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Bint Jbeil and stayed with Sheykh
Muhammad Al Kanji whom Muruwwa described as having changed the course of his entire life. One of these changes was a sudden realization that he was unwillingly thrown into a series of conflicts he wasn't prepared for; the other was his participation in a weekly book auction which led him to purchase a collection of works and poems (Arabic: ديوان) belonging to 19th-century Iraqi poet Ibrahim Al Tabtaba'ee. However, when he was seen reading the book by his colleagues and professors, Muruwwa was met with harsh criticism and resistance. Despite this, his interest in literature deepened, and the more it deepened, the more he was shamed for it. Also around this time, Muruwwa was acquainted with many ideas that conflicted with his teachings such as Marxism,
288:(the Najafi-‘Amili Youth), which even further alienated him from his peers. All of this combined with his rough mental state developed into another internal conflict, but rather than being based on his studies, this conflict challenged and shook his entire belief system to its core. He was chosen to take part in a campaign to diminish the influence of the
218:, ("Husayn's mother" in Arabic) was a kind woman, who despite having Husayn as her only child, raised him strictly just like her husband, who brought up Husayn in the hope that he would succeed him in his work as a religious cleric. Husayn described his father's upbringing as depriving him of his childhood; he was forced to wear the traditional robe of a
584:"The book introduces a method of dealing with the Arab and Islamic heritage that adopts a scientific methodology that is still taking its first steps to the Arab library by other Arab authors, revealing what progressive values and material tendencies were found in that philosophical heritage while defining the stages of Arab thought."
502:
On 17 February 1987, two well-dressed, armed men knocked on
Muruwwa’s door to which his wife answered; she was told they had important news from the LCP. She reluctantly told them he was ill in bed and led them to his room where one of the men sat him up, put a silenced pistol to his head, and shot;
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as a representative of the
Lebanese branch of the Arab Writers’ Association. This was his first trip to the USSR and it deeply resonated with him: he remarked that the relationship between the people and literature that he had witnessed there constituted “a unique interaction unprecedented in the
255:
where he spent 2 weeks after which he finally arrived in Najaf. His education in there was cut short when his professor sheykh Ali Al Zein, whom he deeply admired, had to return to
Lebanon due to illness. After that, he headed to Badkoobeh School where he met up with 2 of his fellow students from
31:
296:
and atheism across the student body". This devastated him, and shortly after his return to
Baghdad, he planned to end his studies. He started teaching in several schools, first in Baghdad and Damascus, then back in Lebanon where he married his wife Fatima Bazzi in
371:, the pro-British government in Iraq took back power and executed many members and associates of the ICP (including the aforementioned Husayn Muhammad Al-Shabibi who was hanged), consequently, Muruwwa was expelled from Iraq and stripped of his nationality.
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but after due consideration and persuasion from his peers in addition to receiving financial support from family in
Argentina, he decided to commence his studies in 1934 and after 4 gruelling years, he completed his education in 1938, officially becoming a
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scholar (black robes and a turban) at the age of eight, which his classmates constantly ridiculed him for. Before receiving his elementary education in the public school of
Haddatha where he learned how to read and write, Husayn studied the
366:
and taught in a Jewish high school where one student described
Muruwwa as a "progressive gentleman who showed no ethnic discrimination" who was "a nationalist who hated the British influence in Iraq". However, one year after the success of
144:
philosopher, journalist, author, and literary critic. His longest and most famous work, "Materialist
Tendencies in Arabic-Islamic Philosophy" (2 vols., 1979), was a Marxist interpretation of traditional Arab texts. Muruwwa was born in
173:. In Beirut he published books and wrote hundreds of articles for newspapers and magazines on numerous issues from a Marxist point of view. Muruwwa completed his doctoral thesis in Moscow. He also played a key role in the
292:
in Al-Amarah (Damascus) by running a library in the area. He took his new job as an opportunity to cope with his struggles. However, not long after, he was fired from this job for "spreading
432:. In 1968 he would visit Moscow again, but this time he would begin work on his doctoral thesis, an accumulation of decades worth of knowledge, a historical materialist interpretation of
444:
which he would complete in 1974. Muhruwwa's work on his thesis would ultimately develop into his most famous work, what he described as his magnum opus, the 2-volume book entitled
243:, and the help of Muruwwa's cousin Ahmad, enough money was gathered from family members to send Muruwwa to study in Iraq. On his trip to Najaf, Muruwwa recalled his first visit to
387:(Arabic: الثقافة الوطنية) which was sold around the Arab world and sold thousands of copies in Cairo alone. After launching the newspaper, he formally became a member of the
503:
Muruwwa died instantly. The men fled and were never charged. Prior to and after his assassination, over 40 other members of the LCP were also killed in similar conditions.
361:
177:(LCP) and many of its administrative branches. However, due to his revolutionary activity, he was assassinated in his house in Beirut on 17 February 1987 during the
840:
415:. Although essential, Muruwwa's work in the LCP was mostly intellectual and relating to the partisans of peace so he rarely took part in administrative issues.
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which made it a target of other factions. Despite this, Muruwwa continued writing even in the harshest circumstances and conditions in the LCP-owned newspaper
284:, he met and expressed his love for his future wife, Fatima Bazzi. On top of that, during this period he also expressed public support for the controversial
627:
With his wife Fatima Bazzi, Muruwwa had nine children and thirty grandchildren, many of whom have worked in similar fields ranging from the arts, such as
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lens that was used to interpret these texts for a thousand years, he portrayed these early
Islamic and Arab traditional texts from a purely scientific,
860:
206:. His father, Ali Muruwwa, was a sheikh, a prominent religious scholar, and a well-respected man in his community who received his education in
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presented annually to African and Asian authors by the Afro-Asian Writers' Association, also known as Association of Asian and African Writers.
553:
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which is when he started to wear white clothing in the summer instead of the required yellow clothing; additionally, a year after arriving in
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about the martyrs of the uprising, which for him was the tipping point to his proper transition to communism. During this time he read
483:
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With help from the Lebanese ambassador in Iraq, Muruwwa returned to Lebanon in 1951 where he found a job as a writer at the magazine
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history of humanity”, he was struck by how Soviet writers were “of the people” and therefore their essential style was that of
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but also his detailed familiarity with the contributions Soviet orientalists made to the study of early Islamic history."
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548:(النزعات المادية في الفلسفة العربية الإسلامية) 1978. In these two volumes, rather than using the traditional religious,
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After Ali Muruwwa’s death, which left the family in financial ruin, Husayn's hopes of pursuing his religious studies in
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like many generations of men before him, but after years, even decades, of intellectual reconciliation, he converted to
571:"The book contains a dizzying array of information and analysis that display not only Muruwwah’s immense knowledge of
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heritage. He returned to Moscow again in 1971 with his wife and spent 3 more years finishing up his thesis in the
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520:(مع القافلة) 1952. Translates to "With the Caravan" and is a collection of some of Muruwwa's articles in the
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Shortly after completing his education, he removed his religious garb, started teaching Arabic literature in
326:
383:, and later with assistance from Muhammad Dakroub and Faraj Allah Al-Hilo, Muruwwa launched the newspaper
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for three months. Ali Muruwwa died when Husayn was 12 and Om Husayn died in his arms when Husayn was 20.
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seemed non-existent. But eventually, in 1924, at the age of 16, following the intervention of Shaykh
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790:"النزعات المادية في الفلسفة العربية الإسلامية.. كيف يمكن قراءة التراث في حركيته التاريخية؟"
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which led to his expulsion from Iraq. He spent the second half of his life in between
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began in 1948 after observing the essential role of the ICP in the success of the
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The Twelver Shia in modern times : religious culture & political history
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Born a Sheykh, I'll Die a Child: Autobiography in a discussion with Abbas Baydoun
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Born a Sheykh, I'll Die a Child: Autobiography in a discussion with Abbas Baydoun
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482:. Additionally, in the early 80s Muruwwah played a key role in establishing the
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In December 1954, Muruwwa attended the Second Congress of Soviet Writers in
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Like most Lebanese-Marxist intellectuals at the time, Muruwwa remained in
153:, studied in Iraq, taught in Syria, completed his higher education in the
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685:(ولدت شيخاً وأموت طفلاً: سيرة ذاتية في حديث اجراه مع عباس بيضون) 1990.
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612:(ولدت شيخاً وأموت طفلاً: سيرة ذاتية في حديث اجراه مع عباس بيضون) 1990.
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by Husayn Muhammad Al-Shabibi, who was one of the founders of the
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Husayn Muruwwa was born either in 1908 or 1910, in the southern
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in Iraq. During these protests, Muruwwa wrote in the newspaper
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Marxist point of view by highlighting the trends in the early
448:(Arabic: النزعات المادية في الفلسفة العربية الإسلامية).
272:. These ideas sowed the first seeds of doubt within his
711:. Rainer Brunner, Werner Ende. Leiden: Brill. 2001.
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Materialist Tendencies in Arabic-Islamic Philosophy
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Materialist Tendencies in Arabic-Islamic Philosophy
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Materialist Tendencies in Arabic-Islamic Philosophy
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540:Critical Studies in Light of Realistic Methodology
764:"Remembering Husayn Muruwwah, the 'Red Mujtahid'"
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340:(ICP). However, Muruwwa's proper transition into
247:at the time. After that, he stayed in a hotel in
399:). For 7 years Muruwwa wrote regularly for both
494:was the only armed resistance group to Israel.
140:) (c. 1909 – 17 February 1987) was a Lebanese
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419:Political Activities and Studies in the USSR
312:Political Activities and Expulsion from Iraq
251:near the Snjakdar Mosque, then he headed to
687:https://bostan-ekotob.com/bostan/18/801.pdf
542:(دراسات نقدية في ضوء المنهج الواقعي) 1965.
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264:introduced to him by authors such as
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841:Lebanese Communist Party politicians
407:until 1957, when he quit his job at
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202:, which was at the time part of the
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348:which was an uprising against the
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866:Assassinated Lebanese journalists
616:Studies in Thought and Literature
861:People of the Lebanese Civil War
280:, on one of his short visits to
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618:(دراسات في الفكر والأدب) 1993.
464:(1975-1990). At the time, the
214:). His mother, referred to as
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241:‘Abd al-Husayn Sharraf al-Din
604:Our Heritage, How we Know it
558:golden age Islamic societies
320:, and expressed interest in
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606:(تراثنا... كيف نعرفه) 1985.
600:(في التراث و الشريعة) 1984.
411:after the assassination of
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836:Literary critics of Arabic
666:Lotus Prize for Literature
474:Lebanese National Movement
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664:In 1980, Muruwwa won the
594:(دراسات في الاسلام) 1980.
405:Al-Thaqafah al-Wataniyyah
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338:Iraqi Communist Party
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796:(in Arabic)
677:Main Source
266:Taha Husayn
198:village of
815:Categories
800:2021-03-05
775:2021-03-05
693:References
550:idealistic
282:Bint Jbeil
106:Philosophy
769:Jadaliyya
735:cite book
524:magazine.
492:Hezbollah
274:worldview
262:Darwinism
216:Om Husayn
190:Childhood
138:حسين مروة
727:44518259
522:Al-Hayat
512:Writings
409:Al-Hayat
401:Al-Hauat
381:Al-Hayat
305:mujtahid
249:Damascus
200:Haddatha
196:Lebanese
147:Haddatha
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633:theatre
562:Marxist
479:Al Nida
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322:Marxist
318:Baghdad
258:atheism
253:Baghdad
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151:Lebanon
142:Marxist
110:Marxism
78:gunshot
49:Lebanon
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659:Awards
623:Family
573:turath
458:Beirut
434:Arabic
425:Moscow
358:Stalin
294:heresy
260:, and
245:Beirut
225:Qu'ran
171:Moscow
167:Beirut
159:sheikh
134:Arabic
130:Mroueh
639:(see
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498:Death
278:Najaf
237:Najaf
220:Shi'i
208:Najaf
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651:and
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635:and
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