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framework predict that some eukaryotes never possessed mitochondria. The hydrogen hypothesis predicts that no primitively mitochondrion-lacking eukaryotes ever existed. In the 15 years following the publication of the hydrogen hypothesis, this specific prediction has been tested many times and found
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Spang, Anja; Saw, Jimmy H.; Jørgensen, Steffen L.; Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna; Martijn, Joran; Lind, Anders E.; van Eijk, Roel; Schleper, Christa; Guy, Lionel; Ettema, Thijs J. G. (2015).
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framework do not address the common ancestry of mitochondria and hydrogenosomes. The hypothesis provides a straightforward explanation for the observation that eukaryotes are genetic
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with genes of archaeal and eubacterial ancestry. Furthermore, it would imply that archaea and eukarya split after the modern groups of archaea appeared. Most theories within the
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cytoskeletal structure) as the sister group to eukaryotes called into question particular tenets of the hydrogen hypothesis, as
Lokiarchaeota appear to lack methanogenesis.
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137:. Examples from modern biology are known where methanogens cluster around hydrogenosomes within eukaryotic cells. Most theories within the
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and provides a rationale for their common ancestry with mitochondria. Hydrogenosomes are anaerobic mitochondria that produce
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A symbiotic relationship between the two started, based on the host's hydrogen dependence (anaerobic
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evolved a nucleus but lacked mitochondria, the latter arising as a eukaryote engulfed a primitive
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López-Garćia P and
Moreira D (1999). "Metabolic symbiosis at the origin of eukaryotes".
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Poole AM and Penny D (2007). "Evaluating hypotheses for the origin of eukaryotes".
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Martin W and Müller M (1998). "The hydrogen hypothesis for the first eukaryote".
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and Miklós Müller in 1998 that describes a possible way in which the
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that eventually became the mitochondrion. The hypothesis attaches
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The hypothesis differs from many alternative views within the
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which produced hydrogen and carbon dioxide as byproducts of
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Power, Sex, Suicide: Mitochondria and the
Meaning of Life
109:framework, which suggest that the first eukaryotic
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195:"Eukaryotic evolution, changes and challenges"
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55:The hosts that acquired the mitochondria were
40:association of two cells from which the first
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153:In 2015, the discovery and placement of the
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51:According to the hydrogen hypothesis:
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133:into hydrogen, carbon dioxide and
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32:within a prokaryotic host in the
67:archaea, which use hydrogen and
193:Embley TM and Martin W (2006).
78:The future mitochondrion was a
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298:10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01342-5
260:. Oxford University Press.
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129:by, as a rule, converting
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20:is a model proposed by
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87:anaerobic respiration
147:endosymbiotic theory
139:endosymbiotic theory
107:endosymbiotic theory
437:10.1038/nature14447
429:2015Natur.521..173S
336:1998Natur.392...37M
219:10.1038/nature04546
211:2006Natur.440..623E
44:could have arisen (
36:, giving rise to a
18:hydrogen hypothesis
390:10.1002/bies.20516
286:Trends Biochem Sci
423:(7551): 173–179.
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205:(7084): 623–630.
22:William F. Martin
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30:endosymbiont
28:arose as an
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83:eubacterium
71:to produce
59:-dependent
469:Categories
252:Lane, Nick
177:References
378:BioEssays
115:bacterium
101:Mechanism
94:syntrophy
38:symbiotic
455:25945739
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254:(2005).
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171:Archezoa
165:See also
143:chimeras
131:pyruvate
57:hydrogen
446:4444528
425:Bibcode
352:9510246
332:Bibcode
235:4396543
207:Bibcode
135:acetate
73:methane
61:archaea
34:archaea
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360:338885
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231:S2CID
159:actin
111:cells
451:PMID
394:PMID
348:PMID
302:PMID
262:ISBN
223:PMID
16:The
441:PMC
433:doi
421:521
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328:392
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127:ATP
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