760:
61:
158:
2166:
2082:
2118:
2154:
2142:
165:
186:
2094:
2130:
291:
1456:
913:
366:
32:
2106:
752:
907:
The HRT telescope has been installed in March 2013 in
Guanajuato, Mexico at the LaLuz Observatory of the University of Guanajuato. It is now in successful operation under its new name TIGRE. The costs and observing time are shared according to a trilateral agreement between the Universities of Liege,
319:
Funding for a new
Observatory was approved in August 1821, on the condition J. G. Repsold built the instruments. The new observatory was completed in 1825 next to the Millerntor. However, in 1830 Repsold died while fighting a fire (he was also a Hamburg fireman) and the City of Hamburg voted to take
1033:
Due to the difficult economic situation of the observatory, the "Förderverein
Hamburger Sternwarte e.V." was founded in 1998. The goals of the association are primarily to preserve the buildings and astronomical equipment of the observatory in accordance with the preservation order. In addition, it
240:
since 1968, although it was founded in 1825 by the City of
Hamburg and moved to its present location in 1912. It has operated telescopes at Bergedorf, at two previous locations in Hamburg, at other observatories around the world, and it has also supported space missions.
1024:
filmed a music video called 'Starry Night' both inside and outside the observatory buildings. It features the
Equatorial refractor telescope as well as the library and garden areas. He also sang at the 100th anniversary exhibition 'Vision Sternwarte'.
271:), a long telescope with a lens (60 cm/~23.6 in aperture) with a tube focal length of 9 meters (~10 yards), and there is also a smaller one from the 19th century that has survived. Another historical item of significance is the first and original
401:
The
Hamburg 1 m Reflector (39″/100 cm objective aperture) was the world's fourth largest reflector when it began operations in 1911. Catalogs include the AGK3-Sternkatalog (completed over 1956-1964)
998:
to have
Schmidt camera installed in 1937, and it was completed in 1954 after work restarted on in 1951 after being interrupted by WWII. Walter Baade also succeeded in having a Schmidt camera built at
733:
mirror reflected something like 2/3 of the light, and the lens telescopes were popular for their virtues but had enormous and expensive domes due to their long focal length (also they had issues with
420:
The 1 meter reflector at
Hamburg Observatory was the largest by aperture in Germany, and one of the largest in Europe, and was also among the largest telescopes of any type in the World at that time.
391:
control that allows the aperture to be adjusted from 5 to 60 cm. Two lens were produced by
Steinheil, one for photography and another for visual observing, both delivered in the early 1910s.
1457:"Stock Photo - Hamburg, Germany. 19th June, 2019. The Great Refractor building was reopened on 19.06.2019 after a phase of modernisation. The observatory has one of the largest telescopes in"
387:
Two new instruments for the
Bergedorf location were the 60 cm (~23.6 inch) aperture Great Refractor by Reposold, and Meridian Circle. One unique feature of Hamburg Great Refractor is an
1052:
741:
311:
built by Repsold . However, it was destroyed in 1811 by a war. Repsold, Reinke, and J.C. von Hess submitted a proposal to Hamburg for city observatory that same year, to rebuild.
381:, in 1906 it was decided to move the observatory to Bergedorf. In 1909 the first instruments were moved there, and in 1912 the new observatory was officially dedicated.
263:(first light 1911) was one of the biggest telescopes in Europe at that time, and by some measures the fourth largest in the World. The Observatory also has an old style
729:
Note that the prevailing glass mirror technology at this time was silver-coated glass, not vapour-deposited aluminium which did not debut until several decades later.
1509:
2191:
2186:
1607:
Tobin, William (1987). "Foucault's invention of the silvered-glass reflecting telescope and the history of his 80-cm reflector at the observatoire de Marseille".
1375:
398:(ESO) was founded at Bergedorf in 1962. That organization put a lot telescopes in the southern hemisphere, which is not as viewable from northern part of Earth.
1418:
344:
94:
1968:
384:
One of the overall design elements of Bergeforf, is that each instrument was placed in its own building, rather than integrated in one large building.
307:
built in 1802, originally located at the Stintfang in Hamburg. It was built in the city with permission of the Congress. It started in 1803, and had a
2216:
1392:
2053:
1721:
1121:
1941:
1269:
1138:
777:
telescope with an objective diameter (60 cm) and focal length (9 m). By Repsold, and with optics from Steinheil. (The observatory's
2211:
1331:
157:
1047:
1502:"New York Times "NEW HARVARD TELESCOPE.; Sixty-Inch Reflector, Biggest in the World, Being Set Up. "April 6, 1905, Thursday", Page 9"
1878:
333:
337:
1737:
1295:
935:
838:
656:
321:
278:
Among its achievements, the director of the Observatory won the 1854 Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society for an 1852
2196:
189:
759:
1501:
2206:
957:
395:
2072:
350:
In 1876 funding was received for 'The Equatorial', a 27 cm (11 in) refractor; it was later moved to Bergedorf.
87:
2013:("The Hamburg Observatory"), Report on the Hamburg Observatory by R. Schorr, English Translation by Hamburg Observatory
2201:
614:
586:
465:
294:
The 1-meter Reflector, the biggest telescope by aperture in Germany for many years, and one of the top largest in 1911
1556:
855:
with 1.20 m aperture diameter and a focal length of 15.60m in the Cassegrain focus. Built in 1975 and refurbished as
1422:
1034:
does public relations work and aims to open up parts of the site to the public in the future. The application for a
784:
The Equatorial, a refractor with aperture of 26 cm and focal length. Built in the 1870s and moved to Bergedorf.
2044:
J. Schramm, Sterne über Hamburg - Die Geschichte der Astronomie in Hamburg, 2. überarbeite und erweiterte Auflage,
1689:
1190:
503:
54:
49:
877:
873:
476:
353:
After the move to Bergedorf, the site was partially demolished and rebuilt into the Museum of Hamburg History (
1347:
848:
409:. In 1979 a small museum to Bernard Schmidt was inaugurated. In 2012, 100 years at Bergedorf was celebrated.
891:
652:
538:
842:
898:
867:
489:
1071:
687:
673:
516:
233:
42:
2019:("The annual report for the Bergedorf Observatory for 1906), English Translation by Hamburg Observatory
990:
worked at the Observatory including making telescopes, instruments, and observations starting in 1916.
801:
1841:
1663:
1616:
1226:
929:
788:
734:
571:
304:
969:
832:
2146:
1396:
1035:
999:
260:
60:
2134:
2122:
1902:
1817:
1010:
962:
600:
527:
406:
2031:
1273:
1105:
2049:
2027:
1874:
1849:
1717:
1671:
1632:
1475:
1234:
1117:
995:
863:
856:
629:
272:
245:
1251:
2158:
2098:
1624:
1109:
1097:
983:
941:
852:
841:(DFG) in 1973. 23 cm diameter aperture and 205.3 cm focal length. It was built by
763:
This building housed the Hamburg Meridian Circle, which was used to calculate the local time
709:
683:
575:
388:
1487:
795:
774:
609:
558:
484:
460:
378:
325:
308:
264:
212:
1582:
1270:"A short history of the Hamburg Observatory—Principal Instruments of Hamburg Observatory"
1845:
1667:
1620:
1230:
1168:
2170:
2086:
987:
947:
813:
730:
642:
511:
279:
1800:
1741:
1531:
1443:
2180:
1651:
1628:
1299:
1214:
1098:
1006:
974:
953:
618:
590:
542:
354:
232:
borough of the city of Hamburg in northern Germany. It is owned and operated by the
2165:
2110:
1916:
1113:
1017:
991:
412:
In 2019, the Great Refractor building was re-open in June after it was modernized.
253:
249:
222:
1868:
1711:
805:
225:
2041:. In: Lichtwark-Heft Nr. 58. Hrsg. Lichtwark-Ausschuß, Hamburg-Bergedorf, 1993.
1775:
1894:
902:
819:
809:
493:
329:
1853:
1675:
1636:
1238:
347:
for year, for his 1852 Star catalog, which had the positions of 12000 stars.
109:
96:
1021:
698:
441:
229:
72:
1762:
825:
Astrograph, with 8.5 cm objective, focal length 2.06 m. Built in 1924.
252:
at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg on 23 October 1924. That asteroid,
2153:
1560:
1038:, which has been running since 2012, is an important focus of their work.
185:
2026:. In: Lichtwark-Heft Nr. 73. Verlag HB-Werbung, Hamburg-Bergedorf, 2008.
434:
320:
over and continue running the observatory in 1833. First director became
890:
In 1968 a 38 cm reflector was set up by the Hamburg Observatory at
870:
in 1976, with the Oskar-Lühning taking over its spot in the Observatory.
303:
The precursor of Hamburg Observatory was a quasi-private observatory by
2017:
Einleitung zum Jahresbericht der Sternwarte Bergedorf für das Jahr 1906
669:
290:
237:
80:
76:
912:
837:
Photographic refractor (Zonenastrograph), an instrument funded by the
365:
198:
31:
2105:
2045:
911:
758:
751:
750:
364:
289:
1652:"The Great Melbourne Telescope and other 19th-century Reflectors"
1393:"Hamburger Sternwarte - Buildings & Telescopes: 1m Reflector"
1320:
Charles Rümker, Erster Sternwartendirektor in Hamburg (in German)
831:, the first Schmidt telescope by Bernhard Schmidt. Now part of a
2065:
138:
1807:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
1969:"In die Sterne schauen, Gedichten lauschen und Musik genießen"
1139:"Mathematicians Say Asteroid May Hit Earth in a Million Years"
755:
Saturn through the Lippert telescope in 2005 (CC 2.0 License)
908:
Guanajuato and Hamburg, the latter still leading the effort.
737:
that were solved in a different way by reflecting designs).
373:, a 1-meter reflecting telescope at Bergedorf Observatory
1009:
made many observations at Hamburg until he left for the
336:
became assistant director in 1834. In 1856 Rümker's son
248:
was discovered at this Observatory by German astronomer
1994:
1053:
List of largest optical telescopes in the 20th century
956:(1941–1968) 1962 became 1st head of the newly formed
742:
List of largest optical telescopes in the 20th century
2070:
1834:
Mitteilungen der Astronomischen Gesellschaft Hamburg
822:. The largest telescope in Germany from 1911 to 1920
1656:
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
818:1 Meter Reflector Telescope, activated in 1911. By
133:
125:
86:
68:
48:
38:
1967:Hamburg, Hamburger Abendblatt- (13 August 2011).
1738:"Hamburger Sternwarte - Buildings and Telescopes"
880:. It was tested in 2002, and went online in 2005.
1252:J.G. Repsold, the founder of Hamburg observatory
1171:. Hamburg University – Hamburg Observatory. 2011
1163:
1161:
1159:
1219:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
328:to build the first Australian observatory at
8:
1583:"Mt. Hamilton Telescopes: CrossleyTelescope"
1264:
1262:
1260:
1096:Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1036) Ganymed".
791:with 8 m focal length and 40 cm mirror.
256:is about 20 miles (35 km) in diameter.
24:
2039:Die Bergedorfer Sternwarte im Dritten Reich
1867:Donald E. Osterbrock; Walter Baade (2001).
1801:"Rümker, Christian Carl Ludwig (1788–1862)"
1713:British University Observatories, 1772-1939
901:in 1976. Some work was done with data from
164:
1444:100 100 Years of the Observatory Bergedorf
1213:Anderson, S. R.; Engels, D. (April 2004).
798:built in 1907. (by A. Repsold & Söhne)
427:
59:
23:
1532:"Largest optical telescopes of the world"
275:, a type noted for its wide-field views.
173:Location of Hamburg-Bergedorf Observatory
1716:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 252.
1419:"A Short History of Hamburg Observatory"
1348:"A SHORT HISTORY OF HAMBURG OBSERVATORY"
1215:"A short history of Hamburg Observatory"
897:The aforementioned Schmidt was moved to
2077:
1063:
433:
424:Largest telescopes (all types) in 1911)
405:In 1968 the observatory became part of
357:/ Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte).
1905:from the original on 21 December 2021.
1483:
1473:
1104:. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p.
2192:Buildings and structures in Bergedorf
2187:Astronomical observatories in Germany
2024:Die Hamburger Sternwarte in Bergedorf
1370:
1368:
1296:"Hamburger Sternwarte : History"
1195:. Science History Publications. 2005.
7:
1870:Walter Baade: A Life in Astrophysics
1192:Journal for the History of Astronomy
1169:"Telescopes and photographic plates"
1137:Browne, Malcolm W. (25 April 1996).
340:became director of the observatory.
1995:"Förderverein Hamburger Sternwarte"
1512:from the original on 10 August 2016
916:Location of telescopes at Bergedorf
1832:"Nachrufe : Alfred Weigert".
1805:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1048:List of astronomical observatories
866:was finished in 1954 and moved to
808:refractors on one mount. Built by
14:
1650:Gascoigne, S. C. B. (June 1996).
657:Astrophysical Observatory Potsdam
345:Gold Medal from the Royal Society
334:Christian August Friedrich Peters
2164:
2152:
2140:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2092:
2080:
1100:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
184:
163:
156:
30:
1942:"Bergedorfs Stern in Südafrika"
839:Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
16:Observatory in Hamburg, Germany
2217:1909 establishments in Germany
2046:Kultur- & Geschichtskontor
1873:. Princeton University Press.
1690:"1914Obs....37..245H Page 248"
1114:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1037
1020:pop star, singer and composer
925:Directors of the Observatory:
1:
1336:. Macmillan Journals Limited.
1272:. Uni-Hamburg. Archived from
958:European Southern Observatory
921:People of Hamburg Observatory
708:Grand Lunette Biscoffscheim,
396:European Southern Observatory
343:In 1854 Carl Rumaker won the
25:Hamburg-Bergedorf Observatory
1629:10.1016/0083-6656(87)90015-8
1330:Lockyer, Sir Norman (1911).
994:successfully petitioned the
936:Christian Karl Ludwig Rümker
1948:(in German). 16 August 2020
466:Harvard College Observatory
2233:
2212:Science museums in Germany
1946:www.bergedorfer-zeitung.de
938:(director from 1833–1857)
739:
615:Mount Hamilton, California
587:Mount Hamilton, California
377:Because of the increasing
2011:Die Hamburger Sternwarte.
1780:www.physik.uni-hamburg.de
1376:"The Hamburg Observatory"
944:(director from 1857–1900)
874:Hamburg Robotic Telescope
552:Hamburg 1 Meter Reflector
504:Great Melbourne Telescope
454:Harvard 60-inch Reflector
195:
182:
151:
29:
1072:"1036 Ganymed (1924 TD)"
878:Halfmann Teleskoptechnik
661:80 cm + 50 cm
653:Potsdam Großer Refraktor
634:83 cm + 62 cm
361:Bergedorf (1912–present)
190:Related media on Commons
1819:Encyclopædia Britannica
1710:Roger Hutchins (2008).
968:Co-Director with Behr:
849:Oskar-Lühning Telescope
794:The Meridian Circle, a
773:The Great Refractor, a
539:Williams Bay, Wisconsin
1763:Stephanion Observatory
917:
899:Calar Alto Observatory
892:Stephanion Observatory
868:Calar Alto Observatory
764:
756:
490:Mt. Wilson Observatory
477:Hale 60-Inch Telescope
374:
315:Millerntor (1825–1906)
295:
216:
2197:University of Hamburg
1776:"Hamburg Observatory"
1352:www.hs.uni-hamburg.de
915:
843:Carl Zeiss Oberkochen
762:
754:
740:Further information:
688:Marseille Observatory
674:Deutsches Kaiserreich
517:Melbourne Observatory
368:
299:Stintfang (1802–1811)
293:
234:University of Hamburg
50:Observatory code
43:University of Hamburg
2207:Education in Hamburg
1901:. 11 November 2009.
930:Johann Georg Repsold
735:chromatic aberration
572:James Lick telescope
555:100 cm (39.37″)
324:who had accompanied
305:Johann Georg Repsold
259:The Hamburg 1-meter
218:Hamburger Sternwarte
2066:Hamburg Observatory
1846:1993MitAG..76...11.
1668:1996QJRAS..37..101G
1621:1987VA.....30..153T
1609:Vistas in Astronomy
1563:on 25 February 2009
1276:on 13 February 2012
1231:2004JBAA..114...78A
1076:Minor Planet Center
1036:World Heritage Site
1000:Palomar Observatory
876:(HRT) was built by
787:Salvador Mirror, a
261:reflector telescope
209:Hamburg Observatory
106: /
26:
2202:Museums in Hamburg
1744:on 25 January 2008
1506:The New York Times
1486:has generic name (
1399:on 7 February 2012
1143:The New York Times
1011:Vienna Observatory
986:, inventor of the
918:
885:Offsite telescopes
765:
757:
714:77 cm (30.3″)
692:80 cm (31.5")
603:(Lick Observatory)
601:Crossley Reflector
528:Yerkes Observatory
407:Hamburg University
375:
296:
2054:978-3-9811271-8-8
1973:www.abendblatt.de
1723:978-0-7546-3250-4
1123:978-3-540-00238-3
864:Schmidt telescope
857:robotic telescope
802:Lippert Telescope
727:
726:
699:Marseille, France
636:(32.67" + 24.40")
630:Paris Observatory
610:reflector – glass
606:91.4 cm(36″)
559:reflector – glass
532:102 cm (40″)
512:reflector – metal
485:reflector – glass
461:reflector – glass
449:Extant or Active
431:Name/Observatory
416:1-meter reflector
273:Schmidt telescope
246:near-Earth object
206:
205:
110:53.480°N 10.241°E
2224:
2169:
2168:
2157:
2156:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2109:
2108:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2048:, Hamburg 2010,
2037:Jochen Schramm:
1999:
1998:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1829:
1823:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1740:. Archived from
1734:
1728:
1727:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1559:. Archived from
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1508:. 6 April 1905.
1498:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1455:Limited, Alamy.
1452:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1421:. Archived from
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1395:. Archived from
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1372:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1298:. Archived from
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1210:
1197:
1196:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1165:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1103:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1068:
984:Bernhard Schmidt
978:
932:(from 1802–1830)
862:A planned large
853:Ritchey-Chretien
779:Großer Refraktor
710:Nice Observatory
628:Grande Lunette,
580:91 cm (36″)
576:Lick Observatory
563:Hamburg, Germany
508:122 cm(48″)
428:
371:1 m-Spiegel
269:Großen Refraktor
199:edit on Wikidata
188:
167:
166:
160:
147:
144:
142:
140:
121:
120:
118:
117:
116:
111:
107:
104:
103:
102:
99:
64:
63:
34:
27:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2163:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2117:
2115:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2071:
2062:
2022:Agnes Seemann:
2007:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1881:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1822:, Otto Heckmann
1816:
1812:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1761:
1757:
1747:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1587:www.ucolick.org
1581:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1536:stjarnhimlen.se
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1482:
1472:
1465:
1463:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1425:on 25 June 2007
1417:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1356:
1354:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1302:on 27 June 2014
1294:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1268:
1267:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1212:
1211:
1200:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1157:
1147:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1080:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1044:
1031:
1002:in California.
972:
923:
887:
796:meridian circle
775:great refractor
749:
744:
695:reflector-glass
662:
655:
635:
437:
418:
379:light pollution
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309:meridian circle
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265:Great Refractor
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2147:Solar System
2038:
2023:
2016:
2010:
2005:Bibliography
1989:
1977:. Retrieved
1972:
1962:
1950:. Retrieved
1945:
1936:
1924:. Retrieved
1920:
1911:
1898:
1889:
1869:
1862:
1840:: 11. 1993.
1837:
1833:
1827:
1818:
1813:
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1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1779:
1770:
1758:
1746:. Retrieved
1742:the original
1732:
1712:
1705:
1693:. Retrieved
1684:
1659:
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1608:
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1586:
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1565:. Retrieved
1561:the original
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1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1505:
1496:
1464:. Retrieved
1460:
1450:
1439:
1427:. Retrieved
1423:the original
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1397:the original
1387:
1355:. Retrieved
1351:
1342:
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1325:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:the original
1290:
1278:. Retrieved
1274:the original
1247:
1222:
1218:
1191:
1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1146:. Retrieved
1142:
1132:
1099:
1091:
1079:. Retrieved
1075:
1066:
1032:
1015:
1004:
992:Walter Baade
982:
924:
828:
812:, funded by
778:
728:
720:Nice, France
686:80 cm,
419:
411:
404:
400:
393:
386:
383:
376:
370:
352:
349:
342:
318:
302:
280:star catalog
277:
268:
258:
254:1036 Ganymed
250:Walter Baade
244:The largest
243:
223:astronomical
217:
208:
207:
143:.uni-hamburg
39:Organization
18:
2135:Outer space
2123:Spaceflight
1975:(in German)
1917:"Ike Moriz"
1748:26 February
1695:8 September
1592:8 September
1541:8 September
1516:10 February
1484:|last=
1429:27 February
1280:1 September
1254:(in German)
1029:Association
979:(1969–1992)
973: [
965:(1968–1979)
963:Alfred Behr
950:(1900–1941)
806:astrographs
768:Telescopes
666:achromat x2
639:achromat x2
519:, Australia
226:observatory
129:1909 (1802)
126:Established
113: /
88:Coordinates
21:Observatory
2181:Categories
1765:, homepage
1466:4 November
1357:4 November
1059:References
903:Effelsberg
894:in Greece.
820:Carl Zeiss
810:Carl Zeiss
789:Cassegrain
747:Telescopes
703:1862–1965
547:1897-2018
494:California
471:1905–1931
330:Parramatta
101:10°14′28″E
98:53°28′48″N
2159:Education
2099:Astronomy
2032:1862-3549
1979:16 August
1952:16 August
1926:19 August
1854:0374-1958
1785:16 August
1676:0035-8738
1637:0083-6656
1567:7 October
1306:1 October
1239:0007-0297
1225:: 78–87.
1022:Ike Moriz
1016:In 2009,
1005:In 1928,
446:Location
230:Bergedorf
73:Bergedorf
1903:Archived
1510:Archived
1476:cite web
1042:See also
859:in 2001.
804:, three
717:achromat
583:achromat
535:achromat
438:cm (in)
435:Aperture
221:) is an
69:Location
2171:Science
2087:Germany
2073:Portals
1921:Discogs
1899:YouTube
1842:Bibcode
1664:Bibcode
1662:: 101.
1617:Bibcode
1403:5 March
1227:Bibcode
1175:3 March
1148:3 March
1081:3 March
684:Focault
670:Potsdam
286:History
238:Germany
134:Website
81:Germany
77:Hamburg
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2030:
1877:
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1720:
1674:
1635:
1333:Nature
1237:
1120:
338:George
213:German
183:
57:
2111:Stars
1461:Alamy
1379:(PDF)
977:]
723:1886
678:1899
647:1891
623:1896
595:1888
566:1911
522:1878
498:1908
468:, USA
197:[
2050:ISBN
2028:ISSN
1981:2020
1954:2020
1928:2020
1875:ISBN
1850:ISSN
1787:2020
1750:2009
1718:ISBN
1697:2019
1672:ISSN
1633:ISSN
1594:2019
1569:2019
1543:2019
1518:2017
1488:help
1468:2019
1431:2009
1405:2012
1359:2019
1308:2014
1282:2015
1235:ISSN
1177:2020
1150:2020
1118:ISBN
1083:2020
851:, s
442:Type
394:The
389:Iris
369:The
1625:doi
1223:114
1110:doi
619:USA
591:USA
543:USA
267:(a
145:.de
141:.hs
139:www
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1944:.
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211:(
201:]
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