258:, which is used in pharmaceuticals. When released slowly, scopolamine reduces the nausea of motion sickness or post-operative recovery. In eye drops it dilates the pupils and paralyzes the focusing muscles, which is useful in optical surgery. The roasted seeds are used to make an intoxicating drink, and the leaves are smoked for their intoxicating effect, and to relieve the symptoms of asthma. The leaves may also be applied as a poultice to relieve pain.
46:
225:, commonly known as Egyptian henbane, is native to Sub-Saharan Africa from Mauritania to Sudan and is also found in Saudi Arabia and the eastern Mediterranean. It grows in arid rocky localities, wadis and plains. The wild plants are used in traditional local medicine. It is sometimes cultivated in countries such as Egypt, Pakistan and India for its medicinal alkaloids, which may be exported to countries such as Germany.
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Egyptian henbane is a perennial herb or shrub with a height of up to 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in). It is a stout succulent, with long stems that have many branches in their upper parts. The lower leaves are broad, while the upper leaves are narrower. The flowers are formed in dense
278:
were approached by a group of
Tuaregs who sold them milk, meat and dates at a high price. The dates turned out to be poisoned with a substance that caused dizziness and psychosis. This came from the plant called
265:
use it as a fish poison. An overdose causes symptoms such as an extremely dry throat, constipation, a rapid pulse, blurred vision, excitement, hallucinations, delirium and death. The wives of the Roman emperors
214:
that is native to desert areas of North Africa. It contains alkaloids that are useful in pharmaceuticals. It is used locally as a painkiller and a recreational drug. In high dosages it can be fatal.
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inflorescences up to 30 centimetres (12 in) long. They have white or green corolla and upper lips in deep purple-violet. The fruit is a capsule.
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287:). The effect was to induce a burning sensation in the victims' lungs, and to cause them to rush about madly and fire off their guns.
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The plant is toxic in higher doses, and deaths have been reported from eating locusts that had eaten
Egyptian henbane. The
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A Desert Named Peace: The
Violence of France's Empire in the Algerian Sahara, 1844–1902
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used the plant as a poison to eliminate rivals. In
February 1881 the survivors of the
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283:by the Tuaregs and El Bettina by the Arabs (
254:The leaves are high in alkaloids including
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485:"The Proposed Trans-Saharian Railway"
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229:(1852–1903) successfully cultivated
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505:Wilkinson, Gordon (9 April 2011),
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802:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:815931-1
439:Dictionary of National Biography
401:Brower, Benjamin Claude (2011),
44:
454:Useful Tropical Plants Database
433:"Floyer, Ernest Ayscoghe"
443:. Vol. 2. pp. 36–37.
210:, is a shrub in the family of
1:
407:, Columbia University Press,
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16:Species of flowering plant
511:Wilderness Ventures Egypt
471:EOL: Encyclopedia of Life
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168:
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41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
334:Hyoscyamus muticus – EOL
493:Charles Scribner's Sons
233:to obtain the alkaloid
483:Ney, Napoleon (1891),
227:Ernest Ayscoghe Floyer
866:Flora of North Africa
467:"Hyoscyamus muticus"
450:"Hyoscyamus muticus"
489:Scribner's Magazine
285:Hyoscyamus falezlez
276:Flatters Expedition
193:Hyoscyamus falezlez
573:Hyoscyamus muticus
543:Hyoscyamus muticus
448:Fern, Ken (2014),
231:Hyoscyamus muticus
223:Hyoscyamus muticus
203:Hyoscyamus muticus
172:Hyoscyamus muticus
25:Hyoscyamus muticus
848:
847:
758:Open Tree of Life
535:Taxon identifiers
414:978-0-231-15493-2
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507:"Sakaran سكران"
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250:Medical effects
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154:H. muticus
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838:wfo-0001021849
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163:Binomial name
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519:, retrieved
515:the original
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776:kew-2857440
680:iNaturalist
567:Wikispecies
361:Brower 2011
256:scopolamine
241:Description
235:hyoscyamine
84:Angiosperms
861:Hyoscyamus
855:Categories
771:Plant List
521:2017-09-06
498:2017-07-29
476:2017-09-06
459:2017-09-06
420:2017-09-04
291:References
212:Solanaceae
141:Hyoscyamus
130:Solanaceae
310:Fern 2014
148:Species:
120:Solanales
54:Kingdom:
815:29604516
810:Tropicos
711:10601782
698:815931-1
552:Wikidata
430:(1912).
385:Ney 1891
373:Ney 1891
281:Falezlez
272:Claudius
268:Augustus
185:Synonyms
126:Family:
110:Asterids
97:Eudicots
659:2928977
558:Q254080
394:Sources
218:General
136:Genus:
116:Order:
58:Plantae
784:PLANTS
763:689845
724:505850
685:547161
646:hyomut
643:FoIO:
623:485005
597:438837
584:153852
581:APDB:
411:
206:, the
822:WoI:
789:HYMU3
750:35626
706:IRMNG
672:19531
636:HSYMU
610:3NM3N
104:Clade
91:Clade
78:Clade
65:Clade
797:POWO
745:NCBI
719:ITIS
693:IPNI
667:GRIN
654:GBIF
631:EPPO
592:BOLD
409:ISBN
270:and
833:WFO
825:512
732:NBN
618:EoL
605:CoL
857::
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509:,
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436:.
341:^
298:^
237:.
178:L.
106::
93::
80::
67::
351:.
336:.
324:.
312:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
