63:
42:
2816:
428:
1029:
Woo, P. C.; Lau, S. K.; Tsoi, H. W.; Huang, Y.; Poon, R. W.; Chu, C. M.; Lee, R. A.; Luk, W. K.; Wong, G. K.; Wong, B. H.; Cheng, V. C.; Tang, B. S.; Wu, A. K.; Yung, R. W.; Chen, H.; Guan, Y.; Chan, K. H.; Yuen, K. Y. (2005).
867:
Figure 2. Phylogenetic analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (Pol) of coronaviruses with complete genome sequences available. The tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining method and rooted using Breda virus
1364:
de Wilde, Adriaan H.; Jochmans, Dirk; Posthuma, Clara C.; Zevenhoven-Dobbe, Jessika C.; van
Nieuwkoop, Stefan; Bestebroer, Theo M.; van den Hoogen, Bernadette G.; Neyts, Johan; Snijder, Eric J. (August 2014).
1334:
3427:
2319:
401:
359:
1768:
1545:
695:"Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 reveals evolution of different genotypes over time and recent emergence of a novel genotype due to natural recombination"
2850:
744:"Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method"
1367:"Screening of an FDA-Approved Compound Library Identifies Four Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replication in Cell Culture"
3919:
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2056:
411:
367:
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371:
363:
1342:
3965:
1947:
3107:
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1626:
552:
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656:
3071:
1954:
1590:
639:
Fehr AR, Perlman S (2015). "Coronaviruses: An
Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis". In Maier HJ, Bickerton E, Britton P (eds.).
374:-study found a previous HCoV-229E infection in 42.9% – 50.0% of children of 6–12 months of age and in 65% of those 2.5–3.5 years of age.
3128:
2161:
693:
Lau, S. K.; Lee, P.; Tsang, A. K.; Yip, C. C.; Tse, H.; Lee, R. A.; So, L. Y.; Lau, Y. L.; Chan, K. H.; Woo, P. C.; Yuen, K. Y. (2011).
327:
1466:
1418:"Surveillance of Bat Coronaviruses in Kenya Identifies Relatives of Human Coronaviruses NL63 and 229E and Their Recombination History"
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335:
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and are globally distributed. However, the viruses were detected in different parts of the world at different times of the year. A
3433:
2836:
2670:
2382:
1889:
49:
2819:
1991:
1984:
1186:
Gerna, G.; Percivalle, E.; Sarasini, A.; Campanini, G.; Piralla, A.; Rovida, F.; Genini, E.; Marchi, A.; Baldanti, F. (2007).
3032:
3018:
2447:
2389:
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334:. HCoV-229E is also among the coronaviruses most frequently codetected with other respiratory viruses, particularly with
3237:
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3142:
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2156:
62:
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1619:
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Tao, Y.; Shi, M.; Chommanard, C.; Queen, K.; Zhang, J.; Markotter, W.; Kuzmin, I. V.; Holmes, E. C.; Tong, S. (2017).
1078:
Fields, B. N., D. M. Knipe, and P. M. Howley (ed.). 1996. Fields virology, 3rd ed. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, PA.
442:
931:
Pene, F.; Merlat, A.; Vabret, A.; Rozenberg, F.; Buzyn, A.; Dreyfus, F.; Cariou, A.; Freymuth, F.; Lebon, P. (2003).
3884:
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533:
240:
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2254:
882:"A Rare Case of Human Coronavirus 229E Associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Healthy Adult"
1032:"Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia"
3162:
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1188:"Human respiratory coronavirus HKU1 versus other coronavirus infections in Italian hospitalised patients"
3541:
3122:
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1761:
488:
2963:
1237:"Seroepidemiologic survey of coronavirus (Strain OC 43) related infections in a children's population"
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Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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Vassilara, F.; Spyridaki, A.; Pothitos, G.; Deliveliotou, A.; Papadopoulos, A. (2018).
853:
818:
768:
743:
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694:
667:
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578:
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330:(ARDS) in an otherwise healthy patient having no detectable co-infection with another
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2007:
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382:
HCoV-229E is one of seven known coronaviruses to infect humans. The other six are:
319:
111:
326:; there is a single published case report to date of a 229E infection that caused
3869:
817:
Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Huang, Yi; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (2010-08-24).
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135:
1507:
742:
Gaunt, E. R.; Hardie, A.; Claas, E. C.; Simmonds, P.; Templeton, K. E. (2010).
3671:
3455:
3212:
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1203:
577:
Lim, Yvonne Xinyi; Ng, Yan Ling; Tam, James P.; Liu, Ding Xiang (2016-07-25).
1515:
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1649:
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523:
513:
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307:
247:
87:
1451:
1402:
1319:
1301:
1221:
1172:
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1123:
1065:
1015:
982:"An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France"
966:
917:
898:
862:
777:
728:
676:
622:
427:
1523:
1270:
498:(ICTV) approved a new system of naming viruses, by using binomial names.
3863:
3814:
3461:
3203:
3059:
2452:
1572:
1433:
1383:
980:
Vabret, A.; Mourez, T.; Gouarin, S.; Petitjean, J.; Freymuth, F. (2003).
759:
710:
643:. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1282. Springer. pp. 1–23.
518:
331:
17:
1137:
Esper, F.; Weibel, C.; Ferguson, D.; Landry, M. L.; Kahn, J. S. (2006).
3567:
315:
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2467:
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2457:
835:
287:
3840:
1600:
Virus
Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Coronaviridae
1047:
997:
948:
479:
Human HCoV-229E, and human HCoV-NL63, likely originated from bats.
3827:
3586:
3218:
933:"Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients"
74:
466:
346:
HCoV-229E is one of the seven human coronaviruses which include
3911:
3844:
2832:
2745:
1695:
1608:
791:
402:
Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
3053:
421:
244:
412:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
579:"Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus–Host Interactions"
407:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1)
472:, inhibits the replication of Human coronavirus 229E in
1492:"A New Virus Isolated from the Human Respiratory Tract"
1546:"Binomial nomenclature for virus species (continued)"
796:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
557:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
264:
genus), it is one of the viruses responsible for the
2320:
Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
3853:
3804:
3780:
3688:
3611:
3566:
3555:
3384:
3346:
3325:
3293:
3248:
3202:
3081:
3070:
3043:
2870:
2769:
2760:
2705:
2647:
2619:
2608:
2560:
2530:
2502:
2491:
2403:
2359:
2296:
2268:
2191:
2180:
2126:
2098:
2070:
2033:
2005:
1968:
1931:
1903:
1866:
1838:
1810:
1782:
1769:
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum alphacoronavirus HuB-2013
1745:
1717:
1706:
1341:. Decision Support in Medicine, LLC. Archived from
439:
about alpaca virus relative, also derived from bat.
819:"Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis"
1235:Kaye, H. S.; Marsh, H. B.; Dowdle, W. R. (1971).
1139:"Coronavirus HKU1 infection in the United States"
1090:"Human coronavirus NL63, a new respiratory virus"
1088:Van Der Hoek, L.; Pyrc, K.; Berkhout, B. (2006).
491:, Dorothy Hamre, first identified 229E in 1965.
286:HCoV-229E transmits via droplet-respiration and
2057:NL63-related bat coronavirus strain BtKYNL63-9b
1286:"Effects of coronavirus infections in children"
1284:Principi, N.; Bosis, S.; Esposito, S. (2010).
496:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
318:outcomes are almost always seen in cases with
2844:
1620:
1467:"The Secret History Of The First Coronavirus"
250:which enters its host cell by binding to the
8:
1948:Nyctalus velutinus alphacoronavirus SC-2013
3841:
3563:
3343:
3108:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
3078:
2851:
2837:
2829:
2775:
2766:
2757:
2742:
2713:
2655:
2627:
2616:
2568:
2538:
2510:
2499:
2411:
2367:
2304:
2276:
2199:
2188:
2134:
2106:
2078:
2041:
2013:
1976:
1939:
1911:
1874:
1846:
1818:
1790:
1753:
1725:
1714:
1692:
1627:
1613:
1605:
40:
29:
2979:Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
1919:Myotis ricketti alphacoronavirus Sax-2011
1490:Hamre, D.; Procknow, J. J. (1966-01-01).
1441:
1392:
1382:
1309:
1260:
1211:
1162:
1113:
1055:
1005:
956:
907:
897:
852:
834:
767:
718:
666:
612:
594:
298:HCoV-229E is associated with a range of
235:which infects humans and bats. It is an
544:
1371:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
268:. HCoV-229E is a member of the genus
7:
1955:Pipistrellus kuhlii coronavirus 3398
306:to high-morbidity outcomes such as
3129:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
2284:Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013
2162:Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
886:Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
328:acute respiratory distress syndrome
3966:Viral respiratory tract infections
1253:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121293
1036:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
397:Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1)
392:Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43)
387:Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63)
25:
3448:Severe acute respiratory syndrome
2974:Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
2346:Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4
2339:Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5
1496:Experimental Biology and Medicine
1333:Leung, Daniel (20 January 2019).
501:In 2023 HCoV-229E was renamed to
336:human respiratory syncytial virus
3434:Middle East respiratory syndrome
2814:
2671:Common moorhen coronavirus HKU21
2383:Rousettus bat coronavirus GCCDC1
2021:Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2
1890:Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8
1335:"Coronaviruses (including SARS)"
1241:American Journal of Epidemiology
1106:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00032.x
748:Journal of Clinical Microbiology
426:
61:
50:Transmission electron micrograph
1992:Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512
1985:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
3033:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
3019:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
2448:Bat SARS-like coronavirus WIV1
2390:Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9
2227:China Rattus coronavirus HKU24
2114:Suncus murinus coronavirus X74
792:"Virus Taxonomy: 2018 Release"
1:
2721:Night heron coronavirus HKU19
2086:Sorex araneus coronavirus T14
1883:Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1
3238:Tropical spastic paraparesis
3143:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
2547:Beluga whale coronavirus SW1
2376:Eidolon bat coronavirus C704
2157:Canine coronavirus HuPn-2018
1290:Emerging Infectious Diseases
1192:Journal of Clinical Virology
1143:Emerging Infectious Diseases
986:Clinical Infectious Diseases
937:Clinical Infectious Diseases
503:Alphacoronavirus chicagoense
216:Alphacoronavirus chicagoense
186:Alphacoronavirus chicagoense
34:Alphacoronavirus chicagoense
3601:Cytomegalovirus esophagitis
3521:Human parainfluenza viruses
3194:Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2
2692:White-eye coronavirus HKU16
1588:Viralzone: Alphacoronavirus
649:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1
3982:
1826:Lucheng Rn rat coronavirus
1508:10.3181/00379727-121-30734
1339:Infectious Disease Advisor
52:of human coronavirus 229E
3265:Cytomegalovirus retinitis
2807:
2778:
2756:
2741:
2716:
2658:
2630:
2571:
2541:
2513:
2414:
2370:
2331:MERS coronavirus EMC/2012
2307:
2279:
2202:
2137:
2109:
2081:
2044:
2016:
1979:
1942:
1914:
1877:
1849:
1821:
1793:
1756:
1728:
1691:
1645:
1204:10.1016/j.jcv.2006.12.008
1094:FEMS Microbiology Reviews
200:
193:
56:
48:
39:
32:
3367:Infectious mononucleosis
3184:Chandipura vesiculovirus
3014:Hepatocellular carcinoma
2959:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
2892:Hepatocellular carcinoma
2664:Bulbul coronavirus HKU11
2635:Wigeon coronavirus HKU20
2420:SARS-related coronavirus
2255:Myodes coronavirus 2JL14
3163:Encephalitis lethargica
2864:viral systemic diseases
2685:Munia coronavirus HKU13
1733:Bat coronavirus CDPHE15
596:10.3390/diseases4030026
534:Positive/negative-sense
3885:Human coronavirus 229E
3855:Human coronavirus 229E
3535:Human orthopneumovirus
3189:Herpesviral meningitis
3150:Arbovirus encephalitis
2584:Avian coronavirus 9203
2518:Goose coronavirus CB17
2326:London1_novel CoV/2012
2313:Hedgehog coronavirus 1
2234:Human coronavirus HKU1
2219:Human coronavirus OC43
2050:Human coronavirus NL63
1798:Human coronavirus 229E
1302:10.3201/eid1602.090469
1155:10.3201/eid1205.051316
553:"Taxon Details | ICTV"
529:Human coronavirus HKU1
437:is missing information
256:Human coronavirus OC43
222:Human coronavirus 229E
203:Human coronavirus 229E
2993:Merkel-cell carcinoma
2783:Microhyla letovirus 1
2591:Duck coronavirus 2714
1762:Bat coronavirus HKU10
489:University of Chicago
324:respiratory pathogens
314:. However, such high
3638:Adenovirus infection
3102:Human polyomavirus 2
2931:Oropharyngeal cancer
1550:EPPO Global Database
1434:10.1128/JVI.01953-16
1384:10.1128/AAC.03011-14
899:10.1155/2018/6796839
760:10.1128/JCM.00636-10
711:10.1128/JVI.05512-11
487:A researcher at the
300:respiratory symptoms
58:Virus classification
3224:Post-polio syndrome
2860:Infectious diseases
1422:Journal of Virology
705:(21): 11325–11337.
699:Journal of Virology
302:, ranging from the
3961:Alphacoronaviruses
3357:Epstein–Barr virus
3327:Respiratory system
2964:Burkitt's lymphoma
2241:Murine coronavirus
2214:Bovine coronavirus
2152:Canine coronavirus
2147:Feline coronavirus
2142:Alphacoronavirus 1
1854:Mink coronavirus 1
1699:Orthocoronavirinae
1593:2016-03-04 at the
294:Signs and symptoms
231:) is a species of
3948:
3947:
3847:Taxon identifiers
3838:
3837:
3800:
3799:
3551:
3550:
3482:Influenza virus A
3399:Human coronavirus
3289:
3288:
3279:Herpes of the eye
2826:
2825:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2701:
2700:
2678:Coronavirus HKU15
2643:
2642:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2577:Avian coronavirus
2556:
2555:
2526:
2525:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2399:
2398:
2355:
2354:
2292:
2291:
2264:
2263:
2208:Betacoronavirus 1
2176:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2122:
2121:
2094:
2093:
2066:
2065:
2029:
2028:
2001:
2000:
1964:
1963:
1927:
1926:
1899:
1898:
1862:
1861:
1834:
1833:
1806:
1805:
1778:
1777:
1741:
1740:
1647:Higher taxonomy:
1042:(11): 1898–2707.
658:978-1-4939-2438-7
460:
459:
258:(a member of the
212:
211:
16:(Redirected from
3973:
3941:
3940:
3928:
3927:
3915:
3914:
3902:
3901:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3842:
3564:
3559:digestive system
3476:Orthomyxoviridae
3442:SARS coronavirus
3428:MERS coronavirus
3344:
3156:Orthomyxoviridae
3079:
3045:Immune disorders
2969:Hodgkin lymphoma
2945:Kaposi's sarcoma
2853:
2846:
2839:
2830:
2818:
2776:
2767:
2758:
2743:
2714:
2656:
2628:
2617:
2611:Deltacoronavirus
2569:
2539:
2511:
2500:
2494:Gammacoronavirus
2412:
2368:
2305:
2277:
2200:
2189:
2135:
2107:
2079:
2042:
2014:
1977:
1940:
1912:
1875:
1847:
1819:
1791:
1754:
1726:
1715:
1709:Alphacoronavirus
1693:
1635:Taxonomy of the
1629:
1622:
1615:
1606:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1445:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1377:(8): 4875–4884.
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1345:on 16 April 2021
1330:
1324:
1323:
1313:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1264:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1166:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1117:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1059:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1009:
977:
971:
970:
960:
928:
922:
921:
911:
901:
877:
871:
870:
856:
838:
836:10.3390/v2081803
829:(8): 1804–1820.
814:
808:
807:
805:
803:
788:
782:
781:
771:
754:(8): 2940–2947.
739:
733:
732:
722:
690:
684:
683:
670:
636:
630:
629:
616:
598:
574:
568:
567:
565:
563:
549:
455:
452:
446:
430:
422:
271:Alphacoronavirus
225:and abbreviated
161:Alphacoronavirus
66:
65:
44:
30:
27:Species of virus
21:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3936:
3931:
3923:
3918:
3910:
3905:
3897:
3892:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3796:
3776:
3684:
3658:Gastroenteritis
3616:
3613:Gastroenteritis
3607:
3595:Cytomegalovirus
3558:
3547:
3515:Paramyxoviridae
3504:Avian influenza
3380:
3375:Cytomegalovirus
3339:viral pneumonia
3337:
3334:nasopharyngitis
3333:
3330:
3321:
3285:
3259:Cytomegalovirus
3244:
3198:
3086:
3073:
3066:
3039:
2906:Cervical cancer
2866:
2857:
2827:
2822:
2787:
2752:
2725:
2697:
2639:
2596:
2552:
2522:
2479:
2395:
2351:
2288:
2260:
2247:Rat coronavirus
2183:Betacoronavirus
2168:
2118:
2090:
2062:
2025:
1997:
1960:
1923:
1895:
1858:
1830:
1802:
1774:
1737:
1702:
1687:
1680:Cornidovirineae
1668:Pisoniviricetes
1641:
1633:
1595:Wayback Machine
1578:Virology online
1569:
1564:
1554:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1489:
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1475:
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1415:
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1358:
1348:
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1327:
1283:
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1233:
1229:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1028:
1027:
1023:
979:
978:
974:
930:
929:
925:
879:
878:
874:
816:
815:
811:
801:
799:
790:
789:
785:
741:
740:
736:
692:
691:
687:
659:
638:
637:
633:
576:
575:
571:
561:
559:
551:
550:
546:
542:
510:
485:
456:
450:
447:
440:
431:
420:
380:
344:
296:
284:
261:Betacoronavirus
245:single-stranded
189:
125:Pisoniviricetes
60:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3979:
3977:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3953:
3952:
3946:
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3916:
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3890:
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3859:
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3801:
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3369:
3352:
3350:
3341:
3323:
3322:
3320:
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3318:
3317:
3312:
3299:
3297:
3295:Cardiovascular
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3254:
3252:
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3133:
3132:
3131:
3119:
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3110:
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3076:
3074:nervous system
3068:
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3016:
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2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2926:Vaginal cancer
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2896:
2895:
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2876:
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2867:
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2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2773:
2764:
2762:Alphaletovirus
2754:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
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2508:
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2249:
2237:
2230:
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2222:
2221:
2216:
2203:
2197:
2186:
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2177:
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2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
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1980:
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1597:
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1568:
1567:External links
1565:
1563:
1562:
1537:
1502:(1): 190–193.
1482:
1457:
1408:
1356:
1325:
1296:(2): 183–188.
1276:
1227:
1198:(3): 244–250.
1178:
1149:(5): 775–779.
1129:
1100:(5): 760–773.
1080:
1071:
1048:10.1086/497151
1021:
998:10.1086/374222
992:(8): 985–989.
972:
949:10.1086/377612
943:(7): 929–932.
923:
872:
809:
798:. October 2018
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241:positive-sense
219:( also called
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3562:
3560:
3554:
3544:
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3539:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3527:Parainfluenza
3525:
3524:
3523:
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3517:
3516:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3501:
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3497:
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3400:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3363:EBV infection
3361:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3342:
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3328:
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3262:
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3260:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3219:Poliomyelitis
3217:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3190:
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3141:
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3099:
3097:
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3084:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3069:
3061:
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3029:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2994:
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2990:
2989:
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2946:
2943:
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2940:
2936:
2932:
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2927:
2924:
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2921:Vulvar cancer
2919:
2917:
2916:Penile cancer
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2893:
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2889:
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2646:
2636:
2633:
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2613:
2612:
2607:
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2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2505:Brangacovirus
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
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2163:
2160:
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2148:
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2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2133:
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2115:
2112:
2111:
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2105:
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2102:
2097:
2087:
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2080:
2077:
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2069:
2059:
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2047:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1994:
1993:
1989:
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1981:
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1892:
1891:
1887:
1885:
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1876:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1869:Minunacovirus
1865:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1815:
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1809:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1785:Duvinacovirus
1781:
1771:
1770:
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1638:Coronaviridae
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321:
317:
313:
312:bronchiolitis
309:
305:
301:
293:
291:
289:
281:
279:
277:
276:Duvinacovirus
274:and subgenus
273:
272:
267:
263:
262:
257:
254:. Along with
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173:Duvinacovirus
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151:
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149:Coronaviridae
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107:
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101:Orthornavirae
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59:
55:
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43:
38:
35:
31:
19:
3854:
3820:
3813:
3789:
3782:Pancreatitis
3764:
3752:
3740:
3728:
3721:
3702:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3651:
3630:
3593:
3579:
3540:
3533:
3519:
3513:
3480:
3474:
3454:
3440:
3426:
3401:
3397:
3373:
3355:
3310:Pericarditis
3302:
3271:
3257:
3230:
3211:
3169:
3154:
3135:
3121:
3100:
3083:Encephalitis
3052:
3025:
3006:
2985:
2951:
2937:
2898:
2884:
2782:
2770:
2761:
2747:
2720:
2708:Herdecovirus
2706:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2650:Buldecovirus
2648:
2634:
2620:
2609:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2561:
2545:
2531:
2517:
2503:
2492:
2418:
2406:Sarbecovirus
2404:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2360:
2344:
2337:
2318:
2311:
2299:Merbecovirus
2297:
2283:
2269:
2253:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2206:
2192:
2181:
2141:
2127:
2113:
2099:
2085:
2071:
2055:
2048:
2036:Setracovirus
2034:
2020:
2008:Rhinacovirus
2006:
1990:
1983:
1969:
1953:
1946:
1934:Nyctacovirus
1932:
1918:
1906:Myotacovirus
1904:
1888:
1881:
1867:
1853:
1839:
1825:
1813:Luchacovirus
1811:
1797:
1783:
1767:
1760:
1746:
1732:
1718:
1707:
1697:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1662:Pisuviricota
1660:
1654:
1648:
1636:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1540:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1474:. Retrieved
1470:
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1425:
1421:
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1359:
1347:. Retrieved
1343:the original
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1293:
1289:
1279:
1247:(1): 43–49.
1244:
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1230:
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1181:
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1132:
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1093:
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1024:
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875:
868:polyprotein.
866:
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812:
800:. Retrieved
795:
786:
751:
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737:
702:
698:
688:
681:See Table 1.
680:
640:
634:
627:See Table 1.
626:
586:
582:
572:
560:. Retrieved
556:
547:
502:
500:
494:In 2021 the
493:
486:
478:
474:cell culture
461:
451:October 2021
448:
436:
381:
345:
342:Epidemiology
320:co-infection
297:
285:
282:Transmission
275:
269:
259:
252:APN receptor
227:
226:
221:
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215:
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185:
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172:
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160:
148:
136:
124:
113:Pisuviricota
112:
100:
88:
81:
71:(unranked):
33:
3879:Wikispecies
3679:Coronavirus
3420:Common cold
3332:acute viral
3315:Myocarditis
3159:(probable)
2911:Anal cancer
2820:Wikispecies
2771:Milecovirus
2749:Letovirinae
2622:Andecovirus
2533:Cegacovirus
2362:Nobecovirus
2271:Hibecovirus
2194:Embecovirus
2129:Tegacovirus
2101:Sunacovirus
2073:Soracovirus
1971:Pedacovirus
1841:Minacovirus
1748:Decacovirus
1720:Colacovirus
1674:Nidovirales
463:Chloroquine
322:with other
304:common cold
266:common cold
233:coronavirus
137:Nidovirales
3955:Categories
3806:Urogenital
3672:Astrovirus
3632:Adenovirus
3456:SARS-CoV-2
3213:Poliovirus
3088:meningitis
2563:Igacovirus
2473:SHC014-CoV
2431:SARS-CoV-2
2426:SARS-CoV-1
1476:2020-05-06
802:13 January
540:References
368:SARS-CoV-2
364:SARS-CoV-1
168:Subgenus:
3870:Q16983356
3717:RNA virus
3698:DNA virus
3690:Hepatitis
3665:Norovirus
3653:Rotavirus
3647:RNA virus
3626:DNA virus
3572:Esophagus
3500:Influenza
3386:RNA virus
3348:DNA virus
3117:RNA virus
3096:DNA virus
3002:RNA virus
2880:DNA virus
2872:Oncovirus
1650:Riboviria
1516:1535-3702
845:1999-4915
605:2079-9721
589:(3): 26.
524:RNA virus
514:Virulence
470:ionophore
443:talk page
356:HCoV-HKU1
352:HCoV-OC43
348:HCoV-NL63
316:morbidity
308:pneumonia
248:RNA virus
237:enveloped
228:HCoV-229E
206:HCoV-229E
180:Species:
96:Kingdom:
89:Riboviria
18:HCoV-229E
3925:11459992
3864:Wikidata
3815:BK virus
3618:diarrhea
3462:COVID-19
3204:Myelitis
2809:Source:
2453:RacCS203
2443:BANAL-52
2436:Variants
1591:Archived
1452:28077633
1403:24841269
1349:1 August
1320:20113545
1222:17222582
1173:16704837
1124:16911043
1066:16267760
1016:12684910
967:13130404
918:29850307
863:21994708
778:20554810
729:21849456
677:25720466
623:28933406
583:Diseases
519:Outbreak
508:See also
418:Research
378:Virology
360:MERS-CoV
338:(HRSV).
332:pathogen
195:Synonyms
144:Family:
108:Phylum:
3568:Pharynx
3072:Central
1555:25 July
1532:1314901
1524:4285768
1443:5309958
1394:4136071
1311:2957994
1271:5556222
1262:7109649
1213:7108341
1164:3374449
1115:7109777
1057:7110183
1007:7109673
958:7107892
909:5925015
892:: 1–4.
854:3185738
823:Viruses
769:2916580
720:3194943
668:4369385
614:5456285
562:25 July
483:History
288:fomites
156:Genus:
132:Order:
120:Class:
3912:741070
3232:HTLV-I
3177:Rabies
3027:HTLV-I
2468:RpYN06
2463:RmYN02
2458:RaTG13
1530:
1522:
1514:
1471:Forbes
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1440:
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3828:Mumps
3587:Mumps
3557:Human
2987:MCPyV
1683:>
1677:>
1671:>
1665:>
1659:>
1653:>
1528:S2CID
1428:(5).
82:Realm
75:Virus
3933:NCBI
3542:hMPV
3414:OC43
3410:HKU1
3406:NL63
3402:229E
3060:AIDS
2939:KSHV
2811:ICTV
1557:2024
1520:PMID
1512:ISSN
1448:PMID
1399:PMID
1351:2020
1316:PMID
1267:PMID
1218:PMID
1169:PMID
1120:PMID
1062:PMID
1012:PMID
963:PMID
914:PMID
890:2018
859:PMID
841:ISSN
804:2019
774:PMID
725:PMID
673:PMID
653:ISBN
619:PMID
601:ISSN
564:2024
467:zinc
465:, a
372:NCBI
310:and
3907:EoL
3894:CoL
3822:MuV
3791:CBV
3766:HEV
3754:HDV
3742:HCV
3730:HAV
3723:CBV
3704:HBV
3581:MuV
3512:V,
3304:CBV
3273:HSV
3250:Eye
3137:LCV
3123:MeV
3054:HIV
3008:HCV
2953:EBV
2900:HPV
2886:HBV
2813:––
1573:CDC
1504:doi
1500:121
1438:PMC
1430:doi
1389:PMC
1379:doi
1306:PMC
1298:doi
1257:PMC
1249:doi
1208:PMC
1200:doi
1159:PMC
1151:doi
1110:PMC
1102:doi
1052:PMC
1044:doi
1040:192
1002:PMC
994:doi
953:PMC
945:doi
904:PMC
894:doi
849:PMC
831:doi
764:PMC
756:doi
715:PMC
707:doi
663:PMC
645:doi
609:PMC
591:doi
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