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Wang Jing is the chairman and chief executive officer of HKND. He managed and invested in various businesses, including infrastructure, mining, aviation and telecommunication. Other chief officers include Bill Wild as the chief project advisor, KK Lee as the deputy general manager, and Ronald
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with HKND on June 13, 2013, thereby granting the company "the sole rights to the HKND Group to plan, design, construct and thereafter to operate and manage the
Nicaragua Grand Canal and other related projects, including ports, a free trade zone, an international airport and other infrastructure
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Work was to start officially on
December 22, 2014, and was scheduled to be completed by 2020, though construction never began. Following financial difficulties, HKND finally closed its offices in April 2018, leaving no forwarding address or telephone numbers to be reached.
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to a foreign-owned private company for a century. Further, the agreement was negotiated without transparency and national consensus. "All judicial, labour, fiscal and financial rights and sovereignty of the country (have been conceded) to Wang". While the reserves of the
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serve as collateral on part of
Nicaragua, HKND has no such potential liability. Further, there are concerns about environmental impact, and that legal rights of indigenous populations are being violated.
139:), a Belgium-based civil engineering firm for canal hydraulics, and MEC Mining, an Australia-based engineering consultant company. Also involved are McLarty Associates and the law firm
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to conduct an economic feasibility study, Environmental
Resources Management Ltd. to study environmental and social impact of the project, Studiebureau voor Bouwkunde en Expertises (
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is being prepared to provide financing for the project but following financial difficulties, HKND finally closed its offices in April 2018.
124:, one of China's biggest construction equipment manufacturers, would take a 1.5 to 3 percent stake in HKND and become the sole supplier of
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was the first project for HKND. The cost of the project is estimated to be US$ 40bn. or US$ 50bn. The
Nicaraguan government approved the
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development projects." The agreement lasts for 50 years and is renewable for another 50 years. HKND would have paid the
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117:(CRCC), whose 4th Institute was in charge of designing the canal while the 11th Institute was to build it.
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US$ 10m annually. After ten years, Nicaragua would have received shares of HKND at intervals.
42:. HK Nicaragua Canal Development Investment is owned or controlled by the Chinese businessman
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HKND teamed with other companies for the canal project. A major partner was the state-owned
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423:"Four Years Later, China-Backed Nicaragua Canal Struggles to Take Off the Ground"
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476:"High-powered Nicaraguan canal delegation quietly visits mainland China"
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220:"China's 'ordinary' billionaire behind grand Nicaragua canal plan"
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has been criticized by some who argue that
Nicaragua sold its
400:"Canal deal cripples Nicaraguan sovereignty, again: activist"
34:. HKND was founded in 2012 with the purpose to develop the
342:"Nicaragua launches construction of inter-oceanic canal"
179:"Nicaragua Congress approves ocean-to-ocean canal plan"
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Ex-Billionaire
Abandons Office in Prime Hong Kong Tower
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290:"The rival to the Panama Canal that was never built"
20:
267:"Nicaragua canal developer HKND plans IPO –CEO"
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368:"HKND: The man behind the Nicaragua Canal"
511:Real estate companies established in 2012
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38:as a wider and deeper alternative to the
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30:development firm that is registered in
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16:Private infrastructure development firm
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122:Xugong Group Construction Machinery Co
115:China Railway Construction Corporation
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203:Data in Hong Kong Companies Registry
101:MacLean-Abaroa, the former mayor of
46:. In 2014 it was announced that an
398:Claudia Leon York (July 11, 2013).
474:Paul Boehler (December 23, 2014).
131:As of 2014 other partners include
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421:Adriana Peralta (May 8, 2017).
370:. Maritime-CEO. Archived from
218:Matthew Miller (May 4, 2014).
1:
506:Land developers of Hong Kong
269:. Reuters. December 23, 2013
76:Master Concession Agreement
64:Master Concession Agreement
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402:. South China Morning Post
480:South China Morning Post
85:Nicaraguan National Bank
69:Government of Nicaragua
58:The development of the
126:construction machinery
317:"Project Background"
141:Kirkland & Ellis
516:Canals in Nicaragua
374:on January 10, 2015
348:. December 23, 2014
105:, as spokesperson.
433:on August 23, 2017
288:Baraniuk, Chris.
164:. Blake Schmidt,
133:McKinsey & Co
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168:. 26 April 2018
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60:Nicaragua Canal
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54:Nicaragua Canal
36:Nicaragua Canal
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453:"Team Members"
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185:. 13 June 2013
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96:Chief officers
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28:infrastructure
26:was a private
22:also known as
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483:. Retrieved
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457:. Retrieved
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435:. Retrieved
431:the original
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404:. Retrieved
376:. Retrieved
372:the original
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350:. Retrieved
321:. Retrieved
297:. Retrieved
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271:. Retrieved
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249:. Retrieved
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187:. Retrieved
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120:State-owned
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40:Panama Canal
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294:www.bbc.com
189:15 November
80:sovereignty
500:Categories
485:January 9,
459:January 9,
427:PanAm Post
406:January 9,
378:January 9,
352:January 9,
323:January 9,
299:2023-09-26
273:January 7,
251:January 9,
229:January 9,
147:References
166:Bloomberg
44:Wang Jing
32:Hong Kong
183:BBC News
109:Partners
224:Reuters
455:. HKND
437:May 8,
319:. HKND
245:"HKND"
103:La Paz
487:2015
461:2015
439:2017
408:2015
380:2015
354:2015
325:2015
275:2015
253:2015
231:2015
191:2018
74:The
24:HKND
346:BBC
137:SBE
48:IPO
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