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Takeshima, Hirohiko; Iguchi, Kei-ichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi (2005): Unexpected
Ceiling of Genetic Differentiation in the Control Region of the Mitochondrial DNA between Different Subspecies of the Ayu
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of the human mitogenome, the most variable sites of HVR1 are numbered 16024-16383 (this subsequence is called HVR-I), and the most variable sites of HVR2 are numbered 57-372 (
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Antibodies are remarkably specific, thanks to hypervariable regions in both light and heavy chains. The hyperbariable regions for the antigen-binding site.
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repeat (in the case of nuclear DNA) or have substitutions (in the case of mitochondrial DNA). Changes or repeats in the hypervariable region are highly
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accumulate mutations faster and more freely. It is not known whether such hypovariable control regions are more widespread. In the
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Human mitochondrial genome showing hypervariable regions I to III (green boxes) located in the control region (CR; grey box).
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are far lower in the control region than elsewhere. This phenomenon completely defies explanation at present.
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There are two mitochondrial hypervariable regions used in human mitochondrial
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DNA: Forensic and Legal
Applications, Explanation of Hypervariable Regions
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222:. They also contribute to the specificity of each antibody. In a
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Michael Stein; Paul Zei; Gloria Hwang; Radhika
Breaden (2000).
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rate is not markedly lowered, but sequence differences between
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segments of each heavy or light chain fold together at the
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evolves remarkably slowly. Even functional mitochondrial
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A highly polymorphic nuclear or mitochondrial DNA region
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426:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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288:van Oven M, Kayser M (February 2009).
184:protacanthopterygian, control region
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234:to form an antigen binding pocket.
49:Hypervariable region (nucleic acid)
264:Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
239:Complementarity-determining region
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382:Cracking The Boards: USMLE Step 1
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335:. Retrieved on 4 February 2016.
55:Hypervariable region (antibody)
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254:Cambridge Reference Sequence
166:mitochondrial control region
139:Cambridge Reference Sequence
18:Hypervariable control region
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428:Medical Subject Headings
131:genealogical DNA testing
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178:Plecoglossus altivelis
156:, for example certain
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259:Genealogical DNA test
206:Somatic hypermutation
145:HVR-II) and 438-574 (
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46:into articles titled
424:Hypervariable+region
387:The Princeton Review
269:mtDNA control region
83:hypervariable region
454:Genetic engineering
202:V(D)J recombination
158:Protacanthopterygii
364:10.2108/zsj.22.401
307:10.1002/humu.20921
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449:Genetic genealogy
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154:bony fishes
111:polymorphic
107:nucleotides
91:nuclear DNA
459:Antibodies
443:Categories
352:Zool. Sci.
275:References
237:See also:
232:N-terminus
212:antibodies
196:Antibodies
190:subspecies
182:East Asian
149:HVR-III).
135:haplogroup
103:base pairs
226:, the 3 H
101:in which
67:June 2022
316:18853457
248:See also
186:mutation
152:In some
162:Gadidae
93:or the
60:discuss
430:(MeSH)
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180:), an
164:, the
95:D-loop
216:light
170:genes
147:i.e.,
143:i.e.,
43:split
404:2011
391:ISBN
312:PMID
241:and
218:and
204:and
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360:doi
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210:In
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