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678:(or Karabela) dress. The dresses are made of a sturdy material that mainly comes in blue and red, which is usually made from an off-the-shoulder top or bodice with a full matching skirt that is embellished with additional ruffles, lace, or rickrack to add color and visual appeal. A head-scarf or turban can also be worn especially in the more rural areas of Haiti for both traditional and day-to-day use. The traditional male attire consists of a wedding shirt (
1016:; (The mereng opens the ball, the mereng closes the ball) alludes to the popularity and ubiquity of the méringue as an elite entertainment. In nineteenth-century Haiti, the ability to dance the méringue, as well as a host of other dances, was considered a sign of good breeding. Like other creolized dance styles, the méringue was claimed by both elite and proletarian Haitian audiences as a representative expression of Haitian cultural values.
654:. This includes pineapples, coconuts, mangoes, and other fruits that are used for many dishes and beverages. Food also has importance in religious and status-symbol type forms. Foods that are considered delicacies in Haiti include French inspired cheeses and meats and are a symbol of money and power. Typically these types of meals are only served in the richest part of Haiti, namely in the capital of
434:
48:
761:). The festivities start in February. The cities are filled with music, parade floats, and people dancing and singing in the streets. Carnival week is traditionally a time of all-night parties and escape from daily life. This is a significant time for Haitian musicians for an opportunity to showcase their talents and expand their audience by performing for Carnival crowds.
647:. They do however have their own flavor as a result of the lack of Spanish influence on their island compared to others in the Caribbean. The cooking style used in Haiti is predominately Creole and includes heavy use of pepper in the majority of their dishes. A main staple in Haiti Is starch, and many of their dishes include potatoes, rice, corn, beans, and plantains.
551:
1335:) argued in favor of a greater respect and appreciation of Haiti's African-rooted, largely oral-based peasant culture. Since then numerous authors and thinkers have documented the country's rich and complex traditional knowledge, whether it be in its approach to education and morality, architecture and construction, or botany and medicine.
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723:. Largely stemmimg from the 1960s, the practice of sending and receiving pepe began. Today, you can find pepe being sold by street vendors at a price that is affordable for most Haitians. The majority of pepe that arrive on the island have been donated by Americans to charities and collection centers."
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perspective, and sly humor characterize
Haitian art. Big, delectable foods and lush landscapes are favorite subjects in this land. Going to market is the most social activity of country life, and figures prominently into the subject matter. Jungle animals, rituals, dances, and gods evoke the African
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Haiti has the potential to become the fashion capital of the
Caribbean due to its recent contributions and success in the industry. Haiti's culture is woven in its use of fabrics and forms of garments, which differs from many other countries, giving more focus towards color and volume with many
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Haiti's textile industry and its moniker ‘Made In Haiti’ has been long-established in being a key export for the country which has focused on low-end commodity apparel through the use of its low-wage sweatshops that have sewed for some of the biggest
American apparel brands such as
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celebrations feature exuberant dancing and movement in the streets. Dancing is also a social activity, used for celebrations such as church socials and informal parties, as well as evenings out with friends. In small restaurants, social dance music is provided by relatively small
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school, which features depictions of daily life in the city, the Jacmel School, which reflects the steep mountains and bays of that coastal town, or the Saint-Soleil School, which is characterized by abstracted human forms, and is heavily influenced by Vodou symbolism.
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Artists paint in fable as well. People are disguised as animals and animals are transformed into people. Symbols take on great meaning. For example, a rooster often represents
Aristide and the red and blue colors of the flag of Haiti, often represent his Lavalas party.
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groups, while larger clubs with big dance floors often feature dance bands reminiscent of the
American big bands in size. Social dance music has been one of the most heavily creolized music forms in Haiti. European dance forms such as the contradanse (kontradans),
1072:) religions is also widely practiced, despite the negative stigma that it carries both in and out of the country. The exact number of Vodou practitioners is unknown; however, it is believed that a large amount of the population practice it, often alongside their
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effort that was initiated after the earthquake. The architecture style became very reasonable and involved minimalistic and functional style to help rebuild the damage in the most efficient way possible. There has also been a strong initiative to build more
847:(Haitian Declaration of Independence). Since then, Haitian literary culture has been ever-growing and vibrant, recognized both at home and abroad with award-winning authors and large-scale literary events locally and internationally.
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Haitian music combines a wide range of influences drawn from the many people who have settled on this
Caribbean island. It reflects French, African rhythms, Spanish elements and others who have inhabited the island of
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Since the earthquake of 2010, architecture has taken a huge turn. With damages at an estimated 10 million dollars, architectural measures were taken immediately. Directly after the earthquake
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1012:(mereng in Creole). Along with the carabinier, the méringue was a favorite dance style of the Haitian elite and was a regular feature at elite dances. The Haitian expression,
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603:, in one of Haiti's National Parks, the structures date from the early 19th century. The buildings were among the first to be built after Haiti's independence from France.
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ruffles which makes it unique; gradually making a name for itself in the fashion industry for its creativity, diversity and sustainability incorporating
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In Haiti, there is a variety of fashion ranging from the more traditional attire to the day-to-day clothing. The traditional female attire consist of
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American
Academy of Political and Social Science; National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection (Library of Congress) (March 1922).
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of the UK gained about 350 architects in 2010 looking to help rebuild Haiti. There was also a great effort made by the U.S. through the
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was a strong believer in the country's folklore and used elements of it to guide his brutal rule of the country during the
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The French influences in Haiti are present in their cuisine, but more so it is representative of their location in the
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2050:. Vol. C. Published by A.L. Hummel for the American Academy of Political and Social Science. pp. 109–202
658:. As far as religious meals go, the Catholics in Haiti typically enjoy more elaborate meals during Christmas Eve.
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faith. Some secular
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in its materials, which has led to a rise in aspiring
Haitian fashion designers throughout the country.
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There is also a strong presence of tropical fruits in their cuisine due to their ability to grow in the
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were introduced to white planter audiences during the colonial period. Musicians, either slaves or
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The typical day-to-day clothes that most
Haitians wear are second-hand clothes that are known as
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The shotgun house of Port-au-Prince became, quite directly, the shotgun house of New Orleans.
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1850:"Sylvio Cator used the Olympics to seek justice decades before Tommie Smith and John Carlos"
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Kelsey, Carl (1921) "The American Intervention in Haiti and the Dominican Republic" in
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is growing in popularity. Hundreds of small football clubs compete at the local level.
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682:) made of lightweight fabrics and are worn untucked with a jacket of any color on top.
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Olympian, Pan American Games medalist and World Indoor Championship Gold Medalist
777:. Many of the youth also attend parties and enjoy themselves at nightclubs called
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1994:"Shotgun geography: the history behind the famous New Orleans elongated house"
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Haiti is similar to the rest of Latin America, in that it is a predominantly
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won the country's first Olympic Medal in the Men's team free rifle at the
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A large sequined Vodou "drapeau" or flag, created by artist George Valris.
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1927:"Barbara Pierre are all working to get details about relatives in Haiti"
1706:"Band's Haitian Fusion Offers Fellow Immigrants a Musical Link to Home"
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traditions. The country has many magical tales that are part of the
1671:. Afropop Worldwide. Archived from the original on 13 November 2007
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Swearing-in ceremony of Haitian Diaspora GwètòDe (Clergy in Vodou)
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was also a popular sport, though its popularity has since faded.
1396:"National History Park – Citadel, Sans the great Souci, Ramiers"
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2047:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
2026:
Plantes médicinales d'Haïti: description, usages et propriétés
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that are designed with health precautions as a huge priority.
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Dancing is an important part of Haitian life. In the case of
1902:"Canadian track legend Bruny Surin named to Order of Canada"
1644:"Échos de diaspora : Haïti au Salon du livre de Paris"
1495:"Vibrant and bright: Haiti's fashion industry is on the up"
1230:
is the first Haitian to win a World Champion Medal at the
1730:
Manuel, Peter with Kenneth Bilby, Michael Largey (2006).
935:, on a recording released in 1955. The name derives from
1733:
Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae
1224:. He is also a former world record holder in the event.
1323:
found its first prominent champion in the ethnographer
783:, (pronounced "deece-ko") (not like the discos of the
1467:"Haiti and the demands of disaster-zone architecture"
1267:
was born in Haiti. She also represented Haiti at the
1216:
was a Haitian Long jumper that won gold in the men's
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The most festive time of the year in Haiti is during
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exist in the country, principally in the capital of
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influences. Styles of music unique to the nation of
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1784:Haiti: A Guide to the People, Politics and Culture
1617:"Livres en folie : " Un bilan satisfaisant ""
1825:"Haitian Medals and Results in the Olympic Games"
512:. These attributions have largely influenced the
1689:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1180:In the early 20th century, it was reported that
967:. It is commonly spelled as it is pronounced as
1173:, scoring the winning goal in the 1–0 upset of
1148:matches that fits a capacity of 30,000 people.
845:Acte de l'Indépendance de la République d'Haïti
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1952:"A Breakthrough Season For Wadeline Jonathas"
458:
8:
1979:Aspects educatifs et moraux du vodou haïtien
1763:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1518:"Learn More About Traditional Haitian Dress"
1124:is the most popular sport in Haiti, though
504:of Amerindian land (which was then renamed
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1877:"Dorival brings Olympian mindset to Rider"
1642:Valérie Marin La Meslée (March 23, 2015).
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465:
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28:
1252:. He also Holds the National Record over
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1992:Richard Campanella (12 February 2014).
1387:
1377:, women who market agricultural produce
1086:Etiquette in Latin America § Haiti
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1542:Barenblat, Ayesha, ed. (3 June 2015).
1158:are former NBA players born in Haiti.
1144:where it is currently used mostly for
587:Haiti's most famous monuments are the
1441:"Architecture from Haiti - ArchDaily"
1232:2001 World Championships in Athletics
7:
2304:List of revolutions and coups d'état
1113:List of Haitian records in athletics
570:Many artists cluster in 'school' of
259:List of revolutions and coups d'état
2124:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
1493:Handy, Gemma, ed. (6 April 2019).
955:or the synthesizer equivalent. In
791:. This term derives from the word
599:in 1982. Situated in the Northern
79:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
25:
1781:Arthur, Charles (2 August 2017).
1046:and approximately 16% professing
765:, a festival which occurs before
2953:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1465:Rose, Steve (14 February 2010).
1014:Mereng ouvri bal, mereng fème ba
817:tradition. The Haitian dictator
669:environmental-friendly processes
432:
46:
1105:List of football clubs in Haiti
741:Kanaval in Jacmel Haiti 2014 03
2240:Anti-Duvalier protest movement
1669:"Music and the Story of Haiti"
1117:Haiti national basketball team
195:Anti-Duvalier protest movement
1:
1516:Iddings, Emily (2017-11-08).
3078:United States Virgin Islands
1109:Haiti national football team
809:Haiti is known for its rich
1167:United States national team
1101:Haitian Football Federation
912:kreyòl, the wildly popular
885:include music derived from
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2839:Culture of North America
1570:The CRUDEM Foundation, Inc
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3053:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
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2213:Unification of Hispaniola
1804:– via Google Books.
1244:Gold Medalist for Canada
947:, and either a solo alto
688:American Eagle Outfitters
622:Architecture for Humanity
168:Unification of Hispaniola
3073:Turks and Caicos Islands
2326:Administrative divisions
2022:Marilise Neptune Rouzier
1977:Claudine Michel (1995).
1544:"Behind "Made in Haiti""
1422:. UNESCO.org. 2010-01-20
1345:Public holidays in Haiti
1302:are of Haitian descent.
1161:Haitian football player
1050:. A small population of
1311:is of Haitian Descent.
889:ceremonial traditions,
843:is the collective text
3003:British Virgin Islands
2262:2010s cholera outbreak
2223:Post-imperial Republic
1029:
923:Very popular today is
869:
839:The first document of
799:Folklore and mythology
742:
704:Levi Strauss & Co.
555:
217:2010s cholera outbreak
178:Post-imperial Republic
2943:Saint Kitts and Nevis
2272:Crisis (2018–present)
1956:trackandfieldnews.com
1321:traditional knowledge
1315:Traditional knowledge
1134:multi-purpose stadium
1097:Haiti at the Olympics
1027:
1006:freed people of color
933:Nemours Jean-Baptiste
920:as its basic rhythm.
864:
740:
611:2010 Haiti earthquake
553:
227:Crisis (2018–present)
2685:Citadelle Laferrière
2652:Water and sanitation
2391:World Heritage Sites
2136:Atlantic slave trade
1736:. pp. 157–158.
1222:1928 Summer Olympics
1208:1924 Summer Olympics
1146:association football
865:Haitian Folk Singer
773:becoming a style of
593:Citadelle Laferrière
500:elements due to the
389:World Heritage Sites
91:Atlantic slave trade
2958:Trinidad and Tobago
2853:Antigua and Barbuda
2476:Chamber of Deputies
2459:Commanders-in-chief
1787:. Interlink Books.
1420:"Heritage in Haiti"
1333:Ainsi parla L'oncle
1171:1950 FIFA World Cup
959:, it is spelled as
597:World Heritage Site
502:French colonization
2893:Dominican Republic
2757:The Unknown Maroon
2571:Telecommunications
2173:Haitian Revolution
2156:Colonial governors
2129:Colonial governors
1906:runningmagazine.ca
1829:Olympian Data Base
1566:"Fashion in Haiti"
1360:Haitian literature
1329:So spoke the uncle
1306:Professional boxer
1275:2020 Olympic Games
1269:2008 Olympic Games
1242:1996 Olympic Games
1130:Stade Sylvio Cator
1042:country, with 80%
1030:
931:, made popular by
870:
841:Haitian literature
835:Haitian literature
743:
601:Massif de la Hotte
558:Brilliant colors,
556:
128:Haitian Revolution
111:Colonial governors
84:Colonial governors
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3085:
2975:other territories
2805:
2804:
2765:
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2742:Sans-Souci Palace
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2588:
2520:
2519:
2483:Political parties
2427:Foreign relations
2399:
2398:
2299:List of massacres
2289:COVID-19 pandemic
2267:Hurricane Matthew
1281:Wadeline Jonathas
1034:Religion in Haiti
877:and minor native
867:Manno Charlemagne
805:Haitian mythology
595:, inscribed as a
589:Sans-Souci Palace
475:
474:
254:List of massacres
244:COVID-19 pandemic
222:Hurricane Matthew
16:(Redirected from
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3099:Culture of Haiti
3043:Saint Barthélemy
2973:Dependencies and
2846:Sovereign states
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2235:Duvalier dynasty
2146:Peace of Ryswick
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1350:Museums in Haiti
1327:, who's seminal
1192:Ludovic Valborge
1188:Ludovic Augustin
1152:Samuel Dalembert
1080:Social etiquette
941:electric guitars
893:parading music,
823:Duvalier dynasty
749:(referred to as
733:Haitian Carnival
652:tropical climate
627:open-air clinics
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439:Haiti portal
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207:2004 coup d'état
202:1991 coup d'état
190:Duvalier dynasty
101:Peace of Ryswick
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2747:Public holidays
2737:National anthem
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2585:
2559:
2516:
2449:Law enforcement
2395:
2331:Arrondissements
2308:
2294:2021 earthquake
2257:2010 earthquake
2228:U.S. occupation
2119:Taíno chiefdoms
2100:
2091:
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1399:
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1389:
1384:
1355:Cinema of Haiti
1341:
1325:Jean Price-Mars
1317:
1165:played for the
1163:Joseph Gaetjens
1119:
1093:
1088:
1082:
1036:
1022:
859:
853:
851:Music and dance
837:
831:
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735:
729:
664:
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639:Haitian cuisine
635:
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532:as well as the
471:
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367:
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266:
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249:2021 earthquake
212:2010 earthquake
183:U.S. occupation
74:Taíno chiefdoms
62:
61:
23:
22:
18:Haitian culture
15:
12:
11:
5:
3112:
3110:
3102:
3101:
3091:
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3084:
3083:
3081:
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3075:
3070:
3065:
3063:Sint Eustatius
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3008:Cayman Islands
3005:
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2714:
2713:
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2710:Haitian French
2707:
2705:Haitian Creole
2697:
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2500:Prime Minister
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2151:Saint-Domingue
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2013:
1998:Times-Picayune
1984:
1981:. p. 112.
1969:
1958:. 11 July 2020
1943:
1918:
1893:
1868:
1841:
1816:
1814:Kelsey, p. 120
1807:
1793:
1770:
1742:
1722:
1710:New York Times
1696:
1660:
1634:
1623:. May 27, 2016
1621:Le Nouvelliste
1608:
1583:
1572:. 2 March 2014
1557:
1534:
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1457:
1432:
1408:
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1378:
1372:
1367:
1365:Media of Haiti
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1337:
1316:
1313:
1300:Elvis Dumervil
1265:Barbara Pierre
1228:Dudley Dorival
1200:Astrel Rolland
1196:Destin Destine
1156:Olden Polynice
1138:Port-au-Prince
1092:
1089:
1084:Main article:
1081:
1078:
1060:Port-au-Prince
1044:Roman Catholic
1032:Main article:
1021:
1018:
857:Music of Haiti
855:Main article:
852:
849:
833:Main article:
830:
827:
803:Main article:
800:
797:
787:), and attend
775:Carnival music
755:Haitian Creole
731:Main article:
728:
725:
663:
660:
656:Port-au-Prince
637:Main article:
634:
631:
584:
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574:, such as the
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2622:Ethnic groups
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2548:External debt
2546:
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2536:
2535:
2532:
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2523:
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2512:Supreme Court
2510:
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2346:Deforestation
2344:
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2219:
2218:Second Empire
2216:
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2204:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2178:1804 massacre
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2168:Le Jeune Case
2166:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2147:
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2142:
2139:
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2074:
2069:
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2065:
2049:
2048:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2010:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1985:
1980:
1973:
1970:
1957:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1932:
1928:
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1794:9781566563598
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1760:
1745:
1743:9781592134649
1739:
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1711:
1707:
1704:Wise, Brian.
1700:
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1445:Archdaily.com
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1370:Tezin Nan Dlo
1368:
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1310:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1296:Pierre Garçon
1293:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1278:Gold Medalist
1276:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1234:in the men's
1233:
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1204:Eloi Metullus
1201:
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1048:Protestantism
1045:
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173:Second Empire
171:
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133:1804 massacre
131:
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123:Le Jeune Case
121:
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3068:Sint Maarten
3048:Saint Martin
2912:
2675:Coat of arms
2661:
2642:Social class
2612:Demographics
2543:Central bank
2437:Human rights
2417:Constitution
2183:First Empire
2052:. Retrieved
2046:
2025:
2016:
2008:
2001:. Retrieved
1997:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1955:
1946:
1934:. Retrieved
1930:
1921:
1909:. Retrieved
1905:
1896:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:
1871:
1859:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1828:
1819:
1810:
1798:. Retrieved
1783:
1747:. Retrieved
1732:
1725:
1713:. Retrieved
1709:
1699:
1673:. Retrieved
1663:
1651:. Retrieved
1647:
1637:
1625:. Retrieved
1620:
1611:
1599:. Retrieved
1595:
1586:
1574:. Retrieved
1569:
1560:
1548:. Retrieved
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1521:
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1488:
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1472:The Guardian
1470:
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1444:
1435:
1424:. Retrieved
1400:. Retrieved
1398:. UNESCO.org
1390:
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1318:
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1289:
1283:was born in
1273:
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1248:was born in
1240:
1236:110m Hurdles
1226:
1214:Silvio Cator
1212:
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1182:cockfighting
1179:
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945:synthesizers
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712:Ralph Lauren
692:Calvin Klein
684:
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583:Architecture
569:
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478:
476:
414:Coat of arms
138:First Empire
26:
3038:Puerto Rico
2948:Saint Lucia
2898:El Salvador
2553:Foreign aid
2538:Agriculture
2442:LGBT rights
2361:Environment
2356:Earthquakes
2351:Departments
2282:2022 crisis
1962:14 February
1936:14 February
1911:14 February
1886:14 February
1861:14 February
1834:14 February
1596:Paolo Woods
1331:(in French
1309:Andre Berto
1250:Cap-Haïtien
1246:Bruny Surin
961:konpa dirèk
576:Cap-Haïtien
546:Haitian art
479:culture of
237:2022 crisis
3033:Montserrat
3028:Martinique
3023:Guadeloupe
2878:Costa Rica
2752:Television
2717:Literature
2560:(currency)
2466:Parliament
2432:Government
2366:Hispaniola
1749:28 January
1715:24 January
1601:8 December
1576:8 December
1550:29 January
1527:8 December
1501:29 January
1426:2010-01-23
1402:2010-01-23
1382:References
1375:Madan Sara
1126:basketball
1095:See also:
963:or simply
908:movement,
875:Hispaniola
829:Literature
771:rara music
759:Mardi Gras
618:Article 25
536:of Haiti.
522:literature
357:Television
327:Literature
3018:Greenland
2933:Nicaragua
2908:Guatemala
2732:Mythology
2700:Languages
2647:Squatting
2617:Education
2581:Transport
2488:President
2422:Elections
2314:Geography
2206:1820–1849
2201:1806–1820
2197:Republic
1759:cite book
1653:April 29,
1627:April 29,
1218:Long Jump
1074:Christian
1040:Christian
994:quadrille
989:twoubadou
949:saxophone
902:mini-jazz
895:twoubadou
727:Festivals
708:Nordstrom
680:guayabera
676:Quadrille
645:Caribbean
534:languages
488:blend of
486:creolized
382:Monuments
282:Languages
161:1820–1849
156:1806–1820
152:Republic
3093:Category
2983:Anguilla
2918:Honduras
2888:Dominica
2863:Barbados
2792:Category
2632:Religion
2454:Military
2405:Politics
2386:Wildlife
2277:Gang war
2114:Timeline
2098:articles
2024:(1998).
2003:29 April
1855:Andscape
1800:2 August
1685:cite web
1546:. Remake
1478:2 August
1450:2 August
1339:See also
1319:Haiti's
1294:players
1285:Gonaïves
1122:Football
1020:Religion
1010:méringue
980:Carnival
918:méringue
819:Papa Doc
811:folklore
747:Carnival
591:and the
572:painting
530:religion
494:European
313:Religion
232:Gang war
69:Timeline
34:a series
32:Part of
3013:Curaçao
2998:Bonaire
2993:Bermuda
2923:Jamaica
2903:Grenada
2858:Bahamas
2776:Outline
2690:Cuisine
2662:Culture
2595:Society
2576:Tourism
2566:Poverty
2558:Gourde
2526:Economy
2371:Islands
2193:Kingdom
2163:Slavery
2141:Maroons
2106:History
2037:Sources
1675:24 July
1290:Former
1220:at the
1175:England
1169:in the
1132:is the
1052:Muslims
910:hip hop
898:ballads
751:Kanaval
662:Fashion
633:Cuisine
518:cuisine
490:African
402:Symbols
306:Cuisine
148:Kingdom
118:Slavery
96:Maroons
59:History
2938:Panama
2928:Mexico
2873:Canada
2868:Belize
2797:Portal
2680:Cinema
2637:People
2627:Health
2471:Senate
2381:Rivers
2341:Cities
2336:Border
2096:
2054:8 June
1791:
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1592:"PÈPÈ"
1258:Canada
1115:, and
1091:Sports
1056:Hindus
1000:, and
957:Creole
937:compás
925:compas
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914:compas
793:ballad
780:discos
767:Easter
607:Jacmel
563:past.
510:revolt
362:Cinema
290:French
272:People
36:on the
2988:Aruba
2913:Haiti
2783:Index
2727:Music
2722:Media
2607:Crime
2188:State
2094:Haiti
1497:. BBC
1142:Haiti
1070:Taíno
1066:Vodou
1002:polka
998:waltz
976:Vodou
969:kompa
965:konpa
906:rasin
887:Vodou
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700:Hanes
560:naïve
526:music
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481:Haiti
373:Sport
352:Radio
344:Media
334:Music
143:State
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2883:Cuba
2695:Flag
2505:List
2493:List
2056:2011
2005:2017
1964:2022
1938:2022
1931:ESPN
1913:2022
1888:2022
1863:2022
1836:2022
1802:2017
1789:ISBN
1765:link
1751:2014
1738:ISBN
1717:2015
1691:link
1677:2013
1655:2017
1629:2017
1603:2022
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