224:. By this agreement, Inge and HĂ„kon recognized Bagler rule over the eastern parts of Norway with Philippus ruling as earl, under the nominal overlordship of king Inge, while the Birkebeiner remained in control of the rest of the country. Earl HĂ„kon ruled the western part of Norway, with his power base in
231:
The relationship between HĂ„kon and his brother Inge seems to have been tense at times. When it became clear that
Philippus was continuing to call himself king, in breach of the KvitsĂžy-agreement, HĂ„kon made attempts to have himself declared king as well, but Inge refused to accept this. Instead, an
328:
in 1130, the goal of the warring parties was always to put their man on the throne. In the first decades of the civil wars, alliances frequently shifted, and centered on the person of a king or pretender to the throne, but eventually, towards the end of the 12th century, two rival parties emerged,
176:
Sigurdsson. These appointments were made the day after
Guttorm became king and HĂ„kon thus became the real leader of the Birkebeiner, as King Guttorm was only 4 years old. When Guttorm suddenly died in August the same year, HĂ„kon was the favored candidate among the Birkebeiner military leaders, the
96:, and thus Cecilia's half-brother. Subsequently Cecilia left her husband and returned to Norway, probably taking young HĂ„kon with her. After Sverre succeeded in winning the throne of Norway, Cecilia had her marriage to Folkvid annulled, claiming she had been forced to marry him against her will.
52:. HĂ„kon Galen was born no later than the 1170s and died in 1214. His epithet "the crazy" or "the mad" can also be translated as frenzied, furious or frantic and probably refers to ferociousness in battle.
240:
against king Inge. Open conflict between the two brothers never broke out, however, as HĂ„kon died of natural causes in Bergen just after
Christmas of 1214. Inge took over his part of the kingdom.
337:. After these two factions were reconciled in 1217, a more ordered system of centralized government was gradually able to bring an end to such frequent uprisings. The failed rebellion of duke
236:, thereby seemed to be in a strong position to become the next king, as Inge only had an illegitimate son. In 1214, earl HĂ„kon was suspected of having had a hand in a rising by the farmers of
157:. Both Hallkjell Jonsson and Sigurd Magnusson died in the conflict. The battle experience of the Birkebeiner veterans proved to be decisive in achieving victory over the Eyjarskeggjar.
232:
agreement was drawn up by which the brother that survived the other would inherit the otherâs lands, while a legitimate son of either would inherit them both. HĂ„kon's legitimate son,
324:) was the period between 1130 and 1240. During this time, a series of civil wars were fought between rival kings and pretenders to the throne of Norway. After the death of King
914:
132:
and claimant to the throne of Norway. The attacking force was gathered from the islands of Orkney and
Shetland, giving rise to the name Island Beards (
929:
924:
380:
867:
823:
899:
308:
498:
919:
889:
141:
In the spring of 1194, King Sverre sailed south to confront the attacking force. The two fleets met on April 3 in the
843:
translation to
English by G.W. Dasent (London: Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ăvi Scriptores, vol.88.4, 1894, repr. 1964)
909:
837:
904:
49:
190:
73:
61:
65:
894:
142:
205:
became king. HĂ„kon remained earl and leader of the military, and was given half the royal revenues.
325:
249:
265:
264:(c. 1208 - 1261). After the death of HĂ„kon, Kristina took their son Knut with her and returned to
668:
281:
129:
643:
863:
819:
618:
338:
261:
257:
202:
173:
113:
693:
453:
277:
217:
213:
182:
125:
85:
862: ; translator Gunnar Pedersen; (Noregs kongesoger 3. Det Norske Samlaget, Oslo.1979)
273:
233:
812:
765:
253:
225:
117:
883:
134:
121:
828:
302:
293:
201:, HĂ„kon's Swedish origins were held against him. In the end, HĂ„kon's half-brother,
198:
40:
237:
194:
161:
84:, by her father's enemies after he had been defeated and killed in 1155. In 1177,
502:
330:
109:
93:
89:
77:
69:
45:
292:
The main source of information concerning the life of HĂ„kon Galen is from the
221:
17:
431:
596:
178:
150:
570:
548:
186:
841:
The Saga of Hakon and a
Fragment of the Saga of Magnus with Appendices
405:
788:
334:
269:
209:
154:
81:
172:) and named steward of the kingdom during the minority of the child
715:
525:
280:
which was demolished in 1531. Today, a memorial marks its site in
105:
832:
The
Scandinavian Kingdoms until the end of the thirteenth century
475:
169:
92:
rebel faction. Sverre claimed to be an illegitimate son of king
740:
164:
died, HĂ„kon Galen was made leader of the army, given the title
358:
189:
to elect the new king, his candidacy was opposed by the
112:
fighting for King Sverre in 1193 against a force led by
341:
in 1240 was the final episode of the civil war era.
248:
In 1205, HĂ„kon Galen married the
Swedish noblewoman
220:, until the warfare was ended by the settlement of
88:arrived in Norway and took over leadership of the
644:"Filippus Simonsson â Norsk biografisk leksikon"
571:"Guttorm Sigurdsson â Norsk biografisk leksikon"
208:From 1204 until 1208, Inge and HĂ„kon fought the
834:( Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1929)
619:"Erling Steinvegg â Norsk biografisk leksikon"
160:In January 1204, when King Sverre's son, King
8:
858:HĂždnebĂž. Finn & Hallvard MagerĂžy (eds.)
669:"Knut HĂ„konsson â Norsk biografisk leksikon"
381:"HĂ„kon Galen - Gyldendal - Den Store Danske"
181:, to become the next king. However, at the
818:translator J. Stephton. (Llanerch Press)
406:"HĂ„kon Galen â Norsk biografisk leksikon"
128:, the latter an acknowledged son of King
120:. He was supported by two sons-in-law of
320:The Norwegian civil war era (Norwegian:
741:"Baglersagaene â Store norske leksikon"
349:
108:as one of the prominent men among the
104:HĂ„kon Galen is first mentioned in the
716:"HĂ„kon Galen â Store norske leksikon"
7:
499:"A Timeline of Early Orkney History"
276:. HĂ„kon Galen was buried in the old
272:where she married Swedish nobleman,
915:Norwegian people of Swedish descent
68:, an illegitimate daughter of king
72:. Cecilia had been married off to
25:
816:The Saga of King Sverri of Norway
252:, whose maternal grandfather was
930:13th-century Norwegian nobility
925:12th-century Norwegian nobility
860:Soga om baglarar og birkebeinar
1:
696:. Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
456:. Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
212:rising, under the pretenders
599:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
551:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
501:. Orkneyjar. Archived from
434:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
300:). He is also mentioned in
60:HĂ„kon Galen was the son of
946:
547:Bente Opheim Brathetland.
153:, an island just north of
124:, Hallkjell Jonsson and
872:Hartvedt, Gunnar Hagen
791:. Store norske leksikon
528:. Store norske leksikon
478:. Store norske leksikon
432:"Cecilia Sigurdsdatter"
361:. Store norske leksikon
50:civil war era in Norway
876:(Bergen, Norway: 1994)
768:. lokalhistoriewiki.no
309:HĂ„kon HĂ„konsson's saga
191:Archdiocese of Nidaros
74:Folkvid the Lawspeaker
62:Folkvid the Lawspeaker
66:Cecilia Sigurdsdotter
48:chieftain during the
920:Civil wars in Norway
900:People from VĂ€rmland
505:on December 13, 2016
316:Historic prospective
256:who reigned as King
890:12th-century births
549:"Hallkjell Jonsson"
326:Sigurd the Crusader
250:Kristina Nilsdotter
218:Philippus Simonsson
197:. According to the
193:and the farmers of
526:"Sigurd Magnusson"
282:Bergenhus fortress
147:Slaget ved FlorvÄg
130:Magnus V of Norway
38:) was a Norwegian
910:Regents of Norway
874:Bergen Byleksikon
838:ĂĂłrĂ°arson, Sturla
766:"Borgerkrigstida"
694:"Eskil Magnusson"
597:"Inge 2 BĂ„rdsson"
385:denstoredanske.dk
260:. They had a son
258:Eric IX of Sweden
143:Battle of FlorvÄg
114:Harald Maddadsson
16:(Redirected from
937:
801:
800:
798:
796:
789:"Skule BĂ„rdsson"
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778:
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773:
762:
756:
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753:
751:
737:
731:
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690:
684:
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278:Bergen Cathedral
214:Erling Steinvegg
126:Sigurd Magnusson
28:Haakon the Crazy
21:
945:
944:
940:
939:
938:
936:
935:
934:
905:Norwegian earls
880:
879:
850:
848:Further reading
809:
804:
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518:
508:
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497:Sigurd Towrie.
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459:
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451:
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387:
379:
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364:
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356:
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347:
322:Borgerkrigstida
318:
290:
288:Primary sources
274:Eskil Magnusson
246:
234:Knut Haakonsson
102:
58:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
943:
941:
933:
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927:
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849:
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835:
826:
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779:
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732:
707:
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635:
610:
587:
562:
539:
516:
489:
467:
445:
422:
397:
372:
348:
346:
343:
339:Skule BĂ„rdsson
317:
314:
289:
286:
262:Knut HĂ„konsson
254:Eric the Saint
245:
242:
118:Earl of Orkney
101:
98:
57:
54:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
942:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
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906:
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885:
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871:
869:
868:82-521-0891-1
865:
861:
857:
856:
855:
854:
847:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:Koht, Havfdan
827:
825:
824:1-897853-49-1
821:
817:
814:
813:JĂłnsson, Karl
811:
810:
806:
790:
787:Per Norseng.
783:
780:
767:
761:
758:
746:
742:
736:
733:
721:
717:
711:
708:
695:
689:
686:
674:
670:
664:
661:
649:
645:
639:
636:
624:
620:
614:
611:
598:
591:
588:
576:
572:
566:
563:
550:
543:
540:
527:
524:Per Norseng.
520:
517:
504:
500:
493:
490:
477:
471:
468:
455:
449:
446:
433:
426:
423:
411:
407:
401:
398:
386:
382:
376:
373:
360:
359:"birkebeiner"
357:Per Norseng.
353:
350:
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
329:known as the
327:
323:
315:
313:
311:
310:
305:
304:
299:
298:Baglersagaene
295:
287:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
266:VÀstergötland
263:
259:
255:
251:
244:Personal life
243:
241:
239:
235:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
206:
204:
203:Inge BĂ„rdsson
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
139:
137:
136:
135:Eyjarskeggjar
131:
127:
123:
122:Erling Skakke
119:
115:
111:
107:
99:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
55:
53:
51:
47:
43:
42:
37:
34:, Norwegian:
33:
29:
19:
18:Hakon the Mad
873:
859:
852:
851:
840:
831:
815:
793:. Retrieved
782:
770:. Retrieved
760:
748:. Retrieved
744:
735:
723:. Retrieved
719:
710:
698:. Retrieved
688:
676:. Retrieved
672:
663:
651:. Retrieved
647:
638:
626:. Retrieved
622:
613:
601:. Retrieved
595:Knut Helle.
590:
578:. Retrieved
574:
565:
553:. Retrieved
542:
530:. Retrieved
519:
507:. Retrieved
503:the original
492:
480:. Retrieved
476:"Ăžyskjegger"
470:
458:. Retrieved
448:
436:. Retrieved
430:Knut Helle.
425:
413:. Retrieved
409:
400:
388:. Retrieved
384:
375:
363:. Retrieved
352:
321:
319:
307:
303:Sverris saga
301:
297:
294:Bagler sagas
291:
247:
230:
207:
199:Bagler sagas
185:convened in
165:
159:
146:
140:
133:
103:
59:
39:
35:
32:HĂĄkon galinn
31:
30:(Old Norse:
27:
26:
895:1214 deaths
331:Birkebeiner
110:Birkebeiner
94:Sigurd Munn
90:Birkebeiner
70:Sigurd Munn
46:Birkebeiner
36:HĂ„kon Galen
884:Categories
750:18 January
725:18 January
678:18 January
653:18 January
628:18 January
580:18 January
482:18 January
415:18 January
390:18 January
345:References
56:Background
853:Norwegian
700:August 1,
603:August 1,
460:August 1,
454:"Cecilia"
438:August 1,
238:TrĂžndelag
195:TrĂžndelag
162:HĂ„kon III
333:and the
179:lendmenn
78:VĂ€rmland
807:Sources
795:June 1,
772:June 1,
555:June 1,
532:June 1,
509:June 1,
365:June 1,
222:KvitsĂžy
187:Nidaros
174:Guttorm
866:
822:
745:snl.no
720:snl.no
673:snl.no
648:snl.no
623:snl.no
575:snl.no
410:snl.no
335:Bagler
270:Sweden
226:Bergen
210:Bagler
155:Bergen
116:, the
100:Career
86:Sverre
82:Sweden
183:Thing
151:AskĂžy
149:) on
106:Sagas
864:ISBN
820:ISBN
797:2017
774:2017
752:2017
727:2017
702:2018
680:2017
655:2017
630:2017
605:2018
582:2017
557:2017
534:2017
511:2017
484:2017
462:2018
440:2018
417:2017
392:2017
367:2017
306:and
216:and
170:earl
166:jarl
64:and
44:and
41:jarl
228:.
138:).
80:in
76:in
886::
743:.
718:.
671:.
646:.
621:.
573:.
408:.
383:.
312:.
284:.
268:,
799:.
776:.
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704:.
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632:.
607:.
584:.
559:.
536:.
513:.
486:.
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442:.
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394:.
369:.
296:(
168:(
145:(
20:)
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