228:, who failed in resisting Duvalier's authoritarian regime. Duvalier's death and the subsequent succession of his son Jean-Claude Duvalier led to the notion of “patriotic action”, a declaration of nationalism directed towards Haitian Canadian and Haitian American immigrants, as well as a call to action in assisting their Haitian brethren. Haitian Canadians joined forces with their home country brethren in some cases to assist in the "“resolution of the Haitian crisis” and to attempt to establish greater leftist political power. The idea of “patriotic action” finalized with the potential deportation faced by around 700 Haitian Canadians from 1972 to 1973. These Haitian Québécois joined forces under a protest movement in regards to their rights as citizens; these protests were organized by the Christian community of Haitians of Montreal.
3084:
660:
637:
3036:
774:
2988:
729:
614:
1680:
499:
1736:
3100:
1524:
545:
1748:
591:
2956:
1656:
522:
1724:
1760:
1644:
1692:
1560:
1536:
568:
1620:
1608:
1548:
683:
476:
453:
1707:
3068:
1584:
430:
2938:
788:
3004:
1668:
1596:
1572:
706:
3020:
3052:
2972:
214:
Immigration from Haiti to Quebec started in 1963. Haitian settlement in the Quebec municipality
Montreal increased about 40% between the late 1960s and the early 1970s. Immigration data from 1968 shows that Haiti placed fifteenth in overall origin countries outputting migrants to Quebec; in addition,
871:
223:
The migration of
Haitian immigrants between 1969 and 1974 can be understood through the political institutions in place within Haiti at the time. Haiti was governed by way of a dictatorship, led by François Duvalier. Duvalier had been contested by the leftist
215:
Haiti had 1.6% of the total immigration percentage of Quebec in 1968. In the span of five years, Haiti became the second-largest source country for Quebec immigration, accounting for 8.4% of the total number of immigrants to Quebec in 1973.
846:
1393:
1361:
1329:
1297:
1265:
1233:
1201:
1169:
1137:
1105:
1073:
1041:
1464:
3129:
1769:
991:
2926:
1804:
1496:
1425:
1837:
3134:
1009:
2153:
1684:
3144:
225:
1469:
3042:
1813:
2628:
2904:
1740:
3139:
2919:
2888:
1449:
824:, unofficial border crossing used irregularly by many Haitians temporarily in the U.S. to seek asylum in Canada during 2017
2505:
1797:
1489:
1827:
948:
Thérien, Jean-Phillipe; Mace, Gordon (Summer 2013). "Identity and
Foreign Polity: Canada as a Nation of the Americas".
1728:
1528:
816:
801:
1764:
2912:
2382:
1459:
760:
642:
2011:
1790:
1660:
1482:
995:
2861:
2367:
2032:
1832:
2812:
2338:
2148:
2849:
1871:
2893:
2716:
2495:
2463:
2415:
2328:
2320:
665:
2883:
2757:
2711:
2670:
2602:
2435:
2425:
2400:
2372:
2270:
2232:
2209:
2199:
2189:
2037:
1696:
619:
2696:
2648:
2643:
2612:
2566:
2453:
2410:
2390:
2355:
2305:
2300:
2283:
2204:
2184:
2174:
2169:
2128:
2118:
1940:
1752:
1706:
1564:
1540:
1298:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Newfoundland and Labrador, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
3074:
3058:
2875:
2817:
2731:
2721:
2701:
2686:
2660:
2551:
2536:
2490:
2485:
2458:
2395:
2350:
2290:
2194:
2143:
2133:
2097:
2058:
2053:
2016:
1993:
1981:
1976:
1966:
1935:
1888:
1856:
1672:
1624:
1612:
1588:
1576:
1552:
1398:
1366:
1334:
1302:
1270:
1238:
1206:
1174:
1142:
1110:
1078:
1046:
1014:
973:
965:
930:
922:
403:
62:
1849:
1442:
3106:
2978:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2790:
2785:
2762:
2752:
2747:
2726:
2691:
2665:
2653:
2638:
2607:
2581:
2522:
2517:
2510:
2500:
2405:
2360:
2310:
2278:
2179:
2102:
1883:
1878:
1403:
1371:
1339:
1330:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Northwest Territories, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
1307:
1275:
1243:
1211:
1179:
1147:
1115:
1083:
1051:
1019:
867:
842:
806:
161:
128:
1266:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Prince Edward Island, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
2962:
2942:
2844:
2834:
2767:
2633:
2576:
2571:
2561:
2478:
2473:
2295:
2245:
2240:
2068:
1988:
1971:
1961:
1945:
1861:
1648:
1634:
957:
914:
811:
504:
153:
110:
89:
3010:
2829:
2822:
2706:
2586:
2556:
2468:
2448:
2343:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2223:
2123:
1920:
1905:
1893:
1505:
173:
157:
105:
1106:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), British Columbia, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
2856:
2443:
2420:
2333:
2063:
1910:
1900:
1629:
115:
1170:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), New Brunswick, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
3123:
3090:
3026:
1782:
1735:
1234:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Saskatchewan, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
977:
961:
934:
779:
550:
137:
132:
93:
1138:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Nova Scotia, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
793:
596:
992:"Facts and figures 2011 – Immigration overview: Permanent and temporary residents"
1202:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Manitoba, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
1747:
1362:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Nunavut, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
1074:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Alberta, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
1042:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Ontario, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
821:
527:
17:
1010:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Quebec, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
918:
1394:"Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Yukon, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data"
769:
181:
2839:
1866:
1723:
573:
240:
Number of
Haitian nationals granted permanent residence in Canada by year
149:
969:
1759:
1643:
926:
688:
481:
458:
219:
The impact of
Nationalism and Political Tension in Haiti on Immigration
85:
81:
734:
435:
193:
189:
77:
2937:
1844:
1474:
711:
185:
1454:
2908:
1786:
1478:
905:
Jadotte, Herard (June 1977). "Haitian
Immigration to Quebec".
192:. As of 2016, more than 86% of Haitian Canadians reside in
1426:"Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables"
872:"Census Profile, 2016 Census (Quebec [Province])"
847:"Census Profile, 2021 Census (Canada [Country])"
402:
Haitian
Canadians by Canadian province or territory (
994:. Citizenship and Immigration Canada. Archived from
2874:
2778:
2740:
2679:
2621:
2595:
2544:
2535:
2434:
2381:
2319:
2269:
2231:
2222:
2162:
2111:
2090:
2083:
2046:
2025:
2004:
1954:
1928:
1919:
1820:
1714:
1512:
143:
121:
99:
70:
50:
1465:Quebec Government Portal: Relations with Haiti
2920:
1798:
1490:
252:Total number of permanent residents admitted
8:
1460:Montreal International Haitian Film Festival
33:
255:Proportion of permanent residents admitted
2927:
2913:
2905:
2541:
2228:
2087:
1925:
1805:
1791:
1783:
1497:
1483:
1475:
409:
235:
32:
1470:Article on Haitian immigration to Quebec
834:
1455:Haitian Consulate General in Montreal
249:Number of Haitian nationals admitted
27:Canadians of Haitian birth or descent
7:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
71:Regions with significant populations
950:Latin American Politics and Society
226:Unified Party of Haitian Communists
3130:Canadian people of Haitian descent
1814:Ethnic origins of people in Canada
25:
1428:. statcan.gc.ca. 25 October 2017.
3098:
3082:
3066:
3050:
3034:
3018:
3002:
2986:
2970:
2954:
2936:
1758:
1746:
1734:
1722:
1705:
1690:
1678:
1666:
1654:
1642:
1618:
1606:
1594:
1582:
1570:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1522:
962:10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00197.x
786:
772:
727:
704:
681:
658:
635:
612:
589:
566:
543:
520:
497:
474:
451:
428:
1444:The Haitian Community in Canada
1450:Multicultural Canada: Haitians
80:, with smaller populations in
1:
3135:Caribbean diaspora in Canada
817:Black Canadians in Montreal
200:Haitian migration to Canada
188:-born people who reside in
3161:
3145:Haitian diaspora in Canada
2154:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
1685:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
919:10.1177/002193477700700407
758:
2949:
2163:Central and South America
1703:
761:List of Haitian Canadians
755:Notable Haitian Canadians
643:Newfoundland and Labrador
238:
148:
126:
104:
75:
55:
907:Journal of Black Studies
2629:Nordic and Scandinavian
802:Canada–Haiti relations
184:of Haitian descent or
177:
3140:Immigration to Quebec
998:on December 30, 2012.
759:Further information:
666:Northwest Territories
144:Related ethnic groups
870:(29 November 2017).
620:Prince Edward Island
1715:Canadian settlement
845:(8 February 2023).
47:
3043:Dominican Republic
1857:Canadian ethnicity
1399:Canada 2016 Census
1367:Canada 2016 Census
1335:Canada 2016 Census
1303:Canada 2016 Census
1271:Canada 2016 Census
1239:Canada 2016 Census
1207:Canada 2016 Census
1175:Canada 2016 Census
1143:Canada 2016 Census
1111:Canada 2016 Census
1079:Canada 2016 Census
1047:Canada 2016 Census
1015:Canada 2016 Census
178:HaĂŻtiano-Canadiens
3117:
3116:
2902:
2901:
2870:
2869:
2531:
2530:
2218:
2217:
2079:
2078:
1780:
1779:
1406:. 25 October 2017
1404:Statistics Canada
1374:. 25 October 2017
1372:Statistics Canada
1342:. 25 October 2017
1340:Statistics Canada
1310:. 25 October 2017
1308:Statistics Canada
1278:. 25 October 2017
1276:Statistics Canada
1246:. 25 October 2017
1244:Statistics Canada
1214:. 25 October 2017
1212:Statistics Canada
1182:. 25 October 2017
1180:Statistics Canada
1150:. 25 October 2017
1148:Statistics Canada
1118:. 25 October 2017
1116:Statistics Canada
1086:. 25 October 2017
1084:Statistics Canada
1054:. 25 October 2017
1052:Statistics Canada
1022:. 25 October 2017
1020:Statistics Canada
868:Statistics Canada
843:Statistics Canada
807:Haitian Americans
752:
751:
399:
398:
170:Haitian Canadians
167:
166:
162:Haitian Americans
129:Roman Catholicism
65:
46:
40:
38:HaĂŻtien-Canadiens
34:Haitian Canadians
16:(Redirected from
3152:
3110:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3078:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3062:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3030:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3014:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3005:
2998:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2966:
2965:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2943:Haitian diaspora
2941:
2940:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2906:
2680:Southeast Europe
2542:
2229:
2088:
1926:
1862:French Canadians
1807:
1800:
1793:
1784:
1763:
1762:
1751:
1750:
1739:
1738:
1727:
1726:
1709:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1647:
1646:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1529:African-American
1527:
1526:
1525:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1476:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1006:
1000:
999:
988:
982:
981:
945:
939:
938:
902:
883:
882:
880:
878:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
839:
812:Haitian diaspora
796:
791:
790:
789:
782:
777:
776:
775:
733:
731:
730:
710:
708:
707:
687:
685:
684:
664:
662:
661:
641:
639:
638:
618:
616:
615:
595:
593:
592:
572:
570:
569:
549:
547:
546:
526:
524:
523:
505:British Columbia
503:
501:
500:
480:
478:
477:
457:
455:
454:
434:
432:
431:
410:
236:
154:French Canadians
111:Canadian English
90:British Columbia
61:
51:Total population
48:
44:Ayisyen Kanadyen
42:
36:
21:
18:Haitian-Canadian
3160:
3159:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3097:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3081:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3049:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3017:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3001:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2985:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2953:
2945:
2935:
2933:
2903:
2898:
2866:
2774:
2741:Southern Europe
2736:
2675:
2622:Northern Europe
2617:
2591:
2527:
2430:
2377:
2315:
2265:
2214:
2158:
2107:
2075:
2042:
2026:Southern Africa
2021:
2000:
1950:
1915:
1906:Irish Canadians
1816:
1811:
1781:
1776:
1770:Greater Toronto
1757:
1745:
1733:
1721:
1710:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1667:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1641:
1619:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1583:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1535:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1515:national origin
1514:
1508:
1506:Black Canadians
1503:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1409:
1407:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1249:
1247:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1153:
1151:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1089:
1087:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1008:
1007:
1003:
990:
989:
985:
947:
946:
942:
904:
903:
886:
876:
874:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
841:
840:
836:
831:
792:
787:
785:
778:
773:
771:
768:
763:
757:
728:
726:
705:
703:
682:
680:
659:
657:
636:
634:
613:
611:
590:
588:
567:
565:
544:
542:
521:
519:
498:
496:
475:
473:
452:
450:
429:
427:
408:
234:
221:
212:
207:
202:
158:Black Canadians
135:
127:Predominantly:
114:
109:
106:Canadian French
59:
41:
35:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3158:
3156:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3122:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3095:
3079:
3063:
3047:
3031:
3015:
2999:
2983:
2967:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2880:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2782:
2780:
2779:Western Europe
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2596:Eastern Europe
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2545:Central Europe
2539:
2533:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2440:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2383:Southeast Asia
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2331:
2325:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2275:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2100:
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2339:Anglo-Indian
2233:Central Asia
2149:Puerto Rican
2138:
1955:North Africa
1600:
1513:By ethnic or
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837:
794:Haiti portal
744:
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597:Saskatchewan
239:
232:Demographics
222:
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168:
56:
43:
37:
30:Ethnic group
3091:Switzerland
2717:Montenegrin
2496:Azerbaijani
2464:Palestinian
2416:Singaporean
2329:Bangladeshi
2047:West Africa
2005:East Africa
1753:Nova Scotia
822:Roxham Road
528:Nova Scotia
205:Immigration
63:2021 Census
3124:Categories
2884:Australian
2758:Portuguese
2712:Macedonian
2671:Lithuanian
2603:Belarusian
2426:Vietnamese
2401:Indonesian
2373:Sri Lankan
2321:South Asia
2210:Venezuelan
2200:Salvadoran
2190:Guatemalan
2038:Zimbabwean
1828:Indigenous
1697:Zimbabwean
1410:30 January
1378:30 January
1346:30 January
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1282:30 January
1250:30 January
1218:30 January
1186:30 January
1154:30 January
1122:30 January
1090:30 January
1058:30 January
1026:30 January
852:8 February
829:References
419:Percentage
416:Population
136:Minority:
2850:Québécois
2697:Bulgarian
2649:Norwegian
2644:Icelandic
2613:Ukrainian
2582:Slovenian
2567:Hungarian
2454:Jordanian
2436:West Asia
2411:Malaysian
2391:Cambodian
2356:Pakistani
2306:Taiwanese
2301:Mongolian
2284:Hong Kong
2271:East Asia
2205:Uruguayan
2185:Colombian
2175:Brazilian
2170:Argentine
2129:Dominican
2119:Barbadian
2112:Caribbean
1941:Ethiopian
1872:Québécois
1565:Ethiopian
1541:Barbadian
978:153604432
935:145587518
210:1960–1980
182:Canadians
100:Languages
2889:Hawaiian
2840:Acadians
2818:Scottish
2732:Yugoslav
2722:Romanian
2702:Croatian
2687:Albanian
2661:Estonian
2552:Austrian
2491:Assyrian
2486:Armenian
2459:Lebanese
2396:Filipino
2291:Japanese
2195:Peruvian
2144:Jamaican
2134:Guyanese
2098:American
2084:Americas
2059:Nigerian
2054:Ghanaian
2017:Sudanese
1994:Egyptian
1982:Tunisian
1977:Moroccan
1967:Algerian
1936:Eritrean
1889:Scottish
1867:Acadians
1729:Montreal
1673:Sudanese
1625:Nigerian
1613:Jamaican
1589:Guyanese
1577:Ghanaian
1553:Eritrean
970:43286320
877:22 March
766:See also
574:Manitoba
413:Province
392:248,748
378:280,691
364:252,174
350:247,246
336:236,753
322:251,640
308:262,242
294:235,823
280:221,349
266:229,048
150:Haitians
122:Religion
2963:Bahamas
2876:Oceania
2808:English
2803:Cornish
2798:British
2791:Flemish
2786:Belgian
2763:Spanish
2753:Maltese
2748:Italian
2727:Serbian
2692:Bosnian
2666:Latvian
2654:Swedish
2639:Finnish
2608:Russian
2523:Turkish
2518:Kurdish
2511:Israeli
2501:Iranian
2406:Laotian
2361:Punjabi
2311:Tibetan
2279:Chinese
2180:Chilean
2139:Haitian
2103:Mexican
1884:English
1879:British
1838:by band
1765:Ontario
1601:Haitian
927:2783949
740:165,095
689:Nunavut
482:Alberta
459:Ontario
440:143,165
422:Source
86:Alberta
82:Ontario
76:Mostly
57:178,990
3075:Mexico
3059:France
2995:Canada
2979:Brazil
2845:Breton
2835:French
2768:Basque
2634:Danish
2577:Slovak
2572:Polish
2562:German
2537:Europe
2506:Jewish
2479:Yemeni
2474:Syrian
2368:Romani
2351:Nepali
2334:Indian
2296:Korean
2246:Kazakh
2241:Afghan
2069:Yoruba
1989:Coptic
1972:Libyan
1962:Berber
1946:Somali
1921:Africa
1821:Canada
1649:Somali
1635:Yoruba
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594:
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548:
525:
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479:
463:17,715
456:
436:Quebec
433:
389:6,208
375:4,552
361:2,085
347:2,509
333:1,614
319:1,650
305:1,719
291:1,657
277:1,945
263:2,217
194:Quebec
190:Canada
180:) are
174:French
78:Quebec
3011:Chile
2857:Irish
2830:Dutch
2823:Welsh
2707:Greek
2587:Swiss
2557:Czech
2469:Saudi
2449:Iraqi
2344:Tamil
2261:Uzbek
2256:Tatar
2251:Tajik
2124:Cuban
1894:Welsh
1850:MĂ©tis
1845:Inuit
974:S2CID
966:JSTOR
931:S2CID
923:JSTOR
712:Yukon
509:1,140
486:2,235
395:2.5%
386:2011
381:1.6%
372:2010
367:0.8%
358:2009
344:2008
339:0.7%
330:2007
325:0.7%
316:2006
311:0.7%
302:2005
297:0.7%
288:2004
283:0.9%
274:2003
260:2002
246:Year
186:Haiti
3027:Cuba
2444:Arab
2421:Thai
2224:Asia
2064:Igbo
1630:Igbo
1412:2020
1380:2020
1348:2020
1316:2020
1284:2020
1252:2020
1220:2020
1188:2020
1156:2020
1124:2020
1092:2020
1060:2020
1028:2020
879:2022
854:2023
745:0.5%
719:0.0%
696:0.0%
673:0.0%
650:0.0%
627:0.0%
604:0.0%
581:0.0%
558:0.0%
535:0.0%
512:0.0%
489:0.1%
466:0.1%
443:1.8%
404:2016
131:and
958:doi
915:doi
601:185
578:235
555:305
532:355
353:1%
269:1%
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