195:(sometimes Martin) developed the rod grenade. "A simple rod was attached to a specialized grenade, inserted into the barrel of a standard service rifle and launched using a blank cartridge." However, the British did not immediately adopt the idea and entered World War I without any rifle grenades. As soon as
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Although a simple approach, launching a rod grenade "...placed an extreme amount of stress on the rifle barrel and the rifle itself, resulting in the need to dedicate specific rifles to the grenade launching role, as they quickly became useless as an accurate firearm. This led to the search for an
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By 1915 Hale had developed the No. 3, which is commonly known as the Hales rifle grenade. The Hales grenade was improved throughout World War I to make it more reliable and easier to manufacture. However, production of the grenade was slow. In order to speed rod grenades to the front, the
British
268:
The No. 20 was similar to the No. 3, but its main difference was that it lacked No. 3's vane. In theory this was supposed to make it more reliable than the No. 3 and the main problem of the design was the choice of explosive used. Instead of Tonite or TNT, the No. 20 used
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alternative and resulted in the reappearance of the cup launcher during the latter years of World War I." After World War I, the rod-type rifle grenade was declared obsolete and the remaining Hales were replaced with Mills bombs shot from a rifle via a cup launcher.
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To fire the No. 3, the user would fit the grenade into the rifle, insert the detonator, lay the rifle on the ground in the correct position, remove the safety pin, pull back the safety pin collar, insert a special blank round into the rifle, then fire.
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Practically, the vane was a significant problem; it was hard to align properly and adverse weather, such as rain, strong winds or even a particle of dust could prevent the vane from operating correctly, which caused a failure.
246:, the No. 3 needed a special detonator that was difficult to manufacture. This detonator was also used in the No. 2 grenade and was very similar to the one in the No. 1 grenade, which made it harder to mass-produce.
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The No. 20 had two variants, the Mk I and II. The Mk I had a solid steel cylinder body, very similar to the No. 3, while the Mk II used a weldless steel tube and had circumferential grooves for fragmentation.
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With variants that lack the vale, the grenade was activated in exactly the same way as the ones that have a vale, but the user did not need to remove the safety pin collar, as it lacks one.
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The No. 3 had several problems; it was difficult to manufacture, as it required precision and was made up of many parts. Another problem occurred with the detonators; like the
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There were two variants of the No. 24, the Mk I and II. The Mk I used the No. 20 Mk II's body, while the Mk II incorporated a cast iron body that has no external grooves.
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The No. 3 started off as the No. 3 Mk I. It has an externally segmented body and a wind vane designed to help activate the detonator in mid flight. It uses either
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The No. 24 was essentially a No. 20 with a less sensitive percussion cap and refined ammonite that did not corrode the brass parts of the grenade.
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While an improvement over the No. 3, the No. 20 still had design flaws, and the No. 24 was introduced to address some of the remaining problems.
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started, however, there was a sudden need for rifle grenades. The
British government purchased a rodded variant of the
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Once these problems became well known, further development was begun. The No. 20 was the result of these refinements.
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In 1918 the No. 35 was introduced. This was a No. 24 MK II that had a detonator holder that used a small arms
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The Hales went through many variations in order to make it more cost effective and effective.
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414:"Evolution and Demise of the Rod Grenade - Inert-Ord.net"
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No. 42, No. 43 (Night), No 48, No 52 Signal
Grenades
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20th-century military history of the United
Kingdom
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257:, which caused many premature detonations.
1133:World War I grenades of the United Kingdom
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502:Variants of the Hales rifle grenade family
108:1 lb 5 oz (No. 3), 1 lb 8 oz (No. 20 Mk I)
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23:Hales rifle grenade (Nos. 3, 20, 24, 35)
570:Nos. 3, 20, 24, 35 "Hales rifle grenade"
497:Pictures of the No 35 and its components
885:Nos. 3, 20, 24, 35 Hales rifle grenades
744:Short Magazine Lee–Enfield (SMLE) rifle
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253:The No. 3 also had an overly sensitive
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412:Inert-Ord.net, Copyright 2001-2003 -.
806:Pattern 1897 infantry officer's sword
391:1922 Who's Who In Engineering: Name H
7:
132:for No. 20 and grenades based on it.
595:Nos. 8, 9 double cylinder "jam tin"
14:
207:also made rodded versions of the
739:Magazine Lee-Enfield (MLE) rifle
162:. All of these are based on the
773:Webley .455" Revolver Mk. IV–VI
315:(Mexican pattern' hand grenade)
788:Smith & Wesson Triple Lock
487:More detailed look at the No 3
341:Ainslie, "Hand Grenades" p.24.
332:Ainslie, "Hand Grenades" p.6 .
158:used by British forces during
1:
565:No. 2 grenade "Hales Pattern"
482:Image of a No3 Rifle Grenade
492:Pictures of the No 24 Mk II
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816:Pattern 1908 cavalry sword
778:Webley .455" Pistol Mk. I
466:Weapons of the Trench War
446:Weapons of the Trench War
379:Weapons of the Trench War
361:Weapons of the Trench War
203:as a temporary solution.
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40:Place of origin
1046:Vickers 1.57-inch mortar
154:is the name for several
575:Nos. 5, 23, 36 "Mills"
303:and a shorter striker.
16:Percussion cap grenade
1079:Leach trench catapult
1056:Garland trench mortar
395:www.gracesguide.co.uk
193:Frederick Marten Hale
1061:3-inch Stokes mortar
1051:2-inch medium mortar
1007:No. 32 "Spherical E"
821:Pattern 1913 bayonet
811:Pattern 1907 bayonet
749:Pattern 1914 Enfield
626:No. 74 "sticky bomb"
540:British grenades of
1002:No. 32 Night Signal
844:Vickers machine gun
631:No. 75 AT "Hawkins"
585:No. 15 ball grenade
152:Hales rifle grenade
144:Percussion cap fuse
961:No. 21 "Spherical"
716:small arms of the
667:Bomb, ground, 6 lb
239:as its explosive.
179:Operation variants
79:Production history
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1071:Grenade launchers
997:No. 31 Day Signal
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616:No. 68 AT (rifle)
418:www.inert-ord.net
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53:In service
48:Service history
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476:External links
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100:Specifications
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61:Used by
1112:.455 Webley
734:Lee–Metford
657:No. 77 (WP)
652:No. 76 (WP)
542:World War I
160:World War I
73:World War I
1127:Categories
1099:Cartridges
1089:Sauterelle
992:No. 29 Gas
903:Nos. 8, 9
755:Ross Rifle
662:Lewes bomb
464:Saunders,
444:Saunders,
377:Saunders,
359:Saunders,
320:References
209:Mills bomb
138:Detonation
945:Opera hat
854:Lewis gun
839:Maxim gun
609:Anti-tank
301:cartridge
191:In 1907,
170:Operation
140:mechanism
87:1915–1918
976:Sangster
765:Sidearms
426:cite web
307:See also
271:ammonite
219:Variants
166:design.
92:Produced
84:Designed
1038:Mortars
1025:No. 39
1012:No. 34
974:No. 25
966:No. 22
943:No. 17
935:No. 16
927:No. 15
921:Pitcher
919:No. 14
911:No. 13
905:Jam Tin
468:, p.100
187:History
130:Ammonal
118:Filling
35:grenade
1020:No. 37
982:No. 27
956:No. 19
951:No. 18
913:Battye
877:No. 2
726:Rifles
590:No. 69
544:&
448:, p.98
381:, p.97
363:, p.99
295:No. 35
284:No. 24
264:No. 20
233:Tonite
122:Tonite
95:1915-?
56:1915-?
898:No. 6
892:Mills
872:No. 1
751:rifle
227:No. 3
164:No. 3
937:Oval
929:Ball
432:link
393:via
150:The
124:and
105:Mass
69:Wars
29:Type
1014:Egg
237:TNT
235:or
126:TNT
1129::
453:^
428:}}
424:{{
416:.
402:^
368:^
346:^
211:.
706:e
699:t
692:v
533:e
526:t
519:v
434:)
420:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.