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Takeshima, Hirohiko; Iguchi, Kei-ichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi (2005): Unexpected
Ceiling of Genetic Differentiation in the Control Region of the Mitochondrial DNA between Different Subspecies of the Ayu
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of the human mitogenome, the most variable sites of HVR1 are numbered 16024-16383 (this subsequence is called HVR-I), and the most variable sites of HVR2 are numbered 57-372 (
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Antibodies are remarkably specific, thanks to hypervariable regions in both light and heavy chains. The hyperbariable regions for the antigen-binding site.
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repeat (in the case of nuclear DNA) or have substitutions (in the case of mitochondrial DNA). Changes or repeats in the hypervariable region are highly
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accumulate mutations faster and more freely. It is not known whether such hypovariable control regions are more widespread. In the
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Human mitochondrial genome showing hypervariable regions I to III (green boxes) located in the control region (CR; grey box).
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are far lower in the control region than elsewhere. This phenomenon completely defies explanation at present.
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There are two mitochondrial hypervariable regions used in human mitochondrial
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DNA: Forensic and Legal
Applications, Explanation of Hypervariable Regions
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211:. They also contribute to the specificity of each antibody. In a
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Michael Stein; Paul Zei; Gloria Hwang; Radhika
Breaden (2000).
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rate is not markedly lowered, but sequence differences between
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segments of each heavy or light chain fold together at the
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evolves remarkably slowly. Even functional mitochondrial
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A highly polymorphic nuclear or mitochondrial DNA region
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415:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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277:van Oven M, Kayser M (February 2009).
173:protacanthopterygian, control region
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223:to form an antigen binding pocket.
38:Hypervariable region (nucleic acid)
253:Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
228:Complementarity-determining region
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371:Cracking The Boards: USMLE Step 1
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324:. Retrieved on 4 February 2016.
44:Hypervariable region (antibody)
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243:Cambridge Reference Sequence
155:mitochondrial control region
128:Cambridge Reference Sequence
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417:Medical Subject Headings
120:genealogical DNA testing
78:) is a location within
336:Plecoglossus altivelis
167:Plecoglossus altivelis
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248:Genealogical DNA test
195:Somatic hypermutation
134:HVR-II) and 438-574 (
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35:into articles titled
413:Hypervariable+region
376:The Princeton Review
258:mtDNA control region
72:hypervariable region
443:Genetic engineering
191:V(D)J recombination
147:Protacanthopterygii
353:10.2108/zsj.22.401
296:10.1002/humu.20921
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438:Genetic genealogy
126:. In the revised
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391:5 September
143:bony fishes
100:polymorphic
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80:nuclear DNA
448:Antibodies
432:Categories
341:Zool. Sci.
264:References
226:See also:
221:N-terminus
201:antibodies
185:Antibodies
179:subspecies
171:East Asian
138:HVR-III).
124:haplogroup
92:base pairs
215:, the 3 H
90:in which
56:June 2022
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237:See also
175:mutation
141:In some
151:Gadidae
82:or the
49:discuss
419:(MeSH)
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169:), an
153:, the
84:D-loop
205:light
159:genes
136:i.e.,
132:i.e.,
32:split
393:2011
380:ISBN
301:PMID
230:and
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