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1914:
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800:
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1363:?); foot-powered multi-harness looms and jacquard looms were used for silk weaving and embroidery, both of which were cottage industries with imperial workshops. The drawloom enhanced and sped up the production of silk and played a significant role in Chinese silk weaving. The loom was introduced to Persia, India, and Europe.
1734:
2194:: This type of weaving is very versatile, in that rapier looms can weave using a large variety of threads. There are several types of rapiers, but they all use a hook system attached to a rod or metal band to pass the pick across the shed. These machines regularly reach 700 picks per minute in normal production.
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528:
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Circular: Modern circular looms use up to ten shuttles, driven in a circular motion from below by electromagnets, for the weft yarns, and cams to control the warp threads. The warps rise and fall with each shuttle passage, unlike the common practice of lifting all of them at once. Circular looms are
2089:
in 1733. The weaver held a picking stick that was attached by cords to a device at both ends of the shed. With a flick of the wrist, one cord was pulled and the shuttle was propelled through the shed to the other end with considerable force, speed and efficiency. A flick in the opposite direction and
1389:
A dobby head is a device that replaces the drawboy, the weaver's helper who used to control the warp threads by pulling on draw threads. "Dobby" is a corruption of "draw boy". Mechanical dobbies pull on the draw threads using pegs in bars to lift a set of levers. The placement of the pegs determines
1299:
Rigid heddles (above) are called "rigid" to distinguish them from string and metal heddles, where each warp thread has its own heddle, which has an eye at each end and one in the middle for the warp thread. The eyes in the ends are fastened to a shaft, all in a row. This requires multiple shafts; it
626:
Such looms are easy to set up and dismantle, and are easy to transport, so they are popular with nomadic weavers. They are generally only used for comparatively small woven articles. Urbanites are unlikely to use horizontal floor looms as they take up a lot of floor space, and full-time professional
2316:
The newest weft thread must be beaten against the fell. Battening can be done with a long stick placed in the shed parallel to the weft (a sword batten), a shorter stick threaded between the warp threads perpendicular to warp and weft (a pin batten), a comb, or a reed (a comb with both ends closed,
1445:(1740). To call it a loom is a misnomer, a Jacquard head could be attached to a power loom or a handloom, the head controlling which warp thread was raised during shedding. Multiple shuttles could be used to control the colour of the weft during picking. The Jacquard loom is the predecessor to the
2201:
utilize an object that is propelled across the shed, usually by spring power, and is guided across the width of the cloth by a series of reeds. The projectile is then removed from the weft fibre and it is returned to the opposite side of the machine so it can be reused. Multiple projectiles are in
2183:
uses short quick bursts of compressed air to propel the weft through the shed in order to complete the weave. Air jets are the fastest traditional method of weaving in modern manufacturing and they are able to achieve up to 1,500 picks per minute. However, the amounts of compressed air required to
1063:
Usually weaving uses shedding devices. These devices pull some of the warp threads to each side, so that a shed is formed between them, and the weft is passed through the shed. There are a variety of methods for forming the shed. At least two sheds must be formed, the shed and the countershed. Two
2175:
Shuttle: The first-ever powered looms were shuttle-type looms. Spools of weft are unravelled as the shuttle travels across the shed. This is very similar to projectile methods of weaving, except that the weft spool is stored on the shuttle. These looms are considered obsolete in modern industrial
1267:
are generally used on single-shaft looms. Odd warp threads go through the slots, and even ones through the circular holes, or vice-versa. The shed is formed by lifting the heddle, and the countershed by depressing it. The warp threads in the slots stay where they are, and the ones in the circular
588:
threads taut. Frequently, extra warp thread is wound around the weights. When a weaver has woven far enough down, the completed section (fell) can be rolled around the top beam, and additional lengths of warp threads can be unwound from the weights to continue. This frees the weaver from vertical
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without an assistant, and was also critical to the development of a commercially successful power loom. Cartwright's loom was impractical but the ideas behind it were developed by numerous inventors in the
Manchester area of England where, by 1818, there were 32 factories containing 5,732 looms.
980:
There exist very small hand-held looms known as darning looms. They are made to fit under the fabric being mended, and are often held in place by an elastic band on one side of the cloth and a groove around the loom's darning-egg portion on the other. They may have heddles made of flip-flopping
1319:
Treadle looms can control multiple harnessess with multiple treadles. The weaver selects which harnesses are engaged with their feet. One treadle may be connected to more than one harness, and any number of treadles can be engaged at once, meaning that the number of different sheds that can be
2163:
Different types of power looms are most often defined by the way that the weft, or pick, is inserted into the warp. Many advances in weft insertion have been made in order to make manufactured cloth more cost effective. Weft insertion rate is a limiting factor in production speed. As of 2010,
1589:
The weft may be passed across the shed as a ball of yarn, but usually this is too bulky and unergonomic. Shuttles are designed to be slim, so they pass through the shed; to carry a lot of yarn, so the weaver does not need to refill them too often; and to be an ergonomic size and shape for the
381:
The nature of the loom frame and the shedding, picking, and battening devices vary. Looms come in a wide variety of types, many of them specialized for specific types of weaving. They are also specialized for the lifestyle of the weaver. For instance, nomadic weavers tend to use lighter, more
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Water jet: Water-jet looms use the same principle as air-jet looms, but they take advantage of pressurized water to propel the weft. The advantage of this type of weaving is that water power is cheaper where water is directly available on site. Picks per minute can reach as high as
2441:
The development of power looms was gradual. The capabilities of power looms gradually expanded, but handlooms remained the most cost-effective way to make some types of textiles for most of the 1800s. Many improvements in loom mechanisms were first applied to hand looms (like the
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4400 B.C. Earliest evidence of the use of a horizontal loom is its depiction on a pottery dish found in Egypt and dated to this time. These first true frame looms are equipped with foot pedals to lift the warp threads, leaving the weaver's hands free to pass and beat the weft
2144:
207:
Beams may be used as rollers to allow the weaver to weave a piece of cloth longer than the loom. As the cloth is woven, the warp threads are gradually unrolled from the warp beam, and the woven portion of the cloth is rolled up onto the cloth beam (which is also called the
2392:
1161:(D), which is cylindrical so that the finished cloth can be rolled around it, allowing the loom to be used to weave a piece of cloth taller than the loom, and preserving an ergonomic working height. The warp threads (F, and A and B) hang from the beam and rest against the
2496:
which was self-acting or semi-automatic. This enables a youngster to run six looms at the same time. Thus, for simple calicos, the power loom became more economical to run than the handloom – with complex patterning that used a dobby or
Jacquard head, jobs were still
1343:
A drawloom is for weaving figured cloth. In a drawloom, a "figure harness" is used to control each warp thread separately, allowing very complex patterns. A drawloom requires two operators, the weaver, and an assistant called a "drawboy" to manage the figure harness.
1100:
A shed-rod (shedding stick, shed roll) is simply a stick woven through the warp threads. When pulled perpendicular to the threads (or rotated to stand on edge, for wide, flat shedding rods), it creates a shed. To create the counter-shed, a heddle-bar is usually used.
403:). It consists of two sticks or bars between which the warps are stretched. One bar is attached to a fixed object and the other to the weaver, usually by means of a strap around the weaver's back. The weaver leans back and uses their body weight to tension the loom.
1436:
with punched holes, each row of which corresponds to one row of the design. Multiple rows of holes are punched on each card and the many cards that compose the design of the textile are strung together in order. It is based on earlier inventions by the
Frenchmen
1324:
the number of treadles. Eight is a large but reasonable number of treadles, giving a maximum of 2=256 sheds (some of which will not have enough threads on one side to be useful). The weaver must remember the sequence of treadling needed to produce the pattern.
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2367:, suspended by strings so that they pulled the cloth breadthwise. Other looms may have temples tied to the frame, or temples that are hooks with an adjustable shaft between them. Power looms may use temple cylinders. Pins can leave a series of holes in the
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The ends of the warp threads are usually fastened to beams. One end is fastened to one beam, the other end to a second beam, so that the warp threads all lie parallel and are all the same length. The beams are held apart to keep the warp threads taut.
260:
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365:, because the newly constructed fabric must be wound onto cloth beam. This process is called taking up. At the same time, the warp yarns must be let off or released from the warp beam, unwinding from it. To become fully automatic, a loom needs a
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In pegged looms, the beams can be simply held apart by hooking them behind pegs driven into the ground, with wedges or lashings used to adjust the tension. Pegged looms may, however, also have horizontal sidepieces holding the beams apart.
280:
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236:
A simple treadle floor loom. Mouse over components for pop-up links. The warp runs horizontally. On the left the warp beam, held from turning by with a weighted trough to keep the warp taut; on the right, the cloth beam (also called a
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automatically rolled up the finished cloth, keeping the fell always the same length. They significantly speeded up hand weaving (still a major part of the textile industry in the 1800s). Similar mechanisms were used in power looms.
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A loom, then, usually needs two beams, and some way to hold them apart. It generally has additional components to make shedding, picking, and battening faster and easier. There are also often components to help take up the fell.
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the shuttle was propelled back. A single weaver had control of this motion but the flying shuttle could weave much wider fabric than an arm's length at much greater speeds than had been achieved with the hand thrown shuttle.
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Boat shuttles may be closed (central hollow with a solid bottom) or open (central hole goes right through). The yarn may be side-feed or end-feed. They are commonly made for 10-cm (4-inch) and 15-cm (6-inch) bobbin lengths.
822:
Tapestry can have extremely complex wefts, as different strands of wefts of different colours are used to form the pattern. Speed is lower, and shedding and picking devices may be simpler. Looms used for weaving traditional
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924:
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346:. A single crossing of the weft thread from one side of the loom to the other, through the shed, is known as a pick. Picking is passing the weft through the shed. A new shed is then formed before a new pick is inserted.
1239:. The hooks, when vertical, have the weft threads looped around them horizontally. If the hooks are flopped over on side or another, the loop of weft twists, raising one or the other side of the loop, which creates the
357:. After the pick, the new pass of weft thread has to be tamped up against the fell, to avoid making a fabric with large, irregular gaps between the weft threads. This compression of the weft threads is called battening.
1547:
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845:
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739:), so that raising the shaft raises half the threads (those passing through the heddles), and lowering the shaft lowers the same threads — the threads passing through the spaces between the heddles remain in place.
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147:
meant a utensil, tool, or machine of any kind. In 1404 "lome" was used to mean a machine to enable weaving thread into cloth. By 1838 "loom" had gained the additional meaning of a machine for interlacing thread.
2025:
2024:
2020:
2019:
1603:
At their simplest, these are just sticks wrapped with yarn. They may be specially shaped, as with the bobbins and bones used in tapestry-making (bobbins are used on vertical warps, and bones on horizontal ones).
390:
Loom frames can be roughly divided, by the orientation of the warp threads, into horizontal looms and vertical looms. There are many finer divisions. Most handloom frame designs can be constructed fairly simply.
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A simple tripod frame supports the heddle pulley (which seems to be more of a teeter-totter) of this West
African loom; from each heddle frame hangs a treadle, trod alternately to form shed and countershed.
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Boats with square-ended recesses are intended for bobbins with end flanges. Other shuttles have round-cornered recesses. They are often intended for use with paper quills (tubes of rolled paper).
433:
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2005:
2003:
989:. Other devices sold as darning looms are just a darning egg and a separate comb-like piece with teeth to hook the warp over; these are used for repairing knitted garments and are like a linear
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Not all looms have two beams. For instance, warp-weighted looms have only one beam; the warp yarns hang from this beam. The bottom ends of the warp yarns are tied to dangling loom weights.
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115:
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A heddle-bar is simply a stick placed across the warp and tied to individual warp threads. When it is lifted, it pulls the warp threads it is tied to out of position, creating a shed.
1722:
2251:
1740:
Belt or band shuttle, a short shuttle used for inkle weaving. This extra-sturdy shuttle is also used at a batten, to beat the newly woven weft against the previously woven fell.
1060:
generally do not use shedding for the pile, because each pile thread is individually knotted onto the warps, but there may be shedding for the weft holding the carpet together.
256:
2004:
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611:
434:
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1209:
uses cards punched with holes. The warp threads pass through the holes, and the cards are twisted and shifted to created varied sheds. This shedding technique is used for
1375:
Dobby-loom control mechanism. The pegs driven into the bars (hung in a loop on the left) each lift one "treadle" in a pre-determined pattern, like lifting the teeth of a
1227:
1803:
Top, an open boat shuttle (the other two are closed). Bottom, a
Swedish-style asymmetrical shuttle with a paper quill. All are side-feed; the topmost one runs on rollers
327:(the space between the raised and unraised warp yarns). The shed is the space through which the filling yarn, carried by the shuttle, can be inserted, forming the weft.
1885:
1763:
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in 1830 that marked the turning point. Incremental changes to the three motions continued to be made. The problems of sizing, stop-motions, consistent take-up, and a
382:
portable looms, while weavers living in cramped city dwellings are more likely to use a tall upright loom, or a loom that folds into a narrow space when not in use.
2317:
so that it has to be sleyed, that is have the warp threads threaded through it, when the loom is warped). For rigid-heddle looms, the heddle may be used as a reed.
2275:
2113:
1983:
885:
2413:
596:
Simple weaves, and complex weaves that need more than two different sheds, can both be woven on a warp-weighted loom. They can also be used to produce tapestries.
3551:
369:, the filling stop motion. This will brake the loom if the weft thread breaks. An automatic loom requires 0.125 hp to 0.5 hp to operate (100W to 400W).
920:
452:
4164:
2759:
2618:
2434:
A power loom is a loom powered by a source of energy other than the weaver's muscles. When power looms were developed, other looms came to be referred to as
1173:(H). So when the heddle rod is pulled out and placed in the forked sticks protruding from the posts (not lettered, no technical term given in citation), the
228:
1390:
which levers are lifted. The sequence of bars (they are strung together) effectively remembers the sequence for the weaver. Computer-controlled dobbies use
725:, dated to 4400 BC. It was a frame loom, equipped with treadles to lift the warp threads, leaving the weaver's hands free to pass and beat the weft thread.
1283:
This loom has two string heddles, connected via a pulley overhead so that they rise and fall alternately. They are operated by treadles. Each treadle is a
1901:
1012:
Circular looms are used to create seamless tubes of fabric for products such as hosiery, sacks, clothing, fabric hoses (such as fire hoses) and the like.
2395:
2105:. The whole picking motion no longer relied on manual skill and it was just a matter of time before it could be powered by something other than a human.
2022:
1837:
1048:
It is possible to weave by manually threading the weft over and under the warp threads, but this is slow. Some tapestry techniques use manual shedding.
3616:
1937:
196:
The textile is woven starting at one end of the warp threads, and progressing towards the other end. The beam on the finished-fabric end is called the
2302:
1638:
4105:
2742:
3098:
2002:
432:
1626:
1925:
873:
3695:
1339:
Drawloom, with drawboy above to control the harnesses, woven as a repeating pattern in an early-18-hundreds piece of
Japanese figured silk.
1746:
962:
strips such as ribbons, bands, or tape. They are often quite small; some are used on a tabletop. others are backstraps looms with a rigid
861:
627:
weavers are unlikely to use them as they are unergonomic. Their cheapness and portability is less valuable to urban professional weavers.
482:
fiber. One bar is attached to the ceiling of the traditional T'boli longhouse, while the other is attached to the lower back. Philippines.
2870:
399:
The back-strap loom (also known as belt loom) is a simple loom with ancient roots, still used in many cultures around the world (such as
1268:
holes are pulled back and forth. A single rigid heddle can hold all the warp threads, though sometimes multiple rigid heddles are used.
2224:
232:
3773:
3520:
3495:
2995:
2721:
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2206:
used to create seamless tubes of fabric for products such as hosiery, sacks, clothing, fabric hoses (such as fire hoses) and the like.
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286:
A Turkish carpet loom showing warp threads wrapped around the warp beam, above, and the fell being wrapped onto the cloth beam below.
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4195:
4188:
Maya Hair Sashes
Backstrap Woven in Jacaltenango, Guatemala, Cintas Mayas tejidas con el telar de cintura en Jacaltenango, Guatemala
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4000:
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An
Icelandic backstrap loom, 1903. The inkle workpiece is so narrow that no beams are needed; the warp ends are simply tied as one.
161:
735:
are fixed in place in the shaft. The warp threads pass alternately through a heddle, and through a space between the heddles (the
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334:(the two sheds are called the shed and countershed). More intricate shedding sequences can produce more complex weaves, such as
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1701:
994:
233:
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was empty. The Draper E and X models became the leading products from 1909. They were challenged by synthetic fibres such as
4227:
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226:
2184:
run these looms, as well as the complexity in the way the air jets are positioned, make them more costly than other looms.
1300:
cannot be done on a single-shaft loom. The different shafts (also called harnesses) must be controlled by some mechanism.
763:
503:
3482:
Explorations in the
History of Machines and Mechanisms: Proceedings of HMM2012 (History of Mechanism and Machine Science)
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742:
A treadle loom for figured weaving may have a large number of harnesses or a control head. It can, for instance, have a
2363:
The temples act to keep the cloth from shrinking sideways as it is woven. Some warp-weighted looms had temples made of
1311:
require three or more (depending on the type of twill), and more complex figured weaves require still more harnesses.
268:
4662:
2011:
An early fully-automated loom. The arms at the sides can be seen swinging to bash the flying shuttle back and forth.
231:
229:
790:
Weaving at a pit loom; the frame is built shorter, but set over a pit, so that the treadles are below ground level.
4815:
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2749:
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4805:
2791:
2465:
2082:
1762:
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212:). The portion of the fabric that has already been formed but not yet rolled up on the takeup roll is called the
2349:
1952:
1371:
330:
Sheds may be simple: for instance, lifting all the odd threads and all the even threads alternately produces a
2890:
Kent, Kate P. (1957). "The
Cultivation and Weaving of Cotton in the Prehistoric Southwestern United States".
4682:
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2514:
827:
are called not as "vertical-warp" and "horizontal-warp", but as "high-warp" or "low-warp" (the French terms
2936:
2456:
in 1785, and it was this that was adopted by the nascent cotton industry in England. The silk loom made by
1517:
A female worker changing jacquard cards in a lace machine in a Nottingham factory (1918 (First World War)).
931:
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4498:
3673:
1993:
Handloom with a flying shuttle. The shuttle runs in a shuttle race attached to the front of the beater bar
1124:
3721:
2836:
2081:. If cloth needed to be wider, two people would do the task (often this would be an adult with a child).
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4247:
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3131:
3102:
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1815:
Boat shuttle inside the shed. It floats on the lower warp threads. This only works on horizontal looms.
1413:
1138:
935:
31:
728:
A pit loom has a pit for the treadles, reducing the stress transmitted through the much shorter frame.
92:
threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.
3297:
2202:
use in order to increase the pick speed. Maximum speeds on these machines can be as high as 1,050 ppm.
1251:
245:
to allow the weaver to roll up the fell. In the center, devices for performing the motions of weaving.
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4647:
4019:
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2198:
908:
2502:
1038:, not using any shedding devices. Note hair comb, presumably used to beat the warp against the fell.
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2553:
176:
85:
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1485:
Hand operated Jacquard looms in the Textile Department of the Strzemiński Academy of Fine Arts in
1360:
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There are heddles made of flip-flopping rotating hooks, which raise and lower the warp, creating
1210:
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and the structure upon which individual destiny is woven. This symbolism is encapsulated in the
1879:
These Assamese shuttles, presumably for very fine silk, are slender and do not hold much volume.
584:
period. Its defining characteristic is hanging weights (loom weights) which keep bundles of the
3487:
1780:
A rag shuttle has two skis; it is used for weaving strips of rag into carpets, whence the name.
1553:
Manual loom with double width and jacquard loom, Colegio del Arte Mayor de la Seda of Valencia.
1359:
are thought to date before 256 AD. The draw loom was invented in China during the Han dynasty (
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44:
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3411:"How To Use A 1940s "Speed weve" Darner [repost of original 1940s instruction manual]"
3184:"How To Use A 1940s "Speed weve" Darner [repost of original 1940s instruction manual]"
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Rosenbaum, Brenda P. (1990). "Mayan Women, Weaving and Ethnic Identity: a Historical Essay".
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1181:(2). By passing the weft through the shed and the counter-shed, alternately, cloth is woven.
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in 1745 operated on the same principles but was not developed further. The invention of the
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242:
189:(i.e. "that which is woven") is inserted so that it passes over and under the warp threads.
38:
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Sword beater on an Ancient Egyptian horizontal ground-pegged loom, being held by two people
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tapestry loom. Oddly, while many dangling bobbins are shown, the different colours are not.
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1213:. It is also used to finish edges, weaving decorative selvage bands instead of hemming.
4717:
4672:
4505:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4463:
4433:
4322:
4287:
4012:
3115:
3031:
2461:
2293:
2086:
1969:
1438:
1240:
1236:
1206:
1193:
1043:
1023:
are also sometimes called circular looms, but they are used for knitting, not weaving.
1013:
990:
829:
736:
689:
615:
585:
535:
519:
419:
324:
320:
172:
81:
57:
3073:
1541:
Following the pattern, holes are punched in the appropriate places on a jacquard card.
349:
Conventional shuttle looms can operate at speeds of about 150 to 160 picks per minute.
4784:
4764:
4707:
4596:
4586:
4581:
4448:
4428:
4387:
4292:
4077:
3573:
3480:
3038:
2681:
2549:
2518:
2477:
1470:
1462:
1403:
1169:(G) is tied to some of the warp threads (A, but not B), using loops of string called
1108:
949:
722:
539:
499:
414:
textiles, often decorated with intricate pick-up patterns woven in complementary and
4216:
1486:
4697:
4677:
4611:
4561:
4540:
4352:
4297:
3817:
3011:
2912:
2644:, showing grayish warp threads (back) and cloth woven with red filling yarn (front)
2481:
2308:
2230:
2180:
2176:
fabric manufacturing because they can only reach a maximum of 300 picks per minute.
2078:
1973:
1816:
1433:
1356:
1303:
While non-rigid heddles generally mean that two shafts are needed even for a plain
1222:
1077:
975:
1577:
1092:
Loom with a shed bar and without a string heddle, neolithic reconstruction in the
4176:
4146:"The Decline of a Technology Leader:Capability, strategy and shuttleless Weaving"
1728:
Stick shuttles must be passed, not thrown, which is inconvenient for wide warps.
1529:
Boy next to two weaving looms with the weaving pattern on reams of paper (India).
4687:
4642:
4637:
4606:
4337:
3774:"Choosing and Using Shuttles: Double-Bobbin Boat Shuttles and End-Feed Shuttles"
2818:
2785:
2685:
2537:
2438:. Most cloth is now woven on power looms, but some is still woven on handlooms.
2364:
2191:
1351:
and date c. 400 BC. Some scholars speculate an independent invention in ancient
1348:
1308:
1304:
1288:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1057:
1035:
495:
407:
335:
331:
129:
2501:
to handloom weavers until the 1870s. Incremental changes were made such as the
1590:
particular weaver, loom, and yarn. They may also be designed for low friction.
406:
Both simple and complex textiles can be woven on backstrap looms. They produce
17:
4738:
4601:
4571:
4566:
4367:
4327:
4317:
4302:
4211:
4069:
3993:
The Book of Looms: A History of the Handloom from Ancient Times to the Present
3696:"Choosing and Using Shuttles: Stick Shuttles, Flat Shuttles, and Rag Shuttles"
3316:
2453:
2443:
2427:
2386:
2337:
2331:
1669:
1384:
1256:
959:
714:
In a treadle loom, the shedding is controlled by the feet, which tread on the
475:
411:
296:
171:
Weaving is done on two sets of threads or yarns, which cross one another. The
61:
4160:
3392:
3164:
2269:
Bone sword beater (2) and adjacent bone pin beater (3), Iron Age, Middle East
4657:
4347:
4307:
1429:
1376:
1198:
581:
4515:
3798:
2988:
The Persian carpet : a survey of the carpet-weaving industry of Persia
1855:
A collection of open and closed shuttles in Ukraine, some clearly handmade.
1279:
4178:Étude analytique des petits modèles de métiers exposés au musée des tissus
3348:
Article describing the experimental reconstruction of the 6th-7th century
1713:
1088:
181:
4520:
4468:
2506:
2245:
Sword beaters (or battens) on upright looms are indeed swung like a sword
1466:
1417:
1391:
1053:
1049:
824:
817:
721:
The earliest evidence of a horizontal loom is found on a pottery dish in
479:
77:
53:
4382:
4263:
3261:
2921:
2641:
2557:
2405:
2372:
2368:
2135:
2098:
2069:
1944:
1753:
1292:
715:
157:
73:
2961:
4632:
4535:
4493:
4453:
4438:
4312:
2689:
2569:
2561:
2171:
There are five main types of weft insertion and they are as follows:
1892:
1490:
1425:
1284:
1264:
963:
904:
732:
664:
618:
nomad sisters, weaving a carpet on a floor loom. Near Firuzabad, Iran
589:
size constraint. Horizontally, breadth is limited by armspan; making
543:
444:
410:: width is limited to the weaver's armspan. They can readily produce
272:
104:
2903:
635:
95:
3232:"How To Use A Speedweve Loom To Mend Clothes ⋆ A Rose Tinted World"
2564:, who was jealous of her skill at the godlike craft of weaving. In
2130:
4418:
4357:
4342:
2819:"loom - Origin and meaning of loom by Online Etymology Dictionary"
2668:
Handloom at the Korkosz Croft in Czarna Góra, Poland, 19th century
2612:
loom with several heddles, which the weaver controls with her foot
2609:
2526:
2410:
2390:
2348:
2154:
2141:
2129:
2121:
Jacquard ribbon loom, showing distinctive sliding ribbon shuttles.
2107:
1685:
1576:
1370:
1352:
1334:
1278:
1250:
1226:
1197:
1137:
1087:
1030:
791:
634:
610:
564:
555:
295:
114:
100:
94:
43:
1919:
Simple closed, side-feed boat shuttle with a paper bobbin, Mexico
938:; note that the threads do not vary in colour along their length.
4443:
4392:
3748:"Choosing and Using Shuttles—Boat Shuttles, Bobbins, and Quills"
2522:
2165:
1016:
can be used to knit tubes, including tubes that split and join.
891:
A commercial basse-lisse tapestry loom in the same factory, 2004
186:
89:
4236:
1416:
in 1801, which simplifies the process of manufacturing figured
221:
4056:
Crowfoot, Grace (November 1937). "Of the Warp-Weighted Loom".
3816:. S.S.M. College of Engineering, Komarapalayam. Archived from
2572:
taught the first woman how to weave at the beginning of time.
1287:
on a string, held in the weaver's toes. He is making a simple
1153:(see diagram) typically uses a heddle-bar. It has two upright
498:
weaver tensions her traditional backstrap loom with her feet.
3662:(The Project Gutenberg eBook ed.). Fredrick A. Stokes.
3370:(commercial site, but with animation showing how it works),
1271:
Treadles may be used to drive the rigid heddle up and down.
1080:, and figured (picture-forming) weaves, require more sheds.
2872:
Handloom Construction: A Practical Guide for the Non-Expert
4232:
3609:"The Jacquard Loom: A Driver of the Industrial Revolution"
3140:(commercial site, but with animation showing how it works)
4125:
Cotton Weaving: Its Development, Principles, and Practice
2875:. Volunteers in Technical Assistance, Inc. Archived from
997:
in the United Kingdom and Canada, and some are homemade.
593:
requires two weavers, standing side by side at the loom.
1620:. These Ancient Greek weavers have a yarn-wrapped stick.
907:, scrapper (with short teeth), comb (double-ended), and
762:
Traditional treadle loom at Ranipauwa Muktinath, Nepal (
4181:(in French). Lyon, France: Musée historique des tissus.
3995:. Hanover and London: University Press of New England.
3220:(darning loom without heddles, just a comb, for knits).
3012:"Types of carpets loom and knowledge of its components"
2715:
Weaver from India showing handloom during an exhibition
2488:
to maintain the width remained. In 1841, Kenworthy and
1684:
Paper quills (paper bobbins) used as tapestry bones in
3068:
3066:
1694:
Notched stick shuttles, rag shuttles, and ski shuttles
1347:
The earliest confirmed drawloom fabrics come from the
64:; it is not just controlled but powered by the pedals.
3350:
Anglo-Saxon warp-weighted loom from Pakenham, Suffolk
1867:
This Transyvanian shuttle was a Valentine's-Day gift.
175:
threads are the ones stretched on the loom (from the
3116:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bas-lisse
834:
470:
dream weavers using two-bar bamboo backstrap looms (
4757:
4731:
4625:
4551:
4401:
4375:
4270:
580:is a vertical loom that may have originated in the
4011:
3446:
3444:
3030:
2892:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
2852:
2850:
2784:
2311:are a shedding device that can also act as a reed.
2077:Hand weavers who threw a shuttle could only weave
2032:The automated shuttle moves almost too fast to see
1931:How the conical pirn loads on an end-feed shuttle.
1907:Two end-feed pirns and a side-feed bobbin (bottom)
2532:By 1942, faster, more efficient, and shuttleless
2509:-born inventor Northrop, who was working for the
2072:loom with a shuttle race. Late 18-hundreds Japan.
1632:Tapestry bobbins are used on vertical-warp looms.
267:Weaving demonstration on an 1830 handloom in the
2656:Oaxacan artisan Alberto Sanchez Martinez at loom
2281:Weaving comb used for battening, Braga, Portugal
1656:Tapestry bones are used on horizontal-warp looms
1565:The Jacquard cards control the healds on a loom.
52:Domestic Loom, built under licence in 1893, in
3689:
3687:
3478:Ceccarelli, Marco; López-Cajún, Carlos (2012).
2628:Maya brocades a hair sash on a back strap loom.
2446:), and only later integrated into power looms.
1184:Heddle-rods are used on modern tapestry looms.
225:
80:. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the
2990:(Reprinted 1952 ed.). London: Duckworth.
4248:
4107:The Compendious History of Cotton-Manufacture
2560:who was changed into a spider by the goddess
1112:
778:Japanese treadle loom, late 1820s-early 1830s
8:
3820:on 29 November 2010 – via Pdexcil.org.
2760:Timeline of clothing and textiles technology
1142:Heddle-rod on a tapestry frame, France, 2018
3932:. London: Helicon Publishers. p. 127.
3344:
3342:
3340:
3262:"the Swift Darning Loom from Worth Mending"
3029:Bruno, Leonard C.; Olendorf, Donna (1997).
2837:"warp - Search Online Etymology Dictionary"
2521:. This loom recharged the shuttle when the
1843:Macedonian open shuttles with paper quills.
867:Haut-lisse tapestry loom, 2022, New Zealand
143:, a root of unknown origin; the whole word
4255:
4241:
4233:
4058:The Annual of the British School at Athens
3955:Guatemala: Museo Ixchel del Traje Indigena
3814:"Advances in Weaving Technology and Looms"
3722:"Choosing and Using Shuttles: Rug and Ski"
3550:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3318:How to: Cast on/Knit using a Circular Loom
3298:"Speedweve Style Darning Loom | Glowforge"
1707:Stick shuttles wound in a figure-of-eight.
984:
2937:"Making of: T'nalak Weaving, Philippines"
2911:
1616:Shuttles are passed, not thrown, through
1056:also generally have no shedding devices.
879:Commercial haut-lisse tapestry loom, 2004
422:are also possible on the backstrap loom.
4128:. George Bell & Sons. Archived from
3674:"Choosing the Right Shuttle for the Job"
2743:Bunkar: The Last of the Varanasi Weavers
1461:The punched-card control mechanism of a
1441:(1725), Jean Baptiste Falcon (1728) and
1122:
4087:Studies in Ancient Technology, Volume 4
3915:
3891:
3879:
3855:
3607:Geselowitz, Michael N. (18 July 2016).
3473:
3471:
3435:
2856:
2776:
2579:
2233:sword beater, North American west coast
2220:
2044:Manufacture of a boxwood flying shuttle
1977:
1793:
1697:
1606:
1451:
841:
752:
424:
248:
3543:
3462:
3450:
1131:
954:Inkle looms are narrow looms used for
88:to facilitate the interweaving of the
62:automatically rolls up the woven cloth
3867:
1943:Using two shuttles for weft stripes,
1581:Shuttleless tablet weaving, Finland (
1505:Battening on a jacquard loom in Łódź.
1379:. Hooghly District, West Bengal, 2019
731:In a wooden vertical-shaft loom, the
312:: shedding, picking, and battening.
7:
4014:Warp and Weft: A Textile Terminology
3930:The Hutchinson Dictionary of Symbols
3903:
3594:
2805:participating institution membership
2164:industrial looms can weave at 2,000
1672:(those in the last image are wooden)
661:Heddle frame - heald frame - harness
453:Santa María del Río, San Luis Potosí
3613:The Institute: The IEEE news source
3372:Morley, Jasmin (8 September 2022).
3144:Morley, Jasmin (8 September 2022).
2544:Symbolism and cultural significance
2097:was one of the key developments in
563:with three heddle-rods for weaving
108:
4089:. Leiden / New York: E. J. Brill.
3515:. Dover Publications. p. 54.
3513:A History of Mechanical Inventions
3362:"Darning Mini Wooden Loom Machine"
3132:"Darning Mini Wooden Loom Machine"
1668:Tapestry bones actually made from
1412:is a mechanical loom, invented by
1355:, since drawloom fabrics found in
993:. Darning looms were sold during
319:. Shedding is pulling part of the
25:
2159:1906 Toyoda circular weaving loom
542:on a backstrap loom with a rigid
185:, "to bend"). Each thread of the
162:Textile manufacturing terminology
128:The word "loom" derives from the
4366:
4222:"The Art and History of Weaving"
4170:from the original on 2005-04-29.
3656:Churchill Candee, Helen (1912).
2720:
2708:
2696:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2633:
2617:
2601:
2582:
2301:
2286:
2274:
2262:
2250:
2238:
2223:
2079:a cloth as wide as their armspan
2061:
2049:
2037:
2016:
1998:
1980:
1951:
1936:
1924:
1912:
1900:
1884:
1872:
1860:
1848:
1836:
1824:
1808:
1796:
1773:
1761:
1745:
1733:
1721:
1712:
1700:
1677:
1661:
1649:
1644:Tapestry bobbins, empty and full
1637:
1625:
1609:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1510:
1498:
1478:
1454:
1449:of the 19th and 20th centuries.
1123:
1115:Elements of a warp-weighted loom
995:World War Two clothing rationing
916:
896:
884:
872:
860:
844:
799:
783:
771:
755:
604:
527:
511:
487:
460:
427:
279:
251:
4226:The Medieval Technology Pages:
3325:from the original on 2021-11-14
3315:Jocelyn C. (22 December 2008).
3101:. 19 March 2020. Archived from
2935:Lush, Emily (9 December 2017).
1752:Netting shuttle. Also used for
1329:Figure harness and the drawloom
1157:(C); they support a horizontal
1068:; more complex weaves, such as
958:. They are used to make narrow
944:Ribbon, Band, and Inkle weaving
200:. The other beam is called the
4217:"Caring for your loom" article
3976:. Princeton University Press.
3639:"Tapestry Weaving with Soumak"
3391:, Allison (27 December 2021).
3163:, Allison (27 December 2021).
2517:producing the fully automatic
1891:Asymmetric open boat shuttle,
1420:with complex patterns such as
1255:A rigid heddle on a backstrap
241:on this type of loom), with a
1:
4153:Business and Economic History
3511:Usher, Abbott Payson (2011).
3280:"Make Your Own Darning Looms"
3033:Science and technology firsts
2468:allow a hand weaver to weave
2126:Weft insertion in power looms
1447:computer punched card readers
1231:Darning loom with hook heddle
903:Tapestry tools, on the loom.
56:, Yorkshire. This loom has a
4663:Thomas Ferguson & Co Ltd
4010:Burnham, Dorothy K. (1980).
3230:Boyne, Jo (3 October 2021).
2608:An early nineteenth century
2400:Two Lancashire looms in the
2151:Weft insertion at 15 seconds
1432:. The loom is controlled by
1111:
308:A loom has to perform three
119:A simple handheld frame loom
3374:"Darning Loom Instructions"
3146:"Darning Loom Instructions"
2480:was viable, but it was the
2422:A 1939 loom working at the
1958:Weaving with three shuttles
982:
934:weaving a tapestry for the
839:are also used in English).
835:
748:(see Loom#Shedding methods)
747:
639:Elements of a treadle loom:
449:Taller Escuela de Rebocería
447:on a backstrap loom at the
418:techniques, and brocading.
361:There are also usually two
27:Device for weaving textiles
4832:
3127:On darning loom function:
2986:Edwards, A. Cecil (1975).
2750:Fashion and Textile Museum
2384:
2375:used in post-processing).
2356:
2329:
2214:
1967:
1401:
1382:
1220:
1191:
1132:See body text for labels.
1041:
1004:
985:Loom#Rotating-hook heddles
973:
947:
815:
658:Rods – used to make a shed
569:
522:are used for the shedding.
504:People's Republic of China
155:
36:
29:
4364:
4122:Marsden, Richard (1895).
4070:10.1017/s0068245400017950
3972:Barber, E. J. W. (1991).
3249:not an independent source
3212:"Katrinkles Darning Loom"
2792:Oxford English Dictionary
2085:(1704–1779) patented the
1202:Simple one-tablet weaving
1113:
1019:Small jigs also used for
4212:Loom demonstration video
4037:Collier, Ann M. (1970).
3928:Tresidder, Jack (1997).
3801:. Bluster Bay Woodworks.
3536:Hobsbawm, Eric (2008) .
2727:A Grecian urn showing a
2640:Handloom at Hjerl Hede,
2548:The loom is a symbol of
2379:Handlooms to power looms
1599:Unnotched stick shuttles
1571:Picking (weft insertion)
1315:Treadle-controlled looms
1005:Not to be confused with
323:threads aside to form a
139:(perfective prefix) and
37:Not to be confused with
4186:Ventura, Carol (2003).
4104:Guest, Richard (1823).
3678:Schacht Spindle Company
3118:and the other 3 entries
3099:"Handloom VS Powerloom"
2913:2027/mdp.39015017458095
2797:Oxford University Press
2296:mounted in a beater bar
1177:(1) is replaced by the
4703:Brigitta Scherzenfeldt
4144:Mass, William (1990).
4085:Forbes, R. J. (1987).
4039:A Handbook of Textiles
3615:. IEEE. Archived from
3216:Around the Table Yarns
2431:
2408:
2354:
2160:
2152:
2139:
2122:
1586:
1583:image of finished band
1380:
1340:
1296:
1260:
1232:
1203:
1143:
1097:
1039:
711:
619:
567:
305:
246:
152:Components and actions
120:
112:
65:
4723:Margaretha Zetterberg
4409:Barber-Colman knotter
4228:"The Horizontal Loom"
3991:Broudy, Eric (1979).
3540:. London. p. 45.
3538:The Age of Revolution
3486:. Springer. pp.
3074:"Know Your Handlooms"
2869:Koster, Joan (1978).
2755:Textile manufacturing
2592:, late 19th century,
2540:had been introduced.
2505:, culminating in the
2452:built and patented a
2421:
2399:
2352:
2158:
2150:
2133:
2120:
2103:Industrial Revolution
2101:that helped fuel the
1580:
1414:Joseph Marie Jacquard
1374:
1338:
1282:
1254:
1230:
1217:Rotating-hook heddles
1201:
1141:
1091:
1034:
966:, and very portable.
936:Niewe Kerk Middelburg
932:TextielMuseum Tilburg
638:
614:
559:
299:
235:
118:
98:
50:Hattersley & Sons
47:
32:Loom (disambiguation)
4732:Employment practices
4693:Margaretha Reichardt
4683:Maria Elisabet Öberg
4648:Micheline Beauchemin
4402:Tools and techniques
4020:Royal Ontario Museum
3974:Prehistoric Textiles
3465:, pp. 218, 220.
3333:– via YouTube.
2590:Model of Navajo Loom
2056:In the shuttle race.
1064:sheds is enough for
930:A power loom in the
600:Pegged or floor loom
72:is a device used to
30:For other uses, see
4811:Textile engineering
4791:Egyptian inventions
4744:Kissing the shuttle
3680:. 20 December 2021.
3236:A Rose Tinted World
3078:DAMA Handloom Store
2795:(Online ed.).
2765:Weaving (mythology)
2703:Handloom from India
2371:(these may be from
1618:warp-weighted looms
655:Back beam or platen
177:Proto-Indo-European
124:Etymology and usage
4617:Warp-weighted loom
4041:. Pergamon Press.
3799:"Weaving Shuttles"
3778:Handwoven Magazine
3752:Handwoven Magazine
3726:Handwoven Magazine
3700:Handwoven Magazine
2841:www.etymonline.com
2823:www.etymonline.com
2746:(documentary film)
2729:warp-weighted loom
2511:Draper Corporation
2432:
2424:Mueller Cloth Mill
2409:
2355:
2353:A temple on a loom
2336:Patented in 1802,
2161:
2153:
2140:
2123:
1587:
1381:
1341:
1297:
1261:
1233:
1204:
1151:warp-weighted loom
1144:
1098:
1040:
1001:Circular handlooms
851:Medieval European
712:
707:Cloth roll- takeup
649:Warp beam- let off
620:
578:warp-weighted loom
572:Warp-weighted loom
568:
561:Warp-weighted loom
552:Warp-weighted loom
416:supplementary warp
306:
247:
121:
113:
66:
4816:Weaving equipment
4778:
4777:
4770:Queen Street Mill
4668:Elisabeth Forsell
4190:. Carol Ventura.
4175:Razy, C. (1913).
3659:The Tapestry Book
3576:on 5 January 2009
3566:"Fabric Glossary"
2941:The Textile Atlas
2803:(Subscription or
2566:Maya civilization
2458:Jacques Vaucanson
2450:Edmund Cartwright
2419:
2402:Queen Street Mill
2397:
2321:Secondary motions
2148:
2118:
2027:
2006:
1988:
1443:Jacques Vaucanson
1394:instead of pegs.
1243:and countershed.
1136:
1135:
1021:circular knitting
1007:circular knitting
925:
667:- heald - the eye
438:
363:secondary motions
310:principal motions
262:
48:A treadle-driven
16:(Redirected from
4823:
4806:Textile industry
4653:Johanna Brunsson
4370:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4234:
4201:
4182:
4171:
4169:
4150:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4100:
4081:
4052:
4033:
4017:
4006:
3987:
3959:
3958:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3925:
3919:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3832:"Circular Looms"
3828:
3822:
3821:
3812:Rajagopalan, S.
3809:
3803:
3802:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3691:
3682:
3681:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3604:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3572:. Archived from
3562:
3556:
3555:
3549:
3541:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3485:
3475:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3415:Rag & Magpie
3407:
3405:
3403:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3378:Purl and Friends
3369:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3227:
3221:
3219:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3188:Rag & Magpie
3179:
3177:
3175:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3150:Purl and Friends
3139:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3070:
3061:
3060:
3036:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3018:. 18 April 2021.
3008:
3002:
3001:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2915:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2879:on 2 March 2014.
2866:
2860:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2800:
2788:
2781:
2724:
2712:
2700:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2637:
2621:
2605:
2586:
2470:broadwoven cloth
2420:
2398:
2359:temple (weaving)
2305:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2254:
2242:
2227:
2217:Beater (weaving)
2199:Projectile looms
2149:
2119:
2065:
2053:
2041:
2029:
2028:
2008:
2007:
1990:
1989:
1955:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1904:
1888:
1876:
1864:
1852:
1840:
1828:
1812:
1800:
1777:
1765:
1749:
1737:
1725:
1716:
1704:
1681:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1629:
1613:
1562:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1514:
1502:
1482:
1465:in use in 2009,
1458:
1320:selected is two
1275:Multiple heddles
1127:
1118:
1117:
1109:
1027:Shedding methods
988:
927:
926:
900:
888:
876:
864:
848:
838:
803:
787:
775:
759:
749:
744:Jacquard machine
679:Completed fabric
608:
591:broadwoven cloth
531:
515:
491:
464:
440:
439:
304:through the shed
283:
264:
263:
243:pawl and ratchet
224:
39:Knitting machine
21:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4820:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4753:
4749:Piece-rate list
4727:
4621:
4592:Lancashire loom
4577:Hattersley loom
4547:
4424:Chilkat weaving
4397:
4371:
4362:
4266:
4261:
4208:
4198:
4185:
4174:
4167:
4148:
4143:
4135:
4133:
4121:
4112:
4110:
4103:
4097:
4084:
4055:
4049:
4036:
4030:
4009:
4003:
3990:
3984:
3971:
3968:
3963:
3962:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3940:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3914:
3910:
3902:
3898:
3890:
3886:
3878:
3874:
3866:
3862:
3854:
3850:
3840:
3838:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3782:
3780:
3772:Moncreif, Liz.
3771:
3770:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3746:Moncreif, Liz.
3745:
3744:
3740:
3730:
3728:
3720:Moncreif, Liz.
3719:
3718:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3694:Moncreif, Liz.
3693:
3692:
3685:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3643:Between and Etc
3637:
3636:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3619:on 1 April 2018
3606:
3605:
3601:
3593:
3589:
3579:
3577:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3542:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3523:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3498:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3461:
3457:
3449:
3442:
3434:
3430:
3420:
3418:
3417:. 16 April 2014
3409:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3382:
3380:
3371:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3347:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3240:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3193:
3191:
3190:. 16 April 2014
3182:
3173:
3171:
3162:
3154:
3152:
3143:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3114:
3110:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3081:
3072:
3071:
3064:
3053:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2998:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2970:
2968:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2904:10.2307/1005732
2889:
2888:
2884:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2855:
2848:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2802:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2773:
2738:
2731:
2725:
2716:
2713:
2704:
2701:
2692:
2678:
2669:
2666:
2657:
2654:
2645:
2638:
2629:
2622:
2613:
2606:
2597:
2594:Brooklyn Museum
2587:
2578:
2550:cosmic creation
2546:
2494:Lancashire Loom
2411:
2391:
2389:
2381:
2361:
2347:
2334:
2328:
2326:Dandy mechanism
2323:
2312:
2306:
2297:
2291:
2282:
2279:
2270:
2267:
2258:
2255:
2246:
2243:
2234:
2228:
2219:
2213:
2166:weft insertions
2142:
2128:
2108:
2073:
2066:
2057:
2054:
2045:
2042:
2033:
2030:
2017:
2012:
2009:
1999:
1994:
1991:
1981:
1976:
1968:Main articles:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1947:
1941:
1932:
1929:
1920:
1917:
1908:
1905:
1896:
1889:
1880:
1877:
1868:
1865:
1856:
1853:
1844:
1841:
1832:
1829:
1820:
1813:
1804:
1801:
1788:
1781:
1778:
1769:
1766:
1757:
1750:
1741:
1738:
1729:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1705:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1673:
1666:
1657:
1654:
1645:
1642:
1633:
1630:
1621:
1614:
1601:
1596:
1573:
1566:
1563:
1554:
1551:
1542:
1539:
1530:
1527:
1518:
1515:
1506:
1503:
1494:
1483:
1474:
1459:
1406:
1400:
1387:
1369:
1331:
1322:to the power of
1317:
1277:
1249:
1225:
1219:
1196:
1190:
1107:
1086:
1046:
1029:
1010:
1003:
981:rotating hooks
978:
972:
952:
946:
939:
928:
917:
912:
901:
892:
889:
880:
877:
868:
865:
856:
849:
820:
814:
807:
804:
795:
788:
779:
776:
767:
760:
746:attached to it
710:
646:Seat for weaver
633:
602:
574:
554:
547:
546:. Norway, 1956.
532:
523:
516:
507:
492:
483:
465:
456:
443:Weaving a silk
441:
428:
420:Balanced weaves
401:Andean textiles
397:
388:
375:
367:tertiary motion
294:
287:
284:
275:
265:
252:
234:
222:
169:
167:Basic structure
164:
154:
126:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Handloom weaver
15:
12:
11:
5:
4829:
4827:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4783:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4767:
4761:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4735:
4733:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4718:Judocus de Vos
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4673:Dorothy Liebes
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4558:
4556:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4506:Tablet weaving
4503:
4502:
4501:
4499:Sizing machine
4491:
4486:
4481:
4479:Salish weaving
4476:
4471:
4466:
4464:Navajo weaving
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4434:Flying shuttle
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4267:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4207:
4206:External links
4204:
4203:
4202:
4196:
4183:
4172:
4141:
4119:
4101:
4095:
4082:
4053:
4047:
4034:
4028:
4007:
4001:
3988:
3982:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3945:
3938:
3920:
3918:, p. 111.
3908:
3896:
3884:
3872:
3860:
3848:
3823:
3804:
3790:
3764:
3738:
3712:
3683:
3665:
3648:
3630:
3599:
3597:, p. 120.
3587:
3570:Christina Lynn
3557:
3528:
3522:978-0486255934
3521:
3503:
3497:978-9400799448
3496:
3467:
3455:
3453:, p. 124.
3440:
3428:
3397:On the Needles
3393:"Darning loom"
3353:
3336:
3307:
3289:
3271:
3253:
3222:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3180:
3169:On the Needles
3165:"Darning loom"
3141:
3120:
3108:
3105:on 2020-12-01.
3090:
3062:
3051:
3021:
3016:Farahan Carpet
3003:
2997:978-0715602560
2996:
2978:
2953:
2927:
2882:
2861:
2859:, p. 104.
2846:
2828:
2810:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2726:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2695:
2693:
2679:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2648:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2598:
2588:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2554:classical myth
2545:
2542:
2503:Dickinson Loom
2462:flying shuttle
2404:weaving shed,
2385:Main article:
2380:
2377:
2357:Main article:
2346:
2343:
2330:Main article:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2300:
2298:
2292:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2237:
2235:
2229:
2222:
2215:Main article:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2189:
2185:
2177:
2127:
2124:
2095:flying shuttle
2087:flying shuttle
2075:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2015:
2013:
2010:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1979:
1970:Flying shuttle
1965:
1964:Flying shuttle
1962:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1950:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1899:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1823:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1760:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1720:
1718:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1624:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1594:Stick shuttles
1592:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1497:
1495:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1460:
1453:
1439:Basile Bouchon
1402:Main article:
1399:
1396:
1383:Main article:
1368:
1365:
1330:
1327:
1316:
1313:
1276:
1273:
1248:
1245:
1221:Main article:
1218:
1215:
1207:Tablet weaving
1194:tablet weaving
1192:Main article:
1189:
1188:Tablet weaving
1186:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1119:
1106:
1103:
1085:
1082:
1044:Shed (weaving)
1042:Main article:
1028:
1025:
1014:Tablet weaving
1002:
999:
991:knitting spool
974:Main article:
971:
968:
948:Main article:
945:
942:
941:
940:
929:
915:
913:
902:
895:
893:
890:
883:
881:
878:
871:
869:
866:
859:
857:
850:
843:
816:Main article:
813:
812:Tapestry looms
810:
809:
808:
805:
798:
796:
794:, Afghanistan.
789:
782:
780:
777:
770:
768:
761:
754:
709:
708:
705:
702:
699:
693:
683:
680:
677:
674:
673:with weft yarn
668:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
640:
632:
629:
601:
598:
570:Main article:
553:
550:
549:
548:
533:
526:
524:
517:
510:
508:
493:
486:
484:
466:
459:
457:
442:
426:
396:
395:Backstrap loom
393:
387:
384:
374:
371:
359:
358:
352:
351:
350:
341:
340:
339:
293:
290:
289:
288:
285:
278:
276:
269:weaving museum
266:
250:
168:
165:
153:
150:
135:, formed from
125:
122:
84:threads under
58:flying shuttle
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4828:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4765:Bancroft Shed
4763:
4762:
4760:
4756:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4708:Clara Sherman
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4597:Northrop loom
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4587:Jacquard loom
4585:
4583:
4582:Horrocks loom
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4550:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4449:Inkle weaving
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4429:Fingerweaving
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4388:Warp and weft
4386:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4369:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4258:
4253:
4251:
4246:
4244:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4229:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4197:0-9721253-1-0
4193:
4189:
4184:
4180:
4179:
4173:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4147:
4142:
4132:on 2018-06-29
4131:
4127:
4126:
4120:
4109:
4108:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4088:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4050:
4048:0-08-018057-4
4044:
4040:
4035:
4031:
4029:0-88854-256-9
4025:
4021:
4016:
4015:
4008:
4004:
4002:9780874516494
3998:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3983:0-691-00224-X
3979:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3956:
3949:
3946:
3941:
3939:1-85986-059-1
3935:
3931:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3900:
3897:
3894:, p. 94.
3893:
3888:
3885:
3882:, p. 76.
3881:
3876:
3873:
3870:, p. 46.
3869:
3864:
3861:
3858:, p. 57.
3857:
3852:
3849:
3837:
3833:
3827:
3824:
3819:
3815:
3808:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3779:
3775:
3768:
3765:
3753:
3749:
3742:
3739:
3727:
3723:
3716:
3713:
3701:
3697:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3661:
3660:
3652:
3649:
3644:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3539:
3532:
3529:
3524:
3518:
3514:
3507:
3504:
3499:
3493:
3489:
3484:
3483:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3456:
3452:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3438:, p. 48.
3437:
3432:
3429:
3416:
3412:
3398:
3394:
3379:
3375:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3311:
3308:
3303:
3302:glowforge.com
3299:
3293:
3290:
3285:
3284:Instructables
3281:
3275:
3272:
3267:
3266:Worth Mending
3263:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3204:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3170:
3166:
3151:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3112:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3052:9780787602567
3048:
3044:
3040:
3039:Gale Research
3035:
3034:
3025:
3022:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2989:
2982:
2979:
2967:
2963:
2957:
2954:
2942:
2938:
2931:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2886:
2883:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2806:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2787:
2780:
2777:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2723:
2718:
2711:
2706:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2684:homestead in
2683:
2680:A loom in an
2676:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2652:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2519:Northrop Loom
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2492:produced the
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2478:Horrocks loom
2474:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2429:
2425:
2407:
2403:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2351:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2333:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2310:
2309:Rigid heddles
2304:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2265:
2260:
2253:
2248:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2221:
2218:
2210:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2157:
2137:
2132:
2125:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2071:
2064:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2040:
2035:
2014:
1996:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1963:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1939:
1934:
1927:
1922:
1915:
1910:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1887:
1882:
1875:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1851:
1846:
1839:
1834:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1806:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1786:Boat shuttles
1785:
1776:
1771:
1764:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1743:
1736:
1731:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:, Bangladesh.
1687:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1659:
1652:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1561:
1556:
1549:
1544:
1537:
1532:
1525:
1520:
1513:
1508:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1471:Uttar Pradesh
1468:
1464:
1463:Jacquard loom
1457:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1434:punched cards
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:Jacquard loom
1405:
1404:Jacquard loom
1398:Jacquard head
1397:
1395:
1393:
1386:
1378:
1373:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1258:
1253:
1247:Rigid heddles
1246:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1229:
1224:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1078:diaper weaves
1075:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1008:
1000:
998:
996:
992:
986:
977:
970:Darning looms
969:
967:
965:
961:
957:
951:
950:Inkle weaving
943:
937:
933:
914:
911:(tip hidden).
910:
906:
899:
894:
887:
882:
875:
870:
863:
858:
854:
847:
842:
840:
837:
832:
831:
826:
819:
811:
802:
797:
793:
786:
781:
774:
769:
765:
764:another image
758:
753:
751:
745:
740:
738:
734:
729:
726:
724:
723:ancient Egypt
719:
717:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
641:
637:
630:
628:
624:
617:
613:
609:
607:
599:
597:
594:
592:
587:
583:
579:
573:
566:
562:
558:
551:
545:
541:
540:inkle weaving
538:weaver doing
537:
530:
525:
521:
514:
509:
505:
501:
500:Hainan Island
497:
490:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
463:
458:
454:
450:
446:
425:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
404:
402:
394:
392:
385:
383:
379:
372:
370:
368:
364:
356:
353:
348:
347:
345:
342:
337:
333:
329:
328:
326:
322:
318:
315:
314:
313:
311:
303:
298:
291:
282:
277:
274:
270:
249:
244:
240:
220:
217:
215:
211:
205:
203:
199:
194:
190:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
166:
163:
159:
151:
149:
146:
142:
138:
134:
131:
123:
117:
110:
107:, works at a
106:
102:
97:
93:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:
40:
33:
19:
4713:Gunta Stölzl
4698:John Rylands
4678:Ethel Mairet
4612:Roberts loom
4562:Air-jet loom
4553:
4458:
4298:Double weave
4187:
4177:
4152:
4134:. Retrieved
4130:the original
4124:
4111:. Retrieved
4106:
4086:
4061:
4057:
4038:
4013:
3992:
3973:
3966:Bibliography
3954:
3948:
3929:
3923:
3916:Collier 1970
3911:
3899:
3892:Marsden 1895
3887:
3880:Marsden 1895
3875:
3863:
3856:Marsden 1895
3851:
3839:. Retrieved
3835:
3826:
3818:the original
3807:
3793:
3781:. Retrieved
3777:
3767:
3755:. Retrieved
3751:
3741:
3729:. Retrieved
3725:
3715:
3703:. Retrieved
3699:
3677:
3668:
3658:
3651:
3642:
3633:
3621:. Retrieved
3617:the original
3612:
3602:
3590:
3578:. Retrieved
3574:the original
3569:
3560:
3537:
3531:
3512:
3506:
3481:
3458:
3436:Burnham 1980
3431:
3419:. Retrieved
3414:
3400:. Retrieved
3396:
3381:. Retrieved
3377:
3365:
3356:
3327:. Retrieved
3317:
3310:
3301:
3292:
3283:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3248:
3239:. Retrieved
3235:
3225:
3215:
3206:
3192:. Retrieved
3187:
3172:. Retrieved
3168:
3153:. Retrieved
3149:
3135:
3123:
3111:
3103:the original
3093:
3082:. Retrieved
3080:. 2020-10-18
3077:
3056:
3032:
3024:
3015:
3006:
2987:
2981:
2969:. Retrieved
2966:White Champa
2965:
2956:
2944:. Retrieved
2940:
2930:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2877:the original
2871:
2864:
2857:Collier 1970
2840:
2831:
2822:
2813:
2790:
2779:
2741:
2682:Old Believer
2589:
2568:the goddess
2547:
2538:rapier looms
2531:
2482:Roberts Loom
2475:
2448:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2382:
2373:stenter pins
2365:loom weights
2362:
2335:
2315:
2231:Coast Salish
2197:Projectile:
2181:air-jet loom
2179:Air jet: An
2170:
2168:per minute.
2162:
2094:
2092:
2076:
1974:Narrow cloth
1817:Rhode Island
1789:
1768:Ski shuttle.
1602:
1588:
1574:
1409:
1407:
1388:
1361:State of Liu
1357:Dura-Europas
1349:State of Chu
1346:
1342:
1332:
1318:
1309:twill weaves
1302:
1298:
1270:
1262:
1259:, unspanned.
1234:
1223:Darning loom
1205:
1183:
1179:counter-shed
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1114:
1099:
1094:Piatra Neamț
1074:satin weaves
1070:twill weaves
1062:
1058:Pile carpets
1047:
1018:
1011:
979:
976:Darning loom
953:
852:
828:
821:
741:
730:
727:
720:
713:
652:Warp threads
631:Treadle loom
625:
621:
603:
595:
575:
471:
405:
398:
389:
380:
376:
366:
362:
360:
354:
343:
316:
309:
307:
300:Passing the
238:
218:
213:
209:
206:
201:
197:
195:
191:
180:
170:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
69:
67:
4796:Han dynasty
4688:Lilly Reich
4643:Otti Berger
4638:Anni Albers
4607:Rapier loom
4338:Plain weave
4278:Basketweave
4113:15 February
3580:21 November
3463:Forbes 1987
3451:Broudy 1979
2338:dandy looms
2294:Reed beater
2192:Rapier loom
2138:rapier loom
1670:cannonbones
1305:tabby weave
1289:tabby-weave
1211:narrow work
1066:tabby weave
1036:Pin weaving
956:narrow work
853:haute-lisse
836:basse-lisse
830:haute-lisse
682:Breast beam
502:, Southern
478:cloth from
474:) to weave
408:narrowcloth
332:tabby weave
239:breast beam
210:takeup roll
130:Old English
99:A woman in
4785:Categories
4739:More looms
4602:Power loom
4572:Dobby loom
4567:Dandy loom
4376:Components
4328:Pile weave
4318:Leno weave
4303:Even-weave
4136:2009-04-19
4096:9004083073
3957:: 157–169.
3868:Guest 1823
3836:Starlinger
3783:12 January
3757:12 January
3731:12 January
3705:12 January
3421:9 December
3241:9 December
3194:9 December
3084:2022-03-24
3041:. p.
2898:(3): 485.
2807:required.)
2771:References
2454:power loom
2444:dandy loom
2430:, Germany.
2428:Euskirchen
2426:museum in
2387:Power loom
2332:dandy loom
1385:dobby loom
1367:Dobby head
1257:inkle loom
1167:heddle-bar
1105:Heddle-bar
960:warp-faced
698:adjustment
643:Wood frame
412:warp-faced
373:Components
198:cloth beam
156:See also:
76:cloth and
4658:Ada Dietz
4552:Types of
4308:Gabardine
4161:0894-6825
4078:193172489
4064:: 36–47.
3904:Mass 1990
3595:Razy 1913
3546:cite book
3402:7 January
3383:7 January
3174:7 January
3155:7 January
2436:handlooms
2211:Battening
1430:matelasse
1392:solenoids
1377:music box
1165:(E). The
1054:peg looms
1050:Pin looms
582:Neolithic
355:Battening
202:warp beam
4801:Machines
4521:Tapestry
4469:Pibiones
4383:Textiles
4288:Coverlet
4165:Archived
3623:31 March
3323:Archived
2736:See also
2686:Slutiški
2626:Jakaltek
2610:Japanese
2515:Hopedale
2507:Keighley
2490:Bullough
2466:John Kay
2369:selvages
2083:John Kay
1473:, India.
1467:Varanasi
1418:textiles
1163:shed rod
1084:Shed-rod
825:tapestry
818:tapestry
716:treadles
704:Treadles
472:legogong
455:, Mexico
317:Shedding
109:vertical
78:tapestry
54:Keighley
4626:Weavers
4489:Shuttle
4283:Charvet
4264:Weaving
3841:27 June
3329:27 June
3058:thread.
2971:3 April
2962:"Abaca"
2946:3 April
2922:1005732
2642:Denmark
2576:Gallery
2558:Arachne
2499:put out
2406:Burnley
2345:Temples
2136:Picanol
2099:weaving
2070:tanmono
2068:Narrow
1945:Estonia
1754:netting
1422:brocade
1293:bogolan
1291:cloth,
1265:heddles
1171:leashes
905:Bobbins
733:heddles
671:Shuttle
616:Qashqai
520:Tablets
476:t'nalak
344:Picking
302:shuttle
292:Motions
158:Weaving
86:tension
4633:Acesas
4536:Wicker
4531:Wattle
4526:Temple
4516:Tāniko
4494:Sizing
4454:Kasuri
4439:Heddle
4414:Beamer
4353:Swivel
4323:Oxford
4313:Lampas
4271:Weaves
4194:
4159:
4093:
4076:
4045:
4026:
3999:
3980:
3936:
3519:
3494:
3490:–220.
3366:Miupie
3136:Miupie
3049:
2994:
2920:
2786:"loom"
2690:Latvia
2570:Ixchel
2562:Athena
2534:Sulzer
2486:temple
2188:1,000.
1893:Khotan
1819:, USA.
1491:Poland
1426:damask
1285:toggle
1263:Rigid
1096:Museum
964:heddle
696:Batten
686:Batten
665:Heddle
544:heddle
468:T'boli
445:rebozo
386:Frames
273:Leiden
145:geloma
133:geloma
105:Turkey
4758:Mills
4554:looms
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