Russian forces of "ethnic cleansing, creating a homogeneous South Ossetia." British journalist Luke Harding wrote for

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responded to the report by rejecting the Russian usage of cluster bombs because "There is no need to do so." Georgian doctors in

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declared that the Russian forces were going to ethnically cleanse all Georgians in Akhalgori during the night of 27 August.

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On 26 August 2008, Russian investigator claimed that proof of "genocide" of the South Ossetian people had been discovered.

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In September 2009, the EU commission said it was likely that during the hostilities and in the aftermath of the war, an

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treated the victims of cluster bombing. On 21 August 2008, HRW reported that unexploded cluster munitions were left in

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On 14 August 2008, the Russian authorities reported that more than 12 thousand refugees had returned to South Ossetia.

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magazine published the account of the Georgian soldier, who was tortured during his imprisonment by South Ossetians.

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and the ceasefire agreement. On 8 September, international aid missions were barred from entering Georgian villages.

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his concern about the security situation in the Russian-controlled "buffer zone" between Tskhinvali and Karaleti.

61: 4226: 4196: 4085:"Human Rights in Areas Affected by the South Ossetia Conflict. Special Mission to Georgia and Russian Federation" 3876: 973: 593:

commented on the situation north of Gori that the ethnic cleansing was "strikingly apparent". On 20 August 2008,

17: 980:

On 5 September 2008, the first international delegation consisting of pro-Russian Members of Parliament visited

4327: 1426:

requested warrants of arrest of South Ossetian officials on the charges of abuse of ethnic Georgian civilians.

1287: 844: 340: 199: 3526: 2960: 2622: 1727: 1168:

called on both Georgia and Russia to refrain from racial discrimination and provide humanitarian assistance.

3316: 3049: 1868: 1610: 953: 731:

that there was looting in the Georgian villages. However, he added that "this is a consequence of any war."

448: 306: 2383: 44: 4114: 2468: 2305: 1372:

In April 2010, Georgia submitted a claim to the European Court of Human Rights on behalf of the family of

1176: 571:

Refugees from South Ossetia asking for help outside the Georgian Parliament in Tbilisi on August 10, 2008.

513: 2568: 2173:Глава СКП РФ Бастрыкин призвал не спекулировать на тему численности жертв в ЮО: главное не сколько, а как 1842: 993: 4439: 3646: 3438: 3258: 2912: 2766: 2320: 1520:Эстонский советник Саакашвили: Причина войны - преуспевание Грузии в урегулировании отношений с Абхазией 1433:

South Ossetian officials believed to bear responsibility for war crimes committed during the 2008 war —

1203: 912: 801: 594: 420: 312: 189: 3680: 2897: 359: 4305: 1327:, "Now showcase is shattered. From splendor only asphalt has remained. The villages no longer exist." 1211:

suggested that it was "too late" to conduct an investigation into violations of the humanitraian law.

435:

possibly be 2,000 dead?" The doctor answered him: "If you’re counting the entire district, then yes."

4604:. Reports of Judgments, Advisory Opinions, and Orders. International Court of Justice. Archived from 3594: 1938: 1441:, respectively, holding the positions of Minister of Internal Affairs, head of a detention centre in 1373: 1001: 427: 793:, now controlled and annexed by the South Ossetian authorities, was spared from plunder and razing. 453:

tenth of the original fatality rate. Nevertheless, South Ossetian officials said 1,492 people died.

4403: 3293: 3243: 2257: 2210: 2023: 1655: 1330:

Nearly one year after the conflict, more than 400 deaths in the war had been confirmed by Georgia.

1143: 1031: 894: 710: 583: 532: 505: 461: 318: 4302:"AAAS Analysis of Satellite Images Finds Hundreds of Structures Damaged in South Ossetia Fighting" 683:

On 12 August 2008, fires and plundering in the abandoned ethnic Georgian settlements were seen by

4373:Международный Суд ООН призвал Грузию и Россию воздерживаться от любых актов расовой дискриминации 4178: 3988: 3897: 3796: 3628: 3338: 2586: 2472: 2410: 2301: 1961: 1745: 1709: 1275: 1208: 1188: 1180: 1127: 1089: 1081: 924: 852: 736: 723: 659: 524: 344: 53: 36: 5061: 5057:

Ethnic Cleansing of Georgians Resulted from Russian Invasion and Occupation since August 8, 2008

4773: 4175:"Violations of Human Rights and Norms of Humanitarian law in the Conflict Zone in South Ossetia" 3624: 3522: 3201: 3160: 2986: 2276: 2155: 1022: 1016: 716: 689: 540: 215: 39:

had a huge humanitarian impact on the lives of civilians. In the aftermath of the war, ethnic

3792: 3182: 2686: 2667: 2234: 1957: 1741: 834:

in Tskhinvali under armed guard of Ossetians and Russians; South Ossetia's interior minister

4050: 3766: 3650: 3390: 3360: 1606: 1434: 1423: 1335: 1113:

homes or out of fear. New wave of the burning of Georgian homes had begun in South Ossetia.

943: 876: 861: 835: 827: 808: 697: 684: 632: 579: 559:

report does not specify whether the damage was inflicted to military or civilian buildings.

509: 3560: 3394: 2424: 1762: 4328:"Amnesty International Satellite Images Reveal Damage to South Ossetian Villages After..." 3929: 3312: 3224: 3126: 3103: 2823: 2358: 1307: 1229: 965: 628: 204: 4805: 4357: 2406: 2189:Расследование дела о геноциде граждан России в Южной Осетии продлено до февраля 2010 года 1705: 1534: 1363: 1346:, who had been injured in Gori in August 2008, submitted a lawsuit against Russia to the 1343: 3854: 1976: 1632: 1199:

in November 2008 that according to his calculations, only 70 people died in Tskhinvali.

4443: 3912: 3027:"South Ossetian police tell Georgians to take a Russian passport, or leave their homes" 2618: 2171: 1766: 1412: 1407: 1311: 997: 742: 605: 499:

and residential premises were damaged. Civilians were killed. Russian Foreign Minister

1120:

On 21 September 2008, HRW published a report on abuse of captive Georgian servicemen.

1000:

stated that he "did not understand the military purpose of the action." The Bulgarian

5231: 5183:

Total Destruction of Georgian Village of Eredvi in South Ossetia by Ossetian Fascists

4557: 4555: 4553: 3817: 1220: 1073: 1035: 870: 812: 747: 720: 500: 496: 372: 364: 229: 4605: 4419: 3984:Международная парламентская делегация впервые посетила зону конфликта в Южной Осетии 1580: 1245:

that president Eduard Kokoity personally beat the captive Georgian prisoner of war.

4750: 4541: 4527: 4210: 3968: 3423: 3205: 3186: 3009:"Russia/Georgia: All Parties in August/South Ossetia Conflict Violated Laws of War" 2701: 2238: 2187: 2018: 1921: 1228:

artillery had been deployed on the Zar road before August 2008 in violation of the

1158: 1147: 985: 831: 705: 589: 528: 326: 4921: 4476:

Amnesty International подсчитала грузинских беженцев из зоны осетинского конфликта

4388: 3471: 3259:"Russian pullback in doubt as Condoleezza Rice and US aid troops head for Georgia" 2743: 2446: 2116: 1674: 1558: 567: 531:; rights group urged Russia to halt using the prohibited weapons. Russian General 700:

promised that Russia would adopt a firm stance on looting; according to Russia's

5056: 4821: 4640: 4099: 3645:

Dmitry Beliakov; Sarah Baxter; Matthew Campbell; Nicola Smith (17 August 2008).

3500: 3082: 2849: 2739: 2644: 2600: 2112: 2038: 1907: 1318: 1101: 930: 759: 392: 5051: 4844: 4371: 4137: 3821: 2942: 1496: 304:

reported that the term "wiped off from the Earth" did not apply to Tskhinvali.

5223:

Ethnic Cleansing of Georgians in Tskhinvali Region/South Ossetia - August 2008

5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5088: 5083: 5066: 4713: 4691: 4570: 4457: 3334: 3107: 1442: 1279: 1241: 1027: 981: 610: 322: 4869: 4669: 1008:

mission because they were stopped at Russian checkpoints in violation of the

442:

On 14 August, Russian and South Ossetian prosecutors started to investigate "

5020:"Situation in Georgia: ICC Pre-Trial Chamber delivers three arrest warrants" 4474: 4182: 4078: 4076: 4074: 4072: 3262: 2543: 1838: 1724:"Security Council meets again to discuss violence in South Ossetia, Georgia" 1518: 1130:

said on 25 September 2008 that there had been no genocide in South Ossetia.

790: 754: 671: 618: 286: 40: 4807:Голландский журналист, раненный в Гори, подал на Россию в Страсбурсгкий суд 4133:На грузинское село в Южной Осетии упала тактическая ракета «Точка-У» (фото) 2565:"Georgian Troops Withdraw from South Ossetia, Russia Bombs Tbilisi Airport" 2088: 1792: 818:

Some of the emerging stories featured reports of atrocities. On 14 August,

407:

put the number of refugees present in North Ossetia at over 10,000 people.

3945: 3931:Глава МИД Франции: Этой ночью в Ахалгори будут проведены этнические чистки 2407:"Russian Attacks in Georgia Show Need for Convention on Cluster Munitions" 1235:

In December 2008, former Secretary of the South Ossetian Security Council

1195:

Chairman of the Union of South Ossetian journalists Batradz Kharebov told

1172:

interviewed one of the South Ossetian combatants who gave a tip on arson.

908:, accusing Russia of carrying out ethnic cleansing between 1993 and 2008. 4871:Представитель Генсека ООН выступил за возвращение беженцев в Южную Осетию 3835: 3504: 2853: 2549: 2094: 2042: 1554: 1473: 1323: 917: 819: 701: 469: 443: 222: 194: 4727: 4490: 3992: 2254:"Georgia conflict: Screams of the injured rise from residential streets" 1977:"Russia exaggerating South Ossetian death toll, says human rights group" 1582:Масштаб разрушений в Цхинвали: 10% домов разрушено, еще 20% - повреждено 5198:

Russian troops goes through Tamarasheni village burned out by Ossetians

5084:

RUSSIAN SOLDIERS MARAUDING IN GEORGIA. РУССКИЕ МАРОДЕРСТВУЮТ В ГРУЗИИ 1

4937:Преступления в Цхинвальском регионе в 2008г были частью плана — Бенсуда 4287: 3947:Германия призвала к международному расследованию убийств в Южной Осетии 2943:"UNHCR: Buffer zone displaced registered, tell of militia intimidation" 2428: 2141:Агрессия России против Грузии – блестящая победа Ющенко (продолжение 2) 1383:

accused Moscow of planning the genocide of South Ossetians. It stated:

1225: 1161:

rockets were used by Russian military in areas populated by civilians.

856: 536: 384: 5052:Мародерство и провокации – как инструменты современной политики России 3221:"Destitute and traumatised, the refugees forced to flee South Ossetia" 1835:"Cases of killing, genocide in SOssetia united in single legal action" 1317:

In August 2009, Russian journalist Yuriy Snegirev, traveling from the

1310:

claimed that Georgia was responsible for the death of Dutch cameraman

1067:

Tserovani, a settlement built by the Georgian government for refugees.

5178:

Total Destruction of Georgian Village of Tamarasheni in South Ossetia

3745:"Looting and 'ethnic cleansing' in South Ossetia as soldiers look on" 2722:"Rights Groups Say South Ossetian Militias Burning Georgian Villages" 1416: 1105: 1093: 782: 676: 556: 551: 376: 368: 236: 1902: 1900: 1551:"One tenth of Tskhinvali buildings beyond repair – Russian ministry" 1055:

Tserovani, one of the villages built by the Georgian government for

4993: 4903:"Georgia Files Europe Suit Over Soldier's Alleged Torture, Killing" 2767:"'Putin has given us an order that everyone must leave or be shot'" 2637:"UNHCR secures safe passage for Georgians fearing further fighting" 2615:"Georgia: UN continues to press for humanitarian access to victims" 2139: 3335:"Burning and Looting of Ethnic Georgian Villages in South Ossetia" 2640: 1492:Южная Осетия. Журналисты, находящиеся в Цхинвали, взывают о помощи 1097: 1062: 1050: 800: 758:

reporter described the Georgian villages in the "buffer zone" as "

670: 566: 358: 334: 5203:

Russian soldiers looting canteen in Georgian Senaki military base

4684:"2.2 Indiscriminate Shelling of Tskhinvali and Outlying Villages" 2060:"Death toll in South Ossetia a tenth of inititial Russian claims" 708:

shot two marauders in South Ossetia. Nevertheless, on 14 August,

2321:"Russia accused of dropping cluster bombs on Georgian civilians" 1763:"Human Rights Watch Counts South Ossetian Casualties, Displaced" 1475:Журналисты в Цхинвали призывают мир открыть гуманитарный коридор 5044:

URGENT ACTION: CONDEMN RUSSIA’S USE OF CLUSTER BOMBS IN GEORGIA

4585:"South Ossetia Floods European Rights Court With Georgia Cases" 2913:"Russian-backed paramilitaries 'ethnically cleansing villages'" 2891: 2889: 897:

said on 11 August that 90% of killed Georgians were civilians.

468:, said that according to the witnesses, Georgian military used 4994:"2008 War: ICC Files Arrest Warrant for S. Ossetian Officials" 4940:(in Russian). Novosti-Gruziya. 14 October 2015. Archived from 4153:"Rights Group: Less Than 100 Civilians Killed in Georgian War" 3202:"Georgian villages burned and looted as Russian tanks advance" 2736:"S. Ossetia says Georgian refugees unable to return to region" 2685:

Julian Borger; Luke Harding; Andrew Sparrow (20 August 2008).

2353:

Kim Sengupta; Shaun Walker; Rupert Cornwell (17 August 2008).

1742:"Georgia/Russia: Update on Casualties and Displaced Civilians" 1044: 5168:Русские офицеры не контролируют мародерствующую банду россия 4436:"Civilians in the line of fire: The Georgia-Russia conflict" 3486:"Georgia: Satellite Images Show Destruction, Ethnic Attacks" 2668:"Georgia: 'He looked out of his window and they killed him'" 1923:Посол России в Грузии: в Цхинвали погибли более 2000 жителей 1278:(HRW) stated that all parties to the war seriously breached 847:

prohibits the military to capture non-combatant population.

2511: 992:

said he found the destruction greater than he anticipated.

811:

in the Tbilisi Central Hospital, meeting with injured from

4729:Медведев: В гибели нидерландского оператора виновна Грузия 3793:"Russia/Georgia: Militias Attack Civilians in Gori Region" 3696:"Judgement day dawns after Russia pledges to quit Georgia" 3679:

Luke Harding; Ian Traynor; Helen Womack (17 August 2008).

3240:"A Convoy Heads for Gori to Investigate Rumors of Plunder" 2469:"Georgia: Civilians Killed by Russian Cluster Bomb 'Duds'" 2019:"Evidence in Georgia Belies Russia's Claims of 'Genocide'" 5163:

Russian fighter jet bombing residential buildings in Gori

3020: 3018: 2957:"Tensions remain high in Georgia, Security Council hears" 2687:"Georgia's Nato membership on track, says David Miliband" 2157:Бастрыкин: доказательства геноцида в Южной Осетии найдены 5153:

Crimes committed in Georgia by ruthless Russian soldiers

4976:"ICC Investigation of 2008 War a Matter of Speculation?" 4257:"The consequences of the war between Georgia and Russia" 3553:"Looting and ethnic cleansing against Georgian enclaves" 3439:"Russia's buffer zone creates ghost villages in Georgia" 3350: 3348: 3065:"Les incidents se multiplient à la frontière géorgienne" 1671:"Tour of Tskhinvali undercuts Russian claim of genocide" 4563:"2.7 The Issue of Civilian Casualties in South Ossetia" 2489:. Amnesty International. 1 October 2008. Archived from 2425:"Russia "used cluster bombs" in Georgia - rights group" 2109:"Russia says some 18,000 refugees return to S. Ossetia" 1455:

Humanitarian impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine

527:

said it had collected proof of Russian warplanes using

5213:

Captured Georgian military base in Senaki, August 2008

3357:"'Ossetia Is for Ossetians, Let the Georgians Suffer'" 2545:Кокойты не пустит грузинских беженцев обратно в Осетию 1109:

killed were the representatives of armed resistance."

550:(UNITAR) Operational Satellite Applications Programme 321:

had claimed that "Tskhinvali doesn't exist, it's like

4843:. IIFFMCG. September 2009. p. 27. Archived from 4712:. Human Rights Watch. 23 January 2009. Archived from 4690:. Human Rights Watch. 23 January 2009. Archived from 4668:. Human Rights Watch. 23 January 2009. Archived from 4656: 4654: 4652: 4650: 4569:. Human Rights Watch. 23 January 2009. Archived from 4356:. Human Rights Watch. 10 October 2008. Archived from 3674: 3672: 2972: 2970: 2587:"In Battered Villages, Georgians Speak, if They Dare" 1891:"South Ossettia leader says 1,400 killed in conflict" 1536:Почти 70% Цхинвали разрушено во время боевых действий 1399:

International Criminal Court investigation in Georgia

495:

On 9 August 2008, Russian warplanes dropped bombs on

4823:Сепаратисты грабят уцелевшие дома грузин в Самачабло 4587:. Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. 6 October 2008. 3894:"Georgia: International Groups Should Send Missions" 2580: 2578: 1865:"Red Cross needs corridor for wounded in S. Ossetia" 1603:"Heavy damage in Tskhinvali, mostly at gov't center" 996:, Deputy Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies of the 5148:

Russian occupants marauding at Georgian territories

4284:"Georgia villages "torched," satellite study shows" 4259:. Council of Europe. 2 October 2008. Archived from 4245:(in Russian). Korrespondent.net. 25 September 2008. 3743:Tavernise, Sabrina; Siegel, Matt (16 August 2008). 3584: 3582: 3580: 3578: 904:On 12 August, Georgia submitted a lawsuit with the 4957:"Will the Hague Revisit the Russian-Georgian War?" 4746:Цхинвал год бомбили деньгами. Следов пока не видно 2292: 2290: 2288: 2286: 1958:"Georgian Villages in South Ossetia Burnt, Looted" 548:United Nations Institute for Training and Research 4905:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 14 April 2010. 4774:"Year After Georgian War, Rage Has Only Hardened" 3623:Sabrina Tavernise; Matt Siegel (16 August 2008). 3551:Sabrina Tavernise; Matt Siegel (15 August 2008). 3313:"Russian Army Stands By As Mayhem Reigns in Gori" 3183:"Amid promise of peace, Georgians live in terror" 2794:"Putin ordered ethnic cleansing: Times of London" 2563:Elizabeth Owen; Giorgi Lomsadze (9 August 2008). 2277:"Georgia approves martial law in war with Russia" 1867:. Associated Press. 8 August 2008. Archived from 18:Humanitarian impact of the 2008 South Ossetia war 5208:наши "миротворцы" в Грузии. грабят дома, новое.. 5123:Attack at tamar urushadze, a georgian journalist 4242:Геноцида в Южной Осетии не было – делегация ПАСЕ 4227:"Russia/Georgia: Investigate Abuse of Detainees" 4197:"Georgia: EU Mission Needs to Protect Civilians" 4016:"15 парламентаристи видяха разрухата в Цхинвали" 3618: 3616: 3519:"Signs of looting, ethnic cleansing in conflict" 2979:"Flaunting impunity in Russia's 'security zone'" 2959:. UN News Centre. 28 August 2008. Archived from 2703:Эдуард Кокойты: мы там практически выровняли все 2235:"South Ossetia holds civilian Georgians hostage" 2062:. The Australian. 22 August 2008. Archived from 1794:В Южную Осетию вернулись более 12 тысяч беженцев 719:settlements were still being plundered. Russian 5158:Russian army of looters. War in Georgia. Part 3 5089:Russian soldiers jealous of Georgian millitary 4874:(in Russian). Kavkazsky Uzel. 12 November 2009. 4507:"Russia: Protect Civilians in Occupied Georgia" 3851:"Georgia says sues Russia for ethnic cleansing" 3763:"Georgians doing forced labor in South Ossetia" 3176: 3174: 2715: 2713: 2538: 2536: 2505:"Overview of satellite damage to Gori, Georgia" 2443:"Russia denies use of cluster bombs in Georgia" 2380:"Group: Russians drop cluster bombs in Georgia" 2298:"Georgia: Russian Cluster Bombs Kill Civilians" 2017:Andrew Osborn; Jeanne Whalen (15 August 2008). 1385: 1157:On 10 October 2008, HRW reported that Grad and 1140:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 1125:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 781:On 27 August 2008, Human Rights Watch used the 426:On 9 August, the Russian ambassador to Georgia 31:Humanitarian response to the Russo-Georgian War 4376:(in Russian). United Nations. 15 October 2008. 3730:"Survivors in Georgia Tell of Ethnic Killings" 3625:"After the Battle, Anger Follows Ethnic Lines" 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 47:and most of the Georgian villages were razed. 4826:(in Russian). Gruziya Online. 27 August 2009. 3419:Кто в сапогах – тот и срочник. Их здесь полно 3290:"Russia destroying military bases in Georgia" 3200:Luke Harding; James Meikle (13 August 2008). 3150: 3148: 2868:"Kouchner claims ethnic cleansing in Georgia" 2807:Kim Sengupta; Shaun Walker (19 August 2008). 2445:. RIA Novosti. 15 August 2008. Archived from 1809:"U.N.: 115,000 displaced by Georgia conflict" 1757: 1755: 1706:"Russia/Georgia: Investigate Civilian Deaths" 653:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 389:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 256: 8: 5193:Русские оккупанты обкрадывали жителей Грузии 5022:. International Criminal Court. 30 June 2022 4424:(in Russian). LiveJournal. 10 November 2008. 4047:"Russia Turns Aid Convoy Away at Checkpoint" 3591:"Civilians allege militias raped and killed" 4810:(in Russian). NEWSru.co.il. 11 August 2009. 4526:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. Archived from 4495:(in Russian). Kommersant. 19 November 2008. 4136:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. Archived from 4098:Rupert Wingfield-Hayes (9 September 2008). 3967:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. Archived from 3422:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. Archived from 2228: 2226: 2224: 2201: 2199: 2176:(in Russian). NEWSru.com. 5 September 2008. 1495:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. Archived from 1422:On 10 March 2022, the ICC chief prosecutor 675:A burning house in the Georgian village of 658:The Georgian civilians, who resided in the 347:reported that a projectile launched from a 5218:Грузинские села Южной Осетии (Ноябрь 2011) 4891:. Open Society - Georgia Foundation. 2009. 4546:(in Russian). Kommersant. 4 December 2008. 4543:«Не место этому президенту в Южной Осетии» 4492:Россию и Грузию уравняли в нарушениях прав 3934:(in Russian). Radio France Internationale. 3640: 3638: 3546: 3544: 2870:. Euronews. 27 August 2008. Archived from 2374: 2372: 2355:"The new Cold War: Crisis in the Caucasus" 2083: 2081: 1646: 1644: 1539:(in Russian). RIA Novosti. 12 August 2008. 1393:International Criminal Court investigation 1138:On 2 October 2008, Resolution 1633 of the 263: 249: 49: 4792:"Jeder durfte ihn schlagen und anspucken" 4479:(in Russian). Lenta.ru. 18 November 2008. 4215:(in Russian). Utro.ru. 18 September 2008. 2207:"Georgians held hostage by South Ossetia" 1010:Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations 5173:Российские мародеры продают награбленное 4389:"Georgia accused of targeting civilians" 4229:. Human Rights Watch. 21 September 2008. 4199:. Human Rights Watch. 15 September 2008. 3888: 3886: 2192:(in Russian). NEWSru.com. 7 August 2009. 2054: 2052: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1637:(in Russian). gazeta.ru. 12 August 2008. 696:On 13 August, Russian interior minister 578:On 10 August 2008, Georgia charged that 417:International Committee of the Red Cross 367:in a refugee camp set up in the town of 4706:"2.4 Georgian Forces' Ground Offensive" 4509:. Human Rights Watch. 25 November 2008. 4463:. Amnesty International. November 2008. 3950:(in Russian). Lenta.ru. 28 August 2008. 3711:"Ground zero in the Georgia-Russia war" 3464:Elena Kostyuchenko (7 September 2008). 3300:from the original on 14 September 2012. 3096:Lyudmila Nazdracheva (13 August 2008). 3037:from the original on 12 September 2012. 2824:"'Are You Going to the American Side?'" 2264:from the original on 11 September 2012. 1797:(in Russian). Lenta.ru. 14 August 2008. 1596: 1594: 1592: 1465: 1403:In October 2015, the Prosecutor of the 171: 68: 52: 4749:(in Russian). Izvestia. Archived from 4304:. AAAS. 9 October 2008. Archived from 4151:Mansur Mirovalev (12 September 2008). 4083:Thomas Hammarberg (8 September 2008). 3123:"Burning, looting terrorize Georgians" 3011:. Human Rights Watch. 23 January 2009. 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2090:У Грузии обнаружили 170 пленных осетин 830:reporter witnessed groups of Georgian 734:On 18 August, journalists working for 679:, on the road from Tskhinvali to Java. 419:(ICRC) urged the combatants to form a 4732:(in Russian). Grani.ru. 20 June 2009. 4334:from the original on 22 February 2014 4113:Elena Milashina (10 September 2008). 4045:Gutterman, Steve (9 September 2008). 3879:. The New York Times. 15 August 2008. 3488:. Human Rights Watch. 27 August 2008. 3445:from the original on 3 September 2008 3048:Marina Vashakmadze (30 August 2008). 2977:Lawrence Sheets (10 September 2008). 2382:. CNN. 15 August 2008. Archived from 1811:. CNN. 15 August 2008. Archived from 1523:(in Russian). Regnum. 13 August 2008. 457:half of casualties in South Ossetia. 7: 4974:Zviad Adzinbaia (11 February 2016). 4421:"ЭХО АБХАЗИИ" О ВОЙНЕ В ЮЖНОЙ ОСЕТИИ 4402:Elena Milashina (16 November 2008). 4130:Elena Milashina (9 September 2008). 4100:"South Ossetia's abandoned villages" 3961:Elena Milashina (1 September 2008). 3928:Inga Dombrovskaya (26 August 2008). 3911:Avraam Shmulevich (19 August 2008). 3877:"Ethnic Cleansing in South Ossetia?" 3849:Margarita Antidze (12 August 2008). 3728:Sabrina Tavernise (19 August 2008). 3355:Karmanau, Yuras (1 September 2008). 3311:Yaroslav Trofimov (15 August 2008). 3257:Philippe Naughton (14 August 2008). 3167:from the original on 14 August 2008. 2830:from the original on 9 November 2012 2822:Michael J. Totten (22 August 2008). 2809:"Georgians tell of ethnic cleansing" 2720:Brian Whitmore (30 September 2008). 1992:"Russians launch 'genocide' enquiry" 1478:(in Russian). Regnum. 9 August 2008. 923:According to an 18 August report by 604:On 15 August, South Ossetian leader 4916:Leila Naroushvili (8 August 2012). 4623:"South Ossetians Complain to Court" 4520:Elena Milashina (1 December 2008). 4181:. 11 September 2008. Archived from 3836:"Russian troops advance in Georgia" 3810:Arkady Babchenko (13 August 2008). 3657:from the original on 17 August 2008 3499:Natalia Antelava (14 August 2008). 3288:Adrian Blomfield (14 August 2008). 3269:from the original on 15 August 2008 3063:Arielle Thedrel (28 October 2008). 3050:"Border Villages Being 'Russified'" 2923:from the original on 27 August 2008 2773:from the original on 18 August 2008 2700:Aleksandr Gabuev (15 August 2008). 2601:"Georgia and Russia agree on truce" 2365:from the original on 3 August 2012. 2327:from the original on 15 August 2008 1908:"Russian jets attack Georgian town" 1773:from the original on 12 August 2008 1186:Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia 5133:Russian marauding in Poti, Georgia 4959:. Georgian Journal. Archived from 4955:Rusudan Shelia (15 October 2015). 4794:(in German). Stern. 9 August 2009. 4641:"S Ossetia 'war crimes' condemned" 4442:. 18 November 2008. Archived from 4212:Саакашвили будет объявлен в розыск 4159:. The New York Sun. Archived from 3991:. 5 September 2008. Archived from 3323:from the original on 29 June 2013. 3238:Tara Bahrampour (14 August 2008). 3083:"Georgia marks anniversary of war" 3025:McElroy, Damien (30 August 2008). 2850:"S Ossetia 'emptied of Georgians'" 2487:"The human cost of war in Georgia" 2405:Bonnie Docherty (19 August 2008). 2252:Adrian Blomfield (9 August 2008). 1489:Nataliya Rostova (9 August 2008). 25: 3155:Megan K. Stack (14 August 2008). 3121:Alex Rodriguez (14 August 2008). 2896:Luke Harding (1 September 2008). 2039:"Russia scales down Georgia toll" 1893:. The Independent. 8 August 2008. 1379:In 2012, an article published by 970:Investigative Committee of Russia 466:Investigative Committee of Russia 4920:. Georgia Online. Archived from 4743:Yuriy Snegirev (6 August 2009). 4387:Whewell, Tim (28 October 2008). 3769:. 16 August 2008. Archived from 3525:. 15 August 2008. Archived from 3501:"Georgians fear revenge attacks" 3437:James Hider (2 September 2008). 3393:. 25 August 2008. Archived from 3387:"Ossetians Happily Loot Village" 2742:. 15 August 2008. Archived from 2643:. 15 August 2008. Archived from 2621:. 15 August 2008. Archived from 2514:. 28 August 2008. Archived from 2304:. 15 August 2008. Archived from 2275:Musa Sadulayev (9 August 2008). 2217:from the original on 5 May 2013. 2115:. 21 August 2008. Archived from 1990:Dario Thuburn (14 August 2008). 1841:. 16 August 2008. Archived from 1601:Douglas Birch (12 August 2008). 1557:. 17 August 2008. Archived from 1360:was committed in South Ossetia. 1306:In June 2009, Russian president 1280:international laws governing war 294:Minister of Regional Development 235: 228: 221: 214: 60: 5103:Russian army Looting in Georgia 4978:. Georgia Today. Archived from 4458:"Civilians in the line of fire" 3694:Kim Sengupta (18 August 2008). 3681:"A dirty little war in Georgia" 3470:. Novaya Gazeta. Archived from 3219:Shaun Walker (14 August 2008). 3181:Luke Harding (14 August 2008). 3099:«Мне стыдно за своих товарищей» 2911:Hider, James (27 August 2008). 2792:Ed Morrissey (18 August 2008). 2666:Luke Harding (19 August 2008). 2585:C.J. Chivers (18 August 2008). 2138:Igor Rassoha (22 August 2008). 1726:. 8 August 2008. Archived from 1669:Tom Lasseter (17 August 2008). 164:Occupied territories of Georgia 4772:Barry, Ellen (7 August 2009). 4282:Fox, Maggie (9 October 2008). 3589:David Pratt (16 August 2008). 2765:Tony Halpin (18 August 2008). 2233:Tom Parfitt (18 August 2008). 1975:Tom Parfitt (13 August 2008). 1937:Julia Ioffe (21 August 2008). 1673:. McClatchy DC. Archived from 1634:Цхинвали подает признаки жизни 1348:European Court of Human Rights 1262:European Court of Human Rights 1258:International Court of Justice 1166:International Court of Justice 1092:reported that the villages of 984:on a journey organised by the 906:International Court of Justice 1: 4523:«Бабий бунт набирает обороты» 3709:Peter Finn (18 August 2008). 3416:Roman Anin (25 August 2008). 2319:Nico Hines (15 August 2008). 2160:. NEWSru.com. 26 August 2008. 1941:. Columbia Journalism Review. 1585:. NEWSru.com. 17 August 2008. 1358:ethnic cleansing of Georgians 1020:Commissioner for Human Rights 4643:. BBC News. 23 January 2009. 4408:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. 4354:"Summary of Recommendations" 4119:(in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. 3557:International Herald Tribune 2983:International Herald Tribune 2567:. EurasiaNet. Archived from 1926:. NEWSru.com. 9 August 2008. 1405:International Criminal Court 1254:International Criminal Court 770:International Herald Tribune 647:International Herald Tribune 625:Minister for Foreign Affairs 599:Georgian minister for health 147:International recognition of 5128:Russian Marauders in Poti 2 5113:Russian Marauders in Gori_2 4918:"Did you order a genocide?" 3838:. BBC News. 12 August 2008. 2945:. Civil.Ge. 29 August 2008. 2826:. The Wall Street Journal. 2603:. BBC News. 13 August 2008. 482:allegedly held by Georgia. 195:Belarusian–Russian Milk War 158:South Ossetian independence 156:Controversy over Abkhaz and 5259: 5138:RUSSIAN LOOTERS IN GEORGIA 4629:. Reuters. 7 October 2008. 3964:Беслан. Прошло четыре года 3917:(in Russian). Kasparov.ru. 3853:. AlertNet. Archived from 3647:"The new cold war hots up" 3085:. BBC News. 7 August 2009. 2898:"Russia's cruel intention" 1910:. BBC News. 9 August 2008. 1396: 1224:journalist reported that 396:to fight against Georgia. 180:Georgian–Ossetian conflict 149:Abkhazia and South Ossetia 28: 5108:Russian Marauders in Gori 4330:Reuters. 9 October 2008. 2706:(in Russian). Kommersant. 1288:multiple rocket launchers 974:Southern Federal District 884:Reactions and assessments 563:Displacement of civilians 341:multiple rocket launchers 4936: 4870: 4822: 4806: 4745: 4728: 4542: 4522: 4491: 4475: 4420: 4404: 4372: 4241: 4211: 4132: 4115: 3983: 3963: 3946: 3930: 3913: 3812: 3713:. SFGate. Archived from 3466: 3418: 3098: 2702: 2544: 2188: 2172: 2156: 2140: 2089: 1922: 1793: 1633: 1581: 1535: 1519: 1491: 1474: 1164:On 15 October 2008, the 845:Fourth Geneva Convention 520:was struck by a rocket. 363:Women and children from 185:Abkhaz–Georgian conflict 5143:Русские мародеры в Гори 3317:The Wall Street Journal 3157:"Broken and bewildered" 1437:, Gamlet Guchmazov and 954:Frank-Walter Steinmeier 951:German Foreign Minister 941:French Foreign Minister 608:, in the interview for 449:The Wall Street Journal 307:The Wall Street Journal 3683:. Mail & Guardian. 1652:"Mythmaking in Moscow" 1390: 1142:(PACE) confirmed that 1088:On 11 September 2008, 1080:On 11 September 2008, 1071:On 10 September 2008, 1068: 1060: 1059:from the conflict zone 815: 680: 627:and the OSCE chairman 572: 514:Gori Military Hospital 415:On 8 August 2008, the 380: 141:Reconstruction efforts 112:International reaction 5118:Russian drunk general 5062:HRW World Report 2009 4440:Amnesty International 4140:on 11 September 2008. 3732:. The New York Times. 3474:on 10 September 2012. 2589:. The New York Times. 1994:. IOL. Archived from 1204:Amnesty International 1175:On 16 November 2008, 1104:, Eredvi, Vanati and 1066: 1054: 804: 789:The Georgian town of 674: 595:Alexander Kvitashvili 570: 529:RBK-250 cluster bombs 421:humanitarian corridor 362: 190:Transnistria conflict 136:Infrastructure damage 45:South Ossetia,Georgia 5078:Videos of war crimes 5072:SITUATION IN GEORGIA 4982:on 11 February 2016. 4963:on 15 February 2016. 4944:on 30 December 2015. 4446:on 11 December 2008. 4116:Вот такая кукурузина 4087:. Council of Europe. 4026:on 22 September 2008 3995:on 15 September 2008 3971:on 3 September 2008. 3563:on 19 September 2008 2989:on 14 September 2008 1939:"Blogging For Truth" 1374:Giorgi Antsukhelidze 1042:On 9 September, the 428:Vyacheslav Kovalenko 5243:Humanitarian crises 4716:on 5 February 2009. 4694:on 5 February 2009. 4672:on 5 February 2009. 4662:"Executive Summary" 4573:on 5 February 2009. 4530:on 3 December 2008. 4360:on 5 November 2008. 4185:on 24 October 2008. 3294:The Daily Telegraph 3244:The Washington Post 2521:on 4 September 2008 2211:The Daily Telegraph 2024:Wall Street Journal 1656:The Washington Post 1237:Anatoly Barankevich 964:Russian journalist 949:On 28 August 2008, 939:On 26 August 2008, 911:Aslambek Apayev of 895:Mikheil Saakashvili 893:Georgian president 711:The Daily Telegraph 584:Mikheil Saakashvili 533:Anatoliy Nogovitsyn 523:On 15 August 2008, 506:Kareli Municipality 462:Aleksandr Bastrykin 319:Anatoliy Nogovitsyn 200:Russo–Ukrainian War 122:Humanitarian impact 43:were expelled from 5238:Russo-Georgian War 4924:on 13 August 2016. 4838:"Report. Volume I" 4778:The New York Times 4753:on 29 October 2010 4627:The New York Times 4308:on 12 October 2008 3989:Channel One Russia 3898:Human Rights Watch 3824:on 15 August 2008. 3797:Human Rights Watch 3717:on 4 January 2013. 3698:. The Independent. 3629:The New York Times 3426:on 27 August 2008. 3339:Human Rights Watch 3110:on 13 August 2008. 2963:on 31 August 2008. 2874:on 16 January 2009 2811:. The Independent. 2625:on 20 August 2008. 2571:on 12 August 2008. 2493:on 2 October 2008. 2473:Human Rights Watch 2411:Human Rights Watch 2308:on 23 August 2008. 2302:Human Rights Watch 2213:. 18 August 2008. 1998:on 5 December 2008 1962:Human Rights Watch 1769:. 11 August 2008. 1746:Human Rights Watch 1730:on 11 August 2008. 1710:Human Rights Watch 1276:Human Rights Watch 1218:In December 2008, 1209:Igor Lyakin-Frolov 1202:In November 2008, 1189:Ilia II of Georgia 1179:, chairman of the 1128:Luc Van den Brande 1082:Human Rights Watch 1069: 1061: 1034:. The use of M85S 925:Human Rights Watch 853:Human Rights Watch 816: 806:Secretary of State 797:Abuse of civilians 737:The New York Times 724:Vyacheslav Borisov 681: 660:Akhalgori district 573: 525:Human Rights Watch 464:, the Head of the 381: 345:Human Rights Watch 54:Russo-Georgian War 37:Russo-Georgian War 5098:Russian looters 2 4850:on 7 October 2009 4263:on 5 October 2008 3900:. 18 August 2008. 3857:on 14 August 2008 3799:. 16 August 2008. 3773:on 19 August 2008 3601:on 18 August 2008 3529:on 22 August 2008 3523:The Seattle Times 3397:on 28 August 2008 3161:Los Angeles Times 3133:on 22 August 2008 2856:. 25 August 2008. 2746:on 18 August 2008 2647:on 16 August 2008 2552:. 15 August 2008. 2475:. 21 August 2008. 2449:on 17 August 2008 2431:. 15 August 2008. 2386:on 17 August 2008 2119:on 22 August 2008 2097:. 20 August 2008. 2045:. 20 August 2008. 1964:. 13 August 2008. 1871:on 13 August 2008 1845:on 18 August 2008 1815:on 31 August 2008 1748:. 10 August 2008. 1712:. 14 August 2008. 1677:on 19 August 2008 1658:. 16 August 2008. 1613:on 19 August 2008 1561:on 21 August 2008 1499:on 13 August 2008 1342:Dutch journalist 1274:In January 2009, 1230:Dagomys agreement 1148:cluster munitions 1023:Thomas Hammarberg 1017:Council of Europe 826:On 16 August, an 717:Gori Municipality 690:summary execution 541:Gori Municipality 273: 272: 16:(Redirected from 5250: 5050: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5016: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5005: 4990: 4984: 4983: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4952: 4946: 4945: 4932: 4926: 4925: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4899: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4882: 4876: 4875: 4866: 4860: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4849: 4842: 4834: 4828: 4827: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4788: 4782: 4781: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4740: 4734: 4733: 4724: 4718: 4717: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4680: 4674: 4673: 4658: 4645: 4644: 4637: 4631: 4630: 4619: 4613: 4612: 4611:on 6 March 2009. 4610: 4603: 4595: 4589: 4588: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4559: 4548: 4547: 4538: 4532: 4531: 4517: 4511: 4510: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4471: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4416: 4410: 4409: 4399: 4393: 4392: 4384: 4378: 4377: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4339: 4324: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4313: 4298: 4292: 4291: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4253: 4247: 4246: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4193: 4187: 4186: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4163:on 14 June 2011. 4157:Associated Press 4148: 4142: 4141: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4095: 4089: 4088: 4080: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4057:on 3 August 2014 4053:. Archived from 4051:The Moscow Times 4042: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4022:. Archived from 4018:(in Bulgarian). 4014:Yuri Mikhalkov. 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3979: 3973: 3972: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3942: 3936: 3935: 3925: 3919: 3918: 3914:Кто украл унитаз 3908: 3902: 3901: 3890: 3881: 3880: 3873: 3867: 3866: 3864: 3862: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3820:. Archived from 3807: 3801: 3800: 3789: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3767:Associated Press 3759: 3753: 3752: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3725: 3719: 3718: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3676: 3667: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3651:The Sunday Times 3642: 3633: 3632: 3620: 3611: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3597:. Archived from 3586: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3559:. Archived from 3548: 3539: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3515: 3509: 3508: 3496: 3490: 3489: 3482: 3476: 3475: 3467:Сверху видно все 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3391:The Moscow Times 3383: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3363:. 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The Guardian. 2895: 2894: 2887: 2877: 2875: 2866: 2865: 2861: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2833: 2831: 2821: 2820: 2816: 2806: 2805: 2801: 2791: 2790: 2786: 2776: 2774: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2749: 2747: 2734: 2733: 2729: 2719: 2718: 2711: 2704: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2689:. The Guardian. 2684: 2683: 2679: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2650: 2648: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2584: 2583: 2576: 2562: 2561: 2557: 2546: 2542: 2541: 2534: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2485: 2484: 2480: 2467: 2466: 2462: 2452: 2450: 2441: 2440: 2436: 2423: 2422: 2418: 2404: 2403: 2399: 2389: 2387: 2378: 2377: 2370: 2359:The Independent 2352: 2351: 2340: 2330: 2328: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2296: 2295: 2284: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2251: 2250: 2246: 2232: 2231: 2222: 2205: 2204: 2197: 2190: 2186: 2185: 2181: 2174: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2158: 2154: 2153: 2149: 2142: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2122: 2120: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2091: 2087: 2086: 2079: 2069: 2067: 2058: 2057: 2050: 2037: 2036: 2032: 2016: 2015: 2011: 2001: 1999: 1989: 1988: 1984: 1979:. 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The Times. 3440: 3433: 3430: 3425: 3421: 3412: 3409: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3379: 3367:on 3 May 2012 3366: 3362: 3358: 3351: 3349: 3345: 3340: 3336: 3330: 3327: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3307: 3304: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3284: 3281: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3253: 3250: 3245: 3241: 3234: 3231: 3226: 3222: 3215: 3212: 3207: 3203: 3196: 3193: 3188: 3184: 3177: 3175: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3151: 3149: 3145: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3117: 3114: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3092: 3089: 3084: 3078: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3059: 3056: 3051: 3044: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3031:The Telegraph 3028: 3021: 3019: 3015: 3010: 3004: 3001: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2952: 2949: 2944: 2938: 2935: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2907: 2904: 2899: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2873: 2869: 2863: 2860: 2855: 2851: 2845: 2842: 2829: 2825: 2818: 2815: 2810: 2803: 2800: 2795: 2788: 2785: 2772: 2769:. 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RFE/RL. 1839:Itar-Tass 1302:2009-2012 868:Russian ( 857:pillaging 791:Akhalgori 764:The Times 755:The Times 619:The Times 516:carrying 486:Georgians 405:ITAR-TASS 302:Gazeta.ru 287:Mart Laar 92:Aftermath 41:Georgians 5004:11 March 4332:Archived 4179:Memorial 4061:3 August 3655:Archived 3505:BBC News 3443:Archived 3371:3 August 3321:Archived 3298:Archived 3267:Archived 3165:Archived 3035:Archived 2921:Archived 2854:BBC News 2828:Archived 2777:3 August 2771:Archived 2550:Lenta.ru 2453:3 August 2363:Archived 2325:Archived 2279:. Chron. 2262:Archived 2215:Archived 2095:Lenta.ru 2043:BBC News 1771:Archived 1617:3 August 1555:Interfax 1449:See also 1431:de facto 1324:Izvestia 1181:Memorial 1090:Memorial 820:BBC News 702:Interfax 491:Bombings 477:Hostages 470:grenades 444:genocide 387:agency, 355:Refugees 126:response 117:Protests 87:Timeline 4288:Reuters 3749:The Age 2429:Reuters 1333:German 1226:ISU-152 972:in the 667:Looting 537:Tbilisi 385:refugee 383:The UN 82:Prelude 1417:Africa 1256:, the 1106:Avnevi 1094:Kekhvi 783:UNOSAT 677:Kekhvi 557:UNOSAT 552:UNOSAT 512:. 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Knowledge (XXG)

Humanitarian impact of the Russo-Georgian War

Index