103:
31:
425:
HLA-A3 selects HIV evolution for a mutation Gag KK9 epitope and results in a rapid decline in the CD8 T-cell response. CD8 T-cells are responsible for quickly killing HIV infected CD4+ cells. This type of evolved response may not be specific for HLA-A3 and since HIV is capable of adapting quickly in
1273:
A3~B7 is bimodal in frequency in Europe with one node in
Ireland and the other in Switzerland, relatively speaking Switzerland appears to be higher. A3~Cw7~B7 is one of the most common multigene haplotypes in the western world, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe.
1454:
Barton J, Wiener H, Acton R, Go R (2005). "HLA haplotype A*03-B*07 in hemochromatosis probands with HFE C282Y homozygosity: frequency disparity in men and women and lack of association with severity of iron overload".
1317:
Arce-Gomez B, Jones EA, Barnstable CJ, Solomon E, Bodmer WF (February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin".
1492:"A study of 82 extended HLA haplotypes in HFE-C282Y homozygous hemochromatosis subjects: relationship to the genetic control of CD8+ T-lymphocyte numbers and severity of iron overload"
1679:
Fogdell-Hahn A, Ligers A, Grønning M, Hillert J, Olerup O (2000). "Multiple sclerosis: a modifying influence of HLA class I genes in an HLA class II associated autoimmune disease".
399:
A3 is primarily composed of A*03:01 and *03:02 which serotype well with anti-A3 antibodies. There are 26 non-synonymous variants of A*03, 4 nulls, and 22 protein variants.
49:
20:
306:
serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A3, the alpha, "A", chain are encoded by the HLA-A
1592:"Selection, transmission, and reversion of an antigen-processing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte escape mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection"
1732:
1419:
Machens A, Löliger C, Pichlmeier U, Emskötter T, Busch C, Izbicki J (1999). "Correlation of thymic pathology with HLA in myasthenia gravis".
1407:
282:
67:
1642:
Middleton, D.; Menchaca, L.; Rood, H.; Komerofsky, R. (2003). "New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net".
1725:
1543:"HLA haplotype map of river valley populations with hemochromatosis traced through five centuries in Central Sweden"
1644:
1718:
294:
1909:
123:
321:
are almost synonymous in meaning. A3 is more common in Europe, it is part of the longest known multigene
1403:
278:
311:
156:
134:
417:
patients. The HFE (Hemochromatosis) locus lies between A3 and B7 within the A3~DQ6 superhaplotype.
1572:
1251:
263:
219:
205:
1696:
1661:
1621:
1564:
1523:
1472:
1436:
1383:
1334:
409:
1688:
1653:
1611:
1603:
1554:
1513:
1503:
1464:
1428:
1373:
1365:
1326:
1235:
1035:
1354:"Variation analysis and gene annotation of eight MHC haplotypes: the MHC Haplotype Project"
414:
147:
1518:
1491:
1490:
Cruz E, Vieira J, Almeida S, Lacerda R, Gartner A, Cardoso C, Alves H, Porto G (2006).
1378:
1353:
1330:
1692:
1616:
1591:
1903:
1657:
1607:
1559:
1542:
1576:
102:
140:
89:
1468:
1369:
1400:
1054:
446:
322:
1700:
1665:
1625:
1568:
1527:
1508:
1476:
1440:
1432:
1387:
1744:
298:
1338:
332:
1888:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1785:
1780:
118:
314:
1775:
1765:
1760:
127:
1261:
A3-B7 is part of the A3~DQ2 superhaplotype A3-B8 (Romania, svanS)
1755:
1741:
1710:
303:
152:
93:
1714:
24:
1352:
Horton R, Gibson R, Coggill P, et al. (January 2008).
1541:
Olsson KS, Ritter B, Hansson N, Chowdhury RR (July 2008).
317:. This group currently is dominated by A*03:01. A3 and A
45:
1590:
Allen TM, Altfeld M, Yu XG, et al. (July 2004).
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1149:
1141:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1050:
1021:
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
981:
973:
965:
957:
949:
941:
933:
925:
917:
909:
901:
893:
885:
877:
869:
861:
853:
845:
837:
829:
821:
813:
805:
797:
789:
781:
773:
765:
757:
749:
741:
733:
725:
717:
709:
701:
693:
685:
677:
669:
661:
653:
645:
637:
629:
621:
613:
605:
597:
589:
581:
573:
565:
557:
549:
541:
533:
525:
517:
509:
501:
493:
485:
477:
469:
461:
457:
442:
258:
241:
232:
214:
200:
183:
174:
166:
146:
133:
117:
112:
82:
40:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
1637:
1635:
334:A3 recognition of some HLA A*03 gene products
21:History and naming of human leukocyte antigens
1726:
8:
1045:
437:
310:allele group and the β-chain are encoded by
407:A3 serotype is a secondary risk factor for
1733:
1719:
1711:
238:
180:
101:
1615:
1558:
1517:
1507:
1377:
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
52:, without removing the technical details.
1263:A3~B35 (Bulgaria, Croatia, E. Black Sea)
1309:
1044:
436:
79:
1250:A*03:01 modulates increased risk for
50:make it understandable to non-experts
7:
1331:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01233.x
14:
1693:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550205.x
1408:European Bioinformatics Institute
1658:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x
1608:10.1128/JVI.78.13.7069-7078.2004
1560:10.1111/j.1600-0609.2008.01078.x
29:
16:Human leukocyte antigen serotype
1:
426:situ to selective factors.
1926:
1469:10.1016/j.bcmd.2004.08.022
1174:Saudi Arabia Guraiat and …
1142:India Andhra Pradesh Goll…
1078:Morocco Nador Metalsa Cla…
1022:Singapore Javanese Indone…
958:Mex. Guadalajara Mestizos…
942:Morocco Nador Metalsa Cla…
870:Australia Indig. Cape Yor…
710:Azores Santa Maria and Sa…
702:Cape Verde Southeastern I…
694:USA North American Native…
646:Saudi Arabia Guraiat and …
534:Cape Verde Northwestern I…
18:
1751:
1370:10.1007/s00251-007-0262-2
1233:
1229:
1222:USA South Texas Hispanics
1166:Georgia Tbilisi Georgian…
1033:
1029:
926:Senegal Niokholo Mandenka
750:USA South Texas Hispanics
582:USA African Americans (2)
518:Georgia Tbilisi Georgian…
502:Australia New South Wales
276:
253:Available structures
237:
195:Available structures
179:
100:
87:
1214:South Africa Natal Tamil
742:South African Natal Zulu
413:and lower CD8 levels in
1126:India West Coast Parsis
1046:HLA A*03:02 frequencies
438:HLA A*03:01 frequencies
295:human leukocyte antigen
1509:10.1186/1471-2350-7-16
1433:10.1006/clim.1999.4710
1265:A3~B55 (E. Black Sea)
1086:Pakistan Karachi Parsi
470:India Tamil Nadu Nadar
124:transmembrane receptor
1070:Georgia Tbilisi Kurds
910:Zimbabwe Harare Shona
830:Georgia Tbilisi Kurds
590:India Mumbai Marathas
510:Georgia Svaneti Svans
96:cell surface antigen)
878:China Inner Mongolia
277:Alleles link-out to
1457:Blood Cells Mol Dis
1421:Clinical Immunology
1246:Associated diseases
1047:
822:Cameroon Pygmy Baka
439:
403:Associated diseases
335:
1252:multiple sclerosis
1236:Allele frequencies
1198:India North Hindus
1036:Allele frequencies
758:India North Hindus
566:USA Caucasians (3)
333:
325:, A3~B7~DR15~DQ6.
1897:
1896:
1401:Allele Query Form
1243:
1242:
1239:
1118:India North Delhi
1094:Israel Arab Druse
1061:
1043:
1042:
1039:
902:China Qinghai Hui
734:Israel Arab Druse
662:India North Delhi
630:Cameroon Bamileke
453:
410:myasthenia gravis
397:
396:
288:
287:
272:
271:
228:
227:
78:
77:
70:
1917:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1712:
1705:
1704:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1562:
1547:Eur. J. Haematol
1538:
1532:
1531:
1521:
1511:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1416:
1410:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1381:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1314:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1234:
1059:
1051:Study population
1048:
1034:
598:India West Bhils
526:Pakistan Burusho
494:Ireland Northern
451:
443:Study population
440:
390:
336:
320:
309:
266:
239:
222:
208:
181:
105:
80:
73:
66:
62:
59:
53:
33:
32:
25:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1747:
1739:
1709:
1708:
1681:Tissue Antigens
1678:
1677:
1673:
1645:Tissue Antigens
1641:
1640:
1633:
1602:(13): 7069–78.
1589:
1588:
1584:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1399:
1395:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1319:Tissue Antigens
1316:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:A3~B haplotypes
1248:
1238:presented, only
1206:Pakistan Pathan
1190:Pakistan Sindhi
1158:Pakistan Baloch
1150:Pakistan Kalash
1134:Portugal Centre
1102:India New Delhi
1057:
1038:presented, only
1006:Mexico Mestizos
998:China Yunnan Nu
990:China Tibetans
982:Mongolia Buriat
974:China North Han
966:China Guangzhou
894:Pakistan Sindhi
886:Mali Bandiagara
854:Pakistan Brahui
718:Pakistan Baloch
678:Russia Tuva (2)
638:Pakistan Kalash
614:Pakistan Pathan
606:Portugal Centre
574:Italy North (1)
449:
435:
429:
423:
415:hemochromatosis
405:
388:
331:
318:
307:
262:
254:
249:
244:
218:
204:
196:
191:
186:
160:
108:
74:
63:
57:
54:
46:help improve it
43:
34:
30:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1923:
1921:
1913:
1912:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1671:
1652:(5): 403–407.
1631:
1582:
1533:
1482:
1446:
1427:(3): 296–301.
1411:
1393:
1358:Immunogenetics
1344:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1270:
1267:
1258:
1255:
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1244:
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1240:
1231:
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1227:
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1223:
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1218:
1215:
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1207:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1186:
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1179:
1178:
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1170:
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1163:
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1159:
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1127:
1123:
1122:
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1115:
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1111:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1052:
1041:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:American Samoa
1011:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
999:
995:
994:
991:
987:
986:
983:
979:
978:
975:
971:
970:
967:
963:
962:
959:
955:
954:
951:
947:
946:
943:
939:
938:
935:
931:
930:
927:
923:
922:
919:
915:
914:
911:
907:
906:
903:
899:
898:
895:
891:
890:
887:
883:
882:
879:
875:
874:
871:
867:
866:
863:
859:
858:
855:
851:
850:
847:
843:
842:
839:
835:
834:
831:
827:
826:
823:
819:
818:
815:
811:
810:
807:
803:
802:
799:
795:
794:
791:
787:
786:
783:
782:Uganda Kampala
779:
778:
775:
771:
770:
767:
763:
762:
759:
755:
754:
751:
747:
746:
743:
739:
738:
735:
731:
730:
727:
723:
722:
719:
715:
714:
711:
707:
706:
703:
699:
698:
695:
691:
690:
687:
683:
682:
679:
675:
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671:
667:
666:
663:
659:
658:
655:
651:
650:
647:
643:
642:
639:
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634:
631:
627:
626:
623:
619:
618:
615:
611:
610:
607:
603:
602:
599:
595:
594:
591:
587:
586:
583:
579:
578:
575:
571:
570:
567:
563:
562:
559:
555:
554:
551:
547:
546:
543:
539:
538:
535:
531:
530:
527:
523:
522:
519:
515:
514:
511:
507:
506:
503:
499:
498:
495:
491:
490:
487:
483:
482:
479:
478:Czech Republic
475:
474:
471:
467:
466:
463:
459:
458:
455:
454:
444:
434:
431:
422:
419:
404:
401:
395:
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386:
382:
381:
378:
375:
371:
370:
367:
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360:
359:
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353:
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340:
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327:
286:
285:
274:
273:
270:
269:
267:
260:
256:
255:
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250:
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245:
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235:
234:
230:
229:
226:
225:
223:
216:
212:
211:
209:
202:
198:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
177:
176:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
161:-microglobulin
158:
150:
144:
143:
137:
131:
130:
121:
115:
114:
110:
109:
106:
98:
97:
85:
84:
76:
75:
37:
35:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1922:
1911:
1910:HLA-A alleles
1908:
1907:
1905:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1736:
1731:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:BMC Med Genet
1493:
1486:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1450:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1325:(2): 96–112.
1324:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1303:
1301:
1275:
1268:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
918:Cameroon Sawa
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
862:China Beijing
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
766:Zambia Lusaka
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
726:Guinea Bissau
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
622:Cameroon Beti
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
542:Ireland South
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
448:
445:
441:
432:
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72:
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61:
51:
47:
41:
38:This article
36:
27:
26:
22:
1770:
1687:(2): 140–8.
1684:
1680:
1674:
1649:
1643:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1553:(1): 36–46.
1550:
1546:
1536:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1463:(1): 38–47.
1460:
1456:
1449:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1396:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1276:
1272:
1260:
1249:
790:Jordan Amman
654:USA Hispanic
428:
424:
408:
406:
398:
342:
297:
290:
289:
281:database at
233:Rare alleles
64:
55:
39:
1364:(1): 1–18.
1060:(in %)
950:Kenya Nandi
774:Iran Baloch
452:(in %)
167:Older names
141:heterodimer
90:MHC Class I
1304:References
293:(A3) is a
19:See also:
1745:serotypes
1269:A3~Cw7~B7
934:Kenya Luo
358:size (N)
323:haplotype
135:Structure
1904:Category
1701:10746785
1666:12753660
1626:15194783
1596:J. Virol
1577:30689398
1569:18363869
1528:16509978
1477:15607698
1441:10370374
1404:IMGT/HLA
1388:18193213
1110:Sudanese
846:Bulgaria
838:Sudanese
550:Romanian
329:Serotype
299:serotype
279:IMGT/HLA
175:Subtypes
148:Subunits
58:May 2017
1519:1413516
1379:2206249
686:Tunisia
670:Madeira
558:Croatia
486:Belgium
462:Finland
433:Alleles
347:Sample
302:within
243:Subtype
185:Subtype
155:*03--,
119:Protein
44:Please
1699:
1664:
1624:
1617:421658
1614:
1575:
1567:
1526:
1516:
1502:: 16.
1475:
1439:
1386:
1376:
1337:
1299:*06:02
1297:~ DQB1
1295:*01:02
1293:~ DQA1
1291:*15:01
1289:~ DRB1
1287:*07:02
1283:*07:02
1279:*03:01
1058:
806:Brazil
450:
421:In HIV
385:*03:05
374:*03:02
363:*03:01
352:allele
291:HLA-A3
264:*03:05
248:allele
220:*03:02
206:*03:01
190:allele
128:ligand
107:HLA-A3
83:HLA-A3
1756:HLA-A
1742:HLA-A
1573:S2CID
1339:77067
1055:Freq.
798:Kenya
447:Freq.
369:3504
339:A*03
315:locus
304:HLA-A
170:HL-A3
153:HLA-A
113:About
1697:PMID
1662:PMID
1622:PMID
1565:PMID
1524:PMID
1473:PMID
1437:PMID
1384:PMID
1335:PMID
1182:Oman
814:Oman
569:10.8
561:11.0
553:11.6
545:11.6
537:12.0
529:13.0
521:13.8
513:13.8
505:13.8
497:14.3
489:17.1
481:18.9
473:20.5
465:25.0
380:342
259:A3.5
215:A3.2
201:A3.1
1889:A80
1884:A36
1877:A69
1872:A68
1867:A28
1860:A74
1855:A33
1850:A32
1845:A31
1840:A30
1835:A29
1830:A19
1825:A11
1818:A66
1813:A43
1808:A34
1803:A26
1798:A25
1793:A10
1786:A24
1781:A23
1689:doi
1654:doi
1612:PMC
1604:doi
1555:doi
1514:PMC
1504:doi
1465:doi
1429:doi
1374:PMC
1366:doi
1327:doi
1285:~ B
1281:~ C
1225:0.8
1217:1.0
1209:1.0
1201:1.0
1193:1.3
1185:1.3
1177:1.4
1169:1.4
1161:1.6
1153:1.7
1145:1.7
1137:2.0
1129:2.0
1121:2.2
1113:2.3
1105:2.3
1097:2.5
1089:2.8
1081:4.1
1073:8.3
1025:2.0
1017:2.0
1009:2.4
1001:2.5
993:2.5
985:2.9
977:2.9
969:2.9
961:3.1
953:3.1
945:3.4
937:3.6
929:3.8
921:3.8
913:4.0
905:4.1
897:4.4
889:4.4
881:4.4
873:4.4
865:4.5
857:4.6
849:4.6
841:4.8
833:5.0
825:5.0
817:5.1
809:5.1
801:5.2
793:5.2
785:5.5
777:5.6
769:5.8
761:5.8
753:6.0
745:6.0
737:6.0
729:6.2
721:6.3
713:6.4
705:6.5
697:6.7
689:6.7
681:6.9
673:7.0
665:7.2
657:7.3
649:7.5
641:7.5
633:7.8
625:8.6
617:8.7
609:9.0
601:9.0
593:9.3
585:9.4
577:9.7
319:*03
312:B2M
308:*03
283:EBI
139:αβ
48:to
1906::
1776:A9
1771:A3
1766:A2
1761:A1
1695:.
1685:55
1683:.
1660:.
1650:61
1648:.
1634:^
1620:.
1610:.
1600:78
1598:.
1594:.
1571:.
1563:.
1551:81
1549:.
1545:.
1522:.
1512:.
1498:.
1494:.
1471:.
1461:34
1459:.
1435:.
1425:91
1423:.
1406:-
1382:.
1372:.
1362:60
1360:.
1356:.
1333:.
1323:11
1321:.
393:5
389:20
377:78
366:99
355:%
343:A3
92:,
1734:e
1727:t
1720:v
1703:.
1691::
1668:.
1656::
1628:.
1606::
1579:.
1557::
1530:.
1506::
1500:7
1479:.
1467::
1443:.
1431::
1390:.
1368::
1341:.
1329::
1277:A
159:2
157:β
126:/
94:A
88:(
71:)
65:(
60:)
56:(
42:.
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