712:
727:
688:
42:
700:
102:
77:
1064:
228:
1052:
489:, with their ancestor being forced into two enclaves, one in the southeast and one in the southwest of Europe. When the ice sheets retreated, the two forms supposedly no longer recognised each other as the same species. However, scientists researching this question have for quite some time realised that these two
508:
quite dissimilar species. These vary much in size and colour pattern, but also lack chestnut wing patches and have a strong contrast between the usually dark head sides and the white or whitish throat. The latter group occurs from the southern parts of the lesser whitethroat complex' range into
529:. Thus, it rather appears as if the divergence of the lesser whitethroat complex and its closest living relatives is more ancient than assumed, and that it did not involve separation by ice sheets building up in Europe, but by
841:
Historiae animalium liber III qui est de auium natura. Adiecti sunt ab initio indices alphabetici decem super nominibus auium in totidem linguis diuersis: & ante illos enumeratio auium eo ordiné quo in hoc volumine
540:
The lesser whitethroat complex has been split up into the present species, Hume's whitethroat, and the small whitethroat from which the
Margelanic whitethroat may also be specifically distinct. In this
1486:
1242:
1579:
902:
Ornithologisches
Taschenbuch von und für Deutschland, oder, Kurze Beschreibung aller Vögel Deutschlands für Liebhaber dieses Theils der Naturgeschichte
1460:
1190:
368:
with a grey back, whitish underparts, a grey head with a darker "bandit mask" through the eyes and a white throat. It is slightly smaller than the
1499:
1074:
687:
372:, and lacks the chestnut wings and uniform head-face colour of that species. The lesser whitethroat's song is a fast and rattling sequence of
819:
726:
399:
of fairly open country and cultivation, with large bushes for nesting and some trees. The nest is built in low shrub or brambles, and 3 to 7
1599:
711:
1408:
811:
1017:
969:
699:
1594:
1421:
420:
217:
1504:
1512:
1369:
1229:
1296:
896:
553:
are nowadays unequivocally accepted for the lesser whitethroat, and they intergrade throughout
Central Europe and Asia:
467:
1079:
1543:
1346:
676:
in the field. As mtDNA is inherited from the mother only, were this bird a hybrid this should have been recognisable.
1439:
919:
1247:
626:
of these is not well-researched, and they might eventually turn out to belong to either species or be stereotyped
1589:
1452:
1056:
980:
Jønsson, Knud A. & Fjeldså, Jon (2006): A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri).
101:
453:
1333:
1164:
1094:
757:
1351:
614:
Two more taxa occur in the intergradation zone with the small whitethroat, stretching from the northern
546:
430:
196:
784:
497:
1307:
1177:
1146:
1132:
505:
41:
1068:
478:
412:
312:
301:
66:
474:
369:
268:
96:
1491:
1525:
1382:
1221:
1013:
982:
965:
815:
501:
482:
358:
1325:
574:– eastern parts of range. Has somewhat paler top of head, separated from face sides by white
1584:
1530:
990:
923:
779:
654:
627:
1538:
1338:
1169:
1255:
514:
510:
425:
335:
761:
239:(Compiled by: BirdLife International and Handbook of the Birds of the World (2019) 2018.)
1447:
1434:
1312:
835:
486:
449:
350:
338:
which breeds in temperate Europe, except the southwest, and in the western and central
17:
477:, as their common names imply. It was suggested that the two species separated in the
1573:
1374:
1216:
1030:
994:
885:. Vol. 11. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 275.
856:
770:
522:
518:
457:
416:
400:
384:
213:
86:
81:
1008:
Snow, David W.; Perrins, Christopher M.; Doherty, Paul & Cramp, Stanley (1998):
900:
880:
860:
839:
1387:
1117:
650:
542:
1426:
1361:
672:
sequences from all known taxa in the complex, although it most closely resembled
1556:
1517:
1473:
1234:
1203:
1126:
615:
575:
227:
1063:
1551:
927:
876:
550:
364:
Unlike many sylviid warblers, the sexes are almost identical. This is a small
339:
54:
1287:
623:
448:. The word had been used for the lesser whitethroat by the Swiss naturalist
343:
163:
153:
113:
1413:
1051:
1028:
Pettersson, Mattias (2001): A Central Asian Lesser
Whitethroat in Sweden.
1281:
1111:
661:
619:
281:
133:
1195:
1156:
1465:
1320:
1208:
1141:
865:(in German). Vol. 1. Berlin: R. Friedländer und Sohn. p. 588.
462:
445:
365:
173:
1260:
1478:
665:
534:
354:
123:
58:
1400:
1088:
657:
in 1910 is intermediate between the lesser and Hume's whitethroats.
473:
This species has been commonly assumed to be closely related to the
380:
calls, quite different from the common whitethroat's scolding song.
594:– Iran, southern Turkmenistan to northern Pakistan and central Asia
584:– SE Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan to NW Mongolia
1395:
669:
441:
392:
388:
1182:
905:(in German). Leipzig: Carl Friedrich Enoch Richter. p. 165.
736:
530:
490:
396:
346:
143:
1092:
952:
Helbig, A. J. (2001): Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus
444:
word for an unidentified bird mentioned by the Roman poet
496:
Rather, the lesser whitethroat and its closest relatives
1010:
The complete birds of the western
Palaearctic on CD-ROM
537:
region (which also occurred throughout the Ice Ages).
964:: 24–29. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
1271:
1101:
785:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22734992A155625468.en
845:(in Latin). Zurich: Froschauer. pp. 355–357.
460:in 1909. This species is now placed in the genus
456:as Europe but this was restricted to Sweden by
466:that was introduced by the German naturalist
8:
808:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
928:"Sylviid babblers, parrotbills, white-eyes"
545:, the lesser whitethroat seems to form the
1089:
226:
75:
40:
31:
783:
353:, wintering in Africa just south of the
749:
683:
1004:
1002:
604:– southern Kazakhstan to western China
493:are not particularly close relatives.
934:. International Ornithologists' Union
914:
912:
879:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1986).
693:Lesser whitethroat at Rajkot, Gujarat
7:
1453:82922587-cc34-42e7-9ce2-4265efd6c34c
1080:Feathers of the lesser whitethroat (
810:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
481:similar to the pattern found in the
1580:IUCN Red List least concern species
771:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
635:Curruca curruca/minula halimodendri
862:Die Vögel der paläarktischen Fauna
640:Curruca curruca/minula telengitica
504:appear more related to a group of
25:
1062:
1050:
995:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x
932:IOC World Bird List Version 13.2
882:Check-List of Birds of the World
725:
710:
698:
686:
452:in 1555. Linnaeus specified the
100:
572:Northeastern lesser whitethroat
1:
334:) is a common and widespread
705:Lesser whitethroat at Rajkot
582:Curruca curruca halimodendri
383:Like most "warblers", it is
1600:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1012:. Oxford University Press.
668:, differed in the analyzed
608:Curruca curruca margelanica
411:The lesser whitethroat was
1616:
897:Bechstein, Johann Matthäus
562:Western lesser whitethroat
415:by the Swedish naturalist
806:Jobling, James A (2010).
778:: e.T22734992A155625468.
660:A bird which wintered at
647:Curruca curruca caucasica
468:Johann Matthäus Bechstein
274:
267:
234:
225:
202:
195:
97:Scientific classification
95:
73:
64:
48:
39:
34:
564:– western parts of range
1595:Birds described in 1758
926:, eds. (15 July 2023).
588:Curruca curruca althaea
558:Curruca curruca curruca
509:Africa and include the
51:Curruca curruca curruca
18:Hume's whitethroat
758:BirdLife International
598:Curruca curruca minula
568:Curruca curruca blythi
549:European lineage. Six
387:, but will also take
1448:Fauna Europaea (new)
1059:at Wikimedia Commons
525:sometimes placed in
960:Shirihai, Hadoram:
67:Conservation status
35:Lesser whitethroat
922:; Donsker, David;
664:Bird Observatory,
602:Desert whitethroat
592:Hume's whitethroat
498:Hume's whitethroat
475:common whitethroat
413:formally described
370:common whitethroat
326:lesser whitethroat
262: Non-breeding
1567:
1566:
1526:Open Tree of Life
1095:Taxon identifiers
1055:Media related to
924:Rasmussen, Pamela
821:978-1-4081-2501-4
610:– northern China
502:small whitethroat
434:Motacilla curruca
322:
321:
278:Motacilla curruca
90:
16:(Redirected from
1607:
1590:Birds of Eurasia
1560:
1559:
1547:
1546:
1534:
1533:
1521:
1520:
1518:NHMSYS0000530638
1508:
1507:
1495:
1494:
1482:
1481:
1469:
1468:
1456:
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1443:
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1235:NHMSYS0021311347
1225:
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1212:
1211:
1199:
1198:
1186:
1185:
1173:
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1159:
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1149:
1147:A99F93BCE984549A
1137:
1136:
1135:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1090:
1067:Data related to
1066:
1054:
1038:
1026:
1020:
1006:
997:
978:
972:
950:
944:
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941:
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690:
316:
305:
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105:
104:
84:
79:
78:
44:
32:
21:
1615:
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1604:
1570:
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1563:
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1542:
1537:
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1524:
1516:
1511:
1503:
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1485:
1477:
1472:
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1433:
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1420:
1412:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1360:
1358:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1332:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1306:
1300:
1295:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1267:
1259:
1256:Observation.org
1254:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1228:
1220:
1215:
1207:
1202:
1194:
1189:
1181:
1176:
1168:
1163:
1155:
1153:
1145:
1140:
1133:Curruca curruca
1131:
1130:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1103:Curruca curruca
1097:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1027:
1023:
1007:
1000:
979:
975:
962:Sylvia warblers
951:
947:
937:
935:
918:
917:
910:
895:
894:
890:
875:
874:
870:
855:
854:
850:
834:
833:
829:
822:
805:
804:
800:
790:
788:
756:
755:
751:
746:
739:
733:Curruca curruca
730:
721:
718:Curruca curruca
715:
706:
703:
694:
691:
682:
515:Arabian warbler
511:Orphean warbler
506:morphologically
436:. The specific
426:Systema Naturae
419:in 1758 in the
409:
391:and other soft
336:typical warbler
331:Curruca curruca
311:
299:
297:Curruca althaea
291:
280:
263:
259:
257:
253:
251:
247:
245:
241:
221:
210:
206:Curruca curruca
204:
191:
188:C. curruca
99:
91:
80:
76:
69:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1572:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:Sylvia-curruca
1548:
1535:
1522:
1509:
1496:
1483:
1470:
1457:
1444:
1435:Fauna Europaea
1431:
1418:
1405:
1392:
1379:
1366:
1356:
1343:
1330:
1317:
1313:Sylvia_curruca
1304:
1293:
1277:
1275:
1273:Sylvia curruca
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1252:
1239:
1226:
1213:
1200:
1187:
1174:
1161:
1151:
1138:
1123:
1107:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1082:Sylvia curruca
1077:
1072:
1071:at Wikispecies
1069:Sylvia curruca
1060:
1057:Sylvia curruca
1046:
1045:External links
1043:
1040:
1039:
1021:
998:
989:(2): 149–186.
973:
945:
908:
888:
868:
857:Hartert, Ernst
848:
836:Gesner, Conrad
827:
820:
798:
764:Sylvia curruca
748:
747:
745:
742:
741:
740:
731:
724:
722:
716:
709:
707:
704:
697:
695:
692:
685:
681:
678:
643:
642:
637:
612:
611:
605:
595:
585:
579:
565:
523:Yemen warblers
487:willow warbler
450:Conrad Gessner
408:
405:
320:
319:
318:
317:
309:Curruca minula
306:
294:
292:(L, 1758)
289:Sylvia curruca
286:
272:
271:
265:
264:
258:
252:
250: Resident
246:
244: Breeding
240:
232:
231:
223:
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185:
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1031:Birding World
1025:
1022:
1019:
1018:0-19-268579-1
1015:
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1005:
1003:
999:
996:
992:
988:
985:
984:
983:Zool. Scripta
977:
974:
971:
970:0-691-08833-0
967:
963:
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933:
929:
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843:
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723:
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713:
708:
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689:
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677:
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649:described by
648:
641:
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621:
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552:
548:
544:
538:
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532:
531:aridification
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
503:
499:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
464:
459:
458:Ernst Hartert
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
432:
431:binomial name
428:
427:
422:
421:tenth edition
418:
417:Carl Linnaeus
414:
406:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:insectivorous
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
345:
342:. This small
341:
337:
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327:
314:
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256: Passage
238:
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197:Binomial name
194:
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189:
184:
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165:
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159:
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154:Passeriformes
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128:
125:
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119:
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98:
94:
88:
83:
82:Least Concern
72:
68:
63:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1272:
1102:
1081:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1009:
986:
981:
976:
961:
957:
953:
948:
936:. Retrieved
931:
901:
891:
881:
871:
861:
851:
840:
830:
807:
801:
789:. Retrieved
775:
769:
763:
752:
732:
717:
674:halimodendri
673:
659:
646:
644:
639:
634:
613:
607:
601:
597:
591:
587:
581:
571:
567:
561:
557:
543:superspecies
539:
526:
495:
479:last ice age
472:
461:
437:
433:
424:
410:
395:. This is a
382:
377:
373:
363:
349:is strongly
330:
329:
325:
323:
308:
296:
288:
277:
236:
205:
203:
187:
186:
174:
50:
29:
1474:iNaturalist
1204:iNaturalist
1127:Wikispecies
1037:(1): 12–15.
938:10 November
920:Gill, Frank
877:Mayr, Ernst
842:continentur
645:Similarly,
616:Caspian Sea
576:supercilium
513:group, the
361:and India.
284:, 1758
1574:Categories
1552:Xeno-canto
1118:Q110257504
791:21 October
744:References
655:Banjkovski
618:area into
551:subspecies
517:, and the
483:chiffchaff
429:under the
403:are laid.
340:Palearctic
237:S. curruca
760:(2019) .
624:phylogeny
470:in 1802.
351:migratory
344:passerine
235:Range of
182:Species:
164:Sylviidae
120:Kingdom:
114:Eukaryota
49:Nominate
1492:11189308
1375:bob12740
1339:22734992
1334:BirdLife
1326:6AF31870
1282:Wikidata
1222:22734992
1196:11034996
1183:60783396
1170:22734992
1165:BirdLife
1154:BioLib:
1112:Wikidata
899:(1802).
859:(1909).
838:(1555).
662:Landsort
620:Mongolia
527:Parisoma
500:and the
454:locality
407:Taxonomy
269:Synonyms
214:Linnaeus
160:Family:
134:Chordata
130:Phylum:
124:Animalia
110:Domain:
87:IUCN 3.1
1585:Curruca
1466:2492960
1401:leswhi1
1362:leswhi1
1321:Avibase
1288:Q206089
1209:1289484
1142:Avibase
1075:Avibase
680:Gallery
628:hybrids
535:Arabian
533:of the
463:Curruca
446:Juvenal
440:is the
438:curruca
423:of his
389:berries
366:species
304:, 1878)
175:Curruca
170:Genus:
150:Order:
140:Class:
85: (
55:Wrocław
1531:463174
1505:563190
1422:EURING
1301:leswhi
1016:
968:
954:Sylvia
818:
666:Sweden
622:. The
359:Arabia
355:Sahara
315:, 1873
260:
254:
248:
242:
59:Poland
1544:17103
1487:IRMNG
1479:15288
1440:97349
1427:12740
1409:EUNIS
1396:eBird
1388:7B74C
1359:BOW:
1352:68523
1248:43163
670:mtDNA
651:Ognev
547:basal
519:brown
442:Latin
393:fruit
1500:ITIS
1461:GBIF
1414:1300
1347:BOLD
1243:NCBI
1217:IUCN
1191:GBIF
1157:8912
1014:ISBN
966:ISBN
940:2023
816:ISBN
793:2022
776:2019
737:MHNT
653:and
521:and
491:taxa
485:and
401:eggs
397:bird
347:bird
324:The
313:Hume
302:Hume
218:1758
144:Aves
1539:TSA
1513:NBN
1383:CoL
1370:BTO
1308:ADW
1297:ABA
1230:NBN
1178:EoL
991:doi
958:In:
812:125
780:doi
720:egg
378:che
376:or
374:tet
53:in
1576::
1554::
1541::
1528::
1515::
1502::
1489::
1476::
1463::
1450::
1437::
1424::
1411::
1398::
1385::
1372::
1349::
1336::
1323::
1310::
1299::
1284::
1261:78
1258::
1245::
1232::
1219::
1206::
1193::
1180::
1167::
1144::
1129::
1114::
1035:14
1001:^
987:35
956:.
930:.
911:^
814:.
774:.
768:.
735:-
630::
600:–
590:–
570:–
560:–
357:,
216:,
57:,
1084:)
993::
942:.
824:.
795:.
782::
766:"
762:"
578:.
328:(
300:(
282:L
220:)
212:(
89:)
20:)
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