45:
856:"The employer shall have a duty to ensure the safety and health of workers in every aspect related to the work." but that "This Directive shall not restrict the option of Member States to provide for the exclusion or the limitation of employers' responsibility where occurrences are due to unusual and unforeseeable circumstances, beyond the employers' control, or to exceptional events, the consequences of which could not have been avoided despite the exercise of all due care."
529:"prescribed description" (as defined by regulation 2 of The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (General Duties of Self-Employed Persons) (Prescribed Undertakings) Regulations 2015). The prescribed undertakings are agricultural activity; asbestos; construction; gas; genetically modified organisms; railways; or any other activity which may pose a risk to the health and safety of a person other than the self-employed person or their employees.
5985:
4960:
6014:
1147:. As of 2008, 410 such bodies have responsibility in 1.1 million workplaces. From 1 April 2006 the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) became the enforcing authority for the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and laws made under it, for all health and safety matters relating to the operation of a railway (or tramway).
1231:
require any person whom he has reasonable cause to believe to be able to give any information relevant to any examination or investigation to answer (in the absence of persons other than a person nominated by him to be present and any persons whom the inspector may allow to be present) such questions
959:
The commission further had to keep the
Secretary of State informed of its plans and ensure alignment with the policies of the Secretary of State, giving effect to any directions given to it (section 11(3)). The Secretary of State could give directions to the Commission (section 12). On 1 April 2006,
668:
Take such steps as are necessary to secure that persons supplied with the substance are provided with adequate information about any risks to health or safety to which the inherent properties of the substance may give rise, about the results of any relevant tests which have been carried out on or in
512:
may appoint safety representatives and demand safety committees. The representatives have a right to be consulted on safety issues (sections 2(4), (6) and (7)). Since 1996 employers have had a duty to consult all employees on safety matters. No employer may charge an employee for provision of health
1643:
Between 1974 and 2007, the number of fatal injuries to employees fell by 73 per cent; the number of reported non-fatal injuries fell by 70 per cent. Between 1974 and 2007, the rate of injuries per 100,000 employees fell by a huge 76 per cent, and
Britain had the lowest rate of fatal injuries in the
1371:
An appeal against a
Prohibition Notice, unlike an appeal against an Improvement Notice (see above) does not suspend the Prohibition Notice. However, the appellant may make an application for a direction that the Prohibition Notice is suspended whilst the appeal proceedings are ongoing (see section
62:
An Act to make further provision for securing the health, safety and welfare of persons at work, for protecting others against risks to health or safety in connection with the activities of persons at work, for controlling the keeping and use and preventing the unlawful acquisition, possession and
1021:
Because individual litigation is unlikely, given that employees may find the regulations complex, the Health and Safety
Executive enforces the Act. However, the HSE may also delegate its functions to local government under section 18, which allows for a more decentralised and targeted approach to
604:
Take such steps as are necessary to secure that persons supplied with the article are provided with adequate information about the use for which the article is designed, or has been tested, and about any conditions necessary to ensure that it will be safe and without risks to health at all times,
780:
is a narrower term than 'physically possible' and seems to me to imply that a computation must be made by the owner in which the quantum of risk is placed on one scale and the sacrifice involved in the measures necessary for averting the risk (whether in money, time or trouble) is placed in the
528:
Section 3(2) requires that some self-employed persons conduct their undertaking in a way which does not expose non-employees - or themselves - to risks to their health and safety, so far as is reasonably practicable. This duty applies only to self-employed persons who conduct undertakings of a
4679:
63:
use of dangerous substances, and for controlling certain emissions into the atmosphere; to make further provision with respect to the employment medical advisory service; to amend the law relating to building regulations, and the
Building (Scotland) Act 1959; and for connected purposes.
491:
So far as is reasonably practicable as regards any place of work under the employer's control, the maintenance of it in a condition that is safe and without risks to health and the provision and maintenance of means of access to and egress from it that are safe and without such
1246:
require any person to afford him such facilities and assistance with respect to any matters or things within that person's control or in relation to which that person has responsibilities as are necessary to enable the inspector to exercise any of the powers conferred on
629:
and installers have responsibilities to ensure, as far as reasonably practicable, that an article is so erected and installed that it will be safe and without risks to health at all times when it is being set, used, cleaned or maintained by a person at work (s.6(3)).
681:
Similar to the regulations concerning articles used at work, a person may also rely on testing or written undertaking by another person to ensure the safety of substances used at work. The duty to identify and eliminate risks of substances rests with manufacturers.
500:
Section 3(1) imposes a duty on employers to conduct their undertaking so as to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the safety of persons other than employees. This could include, for example, contractors, visitors, the general public and clients.
676:
Take such steps as are necessary to secure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that persons are provided with all such revisions of information as are necessary by reason of its becoming known that anything gives rise to a serious risk to health or
612:
Take such steps as are necessary to secure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that persons are provided with all such revisions of information as are necessary by reason of its becoming known that anything gives rise to a serious risk to health or
933:
Before its merger with the HSE, the commission consisted of a chairman and between six and nine other people, appointed by the appropriate
Secretary of State, after consultation (section 10(2)-(4)). The commission's duties were to (section 11(2)):
1209:
cause an article or substance which appears to be a danger to health or safety, to be dismantled or subjected to any process or test, but not so as to damage or destroy it unless this is in the circumstances necessary to enforce the
1521:(section 51A). The Secretary of State may, "to the extent that it appears to him requisite or expedient to do so in the interests of the safety of the State or the safe custody of persons lawfully detained" exempt the Crown by
5655:
5590:
702:, and only to matters within their control (s.6(7)). Persons who import into the UK are not relieved of liability for activities such as design and manufacture that took place outside the UK and over which they had control.
549:
accommodation, and also maintenance contractors, towards people who use those premises for work. Those premises, and the means of entry and exit, must be, as far as reasonably practicable, safe and without risks to health.
2972:
589:
Ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the article is so designed and constructed that it will be safe and without risks to health at all times when it is being set, used, cleaned or maintained by a person at
1282:
If an inspector is of the opinion that a person is currently contravening the Act; or has contravened the Act in the past in circumstances that make it likely that the contravention will continue or be repeated he may
495:
Provision and maintenance of a working environment for his employees that is, so far as is reasonably practicable, safe, without risks to health, and adequate as regards facilities and arrangements for their welfare at
1183:
direct that the premises, or any part of them, or anything therein, shall be left undisturbed, whether generally or in particular respects, for so long as is reasonably necessary for the purpose of any examination or
1008:
The
Secretary of State has broad powers to make health and safety regulations (section 15). Breach of regulations can lead to criminal prosecution under section 33. Further, the Health and Safety Executive can issue
653:
Ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the substance will be safe and without risks to health at all times when it is being used, handled, processed, stored or transported by a person at work or in work
230:
which has, in the years since 1974, generated an extensive system of specific provisions for various industries, disciplines and risks. It established a system of public supervision through the creation of the
952:, employers, employees, their respective representative organisations, and other persons are provided with an information and advisory service and are kept informed of, and adequately advised on, such matters;
5277:
762:
in every case, it is the risk that has to be weighed against the measures necessary to eliminate the risk. The greater the risk, no doubt, the less will be the weight to be given to the factor of cost.
222:, suppliers of goods and substances for use at work, persons in control of work premises, and those who manage and maintain them, and persons in general. The act enables a broad regime of regulation by
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
4635:
4630:
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4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
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4565:
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4555:
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4515:
4507:
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4497:
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4477:
4472:
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4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
73:
986:(Schedule 2). Before the 2008 merger, the executive had to carry out all functions delegated to it, or otherwise directed by, the commission and provide the Secretary of State with information and
813:
case against the accused. Only if the prosecution succeed in this does the defendant have the burden of proving that the alternative was not practicable or reasonably practicable, but only on the
352:
are all statutory instruments that lay down detailed requirements. It was also the intention of the act to rationalise the existing complex and confused system of legislation (section 1(2)).
329:
485:
Arrangements for ensuring, so far as is reasonably practicable, safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances;
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
1474:
in respect of sections 2 to 8 and there is liability for breach of health and safety regulations except to the extent that any regulations provide otherwise (section 47, as amended by the
872:
Section 6(10) was added by the
Consumer Protection Act 1987 disapplies duties as to articles and substances used at work where a risk "is shown to be one the occurrence of which could not
845:
expressed the opinion that this is still compliant with the ECHR as it "strikes a fair balance between the fundamental right of the individual and the general interests of the community".
3491:
3486:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2582:
2577:
2572:
781:
other, and that, if it be shown that there is a gross disproportion between them – the risk being insignificant in relation to the sacrifice – the defendants discharge the onus on them.
5155:
1022:
regulation. Any enforcing authority may appoint inspectors with a written document stating their powers. This is as evidence of their authority (section 19). Enforcing authorities may
341:
488:
Provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety at work of his employees;
6005:
5613:
990:
advice (section 11(5)). The executive is responsible for enforcement of the act and regulations made under it though the
Secretary of State may transfer some of the duties to
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2966:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
1003:
1644:
European Union in 2003, which is the most recent year for which figures are available. The EU average was 2.5 fatalities per 100,000 workers; the figure in the UK was 1.1.
5799:
5584:
4767:
263:
4732:
3481:
6045:
6000:
5634:
5596:
1585:
6040:
5644:
5540:
320:
The act lays down general principles for the management of health and safety at work, enabling the creation of specific requirements through regulations enacted as
5905:
4804:
669:
connection with the substance, and about any conditions necessary to ensure that the substance will be safe and without risks to health and when the substance is
5608:
5558:
4760:
1581:
1386:
Section 33(1) creates 15 criminal offences including breach of a duty under the Act or a regulation, contravention of a notice, or obstructing an inspector. In
1381:
1013:(section 16). Though breach of a code of practice is not in itself a criminal offence it may be evidential towards a criminal breach under the Act (section 17)
309:
5148:
4707:
1431:
of an offence under the Act then they too are guilty of an offence, even if the other person was not prosecuted or could not be prosecuted because they were
1789:
of 25 July 1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the member states concerning liability for defective products
6055:
4818:
1159:
enter any premises which he has reason to believe it is necessary for him to enter so enforce the Act, at any reasonable time, or in a dangerous situation;
968:
or other investigation into any accident (section 14). However, as of 1 April 2008, all its powers and responsibilities were transferred to the
Executive.
4743:
3173:
2252:
2170:
2124:
1553:
2043:
1798:
Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations 1977, SI 1977/500 as amended by the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992,
4748:
1475:
1411:
282:
964:. The Commission could delegate any of its functions to, or otherwise direct, the Executive (section 11(4)) and could direct the Executive to hold a
2511:
983:
742:
interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health, safety or welfare in pursuance of any of the relevant statutory provisions."
893:
5989:
5778:
5141:
795:
arises from a breach of duty and the accused's defence is that it would not have been practicable or reasonably practicable to act otherwise, the
371:
on health and safety at work. Further important changes to section 6, duties in respect of articles and substances used at work, were made by the
305:
6018:
726:
Take reasonable care for the health and safety of him/herself and of other persons who may be affected by his/her acts or omissions at work; and
5965:
5824:
5237:
68:
337:
4881:
4848:
1906:
1514:
838:
5945:
4994:
4755:
1407:
1061:
755:
294:
5227:
1538:
818:
729:
Co-operate with employers or other persons so far as is necessary to enable them to perform their duties or requirements under the Act.
5895:
4904:
4702:
3501:
2465:
1328:
If an inspector is of the opinion that activities are being carried on, or are likely to be carried on, involving the risk of serious
467:
274:
1364:
The notice may start immediately or at the end of a specified period (section 22(4). Appeal against a notice is within 21 days to an
5818:
5808:
5563:
5045:
4909:
2445:
2431:
2410:
2026:
1996:
1580:(in part) (section 84). Its provisions were re-enacted for Northern Ireland in 1978 with enforcement made the responsibility of the
438:
349:
302:
145:
84:
2323:
860:
The commission argued that the "reasonably practicable" defence was much broader than allowed under the directive but in 2007 the
982:
The executive consists of a chairman and between 7 and 11 other people, all appointed by the Secretary of State, as of 2008, the
842:
196:
49:
1876:"Principles and guidelines to assist HSE in its judgements that duty-holders have reduced risk as low as reasonably practicable"
2479:
1391:
199:
that as of 2011 defines the fundamental structure and authority for the encouragement, regulation and enforcement of workplace
1549:
enabling the Secretary of State to amend certain provisions of the Act by Statutory Instrument rather than Act of Parliament.
5995:
5860:
5515:
5164:
4979:
4727:
2382:
1678:
Groser, John (23 March 1974). "New commission to have watching brief over health, welfare and safety of all people at work".
1529:
was repealed to allow military personnel to sue the Ministry of Defence and bring the Armed Services into line with the Act.
1082:
200:
5252:
1262:, answers given to questions that the inspector required a person to answer cannot be used as evidence against him, nor his
5731:
5484:
4989:
4831:
617:
A person may rely on testing done by others so long as it is reasonable for him to do so (s.6(6)). A person may rely on a
1518:
5773:
5706:
5459:
5247:
4785:
2504:
1850:
1636:
1271:
928:
904:
634:
372:
232:
1241:
any other books or documents which it is necessary for him to see for the purposes of any examination or investigation;
5910:
5602:
5510:
5474:
5312:
5004:
2457:
RC Simpson, 'Safety and Health at Work: Report of the Robens Committee 1970-72' (1973) 36(2) Modern Law Review 192-198
1783:
1180:
make such examination and investigation as may in any circumstances be necessary for the purpose of enforcing the Act;
991:
977:
908:
376:
236:
1774:
of 12 June 1989 on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work
1320:
An appeal against an Improvement Notice has the effect of suspending the Improvement Notice (see section 24(3)(a)).
1301:
requiring the person to remedy the contravention within a period, ending not earlier than the period within which an
841:
extended the sentences available for these offences to include imprisonment for two years. Before it was passed, the
1739:
Hamilton, Alan (20 July 1972). "Robens report urges tighter factory safety laws and new authority to enforce them".
649:
Section 6(4) defines the duty of any person who manufactures, imports or supplies any substance for use at work to:
5970:
5875:
5649:
5352:
4974:
2587:
1526:
1403:
919:(ss.11(6), 13). On 1 April 2008, the two bodies merged, the aggregate taking the name Health and Safety Executive.
621:
undertaking by another person to ensure the safety of an item (s.6(8)) Designers and manufacturers must carry out
364:
174:
5568:
5479:
5464:
5322:
5297:
5020:
4984:
4949:
4874:
4826:
2520:
1034:
belief that he was within his powers (section 26). Local government bodies who may be enforcing authorities are:
861:
360:
321:
252:
227:
2473:
Thirty years on and looking forward: The development and future of the health and safety system in Great Britain
1454:
Where a person is convicted under the act, the court can order that he remedy the state of affairs or can order
5885:
5865:
5758:
5372:
5075:
3189:
2534:
2218:
2196:
1471:
1298:
specifying the relevant provisions of the Act, giving particulars of the reasons why he is of that opinion; and
1238:
any books or documents which by virtue of any of the relevant statutory provisions are required to be kept; and
1111:
Local government bodies can be enforcing authorities in respect of several workplaces and activities including
881:
822:
814:
278:
5960:
5382:
5347:
2260:
2174:
2128:
273:
soon generated a belief that it did not address fundamental issues of workplace safety. In the same year, the
2294:
2047:
1936:
562:
Plant (that is, machinery) designed for use or operation, whether exclusively or not, by persons at work, and
5930:
5716:
5025:
2497:
915:(section 10 and Schedule 2). The bodies had wide powers to further their objectives by all means other than
804:
538:
312:
and the bill was again lost. The new Labour administration finally secured the passage of a bill that year.
290:
938:
assist and encourage persons concerned with matters relevant to the operation of the objectives of the Act;
5525:
5505:
5292:
5262:
4929:
4644:
3048:
1136:
1102:
1054:
192:
1390:
prosecution under the Act could originally only be brought by an inspector or with the permission of the
6050:
5520:
3473:
1960:
1513:— though an employee of the Crown can be criminally liable (s.48(2)). The Act was extended to the
1140:
949:
852:
challenged the defence as noncompliant with Directive 89/391/EEC, which states that (Art.5(1) and (4)):
796:
441:. In general, the other provisions about emissions in the original act have subsequently been repealed.
286:
57:
1786:
1771:
1451:
or a member acting in a managerial capacity, that individual too is guilty of an offence (section 37).
5721:
5696:
5500:
5417:
5267:
5257:
5217:
5172:
5114:
4934:
4919:
4914:
4867:
4670:
4655:
2539:
2239:
2044:"Health and Safety Commission and Health and Safety Executive merge to form a single regulatory body"
1045:
792:
368:
1175:
any equipment or materials required for any purpose for which the power of entry is being exercised;
892:
5855:
5738:
5726:
5691:
5469:
5454:
5447:
5427:
5197:
5179:
4739:
3075:
1365:
1310:
849:
505:
392:
270:
223:
2282:
1694:
Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (Commencement No.1) Order 1974, 1974/1439, art.2(a)/ Sch.1
5890:
5794:
5711:
5530:
5065:
4999:
4650:
1608:
1604:
1440:
1415:
1395:
1360:
directing that the activities shall not be carried on unless the deficiencies have been remedied.
1284:
658:
594:
219:
178:
1346:
where in his opinion any of those matters involves, or will involve a contravention of the Act:
817:. The Court of Appeal held in 2002 that this requirement was compliant with article 6(2) of the
1595:, the provisions outside England, Wales and Scotland. In 1995, the provisions were extended to
5940:
5753:
5432:
5407:
5302:
5287:
4939:
4693:
2959:
2554:
2441:
2427:
2406:
2364:
2068:
2022:
1992:
1902:
1561:
1546:
1542:
1448:
1387:
1258:
to seize imported goods for up to 48 hours (section 25A). In observance of the principle of a
1010:
873:
150:
124:
5681:
5676:
5342:
5282:
5070:
5055:
5040:
4924:
4841:
4796:
4777:
1659:
1592:
1577:
1522:
1455:
1259:
1144:
1027:
830:
751:
711:
517:
325:
417:, and generally preventing the unlawful acquisition, possession and use of such substances.
402:
to health or safety arising out of or in connection with the activities of persons at work;
5955:
5935:
5763:
5442:
5437:
5080:
4944:
4836:
2483:
2351:
2327:
1922:
1819:
1803:
1799:
1467:
1422:
1399:
1329:
1255:
1213:
take possession of such an article and detain it for so long as is necessary in order to:
703:
546:
414:
269:
introduced an Employed Persons (Health and Safety) Bill in 1970 but the debate around the
5392:
1270:(section 20(7)), neither can the inspector require production of a document protected by
1232:
as the inspector thinks fit to ask and to sign a declaration of the truth of his answers;
2363:
Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (Application outside Great Britain) Order 2001,
2350:
Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (Application outside Great Britain) Order 1995,
1875:
1398:
was also authorised on 1 April 1996 (section 38). All offences under the Act are either
1166:
if he has reasonable cause to fear any serious obstruction in the execution of his duty;
5920:
5880:
5768:
5748:
5743:
5362:
5327:
5242:
4666:
2320:
1624:
1502:
is bound by health and safety regulations and by the Act itself save for (section 48):
1489:
1436:
1314:
1223:
1041:
965:
961:
900:
877:
826:
699:
356:
266:
244:
204:
167:
454:
Section 2 states that "It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure, so far as is
6034:
5925:
5686:
5387:
5332:
5050:
2155:
2071:, ss 2, 60, Sch 3 para 3(1)(b)(2); Railways Act 2005 (Commencement No.5) Order 2006,
1654:
1267:
1075:
707:
574:
298:
2476:
1556:
and gave them other powers over buildings control and approval. These sections were
1478:). However, a breach not actionable in itself may be evidential towards a claim for
1295:
stating that he believes that the Act is being contravened or will be in the future;
5840:
5814:
5804:
5397:
5337:
5307:
5090:
5060:
2004:
1596:
1226:
in any prosecution or any proceedings relating to a notice under sections 21 or 22;
1068:
834:
626:
437:
when control of emissions was brought under a uniform scheme of legislation by the
363:
and statutory instruments under the act have been enacted in order to implement EU
248:
114:
87:
4959:
1343:
specifying the matters which in his opinion give, or will give rise, to that risk;
308:
introduced a new bill on 28 January 1974 but Labour were returned to power in the
5133:
2087:
1982:
5850:
5317:
5212:
5207:
5100:
5095:
4890:
2544:
2339:
2307:
2242:, section 120(1)/ Sch 22 para 30(7) (with ss 7(6), 115, 117); SI 1996/186, art 3
2072:
1807:
1616:
1188:
809:
800:
509:
239:, since merged, and bestows extensive enforcement powers, ultimately backed by
5950:
5900:
5870:
5845:
5367:
5357:
5232:
5222:
5202:
5192:
5121:
5085:
4718:
1482:
1479:
1444:
1427:
1219:
ensure that it is not tampered with before his examination of it is completed;
1203:
1192:
1031:
662:
598:
426:
359:(EU) in 1972, much health and safety regulation has needed to comply with the
2154:
Employment Tribunals (Constitution and Rules of Procedure) Regulations 2004,
1754:
Groser, John (29 January 1974). "New laws to ensure greater safety at work".
251:
for up to two years. Further, the act provides a critical interface with the
177:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
5671:
5639:
5377:
5187:
5035:
5030:
1756:
1680:
1499:
1432:
1163:
1124:
1116:
1023:
912:
625:
to identify and eliminate risks, as far as reasonably practicable (s.6(2)).
470:
of plant and systems of work that are, so far as is reasonably practicable,
410:
406:
1235:
require the production of, inspect, and take copies of or of any entry in:
1199:
as he considers necessary for the purpose of examination or investigation;
5915:
5402:
5272:
1600:
1573:
1263:
1196:
1132:
942:
739:
691:
622:
582:
542:
459:
215:
211:
17:
1802:, the Health and Safety (Consultation with Employees) Regulations 1996,
825:. The Court of Appeal noted that the "reverse burden" applied to purely
2377:
1418:
before the Magistrates even though not legally qualified (section 39).
641:
and its use by persons at work and enjoyment by members of the public.
638:
618:
345:
333:
5591:
Istituto nazionale per l'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro
2099:
5701:
2338:
Health and Safety at Work (Amendment) (Northern Ireland) Order 1998,
1612:
1557:
1368:
who may appoint one or more assessors to sit with them (section 24).
1302:
1120:
1112:
987:
578:
570:
479:
471:
434:
2220:
Notice of appeal - Notices - Enforcement Guide (England & Wales)
2198:
Notice of appeal - Notices - Enforcement Guide (England & Wales)
462:" (emphasis added), and in particular that such a duty extends to:
1806:
and the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999,
1128:
695:
670:
606:
508:
and to bring it to the attention of his employees (section 2(2)).
367:. In particular, the act is the principal means of complying with
240:
2489:
1564:
which replaced them by a general scheme of building regulations.
1552:
Sections 61 to 76 originally enabled the HSE to create and amend
1485:. In particular, a criminal conviction may be given in evidence.
1620:
1355:
giving particulars of the reasons why he is of that opinion; and
1172:
any other person duly authorised by the enforcing authority; and
916:
475:
399:
191:(c. 37) (abbreviated to "HSWA 1974", "HASWA" or "HASAWA") is an
5137:
4863:
2493:
2306:
Police (Health and Safety) Act 1997 (Commencement) Order 1998,
4859:
941:
make arrangements for and encourage research and publication,
1537:
Sections 55 to 60 provide for the continued existence of the
1488:
Further information on the 1998 appeal civil court case:
1202:
take samples of any articles or substances found, and of the
891:
722:
Under section 7 all employees have a duty while at work to:
1591:
Section 84(3) allowed the Secretary of State to extend, by
2086:
Health and Safety (Enforcing Authority) Regulations 1998,
1216:
examine it and do to it anything which he has power to do;
565:
Article designed for use as a component in any such plant.
330:
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
2319:
Health and Safety at Work (Northern Ireland) Order 1978,
864:
found for the UK that the defence was in fact compliant.
1439:
with the consent or connivance, or by the neglect, of a
911:, who performed their respective functions on behalf of
458:, the health, safety and welfare at work of all his/her
398:
Protecting persons, other than persons at work, against
338:
Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
1937:"Health and Safety (Offences) Bill – Explanatory Notes"
1724:"Factory safety Bill should await committee's report".
1254:
The Consumer Protection Act 1987 added the power for a
104:
England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, offshore
2283:
Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act, 2013, section 69
1414:. Inspectors can themselves be authorised to exercise
1250:
any other power which is necessary to enforce the Act.
342:
Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992
5614:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1901:. London: Sweet & Maxwell. pp. 4-388–4-390.
1305:
can be brought under section 24, as of 2008, 21 days.
1155:
Under section, inspectors have the following powers:
421:
As originally enacted, there was a fourth objective:
1720:
Report of the Committee on Health and Safety at Work
1615:
extending into territorial waters and certain other
807:
that certain acts were done or omitted to provide a
504:
Employers must also prepare and keep under review a
5833:
5787:
5664:
5627:
5577:
5551:
5539:
5493:
5416:
5171:
5013:
4967:
4897:
4817:
4794:
4776:
4716:
4692:
4664:
3500:
3471:
3186:
3166:
2565:
2553:
2527:
2259:. Health and Safety Executive. 2007. Archived from
2173:. Health and Safety Executive. 2007. Archived from
2127:. Health and Safety Executive. 2007. Archived from
1004:
Health and safety regulations in the United Kingdom
175:
Text of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
173:
166:
159:
138:
133:
123:
113:
108:
98:
80:
67:
56:
5800:Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)
5585:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
2419:(4th edn 2004) Vol 20, "Health and Safety at Work"
1899:Archbold: Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice
1619:activities in territorial waters. Activities on a
264:Secretary of State for Employment and Productivity
2042:Department for Work and Pensions (1 April 2008).
1572:The act originally applied in England and Wales,
1435:(section 36). Where an offence is committed by a
1352:specifying the relevant statutory provisions; and
960:the Commission ceased to have responsibility for
387:Section 1 sets out the objectives of the act as:
281:. As a result, a committee of inquiry chaired by
5597:National Institute for Safety and Health at Work
2403:Tolley's Health and Safety at Work Handbook 2008
2082:
2080:
1586:Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland
1309:Appeal against a notice is within 21 days to an
686:Exceptions for supply of articles and substances
569:Section 6(1) defines the duty of any person who
5645:Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981
2100:"Local authority health and safety enforcement"
1641:
854:
775:
760:
558:An "article for use at work" is any (s.53(1)):
1406:so inspectors start prosecutions by laying an
1340:stating that the inspector is of that opinion;
350:Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981
5609:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
5559:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
5149:
4875:
3508:Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2505:
2021:. London: Sweet & Maxwell. p. Ch.6.
1582:Health and Safety Agency for Northern Ireland
1382:Health and safety crime in the United Kingdom
310:February 1974 United Kingdom general election
8:
4708:Church of England Assembly (Powers) Act 1919
1525:(section 48(4)). In 1987, section 10 of the
945:and information in connection with its work;
706:who supply articles or substances by way of
533:Duties of persons having control of premises
91:
32:
4744:Measures of the National Assembly for Wales
2119:
2117:
5548:
5253:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis ("black lung")
5156:
5142:
5134:
4882:
4868:
4860:
4791:
4768:Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland
4661:
2562:
2512:
2498:
2490:
2165:
2163:
301:which was published in 1972. Conservative
31:
1987:(2nd ed.). London: Ashgate. p.
1635:Reviewing performance of the act in 2008
1476:Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013
1093:Councils for a local government area; and
738:Section 8 requires that "no person shall
714:have no duties under section 6 (s.6(9)).
605:including when it is being dismantled or
3506:Great Britain and Ireland and the United
2150:
2148:
2146:
984:Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
6046:Health and safety in the United Kingdom
5779:Immediately dangerous to life or health
2383:House of Lords, 4 July 2008: Column 473
1670:
1584:. The Agency's name was changed to the
1222:Ensure that it is available for use as
189:Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
33:Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
6041:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1974
5966:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19
5238:Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy
1728:. 13 February 1971. p. 19, col A.
1708:. 19 February 1970. p. 23, col E.
1704:"New Bill on factory health, safety".
1421:If a person, by some act or omission,
1206:in or in the vicinity of the premises;
645:Duties towards substances used at work
4756:Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly
2462:The development of safety legislation
1923:Davies v. Health and Safety Executive
1458:of an item in question (section 42).
839:Health and Safety (Offences) Act 2008
690:The duties only extend to persons in
665:as may be necessary to ensure safety;
601:as may be necessary to ensure safety;
513:and safety arrangements (section 9).
355:Since the accession of the UK to the
168:Text of statute as originally enacted
7:
6013:
5656:Working Environment Convention, 1977
4827:United Kingdom statutory instruments
1062:Common Council of the City of London
948:make arrangements for securing that
750:What is reasonably practicable is a
554:Duties towards articles used at work
541:of premises, for example commercial
295:1970 United Kingdom general election
5825:Workers' right to access the toilet
2102:. Health and Safety Executive. 2008
1878:. Health and Safety Executive. 2002
1822:. Health and Safety Executive. 2007
1820:"The role of safety representative"
1539:Employment Medical Advisory Service
1519:Police (Health and Safety) Act 1997
1509:Criminal offences (sections 33-42);
1349:stating that he is of that opinion;
819:European Convention on Human Rights
799:falls on the defendant (s.40). The
429:of noxious or offensive substances;
405:Controlling the keeping and use of
285:was established towards the end of
6056:Occupational safety and health law
5896:International Chemical Safety Card
1863:Edwards v. The National Coal Board
425:Controlling the emission into the
275:Occupational Safety and Health Act
210:The act defines general duties on
25:
5906:National Day of Mourning (Canada)
5564:International Labour Organization
439:Environmental Protection Act 1990
303:Secretary of State for Employment
293:then came to power following the
243:sanctions extending to unlimited
146:Environmental Protection Act 1990
85:Secretary of State for Employment
6012:
5984:
5983:
4958:
843:Department for Work and Pensions
585:any article for use at work to:
287:Harold Wilson's first government
255:on workplace health and safety.
197:Parliament of the United Kingdom
50:Parliament of the United Kingdom
43:
4728:Acts of the Scottish Parliament
2466:Royal Society of Edinburgh 1996
1897:Richardson, P. J., ed. (2007).
1392:Director of Public Prosecutions
1289:improvement notice (section 21)
524:Duties of self-employed persons
5861:Environment, health and safety
5516:Occupational health psychology
5165:Occupational safety and health
4832:Scottish statutory instruments
1083:Council of the Isles of Scilly
829:breaches, rather than genuine
633:Section 6 was extended by the
1:
5732:Personal protective equipment
5485:Workplace health surveillance
4849:Church of England instruments
2528:Pre-parliamentary legislation
2440:(5th edn Prentice Hall 2005)
2426:(Butterworth-Heinemann 2003)
1939:. House of Commons. 2007–2008
1506:Notices (sections 21-25); and
1425:another person to commit the
998:Health and safety regulations
297:, preferring to wait for the
5774:Standard operating procedure
5707:Hierarchy of hazard controls
5460:Hierarchy of hazard controls
2559:the Kingdom of Great Britain
1851:Consumer Protection Act 1987
1313:who may appoint one or more
1272:legal professional privilege
929:Health and Safety Commission
923:Health and Safety Commission
905:Health and Safety Commission
734:Duties of persons in general
635:Consumer Protection Act 1987
537:Section 4 defines a duty of
373:Consumer Protection Act 1987
233:Health and Safety Commission
5911:NIOSH air filtration rating
5603:Health and Safety Executive
5511:Occupational health nursing
5475:Occupational exposure limit
5313:Hospital-acquired infection
5278:Exposure to human nail dust
5005:Courts of England and Wales
2073:SI 2006/266, art.2(2), Sch.
1784:Product Liability Directive
1623:under the direction of its
1404:offences triable either way
1074:The Under-Treasurer of the
978:Health and Safety Executive
972:Health and Safety Executive
909:Health and Safety Executive
888:Health and Safety Executive
803:have the burden of showing
740:intentionally or recklessly
377:Product Liability Directive
237:Health and Safety Executive
161:Status: Current legislation
6072:
5971:Workplace health promotion
5876:Hawks Nest Tunnel disaster
5650:Worker Protection Standard
5353:Noise-induced hearing loss
2422:JR Ridley and J Channing,
2417:Halsbury's Laws of England
2415:Lord Mackay of Clashfern,
1527:Crown Proceedings Act 1947
1487:
1379:
1332:, he may serve him with a
1026:the inspector against any
1001:
975:
926:
833:potentially punishable by
516:The act does not apply to
393:health, safety and welfare
375:in order to implement the
201:health, safety and welfare
29:United Kingdom legislation
5979:
5569:World Health Organization
5480:Occupational epidemiology
5465:Prevention through design
5323:Laboratory animal allergy
5248:Chimney sweeps' carcinoma
5223:Byssinosis ("brown lung")
5109:
4956:
3187:Acts of Parliament of the
1317:to sit with them (s.24).
1067:The Sub-Treasurer of the
882:development risks defence
868:Development risks defence
862:European Court of Justice
361:law of the European Union
279:United States federal law
253:law of the European Union
42:
37:
5886:Hostile work environment
5866:Environmental toxicology
5759:Redundancy (engineering)
5373:Repetitive strain injury
3504:of the United Kingdom of
3190:Kingdom of Great Britain
2535:List of English statutes
1472:breach of statutory duty
880:". This is known as the
823:presumption of innocence
815:balance of probabilities
100:Territorial extent
5931:Quality of working life
5717:Administrative controls
2973:Interregnum (1642–1660)
2295:Civil Evidence Act 1968
1984:Consumer Protection Law
1981:Howells, G. G. (2005).
1865:1 KB 704; 1 All ER 743
1853:, s.36, Sch.3 para.1(2)
1137:petrol filling stations
1103:county borough councils
1055:London borough councils
1030:if he has acted in the
899:Section 10 created two
805:beyond reasonable doubt
433:but this provision was
5526:Occupational therapist
5506:Industrial engineering
5298:Glassblower's cataract
5263:Decompression sickness
5046:British Virgin Islands
3167:Parliament of Scotland
2285:, accessed 2 June 2021
1971:S.36/ Sch.3 para.1(10)
1646:
1631:Performance of the act
1597:offshore installations
1517:on 1 July 1998 by the
1495:Liability of the Crown
1141:residential care homes
950:government departments
896:
858:
789:
778:Reasonably practicable
771:
746:Reasonably practicable
456:reasonably practicable
5996:Occupational diseases
5961:Workers' compensation
5521:Occupational medicine
5383:Silo-filler's disease
5348:Mule spinners' cancer
4819:Secondary legislation
3474:Parliament of Ireland
2566:Parliament of England
2438:Health and Safety Law
2253:"Pre-trial procedure"
2017:Clark, A. M. (1989).
1840:S.36, Sch.3 para.1(2)
895:
322:statutory instruments
228:statutory instruments
5722:Engineering controls
5697:Emergency evacuation
5501:Environmental health
5268:De Quervain syndrome
5258:Concussions in sport
4740:Acts of Senedd Cymru
4671:European Communities
2540:Charter of Liberties
2482:27 July 2008 at the
2405:(Butterworths 2007)
2340:SI 1998/2795 (NI 18)
2240:Environment Act 1995
1760:. p. 16, col A.
1743:. p. 19, col A.
1554:building regulations
955:propose regulations.
793:criminal prosecution
786:Lord Justice Asquith
694:or acting by way of
639:fairground equipment
415:dangerous substances
369:Directive 89/391/EEC
316:Structure of the act
224:government ministers
5856:Effects of overtime
5739:Job safety analysis
5727:Hazard substitution
5692:Emergency procedure
5470:Exposure assessment
5455:Occupational stress
5448:Psychosocial hazard
5428:Occupational hazard
5293:Flock worker's lung
4645:Halsbury's Statutes
2557:of states preceding
2555:Acts of parliaments
2321:SI 1978/1039 (NI 9)
2263:on 25 February 2008
2177:on 24 December 2007
2156:SI 2004/1861, Sch.4
1684:. p. 2, col A.
1366:employment tribunal
1324:Prohibition notices
1311:employment tribunal
1278:Improvement notices
1101:County councils or
1044:where there are no
850:European Commission
768:Lord Justice Tucker
718:Duties of employees
450:Duties of employers
395:of persons at work;
328:. For example, the
129:from 1 October 1974
34:
5891:Indoor air quality
5795:Diving regulations
5712:Hazard elimination
5531:Safety engineering
4910:Administrative law
4651:Legislation.gov.uk
3502:Acts of Parliament
2326:2009-03-27 at the
2171:"Notice of appeal"
2131:on 8 November 2009
2125:"Drafting notices"
1770:Council Directive
1722:(1972) Cmnd 5034;
1609:territorial waters
1568:Territorial extent
1545:. Section 68 is a
1416:rights of audience
1412:magistrates' court
1396:Environment Agency
1334:prohibition notice
1051:District councils;
897:
758:held in 1949 that
291:Conservative Party
179:legislation.gov.uk
6028:
6027:
5941:Safety data sheet
5754:Operations manual
5635:Bangladesh Accord
5623:
5622:
5433:Biological hazard
5131:
5130:
4857:
4856:
4842:Acts of Adjournal
4813:
4812:
4805:1972–2009/2015–16
4778:Orders in Council
4694:Church of England
4688:
4687:
3182:
3181:
3049:Habeas Corpus Act
2960:Petition of Right
2401:Various authors,
2257:Enforcement Guide
2069:Railways Act 2005
2019:Product Liability
1908:978-0-421-94830-3
1562:Building Act 1984
1547:Henry VIII clause
1543:England and Wales
1388:England and Wales
1274:(section 20(8)).
1046:district councils
1011:codes of practice
831:criminal offences
704:Finance companies
518:domestic servants
185:
184:
151:Railways Act 2005
134:Other legislation
38:Act of Parliament
16:(Redirected from
6063:
6016:
6015:
5987:
5986:
5682:Contingency plan
5677:Code of practice
5549:
5343:Metal fume fever
5158:
5151:
5144:
5135:
5026:Northern Ireland
4968:Further subjects
4962:
4884:
4877:
4870:
4861:
4837:Acts of Sederunt
4797:Northern Ireland
4792:
4665:relating to the
4662:
2563:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2491:
2385:
2374:
2368:
2361:
2355:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2317:
2311:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2281:UK Legislation,
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2167:
2158:
2152:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2075:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2046:. Archived from
2039:
2033:
2032:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1963:
1958:Commission v. UK
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1933:
1927:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1816:
1810:
1796:
1790:
1781:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1675:
1660:English tort law
1593:Order in Council
1578:Northern Ireland
1533:Other provisions
1523:Order in Council
1400:summary offences
1260:right to silence
1162:take with him a
1145:leisure industry
1135:establishments,
1028:civil litigation
992:local government
901:bodies corporate
787:
769:
752:question of fact
712:credit agreement
326:code of practice
306:William Whitelaw
277:was passed into
101:
93:
47:
46:
35:
21:
6071:
6070:
6066:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6061:
6060:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6024:
5975:
5956:Toxic workplace
5936:Risk management
5829:
5783:
5764:Risk assessment
5660:
5619:
5573:
5544:
5535:
5489:
5443:Physical hazard
5438:Chemical hazard
5419:
5412:
5177:
5174:
5167:
5162:
5132:
5127:
5105:
5081:Anglo-Saxon law
5014:Related systems
5009:
4995:Civil procedure
4980:Competition law
4963:
4954:
4945:Retained EU law
4905:UK Constitution
4893:
4888:
4858:
4853:
4809:
4790:
4772:
4717:Legislation of
4712:
4684:
4660:
4640:
4512:
4009:
3507:
3505:
3496:
3467:
3188:
3178:
3162:
2558:
2549:
2523:
2518:
2484:Wayback Machine
2393:
2388:
2375:
2371:
2362:
2358:
2349:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2328:Wayback Machine
2318:
2314:
2305:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2153:
2144:
2134:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2085:
2078:
2067:
2063:
2053:
2051:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2016:
2015:
2011:
1999:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1916:
1909:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1797:
1793:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1765:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1651:
1633:
1570:
1535:
1497:
1492:
1468:civil liability
1464:
1462:Civil liability
1384:
1378:
1330:personal injury
1326:
1280:
1256:customs officer
1169:take with him:
1153:
1042:County councils
1019:
1006:
1000:
980:
974:
931:
925:
917:borrowing money
890:
870:
837:. However, the
797:burden of proof
788:
785:
770:
767:
756:Court of Appeal
748:
736:
720:
688:
647:
556:
547:serviced office
535:
526:
452:
447:
385:
348:/2966) and the
318:
261:
162:
155:
99:
90:22 March 1974 (
52:
44:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6069:
6067:
6059:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6033:
6032:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6022:
6010:
6009:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5980:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5946:Source control
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5921:Process safety
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5881:Health physics
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5837:
5835:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5812:
5802:
5797:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5769:Safety culture
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5749:Permit To Work
5746:
5744:Lockout-tagout
5741:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5668:
5666:
5662:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5653:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5611:
5606:
5600:
5594:
5588:
5581:
5579:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5555:
5553:
5546:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5424:
5422:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5408:Writer's cramp
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5363:Pneumoconiosis
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5328:Lead poisoning
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5303:Golfer's elbow
5300:
5295:
5290:
5288:Fiddler's neck
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5243:Chronic stress
5240:
5235:
5230:
5228:Cardiovascular
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5184:
5182:
5169:
5168:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5138:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5118:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5017:
5015:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4990:Commercial law
4987:
4982:
4977:
4971:
4969:
4965:
4964:
4957:
4955:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4864:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4829:
4823:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4801:
4799:
4789:
4788:
4782:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4770:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4724:
4722:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4699:
4697:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4667:European Union
4659:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3509:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3192:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3076:Bill of Rights
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2569:
2567:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2521:UK legislation
2519:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2469:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2434:
2424:Safety at Work
2420:
2413:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2369:
2356:
2343:
2331:
2312:
2299:
2287:
2274:
2244:
2232:
2210:
2188:
2159:
2142:
2113:
2091:
2076:
2061:
2050:on 17 May 2008
2034:
2027:
2009:
1997:
1973:
1964:
1950:
1928:
1926:EWCA Crim 2949
1914:
1907:
1889:
1867:
1855:
1842:
1833:
1811:
1791:
1776:
1763:
1746:
1731:
1711:
1696:
1687:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1650:
1647:
1632:
1629:
1627:are excluded.
1576:(in part) and
1569:
1566:
1534:
1531:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1496:
1493:
1490:Harris v Evans
1463:
1460:
1437:body corporate
1380:Main article:
1377:
1374:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1336:(section 22):
1325:
1322:
1307:
1306:
1299:
1296:
1279:
1276:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1220:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1195:and make such
1185:
1184:investigation;
1181:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1160:
1152:
1149:
1127:distribution,
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1018:
1015:
1002:Main article:
999:
996:
994:(section 18).
976:Main article:
973:
970:
966:public inquiry
962:railway safety
957:
956:
953:
946:
939:
927:Main article:
924:
921:
889:
886:
869:
866:
783:
765:
747:
744:
735:
732:
731:
730:
727:
719:
716:
700:not for profit
698:, even though
687:
684:
679:
678:
674:
666:
655:
646:
643:
615:
614:
610:
602:
591:
567:
566:
563:
555:
552:
545:, managers of
534:
531:
525:
522:
520:(section 51).
498:
497:
493:
489:
486:
483:
466:Provision and
451:
448:
446:
445:General duties
443:
431:
430:
419:
418:
403:
396:
384:
381:
357:European Union
317:
314:
267:Barbara Castle
260:
257:
205:United Kingdom
183:
182:
171:
170:
164:
163:
160:
157:
156:
154:
153:
148:
142:
140:
136:
135:
131:
130:
127:
121:
120:
117:
111:
110:
106:
105:
102:
96:
95:
82:
78:
77:
71:
65:
64:
60:
54:
53:
48:
40:
39:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6068:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6021:
6020:
6011:
6007:
6006:Organizations
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5992:
5991:
5982:
5981:
5978:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5926:Public health
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5832:
5826:
5823:
5820:
5819:United States
5816:
5813:
5810:
5809:United States
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5709:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5687:Diving safety
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5663:
5657:
5654:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5626:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5552:International
5550:
5547:
5545:organizations
5542:
5538:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5492:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5418:Occupational
5415:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5388:Sports injury
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5333:Low back pain
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5283:Farmer's lung
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5181:
5176:
5173:Occupational
5170:
5166:
5159:
5154:
5152:
5147:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5076:United States
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4961:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:Core subjects
4896:
4892:
4885:
4880:
4878:
4873:
4871:
4866:
4865:
4862:
4850:
4847:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4793:
4787:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4715:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4691:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3185:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2589:Temp. incert.
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2446:0-13-197646-X
2443:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2432:0-7506-5493-7
2429:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2412:
2411:0-7545-3318-2
2408:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2233:
2222:
2221:
2214:
2211:
2200:
2199:
2192:
2189:
2176:
2172:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2062:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2035:
2030:
2028:0-421-38880-3
2024:
2020:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1998:0-7546-2338-6
1994:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1977:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:Case C-127/05
1959:
1954:
1951:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1890:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1759:
1758:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1700:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1655:UK labour law
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1640:
1638:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1359:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1268:civil partner
1265:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:Middle Temple
1073:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1005:
997:
995:
993:
989:
985:
979:
971:
969:
967:
963:
954:
951:
947:
944:
940:
937:
936:
935:
930:
922:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
894:
887:
885:
883:
879:
875:
867:
865:
863:
857:
853:
851:
848:In 2005, the
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
821:(ECHR) as to
820:
816:
812:
811:
806:
802:
798:
794:
782:
779:
774:
764:
759:
757:
753:
745:
743:
741:
733:
728:
725:
724:
723:
717:
715:
713:
709:
708:hire purchase
705:
701:
697:
693:
685:
683:
675:
672:
667:
664:
660:
657:Perform such
656:
652:
651:
650:
644:
642:
640:
636:
631:
628:
624:
620:
611:
608:
603:
600:
596:
593:Perform such
592:
588:
587:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
564:
561:
560:
559:
553:
551:
548:
544:
540:
532:
530:
523:
521:
519:
514:
511:
507:
506:safety policy
502:
494:
490:
487:
484:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
464:
463:
461:
457:
449:
444:
442:
440:
436:
428:
424:
423:
422:
416:
413:or otherwise
412:
408:
404:
401:
397:
394:
391:Securing the
390:
389:
388:
382:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
324:or through a
323:
315:
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311:
307:
304:
300:
299:Robens Report
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
265:
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256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
158:
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147:
144:
143:
141:
137:
132:
128:
126:
122:
118:
116:
112:
107:
103:
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86:
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81:Introduced by
79:
75:
72:
70:
66:
61:
59:
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41:
36:
27:
19:
6051:Safety codes
6017:
5988:
5815:Right to sit
5805:Potty parity
5398:Tennis elbow
5393:Surfer's ear
5338:Mesothelioma
5308:Hearing loss
5120:
5113:
4935:Property law
4920:Contract law
4915:Criminal law
4786:1994 to date
4721:institutions
4680:1972 to date
4656:Short titles
4643:
3472:Acts of the
2971:
2588:
2472:
2461:
2437:
2423:
2416:
2402:
2376:
2372:
2365:SI 2001/2127
2359:
2346:
2334:
2315:
2302:
2290:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2261:the original
2256:
2247:
2235:
2224:, retrieved
2219:
2213:
2202:, retrieved
2197:
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2175:the original
2133:. Retrieved
2129:the original
2104:. Retrieved
2094:
2064:
2052:. Retrieved
2048:the original
2037:
2018:
2012:
2005:Google Books
1988:
1983:
1976:
1967:
1957:
1953:
1941:. Retrieved
1931:
1921:
1917:
1898:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1870:
1862:
1858:
1845:
1836:
1824:. Retrieved
1814:
1804:SI 1996/1513
1800:SI 1992/2051
1794:
1779:
1766:
1755:
1749:
1740:
1734:
1725:
1719:
1714:
1705:
1699:
1690:
1679:
1673:
1642:
1637:Lord Grocott
1634:
1590:
1571:
1551:
1536:
1512:
1498:
1466:There is no
1465:
1453:
1426:
1420:
1385:
1370:
1363:
1333:
1327:
1319:
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1288:
1287:him with an
1281:
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1069:Inner Temple
1020:
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536:
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515:
510:Trade unions
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455:
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420:
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379:85/374/EEC.
354:
336:/2677), the
319:
262:
249:imprisonment
209:
188:
186:
125:Commencement
119:31 July 1974
115:Royal assent
88:Michael Foot
26:
5851:Drug policy
5788:Legislation
5494:Professions
5318:Indium lung
5213:Brucellosis
5208:Berylliosis
5101:Hue and cry
5096:Bloody Code
5066:New Zealand
4975:Company law
4891:English law
2545:Magna Carta
2436:J Stranks,
2352:SI 1995/263
1617:engineering
1410:before the
1408:information
1376:Prosecution
1372:24(3)(b)).
1193:photographs
1017:Enforcement
810:prima facie
801:prosecution
671:disposed of
663:examination
607:disposed of
599:examination
468:maintenance
283:Lord Robens
220:contractors
203:within the
6035:Categories
5951:Toxic tort
5901:Job strain
5871:Ergonomics
5846:Break room
5368:Radium jaw
5358:Phossy jaw
5233:Chalicosis
5203:Barotrauma
5193:Asbestosis
5086:Common law
5000:Family law
4985:Labour law
4669:(formerly
2460:W Cullen,
2391:References
2367:, arts 4-8
2354:, arts 4-8
1787:85/374/EEC
1772:89/391/EEC
1639:observed:
1483:negligence
1480:common law
1456:forfeiture
1428:actus reus
1204:atmosphere
1197:recordings
1187:take such
1151:Inspectors
1090:Scotland:
874:reasonably
827:regulatory
427:atmosphere
409:or highly
383:Objectives
365:directives
259:Background
139:Relates to
58:Long title
5672:Checklist
5640:ISO 45001
5628:Standards
5378:Silicosis
5188:Acrodynia
5071:Singapore
5056:Hong Kong
5041:Australia
4940:Trust law
3492:1751–1800
3487:1701–1750
3283:1760–1764
3278:1755–1759
3273:1750–1754
3268:1745–1749
3263:1740–1744
3258:1735–1739
3253:1730–1734
3248:1725–1729
3243:1720–1724
3238:1715–1719
2615:1422–1460
2610:1413–1421
2605:1399–1411
2600:1377–1397
2595:1327–1376
2583:1308–1325
2578:1275–1307
2573:1225–1267
2308:1998/1542
1849:Added by
1808:1999/3242
1757:The Times
1741:The Times
1726:The Times
1706:The Times
1681:The Times
1605:pipelines
1588:in 1998.
1500:The Crown
1449:secretary
1433:the Crown
1315:assessors
1164:constable
1125:wholesale
1038:England:
1024:indemnify
913:the Crown
654:premises;
637:to cover
543:landlords
539:occupiers
460:employees
411:flammable
407:explosive
216:employees
212:employers
18:HSWA 1974
6001:Journals
5990:Category
5916:Overwork
5834:See also
5587:(Canada)
5578:National
5541:Agencies
5403:Tinnitus
5273:Erethism
5180:injuries
5175:diseases
5115:Category
5031:Scotland
4950:Case law
4925:Tort law
4719:devolved
4696:measures
2480:Archived
2452:Articles
2324:Archived
2267:24 March
2181:24 March
2135:24 March
2106:25 March
2088:1998/494
1943:24 March
1882:23 March
1826:24 March
1649:See also
1574:Scotland
1558:repealed
1441:director
1394:but the
1224:evidence
1143:and the
1133:catering
943:training
878:foreseen
791:Where a
784:—
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692:business
627:Erectors
623:research
583:supplies
435:repealed
241:criminal
226:through
69:Citation
6019:Commons
5599:(Spain)
5593:(Italy)
5420:hygiene
5218:Burnout
5021:UK-wide
4930:Privacy
3482:to 1700
3174:to 1707
2378:Hansard
2226:5 April
2204:5 April
2054:6 April
1560:by the
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1113:offices
1098:Wales:
677:safety.
659:testing
619:written
613:safety.
595:testing
579:imports
571:designs
346:SI 1992
334:SI 2002
195:of the
92:Commons
5702:Hazard
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5198:Asthma
5122:Portal
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1625:master
1607:in UK
1515:police
1423:causes
1303:appeal
1264:spouse
1121:retail
1032:honest
988:expert
903:, the
754:. The
492:risks;
480:health
340:, the
289:. The
5841:Break
5061:India
5036:Wales
2471:HSE,
2396:Books
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1666:Notes
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1285:serve
1129:hotel
1117:shops
773:and:
696:trade
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609:; and
590:work;
496:work.
476:risks
400:risks
245:fines
109:Dates
76:c. 37
5652:(US)
5616:(US)
5605:(UK)
5543:and
5178:and
4795:for
4761:List
4749:List
4742:and
4733:List
4703:List
4636:2024
4631:2023
4626:2022
4621:2021
4616:2020
4611:2019
4606:2018
4601:2017
4596:2016
4591:2015
4586:2014
4581:2013
4576:2012
4571:2011
4566:2010
4561:2009
4556:2008
4551:2007
4546:2006
4541:2005
4536:2004
4531:2003
4526:2002
4521:2001
4516:2000
4508:1999
4503:1998
4498:1997
4493:1996
4488:1995
4483:1994
4478:1993
4473:1992
4468:1991
4463:1990
4458:1989
4453:1988
4448:1987
4443:1986
4438:1985
4433:1984
4428:1983
4423:1982
4418:1981
4413:1980
4408:1979
4403:1978
4398:1977
4393:1976
4388:1975
4383:1974
4378:1973
4373:1972
4368:1971
4363:1970
4358:1969
4353:1968
4348:1967
4343:1966
4338:1965
4333:1964
4328:1963
4323:1962
4318:1961
4313:1960
4308:1959
4303:1958
4298:1957
4293:1956
4288:1955
4283:1954
4278:1953
4273:1952
4268:1951
4263:1950
4258:1949
4253:1948
4248:1947
4243:1946
4238:1945
4233:1944
4228:1943
4223:1942
4218:1941
4213:1940
4208:1939
4203:1938
4198:1937
4193:1936
4188:1935
4183:1934
4178:1933
4173:1932
4168:1931
4163:1930
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4153:1928
4148:1927
4143:1926
4138:1925
4133:1924
4128:1923
4123:1922
4118:1921
4113:1920
4108:1919
4103:1918
4098:1917
4093:1916
4088:1915
4083:1914
4078:1913
4073:1912
4068:1911
4063:1910
4058:1909
4053:1908
4048:1907
4043:1906
4038:1905
4033:1904
4028:1903
4023:1902
4018:1901
4013:1900
4005:1899
4000:1898
3995:1897
3990:1896
3985:1895
3980:1894
3975:1893
3970:1892
3965:1891
3960:1890
3955:1889
3950:1888
3945:1887
3940:1886
3935:1885
3930:1884
3925:1883
3920:1882
3915:1881
3910:1880
3905:1879
3900:1878
3895:1877
3890:1876
3885:1875
3880:1874
3875:1873
3870:1872
3865:1871
3860:1870
3855:1869
3850:1868
3845:1867
3840:1866
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3830:1864
3825:1863
3820:1862
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3810:1860
3805:1859
3800:1858
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3790:1856
3785:1855
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3770:1852
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