20:
495:). The therapist then raises the subject's arm and allows it to drop, to further impress the state of relaxation. Lastly, the therapist has the subject visualize clouds and numbers within those clouds, as they blow away (each number that blows away increases the effect of the trance) until the subject is too tired to think of any more numbers. This process takes several minutes, but has been known to be effective enough to prepare patients for certain types of surgery.
498:
However, there are even faster instant hypnosis inductions (such as 'snap' inductions) which employ the principles of shock and surprise. A shock to the nervous system of the subject causes their conscious mind to be temporarily disengaged. During this brief window of distraction the hypnotist
450:
argued that techniques of hypnotic induction were merely empty-but-popularly-expected rituals, inessential for hypnosis to occur: hypnosis on this view is a process of influence, which is only enhanced (or formalized) through expected cultural rituals.
444:, during which critical faculties are reduced, and subjects are more prone to accept the hypnotist's commands and suggestions. Evidence of changes in brain activity and mental processes have also been associated experimentally with hypnotic inductions.
419:
methods of induction, as opposed to “the direct methods of influence by way of staring or stroking”—all leading however to the same result, the subject's unconscious concentration on the hypnotist. The swinging watch and intense eye gaze -- staples of
484:, where the gradual relaxation of a client may be preferred over faster inductions. Generally, a hypnotherapist will use the induction they find most appropriate and effective for each individual client.
491:-- which involve having the subject imagine that their eyes are just too relaxed to keep open, so that the harder they try to keep them open, the harder it becomes to keep them open (otherwise known as a
457:
pointed out in opposition that, while cultural expectations are important in hypnotic induction, seeing hypnosis only as a conscious process of influence fails to account for such phenomena as
265:
469:
In early hypnotic literature a hypnosis induction was a gradual, drawn-out process. Methods were designed to relax the hypnotic subject into a state of inner focus (during which their
720:
Time
Distortion – A Comparison of Hypnotic Induction and Progressive Relaxation Procedures: A Brief Communication - Clement von Kirchenheim & Michael A. Persinger
829:, Ph.D. Dissertation, School of History and Philosophy of Science, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, January 2013.
578:
130:
755:
97:
672:
Keys To The Mind - How to
Hypnotize Anybody and Practice Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy Correctly - by Dr. Richard K Nongard and Nathan Thomas
19:
371:
308:
767:
23:
Braid's (1841) "upwards and inwards squint" standard induction method, as demonstrated by James Coates (1843-1933) in 1904.
473:
would come to the forefront) and the hypnotist would be better able to influence them and help them effect changes at the
285:
240:
328:
270:
397:
is also possible, in which a subject listens to a recorded induction or plays the roles of both hypnotist and subject.
563:
421:
573:
44:
824:
185:
558:
318:
499:
quickly intervenes, allowing the subject to enter the state of intense, hyper imagination and inner focus.
364:
405:
160:
140:
458:
333:
323:
250:
220:
150:
115:
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However, newer and faster methods have been suggested -- such as the Elman
Induction, introduced by
548:
533:
408:
in the nineteenth century saw fixing the eyes on a bright object as the key to hypnotic induction.
155:
145:
92:
447:
275:
190:
125:
843:
763:
751:
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that “with one look of his eye – with a word – Svengali could turn her into the other Trilby”.
509:
357:
436:
Hypnotic induction may be defined as whatever is necessary to get a person into the state of
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49:
387:
is the process undertaken by a hypnotist to establish the state or conditions required for
165:
583:
454:
280:
170:
120:
794:
588:
514:
441:
215:
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175:
59:
837:
797:
Human
Magnetism; or, How to Hypnotise: A Practical Handbook for Students of Mesmerism
553:
543:
394:
260:
255:
235:
225:
205:
195:
69:
64:
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481:
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210:
424:-- are not used in practice as the rapidly changing movements, and the obvious
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338:
180:
743:
135:
425:
519:
388:
30:
437:
343:
662:. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. p. 110.
621:. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. p. 109.
412:
428:
of their application, would be distracting rather than focusing.
707:
O. L. Zangwill, 'Experimental
Hypnosis' in R. Gregory ed.,
694:
O. L. Zangwill, 'Experimental
Hypnosis' in R. Gregory ed.,
415:
saw fixing the eyes, or listening to a monotonous sound as
631:
O. L. Zangwill, 'History of
Hypnotism' in R. Gregory ed.,
827:
James Braid: Surgeon, Gentleman
Scientist, and Hypnotist
748:
Transforming
Therapy a New Approach to Hypnotherapy
440:— i.e., when understood as a state of increased
365:
8:
778:Du Maurier, quoted in J. Pintar/S. J. Lynn,
372:
358:
26:
422:hypnotic induction in film and television
18:
600:
29:
607:Coates (1904), Figure II, facing p.23.
7:
731:Clinical and Meditative Hypnotherapy
465:Faster methods of hypnotic induction
98:Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism
646:Civilization, Society and Religion
635:(1987) p. 331; also Yeates (2013).
579:The Salpêtrière School of Hypnosis
309:Hypnotherapy in the United Kingdom
14:
480:These are still used, notably in
709:The Oxford Companion to the Mind
696:The Oxford Companion to the Mind
633:The Oxford Companion to the Mind
518:, we are told of the hypnotist
1:
461:or post-hypnotic suggestion.
683:Oxford Handbook of Hypnotism
660:Alterations of Consciousness
619:Alterations of Consciousness
329:Neuro-linguistic programming
819:Hypnotherapeutic Techniques
817:A. Barabasz/J. G. Watkins,
799:, London: Nichols & Co.
564:Hypnosis in popular culture
860:
286:André Muller Weitzenhoffer
241:Ambroise-Auguste Liébeault
780:Hypnosis: A Brief History
574:Projective identification
45:Age regression in therapy
758:, and Charles Tebbetts'
186:William Collins Engledue
116:Theodore Xenophon Barber
658:Baryss, Imants (2003).
617:Baryss, Imants (2003).
559:Hypnotic susceptibility
319:Hypnotic susceptibility
795:Coates, James (1904),
401:Traditional techniques
24:
161:Robert Hanham Collyer
22:
459:posthypnotic amnesia
334:Posthypnotic amnesia
324:Ideomotor phenomenon
251:Martin Theodore Orne
221:Josephine R. Hilgard
151:William Joseph Bryan
742:See, for instance,
549:History of hypnosis
534:Jean Martin Charcot
266:Marquis of Puységur
156:Jean-Martin Charcot
146:John Milne Bramwell
93:History of hypnosis
760:Miracles on Demand
448:Theodore X. Barber
385:Hypnotic induction
314:Hypnotic induction
276:Theodore R. Sarbin
191:Milton H. Erickson
131:Alexandre Bertrand
126:Hippolyte Bernheim
25:
756:978-0-930-29813-5
648:(PFL 12) p. 158-9
510:George du Maurier
503:Literary examples
411:A century later,
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681:M. R. Nash ed.,
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291:Michael D. Yapko
50:Animal magnetism
27:
16:Hypnotic process
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805:Further reading
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455:Oliver Zangwill
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281:Nicholas Spanos
171:John Bovee Dods
121:Deirdre Barrett
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87:Origins/History
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825:Yeates, L.B.,
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810:T. X. Barber,
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589:Suggestibility
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442:suggestibility
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303:Related topics
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176:Baron du Potet
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60:Stage hypnosis
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685:(2011) p. 387
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554:Hypnoid state
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544:Faith healing
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413:Sigmund Freud
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395:Self-hypnosis
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70:Hypnoanalysis
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65:Self-hypnosis
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733:(2006) p. 10
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569:Nancy School
513:
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482:hypnotherapy
479:
475:subconscious
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313:
246:Franz Mesmer
231:Pierre Janet
75:Hypnosurgery
55:Hypnotherapy
39:Applications
782:(2009) p. 1
539:Double bind
493:double-bind
471:imagination
406:James Braid
211:Erika Fromm
141:James Braid
110:Key figures
789:References
768:0930298284
644:S. Freud,
489:Dave Elman
391:to occur.
339:Suggestion
181:Dave Elman
166:Émile Coué
744:Gil Boyne
729:A. Jain,
136:Gil Boyne
844:Hypnosis
838:Category
812:Hypnosis
762:(1987),
527:See also
520:Svengali
417:indirect
389:hypnosis
31:Hypnosis
750:(1989)
477:level.
432:Debates
821:(2005)
814:(1969)
766:
754:
515:Trilby
438:trance
426:cliché
344:Trance
596:Notes
764:ISBN
752:ISBN
746:'s
512:'s
508:In
840::
373:e
366:t
359:v
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