58:"The commanding officer of a port of embarkation will be responsible for and will have authority over all activities at the port, the reception, supply, transportation, embarkation, and debarkation of troops, and the receipt, storage, and transportation of supplies. He will see that the ships furnished him are properly fitted out for the purpose for which they are intended; he will supervise the operation and maintenance of military traffic between his port and the oversea base or bases; he will command all troops assigned to the port and its component parts, including troops being staged, and will be responsible for the efficient and economical direction of their operations. He will be responsible for the furnishing of necessary instructions to individuals and organizations embarked or debarked at the port . . . He will be responsible for taking the necessary measures to insure the smooth and orderly flow of troops and supplies through the port." (AR 55-75, par. 2B, 1 Jun 44. Quoted Chester Wardlow : pages 95—96,
97:
75:
operation by WSA agents that were appointed and under the command of the POE. Troops embarked aboard all vessels except U.S. Naval transports remained under overall command of the port commander until disembarked overseas. That command was exercised by the
Transport Commander whose responsibilities extended to all passengers and cargo but did not extend to operation of the ship which remained with the ship's master. On large troop ships the transport command included a permanent staff of administration, commissary, medical and chaplain personnel. The cargo security officers were representatives of the port commander aboard ships only transporting Army cargo.
46:
19:
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ensuring troops were properly equipped and prepared for overseas deployment. Most troops were embarked destined for arrival at rear area assembly points, but when destined for landing against hostile forces the ports "combat loaded" troops under different procedures made in consultation with the force commander that included billeting combat teams together at the port and loading team equipment and supplies aboard the assault vessels for efficient unloading.
74:
In one respect the POE Command extended even to the troops and cargo embarked on ships until they were disembarked overseas through "transport commanders" and "cargo security officers" aboard all troop and cargo ships under Army control, either owned, bareboat chartered and operated or charter with
70:
For troop movements the most critical timing factor was availability of the transports and sailing dates so that the most effective means of minimizing delays at the port was for the POE to control the movement of troops from their home stations to the port as well as having responsibility for
53:
An Army POE was a command structure and interconnected land transportation, supply and troop housing complex devoted to efficiently loading overseas transports. The scope of the World War II POE is summarized in Army
Regulations: AR 55-75, par. 2B, 1 June 1944:
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Hampton Roads Port of
Embarkation, administratively based in Newport News, Virginia, included the exclusively cargo sub port of Baltimore. The port, along with its Baltimore cargo port and the Philadelphia cargo port that was a sub port of the
698:
83:
Two ports of embarkation were established with commanders appointed 17 July 1917, one at New York with headquarters at
Hoboken and the second, then officially the Newport News Port of Embarkation, in Hampton Roads with headquarters at
120:(NYPOE), was mainly focused on shipments to the Mediterranean and European areas. Troops were temporarily quartered in embarkation camps where the port was responsible for ensuring final outfitting before embarkation with HRPOE's
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88:. While 88% of troops, 1,656,000 from New York itself and 142,000 from its sub-ports, sent overseas transited through the New York Port of Embarkation, 288,000 transited through the Newport News Port of Embarkation.
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Any primary POE could have sub ports and cargo ports even in other cities or temporarily assigned for movements between the United States to one of the overseas commands it normally served.
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During the period of its operation as of August 1945 its passenger total was 725,880 and cargo tonnage was 12,521,868 and its subsidiary
Baltimore cargo port accounted for 6,504,028 tons.
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with the 39th Combat Team embarked at the NYPOE, were loaded at the HRPOE. The port was again called on to combat load the reinforced 45th
Infantry Division for
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561:"United States Army Signal Corps, Hampton Roads, Virginia. United States Army Signal Corps Photograph Collection, Hampton Roads Embarkation Series, 1942- 1946"
145:. HRPOE had developed an efficient plan in which combat loaded ships were loaded in two "flights" whereby the first group would practice debarkation in the
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708:
105:
45:
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port of embarkation in terms of passengers and second in terms of cargo tonnage on the East Coast of the United States during
18:
660:
Library of
Virginia: United States Army Signal Corps Photograph Collection, Hampton Roads Embarkation Series, 1942- 1946
194:
117:
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referenced below includes a graphic illustration of the extent and components of a typical POE on pages 14 and 15.
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while the second group loaded and the second group would practice as the first refueled and topped off supplies.
142:
136:
85:
529:. Army Historical Series. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army. p. 346.
33:
area of
Virginia supporting the movement of personnel and cargo overseas. It had been activated as the
597:. United States Army In World War II. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army.
580:. United States Army In World War II. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army.
510:. United States Army In World War II. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army.
493:. United States Army In World War II. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army.
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assault convoy. All of the combat loaded ships from the United States bound for North Africa, except
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560:
676:
121:
655:
Historical Marker
Database, photo "Headquarters, Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation, U. S. Army"
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The
Technical Services—The Transportation Corps: Responsibilities, Organization, And Operations
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598:
581:
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511:
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The Mediterranean Theater of Operations — Northwest Africa: Seizing The Initiative In The West
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169:
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Army Ports: Passengers and tons of cargo embarked during the period December 1941—August 1945.
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Leased facilities at Newport News, Virginia operated by the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation.
524:
333:
671:
132:
146:
128:
687:
30:
112:. Until June 1942 Hampton Roads was a sub-port of the New York Port of Embarkation.
639:
The Road to Victory, A History of Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation in World War II
109:
595:
The Technical Services—The Transportation Corps: Movements, Training, And Supply
654:
619:. War Department Field Manual. Washington, DC: United States Department of War
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was the Army command structure and distributed port infrastructure in the
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Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation (HRPOE or HRPE) was the third largest
60:
The Transportation Corps: Responsibilities, Organization, and Operations
699:
Military units and formations of the United States Army in World War II
127:
Shortly after its activation 15 June 1942 the port was responsible for
641:, William Reginald Wheeler, Yale University Press, 1946 in 2 volumes
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The Technical Services—The Transportation Corps: Operations Overseas
95:
44:
17:
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The Mariners' Museum: Gallery, Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation
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in World War I, deactivated, then reactivated on 15 June 1942.
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Transportation units and formations of the United States Army
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The Port of Embarkation in the Overseas Supply System: 1942.
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Virginia War Museum: Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation
181:
Both abbreviations are found in official references.
613:FM55-10 Water Transportation: Oceanging Vessels
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526:The Sinews of War: Army Logistics 1775—1953
489:Bykofsky, Joseph; Larson, Harold (1990).
124:being capable of housing 24,100 troops.
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106:United States Army Transportation Corps
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704:Military installations in Virginia
334:"Newport News Port of Embarkation"
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709:History of Newport News, Virginia
27:Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation
389:, p. 100 (Table 9, Note 4).
35:Newport News Port of Embarkation
131:the Western Task Force of the
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195:New York Port of Embarkation
118:New York Port of Embarkation
41:Port of Embarkation concept
725:
462:Bykofsky & Larson 1990
438:Bykofsky & Larson 1990
593:Wardlow, Chester (1956).
576:Wardlow, Chester (1999).
523:Huston, James A. (1966).
92:World War II reactivation
670:10 November 2014 at the
506:Howe, George F. (1993).
610:War Department (1944).
133:North African invasion
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563:. Library of Virginia
559:Library of Virginia.
377:, p. 99 (table).
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440:, pp. 145–147.
402:Library of Virginia
323:, pp. 345–346.
309:War Department 1944
297:War Department 1944
285:War Department 1944
273:War Department 1944
261:War Department 1944
227:, pp. 103–104.
138:Seatrain New Jersey
239:, pp. 99–100.
215:, pp. 95–111.
122:Camp Patrick Henry
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321:Huston 1966
79:World War I
688:Categories
623:31 October
567:9 November
550:23 October
201:References
147:Chesapeake
474:Howe 1993
450:Howe 1993
343:9 January
156:Footnotes
668:Archived
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586:99490905
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516:57060021
499:56-60000
189:See also
170:FM55-10
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617:(PDF)
168:Army
625:2014
599:LCCN
582:LCCN
569:2013
552:2014
541:LCCN
531:ISBN
512:LCCN
495:LCCN
345:2020
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