860:. In a statement issued by the ministry, Syed Hamid said the decision to declare HINDRAF an illegal organisation was made following the ministry being satisfied with facts and evidence that showed HINDRAF had and was being used for unlawful purposes and posed a threat to public order and morality. "Based on powers vested under Section 5 (1) of the Societies Act, HINDRAF from today is declared an illegal organisation," he said. He said the order was being made as a result of monitoring and investigation of the organisation's activities, since its inception, by the Registrar of Societies (RoS) and the Home Ministry.
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449:(BN) ruling coalition at that time but have received no response. Many Hindu advocacy groups have protested what they allege is a systematic plan of temple cleansing in Malaysia. The official reason given by the Malaysian government has been that the temples were built illegally. However, that several of the temples are centuries old. According to a lawyer for HINDRAF, one
4162:
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996:. The Ministry of Home Affairs of PN then upheld the deregistration on 8 August 2020. HINDRAF is seeking a legal declaration that the two decisions to deregister the organisation are illegal and thus null and void, as well as an order to temporarily suspend the decisions pending disposal of the judicial review application.
35:
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Abdullah Badawi personally signed the detention letters to imprison the HINDRAF leaders under the ISA for two years. Their detention terms are subject to infinite renewal. The reason given for this arrest was that the HINDRAF leadership has had links with international militant organisations such as
761:
Even as prime minister
Abdullah Badawi started threatening to use the ISA against the HINDRAF leaders for bringing Malaysia's racist policies out into the open for all to see, foreign news outlets criticised Abdullah Badawi's lack of initiative to tackle the root cause of the problem. The detention
979:
In spite of PH was still the ruling government, RoS had on 15 July 2019 decided to dissolve HINDRAF after its central committee leadership had failed to hold meetings for at least eight times a year as required under the law. The RoS director-general then sent a letter to HINDRAF on 30 September
843:
The ruling UMNO-BN government of
Abdullah Badawi lost its two-thirds majority in Parliament and five states to the opposition. BN only came close to getting just over half the seats in Parliament from the peninsula Malaysia. HINDRAF, which had barely existed for three years, and was barely known
729:
As of 11 December 2007, HINDRAF leaders were all acquitted by the judicial courts due to a lack of evidence and a flimsy prosecution case against their allegations. To contain the movement while not being able to charge them according to valid evidence-based legal processes, on 12 December 2007
807:
In a dramatic show of force instead, the police fired teargas and targeted water cannon at several hundred ethnic Tamils gather peacefully at the centre of Kuala Lumpur. More than 200 people were detained by the authorities after being attacked by the police near the site of an Indian temple.
572:
in London for US$ 4 trillion (US$ 1 million for every
Malaysian Indian) for "withdrawing after granting independence and leaving the Indians unprotected and at the mercy of a majority Malay-Muslim government that has violated our rights as minority Indians" as the negligence of the supposedly
868:
On 23 October 2008, a group comprising eight men, three women, and a child, were arrested by the police after they tried to hand a memorandum to the Prime
Minister's office. It called for the release of the five HNDRAF leaders from detention under the ISA. The opposition leader
880:
of BN warned against the demonstrators that the government would invoke the ISA if needs arise and had further criticised the demonstrators, after he made a promise that he would listen to everyone even if they have unpleasant words to say. Albeit application to register
713:
HINDRAF later claimed to have faxed the petition to the
British High Commission staff. However, as of 28 November, the British Envoy had not yet received any petition from the HINDRAF, though they did say they had received some unspecified information by fax.
927:(BN) whereby they would work together to uplift displaced estate workers, resolve the issue of stateless persons and provide business opportunities thus bringing poor Indians into the mainstream of the country's development. Wathya Moorthy was appointed as
914:
On 26 January 2013 the ban imposed on HINDRAF was impromptu lifted by the
Malaysian Home Ministry and later on 8 March 2013 the once illegal minority rights group registration had been tacitly approved by RoS. On 18 April 2013, just weeks before the
649:
along roads leading up to the rally to screen motorists entering the city centre and identify "troublemakers". They also advised the public not to participate in the rally, and arrested three HINDRAF leaders. Many shops around Kuala Lumpur including
414:(ISA). Toward the end of the 2000s, the group developed a broader political program to preserve and to push for equal rights and opportunities for the minority Indians. It has been successful in continuing to focus attention on the racist aspects of
433:
Between April and May 2006, several legal Hindu temples were demolished by city hall authorities in
Malaysia. On 21 April 2006, the Malaimel Sri Selva Kaliamman Temple in Kuala Lumpur was reduced to rubble after the city hall sent in bulldozers.
799:
A calm and peaceful 'Rose to the PM' campaign was mooted to present a humanistic element in HINDRAF's campaign. The central focus of this campaign was the delivery of a rose, as a symbol of love and compassion, to the Prime
Minister at the
943:. Waytha Moorthy however resigned from the deputy minister position he held for eight months on 8 February 2014, after realising BN government breach of trust to reform and failures to uplift the Malaysian Indian community.
2561:
1859:
525:. However, in a series of repeated arrests and releases, the courts could not prove that they had incited racial hatred. The only evidence against them were unreliable translations of their Tamil speeches into
844:
until August 2007, suddenly caught the mood of a large proportion of
Malaysians, not only Indians and Hindus but the Chinese and a sizeable section of the Malays as well, causing a major upset in the process.
1731:
1528:
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presented by the
Attorney-General's Chambers, which the courts deemed as unverifiable. Eventually, they were all acquitted due to a shaky prosecution and the lack of evidence of any wrongdoing or crime.
784:
were spawned to maintain awareness of this movement, in addition to the many blogs available. The movement started in Malaysia, has grown global and now has following in UK, Australia, Canada and USA.
692:, to indicate the nonviolent nature of their protest. Five thousand members riot police dispatched to the scene used tear gas and water cannon to disperse the crowds. 136 people were arrested.
1333:
885:(HRP) formed on 19 July 2009 by original HINDRAF members and led by P. Uthayakumar to address the people's matters has never been approved. Instead on 10 October 2009 Najib had officiated the
3553:
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638:. One day before the rally, police arrested three HINDRAF lawyers; Uthayakumar, Waytha Moorthy and Ganabathirau on sedition charges. Uthayakumar and Ganabathirau posted bail of 800
762:
without trial of the HINDRAF leaders drew negative comments in the foreign press about Abdullah Badawi's administration and the poor way the BN government was handling the issue.
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by Vwaishnavi Wathya Moorthy. This symbolic act was planned on 16 February 2008, amidst the parliament was declared to be dissolved for the general election on 13 February 2008.
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There have also been candlelight vigils at Hindu temples throughout Malaysia to protest the detention of five leaders of the HINDRAF. This was condemned by Malaysian minister
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893:, a HINDRAF detractors and former co-ordinator, through copying and linking it to the apolitical human rights and equal rights movement as an attempt to split HINDRAF.
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has been allowed by Malaysian ISPs again, after a brief ban. However, this site is constantly plagued by faults and downtime. In response to the ban, sites such as
657:
The police roadblocks began the week before the rally to create massive traffic jams across the city and the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur. Malaysian Opposition leader
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contains disparaging remarks against Malaysian Indians and is deemed racist. The police arrested 109 people for allegedly taking part in an illegal demonstration.
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The DAP vowed to challenge the detention of the HINDRAF leaders. Despite the arrests, the opposition and most of the NGOs were unfazed and continued to challenge
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had even condemned the brutality of the police. It was discovered that HINDRAF leader P.Waythamoorthy's six-year-old daughter was amongst the people arrested.
832:(GE12) showed how HINDRAF had become one of the triggers for a major change in the course of the country. The general dissatisfaction with the regime ruled by
1938:
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s coverage of the event showed police officers using tear gas to disperse the protesters. A few hundred protesters and three police officers were injured.
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1885:
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406:. Following an enormous rally organised by HINDRAF in November 2007, several prominent members of the organisation were arrested, some on charges of
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The UMNO-led Government has threatened the Malaysian Indian community with sweeping arrests under the Emergency Act and ISA similarly to the 1987
2222:
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had been brewing for some years and the HINDRAF Rally of 25 November 2007 caused what has been called a political tsunami inclined to opposition
896:
On 27 February 2011, HINDRAF organised a demonstration in Kuala Lumpur protesting the government's decision to include the Malay language novel
753:(MIC), a component party of the ruling BN, reconciliatory approach to blunt HINDRAF's thrust as the champion of the Malaysian Indian community.
510:
2520:
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1109:
313:
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On 23 November 2007, three HINDRAF activists, P. Uthayakumar, P. Waytha Moorthy, and V. Ganabathirau, were arrested and charged under the
940:
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which had targeted anti-BN elements mostly of Malaysian Chinese extraction in Malaysia. This hard-line approach is also softened by the
739:
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in the school curriculum as compulsory reading for the Malay literature subject for students in secondary 5. HINDRAF alleges that
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769:'s deconstruction of democracy in Malaysia. The United States also voiced their disapproval of this latest round of ISA arrests.
731:
411:
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After several warnings by the Malaysian government HINDRAF was officially banned on 15 October 2008. This was confirmed by the
829:
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665:(DAP) pointed out that this high-handed act by the police was unnecessary as it caused major inconvenience to everyone.
145:
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619:, could not afford the legal fees required, a petition was circulated with 100,000 signatures to be presented to
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in India. The invocation of the ISA to capture the HINDRAF leaders was seen as a strategic move by the BN's
662:
628:
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959:(GE14). PH which successfully topple BN to be the new government and had made Waytha Moorthy a Senator and
410:. The charges were dismissed by the courts. Five people were arrested and detained without trial under the
4246:
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of BN government once they were against. Others would spread out to parties within the federal opposition
503:
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318:
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2086:"Hindraf rally – police stop over-reacting, dismantle roadblocks and issue permit « Lim Kit Siang"
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A series of peaceful weekend forums were organised throughout Malaysia to increase the awareness of
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to argue the case. The purpose of the rally was to hand over a 100,000 signature memorandum to the
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1191:"Southeast Asia news and business from Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam"
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HINDRAF has had a major impact on the political landscape of Malaysia by staging the infamous
298:
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3364:
3233:"WHAT A SNAKE! Waytha went on hunger strike to get sympathy, kept ROS approval secret"
2521:"Looking Back at Malaysia's GE2008: An Internet Election and Its Democratic Aftermath"
710:
resulted in minor property damages, although the Hindu temple itself was not damaged.
634:
HINDRAF organised the rally on 25 November 2007 to submit the petition at the British
4200:
4076:
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4016:
3996:
3813:
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3728:
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2675:
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2432:
1362:
870:
658:
609:
605:
490:. However, they were acquitted due to a lack of evidence of incitement and sedition.
3473:"Waytha Moorthy letak jawatan Pengerusi Hindraf, tubuh parti untuk masyarakat India"
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1909:
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928:
801:
684:
On the morning of the rally, an estimated twenty thousand people gathered near the
677:
646:
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Malaysian police refused to grant a permit for the rally, and set up roadblocks in
620:
565:
547:
487:
467:
450:
251:
236:
158:
97:
2308:"Independent news and analysis about Asia's politics, economics, culture and more"
980:
2019, informing them that their deregistration. PH subsequently has fallen in the
502:
by HINDRAF. A previous forum held near central Kuala Lumpur was disrupted by the
4026:
3773:
3476:
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2032:
877:
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2658:
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1986:
1954:
1303:
1194:
788:
707:
651:
4041:
3743:
2494:"Malaysia: Police Break Up Ethnic Indian Rally, Detain More Than 120 People"
2473:
2342:
2025:
1417:
538:
3625:
3614:
3257:
3195:
3168:
3053:
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1796:
1144:
2966:
2774:
2539:
2257:
1241:
34:
3685:
2939:"Waythamoorthy's wife, daughter and 10 other Hindraf supporters detained"
1914:
1562:
898:
407:
396:
366:
180:
2667:
2619:
2607:
1081:
Amnesty International Report 2006: The State of the World's Human Rights
688:
in Kuala Lumpur, carrying life-size portraits of Queen Elizabeth II and
3530:
2889:
2833:
2176:
2045:
2004:
1972:
963:
in charge of National Unity and Social Wellbeing by new Prime Minister
673:
726:
had attempted to link terrorism with the HINDRAF rally via the media.
3446:"New political party formed to address interests of Indian community"
773:
3635:
824:
followed by HINDRAF's later were largest public protests since 1998.
3605:
3596:
3391:"Five senators appointed as one minister and four deputy ministers"
668:
294:
286:
1936:
Detikdaily - Hindraf rally: Arrests, roadblocks will make it worse
1630:
POLICE ATTEMPTS TO SABOTAGE HINDRAF FORUM IN SEMENYIH ON 6.10.2007
971:(MAP), the HINDRAF-linked new party approved by RoS in July 2019.
815:
667:
537:
388:
362:
951:
In 2018, HINDRAF was officially accepted as strategic partner of
919:(GE13), the factions of HINDRAF led by P. Waythamoorthy signed a
437:
The Hindu Rights Action Force or HINDRAF, a coalition of several
1787:"Rights-Malaysia: Ethnic Indians Blame Britain for Sorry Plight"
833:
766:
513:(IGP) in an attempt to ensure future forums went on peacefully.
441:
have protested these demolitions by lodging complaints with the
3639:
2286:"Hindraf faces ban: has 'links with India's RSS, Lanka's LTTE'"
742:(UMNO) government to arrest the momentum generated by HINDRAF.
1683:
Hindraf seek IGP protection for nationwide forums / assemblies
3365:"Pakatan terima Hindraf dan Mira rakan strategik untuk PRU14"
2994:"Announcement of Human Rights Party Malaysia (HRP), Malaysia"
1529:"4 lawyers arrested, 85 Million suit – Hindu temple demolish"
654:
were closed on that day for fear of trouble from the rally.
642:
each, but Waytha Moorthy refused bail as a sign of protest.
2996:. Human Rights Party Malaysia. 17 July 2009. Archived from
1145:"Yoursay: Waytha - damned if he does, damned if he doesn't"
781:
223:
Kuasa Rakyat / People's Power / Makkal Sakti (மக்கள் சக்தி)
3082:"109 people linked to Hindu rights group held in Malaysia"
2642:"The 2008 Malaysian Elections: An End to Ethnic Politics?"
1489:"MALAYSIA: Temple Demolitions Spell Creeping Islamisation"
3589:
777:
568:
suit against the Government of the United Kingdom at the
3258:"Waytha upbeat in solving stateless issue in five years"
2191:"Batu Caves temple property damaged, 69 protesters held"
3526:"Hindraf wins bid to challenge RoS over deregistration"
2608:"MALAYSIA IN 2007: Abdullah Administration under Siege"
2562:"2008 General Elections in Malaysia: Democracy at Work"
1013:– Human Rights Lawyer and Former Chairperson of HINDRAF
585:
as guaranteed in the constitution when independence of
1334:"Hindraf files court challenge against deregistration"
4138:
2433:"The Hindraf Saga: Media and Citizenship in Malaysia"
2060:"Malaysia General Business Sports and Lifestyle News"
1465:"Hindu group protests 'temple cleansing' in Malaysia"
1037:– Article 153 of the Constitution of Federal Malaysia
3313:"Hindraf: Waytha Moorthy to quit as deputy minister"
615:
As the group, which represents mainly working class
482:, were arrested and detained for taking part in the
4085:
3939:
3899:
3868:
3832:
3716:
3709:
3673:
3554:"Hindraf gets go-ahead to challenge deregistration"
1509:
Malaysia ethnic Indians in uphill fight on religion
1172:
Hindu group protests "temple cleansing" in Malaysia
1043:– History of Malaysia before and after Independence
356:
280:
265:
250:
235:
227:
219:
208:
198:
186:
176:
164:
144:
133:
125:
117:
109:
85:
77:
65:
51:
41:
23:
3196:"Thanks for lifting ban on Hindraf, now apologise"
2858:"Hindraf members arrested in front of PM's office"
2477:. Chennai, India. 17 February 2008. Archived from
2362:"Ethnic Indians held under security law: Malaysia"
1849:Daily Express, East Malaysia Independent Newspaper
596:as compensation, it is also seeking to strike out
2829:"Hindu group slams Malaysia ban; crackdown looms"
2519:Chinnasamy, Sara; Griffiths, Mary (Summer 2013).
2346:. Chennai, India. 9 December 2007. Archived from
2775:"Gov't declares Hindraf an illegal organisation"
2528:IAFOR Journal of Media, Communication & Film
604:and for the court to declare that Malaysia is a
466:On 30 October, four HINDRAF movement activists,
2885:"Malaysia's Anwar condemns use of security law"
2453:"Malaysian minister slams pro-Hindraf campaign"
1197:. Archived from the original on 15 January 2006
509:Subsequently, HINDRAF appealed directly to the
387:. This organisation began as a coalition of 30
2722:"FACTBOX: Malaysian elections: are they fair?"
1413:"Malaysia demolishes century-old Hindu temple"
564:, P. Waytha Moorthy, a HINDRAF lawyer filed a
3651:
2902:
2900:
864:More detentions and actions by the government
453:is demolished in Malaysia every three weeks.
8:
4217:Human rights organisations based in Malaysia
3021:"Najib launches Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party"
1407:
1405:
1304:"Hindraf and the Malaysian Indian community"
592:The lawsuit is not only claiming 4 trillion
486:against the demolition of a Hindu shrine in
3226:
3224:
3222:
3220:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1035:Article 153 of the Constitution of Malaysia
961:Minister in the Prime Minister's Department
910:Legality allowance and MoU with BN for GE13
560:On 31 August 2007, the 50th anniversary of
4212:Non-profit organisations based in Malaysia
3713:
3658:
3644:
3636:
2803:"Hindraf declared an illegal organisation"
2614:. Yusof Ishak Institute (ISEAS): 187–206.
2338:"Malaysia considering ISA against Hindraf"
2258:"US defends peaceful protests in Malaysia"
2223:"US defends peaceful protests in Malaysia"
2110:Cops forced to use tear gas, water cannons
1956:Hindraf rally: Cops warn of 'stern action'
1695:"Police arrest Hindraf leaders (update 2)"
1646:
1644:
1376:
1374:
1328:
1326:
1101:Hindraf and the Malaysian Indian Community
680:to break up the march on 25 November 2007.
33:
20:
4227:Political organisations based in Malaysia
3080:Suryanarayana, P. S. (27 February 2011).
2967:"Makkal Sakti Party - Hindraf cries foul"
2747:"Malaysia bans Hindu Rights Action Force"
2720:Sanjeev Miglani, ed. (25 February 2008).
2657:
2652:(1). Cambridge University Press: 87–120.
2384:"Five Hindraf leaders detained under ISA"
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1556:
1554:
1460:
1458:
1275:"Five Hindraf leaders detained under ISA"
992:(PN) government under new prime minister
598:Article 153 of the Malaysian Constitution
1905:"Police reject permit for Hindraf rally"
1440:Muslims Destroy Century-Old Hindu Temple
1363:Temple row - a dab of sensibility please
4145:
3502:. The Malaysian Reserve. Archived from
2691:"Ethnic Tensions in Malaysian Election"
2640:Pepinsky, Thomas B. (15 October 2008).
2463:
2461:
2027:Hindraf Rally 2007 - The Battle Of KLCC
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
1563:"Hindraf trio discharged from sedition"
1382:"Hindu temple brought down in Malaysia"
1136:
722:The BN government under Prime Minister
2937:Ramendran, Charles (23 October 2008).
2406:"News and Views from the Global South"
1884:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1877:
1843:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1836:
1208:
4232:Political advocacy groups in Malaysia
4222:Hindu organisations based in Malaysia
2572:. Cambridge University Press: 21–42.
2566:Japanese Journal of Political Science
2469:"Hindraf's 'roses campaign' thwarted"
2455:, Yahoo! India News, January 28, 2008
2408:. Inter Press Service. Archived from
2252:
2250:
2167:from the original on 12 December 2021
1995:from the original on 12 December 2021
1963:from the original on 12 December 2021
1269:
1267:
1265:
1242:"SPECIAL REPORT: The Hindraf protest"
395:rights and heritage in a multiracial
7:
2965:Fernandez, Joe (26 September 2009).
2560:Moten, Abdul Rashid (1 April 2009).
2129:"Ethnic Indians protest in Malaysia"
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1068:, p. 43. Karisma Publications.
542:HINDRAF members carrying posters of
4237:Hindu political parties in Malaysia
3339:"Hindraf says sorry to the Indians"
2062:. New Straits Times. Archived from
1066:Malaysian Politics & Government
740:United Malays National Organisation
734:(LTTE) and also organisations like
3912:Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad
3562:. 22 February 2021. Archived from
3286:"Waythamoorthy's real work begins"
3019:Loh, Foon Fong (10 October 2009).
2908:"Worst ever riots strike Malaysia"
2856:Leoi Leoi, Sim (23 October 2008).
2231:. 29 November 2007. Archived from
2199:. 26 November 2007. Archived from
2156:Ethnic Indians protest in Malaysia
1762:. 26 November 2007. Archived from
1660:. 26 November 2007. Archived from
1652:"Cop hurt trying to control crowd"
1603:"Police arrest Malaysian activist"
1561:Tsin, Soon Li (26 November 2007).
1487:Kuppusamy, Baradan (1 June 2006).
1340:. 29 December 2020. Archived from
955:(PH) in collaboration to face the
774:http://www.policewatchmalaysia.com
577:'s responsibility in drafting the
375:(NGO) with its renowned slogan of
14:
3108:"Home Ministry lifts Hindraf ban"
2492:Zappei, Ulia (17 February 2008).
2288:. TwoCircles.net. 8 December 2007
1756:"Facing Malaysia's Racial Issues"
988:(BERSATU) left to set up the new
986:Malaysian United Indigenous Party
840:(PR) in Malaysian politics then.
4184:
4172:
4160:
4148:
3922:Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal
3500:"The Perikatan Nasional Cabinet"
3444:Camoens, Austin (16 July 2019).
3052:Veeranggan, Athi (20 May 2009).
1302:Kaur, Arunajeet (25 July 2017).
1049:– Status of Hinduism in Malaysia
772:The official HINDRAF website at
732:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
546:and banners during a protest in
60:Xīngdū wéiquán xíngdòng zhènxiàn
4207:2009 establishments in Malaysia
4128:Cow vigilante violence in India
4093:Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
3759:Akhil Bharatiya Akhara Parishad
2036:. Mediarakyat. 25 November 2007
1988:Another Hindraf lawyer arrested
1713:"Lawyers charged with sedition"
1518:Reuters India - 8 November 2007
982:2020 Malaysian political crisis
957:2018 Malaysian general election
917:2013 Malaysian general election
830:2008 Malaysian general election
393:preservation of Hindu community
342:Barisan Bertindak Hak-Hak Hindu
45:Barisan Bertindak Hak-Hak Hindu
18:Political party in Malaysia
4098:Demolition of the Babri Masjid
3809:Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party
3498:Jalil, Asila (10 March 2020).
3231:Jayathas, S. (14 April 2013).
1079:Amnesty International (2005).
332:, better known by its acronym
1:
3534:. The Vibes. 22 February 2021
3167:Aw, Nigel (26 January 2013).
3054:"Makkal Sakti versus Hindraf"
2689:Johsi, Vijay (7 March 2008).
2646:Journal of East Asian Studies
812:The impact of HINDRAF on GE12
373:non-governmental organisation
350:இந்து உரிமைகள் போராட்டக் குழு
69:இந்து உரிமைகள் போராட்டக் குழு
3626:Hindu Rights Party, Malaysia
2431:Leong, Susan (August 2009).
718:Response from the government
421:HINDRAF was deregistered by
358:Intu Urimaikaḷ Pōrāṭṭak Kuḻu
72:Intu urimaikaḷ pōrāṭṭak kuḻu
3724:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
3169:"Govt lifts ban on Hindraf"
3136:"Govt lifts ban on Hindraf"
2954:– via Malaysia Today.
1029:Human Rights Party Malaysia
1023:Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party
1017:Malaysian Advancement Party
969:Malaysian Advancement Party
947:Collaboration of PH in GE14
933:Prime Minister's Department
921:memorandum of understanding
887:Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party
883:Human Rights Party Malaysia
848:Declared illegal and banned
736:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
534:Lawsuit, petition and rally
511:Inspector-General of Police
377:Makkal Sakti (மக்கள் சக்தி)
357:
4268:
3987:Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras
3855:Rastriya Prajatantra Party
757:Response to the detentions
553:
484:2007 HINDRAF demonstration
443:Prime Minister of Malaysia
47:باريسن برتيندق حق-حق هيندو
3784:Bharatiya Janshakti Party
2659:10.1017/S1598240800002824
2578:10.1017/S1468109908003356
1734:15 September 2013 at the
1215:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1083:. Amnesty International.
751:Malaysian Indian Congress
349:
330:Hindu Rights Action Force
304:
285:
199:International affiliation
32:
26:Hindu Rights Action Force
4242:Indian-Malaysian culture
4086:Events and controversies
3845:Hindu Prajatantrik Party
3789:Hindu Janajagruti Samiti
3371:(in Malay). 6 March 2018
1941:25 November 2007 at the
1635:12 February 2009 at the
1098:Kaur, Arunajeet (2017).
1064:Jawan, Jayum A. (2003).
931:and deputy minister the
782:http://www.myhindraf.com
506:, according to HINDRAF.
90:Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy
4108:Boycott of Hindi cinema
4032:Rajendra Prasad Lingden
3927:Hindu Maha Sabha (Fiji)
3881:Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh
3779:Bhartiya Gau Raksha Dal
2612:Southeast Asian Affairs
2606:Guan, Lee Hock (2008).
1533:policewatchmalaysia.com
1445:4 November 2006 at the
939:(PR), mostly to DAP or
876:The new Prime Minister
854:Malaysian Home Minister
663:Democratic Action Party
629:British High Commission
570:Royal Courts of Justice
562:Malaysia's Independence
462:Arrests in October 2007
425:(RoS) on 15 July 2019.
203:Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh
166:Political position
101:Vasantha Kumar Krishnan
4113:Haridwar hate speeches
3952:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
3824:Virat Hindustan Sangam
3739:Bharatiya Janata Party
2115:3 October 2012 at the
825:
778:http://www.hindraf.org
681:
551:
504:Royal Malaysian Police
423:Registrar of Societies
391:NGOs committed to the
341:
3749:Vishva Hindu Parishad
3615:HINDRAF Support Group
3369:The Malaysian Insight
2540:10.22492/ijmcf.1.1.05
1738:Particulars of Claim.
1514:23 April 2020 at the
819:
724:Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
671:
573:independent and fair
541:
412:Internal Security Act
267:Dewan Undangan Negeri
94:Uthayakumar Ponnusamy
3917:Jammu Praja Parishad
3907:Bharatiya Jana Sangh
2372:on 16 December 2007.
2350:on 12 December 2007.
2163:. 16 February 2008.
1991:. 23 November 2007.
1959:. 23 November 2007.
1866:on 16 September 2013
1785:Kuppusamy, Baradan.
1104:. Silverfish Books.
1047:Hinduism in Malaysia
686:Petronas Twin Towers
583:Federation of Malaya
579:Federal Constitution
416:Malaysian Government
309:Politics of Malaysia
187:National affiliation
4103:1970 Bhiwandi riots
3982:Murli Manohar Joshi
3957:Deendayal Upadhyaya
3566:on 22 February 2021
3559:Free Malaysia Today
3311:Shagar, Loshana K.
3141:Free Malaysia Today
2893:. 14 December 2007.
2498:AP Associated Press
2481:on 7 November 2012.
1799:on 11 December 2007
1792:Inter Press Service
1766:on 29 November 2007
1719:. 24 November 2007.
1701:. 23 November 2007.
1470:4 July 2007 at the
1338:Free Malaysia Today
1177:4 July 2007 at the
1041:History of Malaysia
967:. He later founded
706:The protest at the
600:which acknowledges
587:Peninsular Malaysia
517:Arrests in November
194:(Strategic partner)
137:Coalition of Hindu
104:Ganabatirau Veraman
98:Manoharan Malayaram
3972:Kailashpati Mishra
3947:Dattopant Thengadi
3860:Shanti Party Nepal
3691:Uniform Civil Code
3345:. 17 February 2014
3317:www.thestar.com.my
3237:Hornbill Unleashed
2386:. 13 December 2007
2366:The Times of India
2266:. 29 November 2007
2235:on 18 January 2008
2203:on 10 October 2012
2135:. 25 November 2007
2066:on 5 February 2008
1917:on 5 December 2007
1664:on 10 October 2012
1611:. 29 November 2007
1539:on 6 November 2007
1387:The Times of India
1283:. 13 December 2007
1250:. 26 November 2007
1153:. 28 November 2018
1118:on 5 December 2021
1006:2007 HINDRAF rally
990:Perikatan Nasional
826:
682:
640:Malaysian ringgits
621:Queen Elizabeth II
589:was granted then.
556:2007 HINDRAF rally
552:
500:Hindu human rights
494:Human rights forum
404:2007 HINDRAF rally
4252:Hindu nationalism
4136:
4135:
3962:Subramanian Swamy
3935:
3934:
3701:Integral Humanism
3681:Hindu nationalism
3667:Hindu nationalism
3319:. The Star Online
3205:. 28 January 2013
3116:. 26 January 2013
2837:. 16 October 2008
2809:. 15 October 2008
2807:The Malaysian Bar
2783:. 15 October 2008
2755:. 16 October 2008
2228:The Straits Times
1476:Financial Express
1390:. 2 November 2007
1344:on 1 January 2021
1111:978-983-322-175-2
1011:P. Waytha Moorthy
891:R.S. Thanenthiran
889:(MMSP) formed by
822:2007 Bersih rally
672:Riot police used
631:in Kuala Lumpur.
617:Malaysian Indians
476:P. Waytha Moorthy
355:
327:
326:
314:Political parties
4259:
4189:
4188:
4177:
4176:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4144:
4022:François Gautier
3992:Kushabhau Thakre
3714:
3674:General ideology
3660:
3653:
3646:
3637:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3593:
3592:
3590:Official website
3576:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3506:on 24 March 2020
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3421:. Archived from
3419:"Top Management"
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3343:The Edge Markets
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3290:The Edge Markets
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3228:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3148:on 22 April 2016
3144:. Archived from
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3088:. Chennai, India
3077:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3033:on 4 August 2011
3029:. Archived from
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2904:
2895:
2894:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2701:on 10 March 2008
2697:. Archived from
2695:Associated Press
2686:
2680:
2679:
2661:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2525:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2465:
2456:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2368:. Archived from
2358:
2352:
2351:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2314:. Archived from
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2125:
2119:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2022:
2009:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1951:
1945:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1913:. Archived from
1900:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1862:. Archived from
1856:
1850:
1848:
1842:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1821:. Archived from
1815:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1795:. Archived from
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1752:
1739:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1691:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1648:
1639:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1599:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1535:. Archived from
1525:
1519:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1484:
1478:
1462:
1453:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1378:
1369:
1367:malaysiakini.com
1360:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1271:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1238:
1221:
1220:
1214:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1187:
1181:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1141:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1114:. Archived from
1094:
1053:Malaysian Tamils
994:Muhyiddin Yassin
965:Mahathir Mohamad
925:Barisan Nasional
858:Syed Hamid Albar
795:War of the Roses
702:
447:Barisan Nasional
360:
354:romanized:
353:
351:
275:
260:
245:
214:
155:Indian interests
37:
21:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4183:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4149:
4147:
4139:
4137:
4132:
4118:Hindu terrorism
4081:
4072:Yogi Adityanath
4052:K. S. Sudarshan
3967:Nanaji Deshmukh
3931:
3895:
3864:
3840:GFP Ramdir Sena
3828:
3819:Sanatan Sanstha
3764:Hindu Mahasabha
3705:
3669:
3664:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3579:
3569:
3567:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3537:
3535:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3509:
3507:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3454:
3451:The Star Online
3443:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3426:
3425:on 1 April 2019
3417:
3416:
3412:
3402:
3400:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3348:
3346:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3295:
3293:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3267:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3241:
3239:
3230:
3229:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3203:28 January 2013
3194:
3193:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3151:
3149:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3119:
3117:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3091:
3089:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3064:
3062:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2921:
2919:
2918:. 1 August 2016
2906:
2905:
2898:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2868:
2866:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2812:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2786:
2784:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2758:
2756:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2730:
2728:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2542:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2467:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2412:on 5 March 2012
2404:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2319:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2269:
2267:
2256:
2255:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2206:
2204:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2170:
2168:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2117:Wayback Machine
2108:
2104:
2094:
2092:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2039:
2037:
2024:
2023:
2012:
1998:
1996:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1966:
1964:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1943:Wayback Machine
1934:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1903:Tsin, Soon Li.
1902:
1901:
1897:
1876:
1869:
1867:
1860:"Archived copy"
1858:
1857:
1853:
1835:
1828:
1826:
1819:"Archived copy"
1817:
1816:
1812:
1802:
1800:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1754:
1753:
1742:
1736:Wayback Machine
1728:
1724:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1677:
1667:
1665:
1650:
1649:
1642:
1637:Wayback Machine
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1516:Wayback Machine
1507:
1503:
1493:
1491:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1472:Wayback Machine
1463:
1456:
1447:Wayback Machine
1438:
1434:
1424:
1422:
1421:. 21 April 2006
1411:
1410:
1403:
1393:
1391:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1345:
1332:
1331:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1280:The Star Online
1273:
1272:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1240:
1239:
1224:
1207:
1200:
1198:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1179:Wayback Machine
1170:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1121:
1119:
1112:
1097:
1091:
1078:
1061:
1002:
977:
953:Pakatan Harapan
949:
912:
866:
850:
814:
797:
759:
720:
700:
636:High Commission
625:Queen's Counsel
602:Malay Supremacy
575:Reid Commission
558:
536:
527:Bahasa Malaysia
519:
496:
480:V. Ganabathirau
464:
459:
431:
323:
293:
276:
273:
261:
258:
246:
243:
212:
193:
191:Pakatan Harapan
157:
153:
102:
100:
96:
92:
70:
58:
56:
46:
28:
27:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4265:
4263:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4181:
4169:
4157:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4012:Pravin Togadia
4009:
4007:Nathuram Godse
4004:
4002:Mahatma Gandhi
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3696:Saffronisation
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3582:External links
3580:
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3479:. 16 July 2019
3464:
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3410:
3399:. 17 July 2018
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3000:on 11 May 2010
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1825:on 3 June 2011
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975:Deregistration
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719:
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690:Mahatma Gandhi
594:British Pounds
554:Main article:
544:Mahatma Gandhi
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472:P. Uthayakumar
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3292:. 30 May 2013
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2318:on 9 May 2013
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871:Anwar Ibrahim
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659:Lim Kit Siang
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623:to appoint a
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610:Islamic state
607:
606:secular state
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4123:Hindutva pop
4062:B. S. Moonje
4057:Savitri Devi
3977:L. K. Advani
3890:
3804:Sri Ram Sena
3631:(in English)
3568:. Retrieved
3564:the original
3557:
3548:
3536:. Retrieved
3529:
3520:
3508:. Retrieved
3504:the original
3493:
3481:. Retrieved
3475:(in Malay).
3467:
3455:. Retrieved
3449:
3439:
3429:27 September
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3423:the original
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3349:27 September
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3263:Malaysiakini
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3201:Malaysiakini
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3174:Malaysiakini
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3146:the original
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3059:Malaysiakini
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3035:. Retrieved
3031:the original
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3002:. Retrieved
2998:the original
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2972:Malaysiakini
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2780:Malaysiakini
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2699:the original
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2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2611:
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2589:. Retrieved
2569:
2565:
2555:
2543:. Retrieved
2534:(1): 59–74.
2531:
2527:
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2497:
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2479:the original
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2426:
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2410:the original
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2348:the original
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2316:the original
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2290:. Retrieved
2280:
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2263:Malaysiakini
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2237:. Retrieved
2233:the original
2226:
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2201:the original
2194:
2185:
2175:– via
2169:. Retrieved
2155:
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2123:
2105:
2093:. Retrieved
2089:
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2064:the original
2054:
2044:– via
2038:. Retrieved
2031:
2026:
2003:– via
1997:. Retrieved
1987:
1981:
1971:– via
1965:. Retrieved
1955:
1949:
1931:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1910:Malaysiakini
1908:
1898:
1891:The Standard
1890:
1868:. Retrieved
1864:the original
1854:
1827:. Retrieved
1823:the original
1813:
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1797:the original
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1780:
1768:. Retrieved
1764:the original
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1698:
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1662:the original
1655:
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1606:
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1568:Malaysiakini
1566:
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1537:the original
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1523:
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1492:. Retrieved
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1435:
1423:. Retrieved
1416:
1392:. Retrieved
1385:
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1346:. Retrieved
1342:the original
1313:. Retrieved
1309:Malaysiakini
1307:
1297:
1285:. Retrieved
1278:
1252:. Retrieved
1247:Malaysiakini
1245:
1199:. Retrieved
1185:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1150:Malaysiakini
1148:
1139:
1122:25 September
1120:. Retrieved
1116:the original
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1080:
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867:
851:
842:
827:
820:Large-scale
806:
798:
786:
771:
764:
760:
744:
728:
721:
712:
705:
695:
694:
683:
678:water cannon
656:
647:Klang Valley
644:
633:
614:
591:
566:class action
559:
548:Kuala Lumpur
523:Sedition Act
520:
508:
497:
488:Kuala Lumpur
468:M. Manoharan
465:
451:Hindu temple
436:
432:
420:
401:
384:
381:Kuasa Rakyat
380:
376:
333:
329:
328:
252:Dewan Rakyat
237:Dewan Negara
159:Human rights
151:Hindu rights
129:15 July 2019
121:8 March 2013
113:19 July 2009
78:Abbreviation
71:
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52:Chinese name
15:
4027:Kamal Thapa
3774:Bajrang Dal
3477:Astro Awani
3403:3 September
3092:27 February
3065:17 November
2978:17 November
2752:India Today
2500:. MySinchew
2207:11 December
2033:Dailymotion
1668:11 December
1494:14 December
1425:14 December
1394:14 December
1315:14 December
1254:14 December
923:(MoU) with
878:Najib Razak
608:and not an
4201:Categories
4067:Uma Bharti
4037:Ram Madhav
3886:Siva Senai
3876:Banga Sena
3799:Hindu Sena
3769:Karni Sena
3734:Arya Samaj
2438:13 January
2292:18 January
2270:18 January
2239:2 February
2161:Al-Jazeera
2133:Al-Jazeera
1921:4 December
1803:4 December
1608:Al Jazeera
1451:gatago.com
1348:13 January
1195:Asia Times
1132:References
802:Parliament
789:Samy Vellu
708:Batu Caves
697:Al-Jazeera
652:Suria KLCC
429:Background
418:policies.
370:right-wing
171:Right-wing
134:Membership
86:Leadership
66:Tamil name
42:Malay name
4042:Amit Shah
3744:Shiv Sena
3086:The Hindu
2676:155887978
2586:154736655
2474:The Hindu
2343:The Hindu
1893:Hong Kong
1870:12 August
1829:4 January
1418:DNA India
1157:17 August
984:when the
319:Elections
126:Dissolved
118:Legalised
4191:Politics
4167:Hinduism
4155:Malaysia
3869:Overseas
3686:Hindutva
3619:Facebook
3601:Facebook
3510:10 March
3396:The Star
3242:15 April
3209:15 April
3180:15 April
3152:15 April
3120:15 April
3113:The Star
3026:The Star
2950:15 April
2922:15 April
2869:15 April
2863:The Star
2841:15 April
2813:15 April
2787:15 April
2759:15 April
2668:23418684
2625:15 April
2620:27913359
2591:15 April
2545:15 April
2416:15 April
2390:15 April
2322:15 April
2196:The Star
2171:15 April
2165:Archived
2139:15 April
2113:Archived
2095:15 April
2070:15 April
2040:15 April
1999:15 April
1993:Archived
1967:15 April
1961:Archived
1939:Archived
1880:cite web
1839:cite web
1770:15 April
1760:TIME.com
1732:Archived
1657:The Star
1633:Archived
1615:15 April
1574:15 April
1543:29 March
1512:Archived
1468:Archived
1443:Archived
1211:cite web
1201:15 April
1175:Archived
1000:See also
904:Interlok
899:Interlok
791:of MIC.
408:sedition
397:Malaysia
367:activism
361:); is a
291:Facebook
181:Hinduism
177:Religion
146:Ideology
57:兴都维权行动阵线
55:興都維權行動陣綫
4179:Society
4141:Portals
3900:Defunct
3891:HINDRAF
3610:Blogger
3606:HINDRAF
3597:HINDRAF
3531:Bernama
3483:21 July
3457:21 July
3375:4 April
3037:21 July
3004:22 July
2944:The Sun
2890:Reuters
2834:Reuters
2731:7 March
2726:Reuters
2705:7 March
2177:YouTube
2046:YouTube
2005:YouTube
1973:YouTube
929:Senator
674:teargas
661:of the
334:HINDRAF
299:Blogger
295:HINDRAF
287:HINDRAF
281:Website
274:0 / 587
259:0 / 222
209:Colours
110:Founded
81:HINDRAF
3940:People
3570:7 June
3538:7 June
3323:27 May
3296:27 May
3270:27 May
2674:
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1025:(MMSP)
457:Events
244:0 / 70
228:Anthem
220:Slogan
213:
3833:Nepal
3717:India
2672:S2CID
2664:JSTOR
2616:JSTOR
2582:S2CID
2524:(PDF)
2504:8 May
1059:Notes
1031:(HRP)
1019:(MAP)
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389:Hindu
363:Hindu
346:Tamil
338:Malay
3572:2021
3540:2021
3512:2020
3485:2019
3459:2019
3431:2019
3405:2018
3377:2021
3351:2019
3325:2019
3298:2019
3272:2019
3244:2016
3211:2016
3182:2016
3154:2016
3122:2016
3094:2011
3067:2016
3039:2011
3006:2009
2980:2016
2952:2016
2924:2017
2871:2016
2843:2016
2815:2016
2789:2016
2761:2016
2733:2008
2707:2008
2627:2016
2593:2016
2547:2016
2506:2016
2440:2021
2418:2016
2392:2016
2324:2016
2294:2008
2272:2008
2241:2008
2209:2007
2173:2016
2141:2016
2097:2016
2072:2016
2042:2016
2001:2016
1969:2016
1923:2007
1886:link
1872:2013
1845:link
1831:2008
1805:2007
1772:2016
1670:2007
1617:2016
1576:2016
1545:2019
1496:2007
1427:2007
1396:2007
1350:2021
1317:2007
1289:2019
1256:2007
1217:link
1203:2016
1159:2021
1124:2021
1106:ISBN
1085:ISBN
1070:ISBN
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828:The
767:UMNO
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478:and
439:NGOs
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2654:doi
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