761:
410:
37:
1839:
1549:
128:
2069:
573:
904:
2219:
727:, with her experienced commander and crew, countered by not shortening sail as was standard (this reduced strain on the masts, thus making it less likely to lose a mast under fire). By 2:00 p.m., both ships were heading southeast. The opening phase of the action comprised both ships turning to and fro, attempting to get the better position for which to fire upon and rake the other, but with little success. Bainbridge now
3720:
3068:
3715:
3063:
68:
2591:
2558:
2580:
2569:
2613:
2602:
660:
sighted strange sails on the distant horizon. Bainbridge initially was unsure of the disposition of the ships, but hours later as they drew closer he was able to discern that the approaching vessels were large and now assumed them to be
British. To ascertain the disposition of the unidentified ships
409:
760:
850:
Upon learning of the death of
Captain Lambert, Commodore Bainbridge expressed deep sorrow for a commander he credited to be brave and noble. On 23 April 1813, Lieutenant Chads and the other surviving officers and men of
990:
s casualties appear to vary. Roosevelt claims 12 killed and 22 wounded; Harris puts the numbers at nine killed and 25 wounded, with the number killed not taking into account three of the wounded who later
749:
s helm, disabling her rudder and leaving
Bainbridge severely wounded; however he still maintained command, refusing to sit out the battle. Both ships resumed firing broadsides but by now
1515:
656:
was sent into the port to communicate with the
American consul stationed there. On 29 December at 9:00 a.m., still out at high sea in search of prizes, crewmen aloft
917:
3757:
599:, but many were landsmen still raw to service at sea, and even more damning to her cause, they had only practised gunnery once without shot loaded in the guns. Still,
665:
hoisted private signals (flags) at 11:30 a.m., while the assumed
British vessel also hoisted its signals, but neither ship made the correct counter-signal.
753:
had a mast and sail falling over her starboard side that prevented most of her guns on that side from firing, which also prevented her from laying alongside
2068:
133:
942:
932:
734:
to a matching course and opened fire with a broadside at half a mile. This broadside accomplished nothing and forced
Bainbridge to risk raking to close
3762:
3102:
2650:
2014:
1508:
782:
at a large disadvantage. Within one hour, after several close encounters involving the rigging of each ship getting entangled with the other's,
970:, Chad's address to the Court-martial, 23 April 1813, Commodore Bainbridge's letters, testimony of Christopher Speedy at Chad's Court-martial,
3747:
1852:
1462:
1392:
1367:
3264:
1359:
937:
3782:
3777:
3742:
2848:
2772:
2400:
1738:
1501:
2463:
1355:
843:, replacing the one that had been shot away. On New Year's Day 1813, two days after the engagement, Bainbridge gave the order to set
2821:
2388:
1748:
1420:
1302:
3633:
2756:
1843:
927:
922:
3643:
3460:
1999:
1629:
3752:
2100:
2095:
546:
438:
2858:
2143:
839:
was rendered a dismasted hulk that was not worth taking as a prize. Instead
Bainbridge removed her helm and installed it on
36:
561:). She was carrying additional personnel for other ships at the time and included another Royal Navy commander in transit.
3671:
3297:
3095:
3005:
2643:
1817:
3334:
2762:
2448:
2158:
1865:
1802:
224:
2606:
698:. Being French-built, she was comparatively light for a frigate and was consequently faster and more maneuverable than
3450:
3324:
3185:
2675:
2595:
2562:
2458:
2163:
1538:
1534:
365:
192:
3592:
2133:
801:
so as to make immediately-needed repairs, taking approximately an hour. Clearing the masts and fallen rigging aboard
374:
frigate, but the vessel actually carried 46 guns. The
British captured her in 1811 in a noteworthy action during the
2584:
2573:
797:
now took over command, assisted by the captain in transit to his ship. Bainbridge used this opportunity to distance
3723:
3719:
3714:
3710:
3444:
3111:
3071:
3067:
3062:
3058:
2984:
2659:
2425:
2239:
1888:
1880:
1822:
1812:
1662:
2617:
723:
started the battle badly out-matched both in terms of the experience of her crew and the weight of her broadside.
3687:
3511:
3254:
3127:
2504:
2453:
2326:
2153:
2128:
2090:
1936:
1870:
1774:
1708:
1437:
832:
lost nine men initially and 57 wounded, including
Bainbridge. Some four or five later succumbed to their wounds.
3175:
3088:
2945:
2636:
2334:
2218:
1984:
1898:
1027:
The Naval
History of Great Britain: From the Declaration of War by France in 1793 to the Accession of George IV
3772:
3602:
2895:
2514:
2499:
2380:
2342:
2310:
2286:
2052:
2009:
1989:
1860:
1807:
1728:
20:
545:
sailed from Portsmouth on 12 November for Bombay to deliver the appointed governor, Lieutenant-General Sir
3612:
3563:
3517:
3345:
3202:
2916:
2837:
2793:
2372:
2302:
2168:
1951:
1903:
1652:
1647:
1412:
502:
549:, and his staff with their baggage, and naval stores (including copper plates for the under-construction
3680:
2879:
2481:
2294:
2188:
2138:
2118:
1994:
1961:
1723:
1667:
1657:
1624:
1588:
1322:
909:
550:
518:
445:
430:
2590:
2557:
3574:
3222:
2814:
2697:
2549:
2531:
2318:
2278:
2270:
2183:
2173:
1979:
1931:
1926:
1893:
1718:
1606:
1598:
1570:
1332:
947:
860:
472:
3767:
3535:
3505:
3484:
3422:
3382:
3285:
3274:
3243:
2966:
2782:
2568:
2443:
2359:
2148:
2004:
1908:
1784:
1672:
1454:
3581:
3542:
3491:
3466:
3400:
3389:
3371:
3355:
3313:
3211:
3195:
3155:
2973:
2905:
2803:
2736:
2725:
2718:
2708:
2686:
2612:
2509:
2203:
2193:
2123:
2039:
2024:
1974:
1918:
1733:
1441:
1402:
884:
634:
478:
466:
454:
379:
375:
889:
572:
3411:
3361:
3165:
3144:
2934:
2868:
2830:
2746:
2543:
2198:
1941:
1713:
1690:
1458:
1416:
1388:
1363:
1336:
1298:
794:
638:
460:
394:
3663:
3653:
3556:
3528:
3477:
3302:
3233:
3080:
3036:
3027:
3015:
2955:
2923:
2628:
2029:
1946:
1700:
1580:
1431:
1406:
1378:
1326:
971:
604:
539:, a senior commander who had seen combat on a number of occasions in His Majesty's service.
383:
301:
3433:
2889:
2539:
2367:
2231:
1477:
1473:"Naval History of the Present Year, 1813 (February—March) Retrospective and Miscellaneous"
757:. The guns that attempted to fire only managed to set the fallen sail and rigging ablaze.
649:
556:
355:
201:
52:
2262:
2222:
2178:
2073:
1969:
1779:
728:
645:
1451:
British Warships in the Age of Sail, 1793–1817 Design, Construction, Careers and Fates
3736:
2491:
2417:
2047:
1838:
1756:
1553:
1548:
1472:
856:
821:
hoisted out a boat and sent First Lieutenant Parker to take possession of the prize.
809:
returned from repairing her damage and immediately took a raking position from which
688:
671:, tacking the wind, made her way from the neutral Portuguese territorial waters with
611:
536:
3696:
3549:
3498:
2253:
2110:
2082:
603:
was well supplied and manned, and would prove to be well handled and well fought.
535:
was under Captain William Gordon, but not commissioned until August under Captain
1349:
1025:
2435:
2019:
1525:
813:
could not defend herself. This left Lieutenant Chads no choice but to surrender
778:
s accuracy of fire and the greater weight of her broadside put the much smaller
692:
371:
1493:
2473:
899:
626:
596:
494:
352:
348:
198:
1340:
2535:
1616:
1384:
683:
hoisting her colors in reply. With the dispositions of each ship confirmed,
619:
615:
450:
378:, but she is most famous for her defeat on 29 December 1812 in a three-hour
328:
591:
was a well-qualified officer, having seen much combat during his service.
1794:
1639:
1562:
1380:
The Life and Services of Commodore William Bainbridge, United States Navy
490:
24:
614:
carrying 54 cannon: thirty 24-pounder guns and twenty-four 32-pounder
401:
she allegedly had 426 aboard, in comparison with her opponent's 475.
93:
1682:
1433:
The Frigate Constitution The Central Figure of the Navy Under Sail
759:
453:. On 20 May, the French encountered a British squadron comprising
408:
789:
s masts collapsed. During this encounter a sharpshooter aloft in
1766:
485:
struck after her mainsail was set on fire. The British captured
3084:
2632:
1497:
966:
Roosevelt draws on the primary sources of the Logbook of the
866:
for the loss of their ship. They were honourably acquitted.
828:
suffered 22 men killed, including Lambert, and 102 wounded.
595:
had more than a full crew, having been rounded out while in
429:
In May 1811, she was part of a three-sail squadron under
1348:
Dudley, William S.; Crawford, Michael J., eds. (1985).
1108:
1106:
892:
and in the novel "Yankee Mission" by Julian Stockwin.
1228:
1226:
1093:
1091:
691:
to her advantage, came about to position herself to
3624:
3118:
2996:
2666:
2490:
2472:
2434:
2416:
2261:
2252:
2230:
2216:
2109:
2081:
2065:
2038:
1960:
1917:
1879:
1851:
1835:
1793:
1765:
1747:
1699:
1681:
1638:
1615:
1597:
1579:
1561:
1545:
1328:
History of the Navy of the United States of America
625:On 13 December 1812, sailing from Boston by way of
413:A naval engagement at night, an action between HMS
1192:
1190:
918:Bibliography of early United States naval history
1297:. New York: William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd.
1051:
1049:
1124:
249: in (46.5 m) (gundeck); 126 ft
3096:
2644:
1509:
397:of about 277, but during her engagement with
8:
1351:The Naval War of 1812: A Documentary History
675:giving chase. At 12:30 p.m. that day
3103:
3089:
3081:
2651:
2637:
2629:
2258:
2227:
2078:
1848:
1558:
1516:
1502:
1494:
1039:
1037:
943:List of ships captured in the 19th century
933:List of early warships of the English navy
358:. She was originally laid down in 1805 as
92:Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
3112:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1813
2660:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1812
555:, at Bombay, and plans for the new ship,
571:
19:For other ships with the same name, see
3758:War of 1812 ships of the United Kingdom
1004:
959:
2579:
1293:O'Brian, Patrick (1979). "Chapter 3".
1280:
1112:
1082:
717:returning fire with a full broadside.
31:
793:mortally wounded Lambert. Lieutenant
648:, arrived off the coast of Brazil at
124:
64:
7:
2601:
938:List of ship names of the Royal Navy
1354:. Contributor Hughes, Christine F.
679:hoisted her colors and ensign with
847:ablaze; she subsequently blew up.
610:had an experienced crew manning a
576:Diagram of the battle between USS
14:
293:12 ft 9 in (3.9 m)
3763:Naval battles of the War of 1812
3718:
3713:
3066:
3061:
2611:
2600:
2589:
2578:
2567:
2556:
2217:
2067:
1837:
1547:
928:Glossary of nautical terms (M-Z)
923:Glossary of nautical terms (A-L)
902:
768:exploding after being set ablaze
126:
66:
35:
1436:. Boston, New York, Cambridge:
1064:Naval Chronicle, Vol. 29 p. 243
882:was fictionalized in the novel
633:, under the command of Captain
505:, escaped. The British brought
1244:
1205:
1169:
1148:
1136:
1:
2015:Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek
1438:Houghton, Mifflin and Company
1030:. R. Bentley. pp. 15–26.
263: in (38.5 m) (keel)
3748:Pallas-class frigates (1808)
1539:Timeline of the War of 1812
1430:Hollis, Ira Nelson (1900).
1268:
1256:
1232:
1097:
1011:
3799:
3783:Maritime incidents in 1813
3778:Maritime incidents in 1812
3743:Frigates of the Royal Navy
2867:September (unknown date):
2529:
1535:Battles of the War of 1812
1481:. Vol. 29. Joyce Gold
1217:
1181:
1125:Dudley & Crawford 1985
96:Ship ordered=26 March 1805
18:
16:British Royal navy frigate
3708:
3611:December (unknown date):
3056:
2965:December (unknown date):
2944:November (unknown date):
2527:
1532:
1385:Carey Lea & Blanchard
1218:James & Chamier, 1837
1182:James & Chamier, 1837
738:. Another broadside from
449:, and ferrying troops to
183:
59:
34:
3459:October (unknown date):
3174:January (unknown date):
1043:Winfield (2008), p. 181.
835:In the course of battle
417:and the French frigates
364:, described as a 40-gun
333:1 Ă— 24-pounder carronade
2850:Sir John Borlase Warren
2343:Chesapeake Bay Flotilla
1377:Harris, Thomas (1837).
1356:Naval Historical Center
1333:Stringer & Townsend
1024:James, William (1837).
874:The engagement between
184:General characteristics
179:Burnt on 1 January 1813
3652:April (unknown date):
1449:Winfield, Rif (2008).
1323:Cooper, James Fenimore
805:had hardly begun when
769:
618:, plus two 24-pounder
584:
503:Jacques de Saint-Cricq
426:
285: in (12.2 m)
3753:Ships built in France
3370:July (unknown date):
1408:The Naval War of 1812
910:United Kingdom portal
763:
575:
412:
2532:American Indian Wars
1581:District of Columbia
1362:. pp. 639–772.
974:J. C. Jones' report.
948:Sailing ship tactics
855:faced the customary
706:fired a shot across
321:28 Ă— 18-pounder guns
21:French ship Renommée
3645:Sir Godfrey Webster
3462:Sir Godfrey Webster
1455:Seaforth Publishing
1442:The Riverside Press
1413:G. P. Putnam's Sons
1403:Roosevelt, Theodore
1283:, pp. 270–272.
1127:, pp. 639–772.
1085:, pp. 269–270.
587:Captain Lambert of
489:five days later at
324:2 Ă— 12-pounder guns
41:The capture of HMS
2774:Campbell Macquarie
1866:Rock Island Rapids
1813:Chesconessex Creek
1360:Department of Navy
1295:The Fortune of War
885:The Fortune of War
770:
635:William Bainbridge
585:
527:Royal Navy service
479:Battle of Tamatave
431:François Roquebert
427:
425:, 13 December 1809
380:single-ship action
376:Battle of Tamatave
3730:
3729:
3078:
3077:
2626:
2625:
2523:
2522:
2248:
2247:
2212:
2211:
2164:Queenston Heights
2144:Frenchman's Creek
2101:2nd Lacolle Mills
2096:1st Lacolle Mills
2061:
2060:
1831:
1830:
1524:Conflicts of the
1464:978-1-861-76246-7
1394:978-0-795-00485-8
1369:978-1-780-39364-3
795:Henry Ducie Chads
652:. On 26 December
637:, accompanied by
477:. In the ensuing
339:
338:
3790:
3722:
3717:
3701:
3691:
3675:
3658:
3648:
3638:
3617:
3607:
3597:
3587:
3577:Lady of the Lake
3569:
3523:
3472:
3455:
3439:
3428:
3417:
3406:
3395:
3377:
3366:
3350:
3340:
3329:
3319:
3308:
3291:
3280:
3269:
3259:
3249:
3238:
3228:
3217:
3206:
3190:
3180:
3170:
3160:
3150:
3139:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3082:
3070:
3065:
3049:
3031:
3021:
3010:
2989:
2979:
2961:
2950:
2940:
2929:
2911:
2900:
2884:
2874:
2863:
2853:
2843:
2825:
2809:
2798:
2788:
2777:
2767:
2751:
2741:
2731:
2713:
2703:
2692:
2681:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2630:
2615:
2604:
2603:
2593:
2582:
2581:
2571:
2560:
2259:
2228:
2221:
2079:
2072:
2071:
1871:Prairie du Chien
1849:
1844:U.S. territories
1842:
1841:
1559:
1552:
1551:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1468:
1445:
1426:
1398:
1383:. Philadelphia:
1373:
1344:
1309:
1308:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1101:
1095:
1086:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1044:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1021:
1015:
1009:
992:
988:
981:
975:
964:
912:
907:
906:
905:
788:
777:
748:
712:
509:into service as
327:18 Ă— 32-pounder
302:Full-rigged ship
284:
283:
279:
276:
262:
261:
257:
254:
248:
247:
243:
240:
222:
221:
220:
216:
171:29 December 1812
136:
131:
130:
129:
74:
71:
70:
69:
39:
32:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3704:
3694:
3678:
3661:
3651:
3641:
3631:
3625:Other incidents
3620:
3610:
3600:
3590:
3572:
3526:
3475:
3458:
3452:Queen Charlotte
3442:
3431:
3420:
3409:
3398:
3380:
3369:
3353:
3343:
3332:
3322:
3311:
3294:
3288:Sir Isaac Brock
3283:
3272:
3266:Lord Wellington
3262:
3252:
3246:Sir Isaac Brock
3241:
3231:
3220:
3209:
3193:
3183:
3173:
3163:
3153:
3142:
3125:
3114:
3109:
3079:
3074:
3052:
3034:
3028:Duchess of York
3024:
3013:
3007:Queen Charlotte
3003:
2997:Other incidents
2992:
2982:
2964:
2953:
2943:
2932:
2914:
2903:
2887:
2877:
2866:
2856:
2846:
2828:
2812:
2801:
2791:
2780:
2770:
2754:
2744:
2734:
2716:
2706:
2695:
2684:
2673:
2662:
2657:
2627:
2622:
2546:
2540:Napoleonic Wars
2519:
2486:
2468:
2464:Sacket's Harbor
2430:
2412:
2244:
2208:
2159:Malcolm's Mills
2105:
2066:
2057:
2034:
1956:
1937:Mackinac Island
1913:
1875:
1836:
1827:
1789:
1761:
1743:
1739:Sacket's Harbor
1709:Big Sandy Creek
1695:
1677:
1634:
1611:
1593:
1575:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1528:
1522:
1484:
1482:
1478:Naval Chronicle
1471:
1465:
1448:
1429:
1423:
1415:. p. 541.
1401:
1395:
1387:. p. 254.
1376:
1370:
1347:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1245:Roosevelt, 1883
1243:
1239:
1231:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1206:Roosevelt, 1883
1204:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1180:
1176:
1170:Roosevelt, 1883
1168:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1149:Roosevelt, 1883
1147:
1143:
1137:Roosevelt, 1883
1135:
1131:
1123:
1119:
1111:
1104:
1096:
1089:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1047:
1042:
1035:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1010:
1006:
1001:
996:
995:
986:
982:
978:
965:
961:
956:
908:
903:
901:
898:
890:Patrick O'Brian
872:
824:In the battle,
786:
775:
746:
710:
644:, commanded by
570:
565:Capture by USS
529:
501:, commanded by
407:
281:
277:
274:
272:
259:
255:
252:
250:
245:
241:
238:
236:
218:
214:
213:
212:
132:
127:
125:
72:
67:
65:
55:
53:Nicholas Pocock
50:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3796:
3794:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3773:Captured ships
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3692:
3676:
3659:
3649:
3639:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3608:
3598:
3588:
3570:
3524:
3473:
3456:
3446:Charming Kitty
3440:
3429:
3418:
3407:
3396:
3378:
3367:
3351:
3341:
3330:
3320:
3309:
3292:
3281:
3270:
3260:
3250:
3239:
3229:
3218:
3207:
3191:
3181:
3171:
3161:
3151:
3140:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3085:
3076:
3075:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3032:
3022:
3011:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:Duc de Dantzig
2983:Unknown date:
2980:
2962:
2951:
2941:
2930:
2912:
2901:
2885:
2875:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2826:
2810:
2799:
2789:
2778:
2768:
2752:
2742:
2732:
2714:
2704:
2693:
2682:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2633:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2609:
2598:
2587:
2576:
2565:
2553:
2552:
2544:Tecumseh's War
2528:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2505:Charles Island
2502:
2496:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2398:
2386:
2378:
2370:
2365:
2357:
2345:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2276:
2267:
2265:
2263:Atlantic Ocean
2256:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2225:
2223:Spanish Empire
2214:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2134:Crysler's Farm
2131:
2126:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2076:
2074:British Empire
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
2000:Horseshoe Bend
1997:
1992:
1987:
1985:Callabee Creek
1982:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:Wild Cat Creek
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1846:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1823:Farnham Church
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1771:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1749:North Carolina
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1648:Havre de Grace
1644:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1585:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1567:
1565:
1556:
1543:
1542:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1469:
1463:
1446:
1444:. p. 263.
1427:
1421:
1399:
1393:
1374:
1368:
1345:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1285:
1273:
1261:
1249:
1237:
1222:
1210:
1198:
1186:
1174:
1162:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1117:
1115:, p. 270.
1102:
1087:
1075:
1073:Marquardt 2005
1066:
1057:
1045:
1033:
1016:
1003:
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
976:
958:
957:
955:
952:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
914:
913:
897:
894:
871:
868:
646:James Lawrence
569:
563:
528:
525:
406:
405:French service
403:
347:was a British
337:
336:
335:
334:
331:
325:
322:
317:
313:
312:
309:
305:
304:
299:
295:
294:
291:
287:
286:
269:
265:
264:
233:
229:
228:
209:
205:
204:
190:
189:Class and type
186:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
169:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
142:
138:
137:
134:United Kingdom
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
112:20 August 1808
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
62:
61:
57:
56:
40:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3795:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3700:
3699:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3667:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3616:
3615:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3513:Princess Mary
3509:
3508:
3503:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3358:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3106:
3101:
3099:
3094:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3073:
3069:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3048:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2608:
2599:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2526:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2492:Pacific Ocean
2489:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2418:Caribbean Sea
2415:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2403:United States
2399:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2254:Naval battles
2251:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2189:Elizabethtown
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2048:Credit Island
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Tallushatchee
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1808:Craney Island
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:Caulk's Field
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1554:United States
1550:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1422:0-945-72658-9
1418:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1306:
1304:9780393541632
1300:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1005:
998:
989:
980:
977:
973:
972:naval surgeon
969:
963:
960:
953:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
915:
911:
900:
895:
893:
891:
887:
886:
881:
877:
869:
867:
865:
864:
858:
857:court martial
854:
848:
846:
842:
838:
833:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
785:
781:
774:
767:
762:
758:
756:
752:
745:
742:carried away
741:
737:
733:
730:
726:
722:
718:
716:
709:
705:
701:
697:
694:
690:
689:weather gauge
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
664:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:
636:
632:
628:
623:
621:
617:
613:
612:heavy frigate
609:
608:
602:
598:
594:
590:
583:
579:
574:
568:
564:
562:
560:
559:
554:
553:
548:
547:Thomas Hislop
544:
540:
538:
537:Henry Lambert
534:
526:
524:
522:
521:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:
470:
469:
464:
463:
458:
457:
452:
448:
447:
442:
441:
436:
433:, comprising
432:
424:
420:
416:
411:
404:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:
381:
377:
373:
370:
368:
363:
362:
357:
354:
350:
346:
345:
332:
330:
326:
323:
320:
319:
318:
315:
314:
310:
307:
306:
303:
300:
297:
296:
292:
290:Depth of hold
289:
288:
270:
267:
266:
234:
231:
230:
226:
210:
207:
206:
203:
200:
197:
195:
191:
188:
187:
182:
178:
175:
174:
170:
167:
166:
162:
159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
147:
143:
140:
139:
135:
123:
119:
116:
115:
111:
108:
107:
103:
100:
99:
95:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
63:
58:
54:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
26:
22:
3698:Blenden Hall
3697:
3682:
3670:
3666:General Pike
3665:
3654:
3644:
3634:
3613:
3603:
3594:John O'Gaunt
3593:
3583:
3576:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3519:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3468:
3461:
3451:
3445:
3435:
3424:
3413:
3402:
3391:
3384:
3373:
3362:
3356:
3346:
3336:
3326:Young Teazer
3325:
3315:
3305:General Pike
3304:
3296:
3287:
3276:
3265:
3255:
3245:
3234:
3224:
3213:
3197:
3186:
3177:William Dent
3176:
3166:
3156:
3146:
3135:
3133:
3128:
3045:
3043:
3039:Constitution
3038:
3026:
3017:
3006:
2985:
2975:
2968:
2957:
2946:
2936:
2925:
2918:
2907:
2896:
2891:
2880:
2870:
2859:
2849:
2839:
2832:
2816:
2805:
2794:
2784:
2773:
2763:
2757:
2747:
2737:
2727:
2720:
2709:
2699:
2688:
2677:
2618:news stories
2596:source texts
2500:James Island
2459:Lake Ontario
2406:
2402:
2394:
2391:Constitution
2390:
2382:
2374:
2361:
2353:
2350:Constitution
2349:
2347:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2169:Stoney Creek
2154:Lundy's Lane
2129:Cook's Mills
2111:Upper Canada
2083:Lower Canada
1889:Mississinewa
1803:Rappahannock
1653:St. Michaels
1483:. Retrieved
1476:
1450:
1432:
1411:. New York:
1407:
1379:
1350:
1331:. New York:
1327:
1316:Bibliography
1294:
1288:
1276:
1269:Harris, 1837
1264:
1257:Hollis, 1900
1252:
1240:
1233:Harris, 1837
1213:
1201:
1196:Toll, p. 379
1177:
1165:
1160:Toll, p. 377
1156:
1144:
1132:
1120:
1098:Harris, 1837
1078:
1069:
1060:
1055:Toll, p. 376
1026:
1019:
1012:Hollis, 1900
1007:
985:Constitution
984:
983:Accounts of
979:
968:Constitution
967:
962:
883:
880:Constitution
879:
875:
873:
862:
852:
849:
844:
841:Constitution
840:
836:
834:
830:Constitution
829:
825:
823:
819:Constitution
818:
814:
810:
807:Constitution
806:
802:
799:Constitution
798:
791:Constitution
790:
783:
779:
773:Constitution
772:
771:
765:
755:Constitution
754:
750:
744:Constitution
743:
739:
735:
732:Constitution
731:
725:Constitution
724:
720:
719:
714:
707:
704:Constitution
703:
700:Constitution
699:
696:Constitution
695:
684:
681:Constitution
680:
676:
672:
669:Constitution
668:
667:
663:Constitution
662:
658:Constitution
657:
653:
650:St. Salvador
640:
631:Constitution
630:
624:
607:Constitution
606:
600:
592:
588:
586:
581:
578:Constitution
577:
567:Constitution
566:
557:
551:
542:
541:
532:
530:
519:
514:
510:
506:
498:
486:
482:
473:
467:
461:
455:
444:
439:
434:
428:
422:
418:
414:
399:Constitution
398:
390:
386:Constitution
385:
366:
360:
359:
343:
341:
340:
235:152 ft
208:Tons burthen
193:
145:
104:October 1805
82:
47:Constitution
46:
42:
29:
3566:San Domingo
3520:San Domingo
2919:Southampton
2840:Southampton
2482:Lake Borgne
2436:Great Lakes
2119:Beaver Dams
2091:Chateauguay
2030:Sinquefield
2020:Fort Bowyer
1995:Holy Ground
1990:Canoe Fight
1962:Mississippi
1724:Plattsburgh
1668:North Point
1658:Bladensburg
1625:New Orleans
1526:War of 1812
1281:Cooper 1856
1271:pp. 145–150
1259:pp. 177–185
1172:pp. 120–123
1151:pp. 120–122
1113:Cooper 1856
1083:Cooper 1856
1014:pp. 136–137
713:s bow with
702:. In reply
687:, with the
620:bow chasers
558:Trincomalee
372:French Navy
271:39 ft
155:20 May 1811
120:20 May 1811
3768:1808 ships
3737:Categories
3683:Chesapeake
3614:Antoinetta
3347:Caledonian
3119:Shipwrecks
2795:Abercromby
2758:Andromaque
2667:Shipwrecks
2563:definition
2530:See also:
2515:Valparaiso
2474:Gulf Coast
2454:Lake Huron
2407:Macedonian
2329:Chesapeake
2194:Port Dover
1980:Burnt Corn
1932:Frenchtown
1927:Brownstown
1894:Tippecanoe
1818:Alexandria
1775:Stephenson
1734:Black Rock
1719:Ogdensburg
1630:St. Philip
1589:Washington
999:References
870:In fiction
627:Cape Verde
616:carronades
597:Portsmouth
552:Cornwallis
520:Madagascar
495:Madagascar
395:complement
353:fifth-rate
349:Royal Navy
329:carronades
308:Complement
199:fifth-rate
160:In service
3681:USS
3664:USS
3582:USS
3575:USS
3564:HMS
3557:HMS
3550:HMS
3543:HMS
3536:HMS
3529:HMS
3518:HMS
3499:HMS
3492:HMS
3485:HMS
3478:HMS
3467:HMS
3434:HMS
3423:HMS
3412:HMS
3401:HMS
3390:USS
3383:USS
3372:HMS
3314:HMS
3303:USS
3286:HMS
3275:HMS
3244:HMS
3223:USS
3212:HMS
3196:HMS
3145:HMS
3134:HMS
3129:Euphrates
3044:HMS
3037:USS
3016:HMS
3004:3–4 Dec:
2974:HMS
2967:HMS
2956:HMS
2935:HMS
2924:USS
2917:HMS
2906:HMS
2890:HMS
2881:Mangalore
2869:HMS
2838:HMS
2831:HMS
2817:Guerriere
2815:HMS
2804:HMS
2726:HMS
2719:HMS
2700:Conqueror
2698:HMS
2687:HMS
2574:textbooks
2536:Creek War
2510:Nuku Hiva
2444:Lake Erie
2426:La Guaira
2395:Guerriere
2337:President
2240:Pensacola
2199:Gananoque
2149:Longwoods
2053:Sink Hole
2005:Talladega
1673:Baltimore
1617:Louisiana
1341:197401914
863:Gladiator
861:HMS
639:USS
605:USS
474:Racehorse
451:Mauritius
384:USS
298:Sail plan
101:Laid down
51:drawn by
3662:29 May:
3642:26 Apr:
3635:Aréthuse
3601:20 Dec:
3552:La Hogue
3538:Epervier
3527:13 Nov:
3501:La Hogue
3487:Epervier
3476:12 Nov:
3443:20 Oct:
3432:27 Sep:
3425:Woolwich
3421:11 Sep:
3399:23 Aug:
3385:Hamilton
3354:23 Jul:
3337:Daedalus
3323:27 Jun:
3312:26 Jun:
3295:28 May:
3284:27 May:
3277:Algerine
3273:20 May:
3263:16 May:
3253:11 May:
3242:27 Apr:
3225:Gallatin
3210:22 Mar:
3194:28 Feb:
3164:27 Jan:
3154:17 Jan:
3035:29 Dec:
3025:19 Dec:
3014:13 Dec:
2969:Pembroke
2954:18 Dec:
2933:30 Nov:
2915:27 Nov:
2904:24 Nov:
2888:14 Oct:
2878:10 Oct:
2829:20 Aug:
2813:19 Aug:
2792:29 Jul:
2771:10 Jun:
2755:22 May:
2745:10 May:
2685:28 Jan:
2678:Carlotta
2674:26 Jan:
2550:Category
2383:Reindeer
2313:Dominica
2289:Epervier
2204:2nd Erie
2184:1st Erie
2124:Chippawa
2040:Missouri
1975:Autossee
1952:Mackinac
1919:Michigan
1904:Harrison
1861:Dearborn
1853:Illinois
1795:Virginia
1757:Ocracoke
1701:New York
1640:Maryland
1563:Delaware
1405:(1883).
1325:(1856).
896:See also
580:and HMS
531:In July
507:Renommée
499:Clorinde
491:Tamatave
483:Renommée
440:Clorinde
435:Renommée
423:Clorinde
419:Renommée
382:against
361:Renommée
316:Armament
168:Captured
163:May 1811
152:Acquired
117:Captured
109:Launched
83:Renommée
25:HMS Java
3695:5 Dec:
3688:capture
3679:1 Jun:
3632:5 Feb:
3591:5 Dec:
3584:Madison
3573:2 Dec:
3545:Fantome
3507:Paragon
3494:Fantome
3469:Vautour
3410:9 Sep:
3403:Colibri
3392:Scourge
3381:8 Aug:
3374:Herring
3344:5 Jul:
3333:2 Jul:
3316:Persian
3232:8 Apr:
3221:1 Apr:
3214:Captain
3203:sinking
3198:Peacock
3184:6 Feb:
3143:7 Jan:
3126:1 Jan:
2976:Plumper
2908:Belette
2897:Harriet
2857:4 Sep:
2847:2 Sep:
2822:sinking
2806:Emulous
2802:2 Aug:
2785:Najaden
2781:2 Jul:
2738:Apelles
2735:4 May:
2728:Skylark
2721:Apelles
2717:2 May:
2707:7 Mar:
2696:2 Feb:
2689:Manilla
2405:vs HMS
2393:vs HMS
2375:Peacock
2352:vs HMS
2305:Penguin
2232:Florida
1947:Detroit
1942:Maguaga
1881:Indiana
1729:Niagara
1714:Buffalo
1691:Hampden
1599:Georgia
1235:p. 146.
859:aboard
515:Néréide
487:Néréide
468:Galatea
456:Astraea
446:Néréide
356:frigate
351:38-gun
280:⁄
258:⁄
244:⁄
217:⁄
202:frigate
89:Builder
60:History
45:by USS
3604:Tartar
3414:Alphea
3363:Teazer
3357:Bootle
3256:Holkar
3167:Daring
3157:Teazer
3147:Ferret
2937:Subtle
2871:Magnet
2833:Brazen
2764:Ariane
2710:Medway
2616:
2605:
2594:
2585:quotes
2583:
2572:
2561:
2542:, and
2449:Oswego
2297:Frolic
2174:Thames
2139:George
1485:26 May
1461:
1419:
1391:
1366:
1339:
1301:
1247:p. 123
1220:p. 128
1208:p. 122
1184:p. 129
1139:p. 120
1100:p. 148
654:Hornet
641:Hornet
629:, USS
471:, and
462:Phoebe
393:had a
369:-class
367:Pallas
232:Length
196:-class
194:Pallas
94:Nantes
73:France
3559:Manly
3531:Canso
3480:Canso
3235:Unity
3187:Rubis
3018:Crane
2958:Alban
2926:Vixen
2860:Danaé
2783:HDMS
2748:Irlam
2607:media
2368:Fayal
2321:Argus
2281:Cyane
2273:Boxer
1970:Bashi
1909:Wayne
1785:Meigs
1780:Copus
1683:Maine
1607:Peter
1571:Lewes
991:died.
987:'
954:Notes
787:'
776:'
747:'
711:'
415:Junon
211:1073
3724:1814
3711:1812
3672:York
3655:Dart
3436:Bold
3335:HMS
3298:York
3136:Java
3072:1813
3059:1811
3046:Java
2947:Neva
2892:Chub
2676:HMS
2401:USS
2389:USS
2381:HMS
2373:HMS
2362:Avon
2360:HMS
2354:Java
2348:USS
2335:USS
2327:USS
2319:USS
2311:HMS
2303:HMS
2295:HMS
2287:HMS
2279:HMS
2271:HMS
2179:York
2025:Mims
1767:Ohio
1487:2022
1459:ISBN
1417:ISBN
1389:ISBN
1364:ISBN
1337:OCLC
1299:ISBN
878:and
876:Java
853:Java
845:Java
837:Java
826:Java
815:Java
811:Java
803:Java
784:Java
780:Java
766:Java
764:HMS
751:Java
740:Java
736:Java
729:wore
721:Java
715:Java
708:Java
693:rake
685:Java
677:Java
673:Java
601:Java
593:Java
589:Java
582:Java
543:Java
533:Java
513:and
511:Java
443:and
421:and
391:Java
344:Java
342:HMS
268:Beam
176:Fate
146:Java
144:HMS
141:Name
79:Name
43:Java
23:and
2820:, (
888:by
517:as
311:397
3739::
3669:,
3580:,
3562:,
3555:,
3548:,
3541:,
3534:,
3516:,
3510:,
3504:,
3497:,
3490:,
3483:,
3465:,
3449:,
3388:,
3360:,
3301:,
3132:,
3042:,
2972:,
2922:,
2836:,
2761:,
2724:,
2538:,
2534:,
1475:.
1457:.
1453:.
1440:,
1358:,
1335:.
1225:^
1189:^
1105:^
1090:^
1048:^
1036:^
817:.
622:.
523:.
497:.
493:,
481:,
465:,
459:,
437:,
389:.
273:11
225:bm
219:94
215:41
3690:)
3686:(
3205:)
3201:(
3104:e
3097:t
3090:v
2824:)
2652:e
2645:t
2638:v
1517:e
1510:t
1503:v
1489:.
1467:.
1425:.
1397:.
1372:.
1343:.
1307:.
282:8
278:3
275:+
260:2
256:1
253:+
251:5
246:2
242:1
239:+
237:5
227:)
223:(
49:,
27:.
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