17:
177:, and after the Mandate's establishment, he was appointed to the Tribal Court and the Advisory Council of the High Commissioner. In the early 1920s he became the mayor of Beersheba, his place of residence, and in 1922 became a member of the Legislative Council. The chief of the Nuseirat during this period was Sheikh Aaysh Farhan al-Msaddar, who was later succeeded by Sheikh Freih al-Msaddar in 1940.
44:
246:
Out of a population of 7,125, 500 members of the al-Hanajira clan were literate in 1947. They attended two schools, the
Hanajirat Abu Middein School founded 12 kilometers south of Gaza in 1924 and the Nuseirat School founded 5 kilometers east of Deir al-Balah in 1944. The former was divided into four
32:
16:
200:. The head of the Sumeiri tribe during the Mandate period was Selim Abdullah al-Sumeiri, who was succeeded Sheikh Juma'h al-Sumeiri, while the head of al-Dawadra was Ahmad Abu Daher.
169:
period between 1920 and 1947, the overall chief of the al-Hanajira and one of the influential tribal chiefs in the Negev was Sheikh Freih Farhan Abu
Middein. He served with the
110:
numbered 1,104, Sumeiri 772, and al-Dawahra 461, bringing the total to 3,735. By the summer of 1946 the population increased to 7,125. In 1981 the population living in the
491:
20:
Members of the
Hanajira tribe in Beersheba. Seated third from left is Sheikh Freih Abu Middein, chief of the Hanajira tribe. Standing in the center is
219:, the Israelis expelled the Abu Middein, Sumeiri and al-Dawahra clans to the Gaza Strip, while the Nsirat were either expelled to the Gaza Strip or
230:
Freih
Mustafa Abu Middein, the grandson of the Abu Middein clan's former chief Sheikh Freih Farhan, was appointed the Minister of Justice by then-
324:
146:
chief of the area. Al-Huzayl subsequently formed a coalition with the
Hanajira and evicted the Bani Atiyya after four battles at
103:
455:
434:
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grade levels with one educator and had 75 pupils, while the latter was divided into three grade levels and had 69 pupils.
496:
192:'s finance committee. In April 1948 Sheikh Freih al-Msaddar was among the notables who welcomed volunteers from the
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reported that in the late 19th century, the
Hanajira grew tobacco and watermelons at Khirbet Emkemen between
486:
47:
1908 map of
Bedouin tribes inhabiting the Negev Desert. Al-Hanajira is spelled "Arab al-Hanagreh" in the map
309:"Road Map or Roadblock? - Why International Law Matters, Palestinian Refugees and the 'Rules of the Road'"
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231:
216:
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189:
75:
315:. BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency & Refugee Rights. Issues 13-24, June 2003. p. 35.
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forces in the Gaza region and its capture of the western Negev Desert in late
December 1948 during the
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203:
Towards 1948 the
Hanajira largely transformed into a settled agricultural community. Following the
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tribes, including the
Beersheba plains, without the permission of Salman Ali Azzam al-Huzayl, the
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sought to exploit the lack of state authority and encroached upon the territories of the
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A Bedouin Century: Education and Development Among the Negev Tribes in the 20th Century
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25:
480:
235:
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79:
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227:, many of the Nsirat were evicted by Israeli authorities and relocated to Jordan.
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line. Under the British Mandate, the territory was divided between its Gaza and
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134:, leaving Gaza and the Negev relatively unsecured. The Bani Attiya tribe of
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Ottoman Palestine, 1800-1914: Studies in Economic and Social History
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35:
Tribal chief Sheikh Freih Abu Middein, during his mayoral term in
30:
15:
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In 1946 Sheikh Freih al-Msaddar became a major figure within
130:, concentrated his forces to put down a rebellion in
150:, Tell Rakhima, Wadi Abu Tulul and al-Mashash. The
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78:. Its territory stretched north-south between
468:The Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society
196:coming from Egypt to fight Israeli forces in
8:
24:, Palestinian journalist and later mayor of
292:. Spotlight Publications Ltd., 1969. vol.
392:Palestine Oriental Society, 1948, p. 187.
492:Ethnic groups in the State of Palestine
304:
302:
282:
7:
465:Palestine Oriental Society (1948).
354:Palestine Exploration Fund, p. 191.
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188:in the Beersheba region and the
104:1931 British census of Palestine
66:) was one of the five principal
106:, Abu Middein numbered 1,419,
1:
86:and east to the lands of the
471:. Vol. 21. The Society.
444:Gilbar, Gad G., ed. (1990).
325:1931 British Mandate Census
513:
152:Palestine Exploration Fund
126:-based governor of Gaza,
419:Abu-Rabia, Aref (2001).
383:Abu Rabia, 2001, p. 132.
336:Abu-Rabia, 2001, p. 131.
363:Abu-Rabia, 2001, p. 32.
98:. The largest clan was
217:First Arab-Israeli War
70:tribes inhabiting the
48:
40:
28:
232:Palestinian Authority
190:Arab Higher Committee
76:1948 Arab-Israeli War
46:
34:
19:
186:Palestine Arab Party
114:was roughly 10,000.
497:Bedouins in Israel
450:. BRILL Archives.
401:Abu-Rabia (2001),
194:Muslim Brotherhood
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41:
29:
403:A Bedouin Century
223:. After the 1967
90:, straddling the
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182:Jamal al-Husayni
56:Arab al-Hanajira
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345:Gilbar, p. 326.
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290:Israel Magazine
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267:Nuseirat (camp)
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167:British Mandate
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88:Tarabin bedouin
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487:Bedouin groups
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238:in the 1990s.
209:main offensive
128:Abdullah Pasha
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26:East Jerusalem
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92:Hejaz Railway
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80:Deir al-Balah
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39:, early 1920s
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412:Bibliography
405:, pp. 80-81.
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205:Israeli Army
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171:British Army
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132:Jabal Nablus
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72:Negev Desert
63:
59:
55:
51:
50:
22:Aref al-Aref
262:Al-Musaddar
257:Al-Mughraqa
225:Six-Day War
175:World War I
165:During the
148:Wadi Ar'ara
100:Abu Middein
64:el-Hanajreh
52:Al-Hanajira
481:Categories
457:9004077855
436:1571818324
278:References
156:Khan Yunis
136:Wadi Araba
112:Gaza Strip
60:al-Hanajra
313:Al-Majdal
242:Education
234:chairman
198:Palestine
102:. In the
96:Beersheba
37:Beersheba
327:. p. 11.
251:See also
213:Egyptian
211:against
108:Nuseirat
272:'Azazme
173:during
118:History
68:Bedouin
454:
433:
221:Jordan
144:Tiyaha
54:(also
160:Rafah
452:ISBN
431:ISBN
158:and
124:Acre
84:Gaza
82:and
207:'s
184:'s
62:or
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429:.
425:.
368:^
311:,
301:^
162:.
58:,
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439:.
296:.
294:2
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