1062:
Suresh P.; Bond, Jason E.; Grismado, Cristian J.; Hasan, Emile; Hedin, Marshal; Izquierdo, Matías A.; Labarque, Facundo M.; Ledford, Joel; Lopardo, Lara; Maddison, Wayne P.; Miller, Jeremy A.; Piacentini, Luis N.; Platnick, Norman I.; Polotow, Daniele; Silva-Dávila, Diana; Scharff, Nikolaj; Szűts, Tamás; Ubick, Darrell; Vink, Cor J.; Wood, Hannah M. & Zhang, Junxia (2017) , "The spider tree of life: phylogeny of
Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling",
20:
1061:
Wheeler, Ward C.; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Crowley, Louise M.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Goloboff, Pablo A.; Griswold, Charles E.; Hormiga, Gustavo; Prendini, Lorenzo; Ramírez, Martín J.; Sierwald, Petra; Almeida-Silva, Lina; Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Benavides Silva, Ligia R.; Benjamin,
417:
study was published online that included 932 spider species, representing all but one of the then known families. It "refutes important higher-level groups", including
Paleocribellatae, Neocribellatae, Araneoclada and Haplogynae. In the preferred cladogram, the "Haplogynae" are divided among a number
1137:
Michalik, Peter & Ramírez, Martín J. (2014), "Evolutionary morphology of the male reproductive system, spermatozoa and seminal fluid of spiders (Araneae, Arachnida)–Current knowledge and future directions",
998:
Garrison, Nicole L.; Rodriguez, Juanita; Agnarsson, Ingi; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Griswold, Charles E.; Hamilton, Christopher A.; Hedin, Marshal; Kocot, Kevin M.; Ledford, Joel M. & Bond, Jason E. (2015).
418:
of clades basal to the
Entelegynae, forming at most a grade. "Haplogynae" in the sense of Coddington (2005) are shaded yellow in the cladogram below; Entelegynae in the same sense are shaded blue. The clade
908:, traditionally placed in Haplogynae, was not included in the analysis by Wheeler et al. However, it is placed in Synspermiata in other studies. The recently discovered haplogyne family
969:
Agnarsson, Ingi; Coddington, Jonathan A. & Kuntner, Matjaž (2013). "Systematics : Progress in the study of spider diversity and evolution". In Penney, David (ed.).
2296:
2301:
823:
are placed outside the traditional haplogynes in the analysis by
Wheeler et al. (2017). Traditional haplogyne families they place in Synspermiata are:
106:
The
Haplogynae are one of the two major groups into which araneomorph spiders were traditionally divided, the other being the Entelegynae. In 2005,
978:
2291:
1100:"A study of the subfamily Archoleptonetinae (Araneae, Leptonetidae) with a review of the morphology and relationships for the Leptonetidae"
256:
is basal to the
Entelegynae. The similarity of some morphological features of Leptonetidae to those of entelegynes had already been noted.
1249:
1388:
941:
1184:"An extraordinary new family of spiders from caves in the Pacific Northwest (Araneae, Trogloraptoridae, new family)"
244:
A study published in 2015 suggested that two families formerly placed in the
Haplogynae do not belong there.
414:
80:
Most of the species within this group have six eyes, as opposed to most other spiders. Spiders in the genus
55:
2286:
107:
2136:
1420:
1242:
920:
24:
1687:
1995:
2060:
1904:
1396:
1081:
2118:
1912:
1797:
1618:
1213:
1165:
1032:
974:
422:
comprises all the ecribellate haplogynes and is consistently recovered, but with low support.
1837:
1811:
1605:
1472:
1235:
1203:
1193:
1155:
1147:
1114:
1071:
1022:
1012:
909:
19:
2259:
2192:
2104:
1889:
1679:
1623:
1464:
1441:
848:
158:
2081:
2040:
1969:
1716:
1584:
1560:
1550:
1493:
1380:
1208:
1183:
1027:
1000:
898:
569:
551:
241:
of some of the groups suggested by morphological studies, while rejecting many others.
87:
2280:
2045:
2032:
1974:
1895:
1881:
1855:
1845:
1816:
1703:
1674:
1592:
1523:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1325:
878:
699:
600:
429:
121:
111:
95:
40:
1099:
1085:
2215:
2210:
2187:
2172:
2113:
2050:
1920:
1788:
1767:
1724:
1651:
1613:
1446:
1436:
1404:
1317:
888:
868:
820:
816:
659:
574:
498:
472:
456:
419:
253:
249:
245:
135:
63:
2182:
2145:
2126:
2090:
2019:
2003:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1775:
1745:
1641:
1501:
1284:
858:
746:
196:
82:
70:
47:
2230:
2221:
2202:
2163:
2154:
2075:
2027:
2011:
1987:
1982:
1961:
1925:
1876:
1860:
1829:
1821:
1758:
1695:
1646:
1576:
1568:
1555:
1542:
1485:
1459:
1428:
1412:
1306:
1151:
1118:
893:
883:
863:
843:
838:
833:
828:
91:
1198:
2177:
2131:
2095:
1850:
1708:
1665:
1659:
1632:
1506:
1454:
1278:
905:
873:
853:
640:
546:
238:
59:
50:. Morphological phylogenetic studies suggested that the Haplogynae formed a
1217:
1169:
1036:
110:
summarized the relationships of these groups as suggested by morphological
1227:
2197:
2055:
1806:
1783:
1600:
1290:
94:; caponiids may even have only two eyes. However, spiders in the family
2068:
1868:
1477:
1188:
1160:
1017:
74:
1076:
1272:
1259:
665:
43:
915:
Several extinct families have also been placed into the haplogynes.
51:
18:
947:. In Ubick, D.; Paquin, P.; Cushing, P.E. & Roth, V. (eds.).
1345:
1303:
1231:
971:
Spider research in the 21st century: trends & perspectives
237:
Subsequent molecular phylogenetic studies have confirmed the
73:, haplogynes lack hardened (sclerotized) female genitalia (
1001:"Spider phylogenomics: untangling the Spider Tree of Life"
90:) have only four eyes, as do some members of the family
46:
have traditionally been divided, the other being the
1098:
Ledford, Joel M. & Griswold, Charles E. (2010),
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
993:
991:
1744:
1531:
1522:
1359:
949:Spiders of North America: an identification manual
951:. American Arachnological Society. pp. 18–24
1449:(funnel-webs or venomous funnel-web tarantulas)
1182:Griswold, C.; Audisio, T.; Ledford, J. (2012).
1243:
8:
1840:(wandering spiders or tropical wolf spiders)
1750:
1535:
1528:
1365:
1356:
1342:
1300:
1250:
1236:
1228:
39:are one of the two main groups into which
1399:(atypical tarantulas or purseweb spiders)
1207:
1197:
1159:
1075:
1026:
1016:
973:. Manchester, UK: Siri Scientific Press.
942:"Phylogeny and classification of spiders"
2297:Extant Middle Jurassic first appearances
2267:are families with more than 1000 species
932:
62:haplogynes do appear to form a clade,
1140:Arthropod Structure & Development
703:(paraphyletic in molecular analyses)
7:
2302:Historically recognized spider taxa
716:
691:
631:
624:
538:
531:
524:
449:
442:
435:
425:
349:
285:
278:
271:
263:
174:
151:
127:
117:
1698:(violin spiders, assassin spiders)
58:refute this, although many of the
14:
912:was also placed in Synspermiata.
1937:(sheet weavers or money spiders)
940:Coddington, Jonathan A. (2005).
1391:(Australian funnel-web spiders)
252:at the base of the Haplogynae;
56:molecular phylogenetic studies
1:
1898:(flat-bellied ground spiders)
1375:(mouse spiders and relatives)
1761:(araneomorph funnel weavers)
98:have the normal eight eyes.
2292:Callovian first appearances
1415:(cork-lid trapdoor spiders)
258:
2318:
1711:(long-legged cave spiders)
1407:(brushed trapdoor spiders)
1383:(folding trapdoor spiders)
2255:
1753:
1729:Trogloraptor marchingtoni
1538:
1368:
1355:
1341:
1313:
1299:
1267:
1152:10.1016/j.asd.2014.05.005
1119:10.11646/zootaxa.2391.1.1
743:
721:
714:
696:
689:
656:
636:
629:
622:
598:
565:
543:
536:
529:
522:
495:
469:
454:
447:
440:
433:
367:
354:
347:
325:
303:
290:
283:
276:
269:
194:
179:
172:
156:
149:
133:
125:
2205:(cribellate orb weavers)
2139:(long jawed orb-weavers)
1791:(anyphaenid sac spiders)
1587:(crevice weaver spiders)
1423:(wafer trapdoor spiders)
1199:10.3897/zookeys.215.3547
501:(ecribellate haplogynes)
2006:(red and black spiders)
1946:(liocranid sac spiders)
1690:(tube-dwelling spiders)
1626:(midget ground weavers)
1488:(funnel-web tarantulas)
1480:(tree trapdoor spiders)
1431:(funnel-web tarantulas)
405:sensu Coddington (2005)
2035:(running crab spiders)
1928:(white-tailed spiders)
1770:(tangled nest spiders)
1595:(large-clawed spiders)
1571:(false violin spiders)
415:molecular phylogenetic
28:
2063:(nursery web spiders)
1998:(cave cobweb spiders)
1990:(spurred orb-weavers)
1907:(dwarf sheet spiders)
1863:(net-casting spiders)
1654:(palp-footed spiders)
1496:(bald-legged spiders)
752:Wheeler et al. (2017)
327:remaining Haplogynae
25:Pholcus phalangioides
22:
16:Infraorder of spiders
2148:(tangle-web spiders)
1915:(tree trunk spiders)
1871:(intertidal spiders)
1800:(orb-weaver spiders)
112:phylogenetic studies
2121:(dwarf orb-weavers)
1608:(lampshade spiders)
1579:(woodlouse hunters)
1328:(segmented spiders)
1320:(segmented spiders)
2155:Theridiosomatidae
2119:Symphytognathidae
2107:(huntsman spiders)
2014:(disc web spiders)
1832:(dark sac spiders)
1682:(spitting spiders)
1467:(dwarf tarantulas)
1018:10.7717/peerj.1719
921:Pholcochyroceridae
29:
2274:
2273:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2225:
2206:
2167:
2158:
2149:
2140:
2122:
2108:
2099:
2085:
2084:(jumping spiders)
2072:
2064:
2036:
2023:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1991:
1978:
1965:
1956:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1916:
1908:
1899:
1885:
1872:
1864:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1801:
1792:
1779:
1778:(termite hunters)
1771:
1762:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1725:Trogloraptoridae
1720:
1719:(armored spiders)
1712:
1699:
1691:
1683:
1669:
1655:
1636:
1627:
1619:Mecysmaucheniidae
1609:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1572:
1564:
1563:(coneweb spiders)
1546:
1545:(pelican spiders)
1518:
1517:
1510:
1509:(true tarantulas)
1497:
1489:
1481:
1468:
1465:Mecicobothriidae
1450:
1432:
1424:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1321:
1077:10.1111/cla.12182
980:978-0-9574530-1-2
807:
806:
798:
797:
789:
788:
780:
779:
771:
770:
762:
761:
678:
677:
669:(Austrochilidae)
611:
610:
587:
586:
511:
510:
484:
483:
413:In 2016, a large
411:
410:
396:
395:
387:
386:
378:
377:
336:
335:
314:
313:
234:
233:
225:
224:
216:
215:
207:
206:
131:Paleocribellatae
2309:
2223:
2204:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2120:
2106:
2097:
2083:
2066:
2062:
2034:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1977:(pirate spiders)
1976:
1964:(shield spiders)
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1914:
1906:
1897:
1884:(velvet spiders)
1883:
1870:
1862:
1839:
1831:
1823:
1812:Cheiracanthiidae
1799:
1790:
1777:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1668:(cellar spiders)
1667:
1653:
1635:(goblin spiders)
1634:
1625:
1624:Ochyroceratidae
1607:
1594:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1562:
1544:
1536:
1529:
1508:
1495:
1487:
1479:
1473:Microstigmatidae
1466:
1448:
1430:
1422:
1421:Cyrtaucheniidae
1414:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1382:
1374:
1366:
1357:
1343:
1327:
1319:
1301:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1229:
1222:
1221:
1211:
1201:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1163:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1104:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1079:
1058:
1041:
1040:
1030:
1020:
995:
986:
984:
966:
960:
959:
957:
956:
946:
937:
910:Trogloraptoridae
815:As shown above,
753:
732:
717:
702:
692:
645:
632:
625:
578:
539:
532:
525:
502:
475:
450:
443:
436:
426:
350:
286:
279:
272:
264:
259:
175:
152:
128:
118:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2260:Spider taxonomy
2235:
2193:Trochanteriidae
2137:Tetragnathidae
1890:Gallieniellidae
1736:
1717:Tetrablemmidae
1532:Non-entelegynes
1514:
1494:Paratropididae
1442:Halonoproctidae
1381:Antrodiaetidae
1351:
1333:
1309:
1295:
1263:
1256:
1226:
1225:
1192:(215): 77–102.
1181:
1180:
1176:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1121:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1060:
1059:
1044:
997:
996:
989:
981:
968:
967:
963:
954:
952:
944:
939:
938:
934:
929:
903:
849:Ochyroceratidae
813:
808:
799:
790:
781:
772:
763:
745:
723:
698:
679:
638:
612:
588:
567:
512:
497:
485:
471:
407:
406:
397:
388:
379:
337:
315:
235:
226:
217:
208:
159:Austrochiloidea
147:Neocribellatae
104:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2315:
2313:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2279:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2166:(crab spiders)
2160:
2152:
2142:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2116:
2111:
2101:
2098:(bark hunters)
2093:
2088:
2078:
2073:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2041:Phrurolithidae
2038:
2033:Philodromidae
2030:
2025:
2022:(lynx spiders)
2017:
2009:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1980:
1972:
1970:Megadictynidae
1967:
1959:
1955:(wolf spiders)
1949:
1941:
1931:
1923:
1921:Homalonychidae
1918:
1910:
1902:
1892:
1887:
1879:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1794:
1786:
1781:
1773:
1765:
1754:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1722:
1714:
1706:
1701:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1672:
1662:
1657:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1629:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1598:
1593:Gradungulidae
1590:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1558:
1553:
1551:Austrochilidae
1548:
1539:
1533:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1507:Theraphosidae
1504:
1502:Porrhothelidae
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1373:Actinopodidae
1369:
1363:
1353:
1352:
1346:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:Heptathelidae
1323:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1232:
1224:
1223:
1174:
1146:(4): 291–322,
1129:
1090:
1070:(6): 574–616,
1042:
987:
979:
961:
931:
930:
928:
925:
924:
923:
902:
901:
899:Tetrablemmidae
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
825:
812:
809:
805:
804:
801:
800:
796:
795:
792:
791:
787:
786:
783:
782:
778:
777:
774:
773:
769:
768:
765:
764:
760:
759:
756:
755:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
731:(Leptonetidae)
720:
715:
713:
710:
709:
706:
705:
695:
690:
688:
685:
684:
681:
680:
676:
675:
672:
671:
655:
652:
651:
648:
647:
644:(Leptonetidae)
635:
630:
628:
623:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
609:
608:
605:
604:
597:
594:
593:
590:
589:
585:
584:
581:
580:
570:Archoleptoneta
564:
561:
560:
557:
556:
552:Austrochilidae
542:
537:
535:
530:
528:
523:
521:
518:
517:
514:
513:
509:
508:
505:
504:
494:
491:
490:
487:
486:
482:
481:
478:
477:
468:
465:
464:
461:
460:
453:
448:
446:
441:
439:
434:
432:
424:
409:
408:
401:
400:
398:
394:
393:
390:
389:
385:
384:
381:
380:
376:
375:
372:
371:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
353:
348:
346:
343:
342:
339:
338:
334:
333:
330:
329:
324:
321:
320:
317:
316:
312:
311:
308:
307:
302:
299:
298:
295:
294:
289:
284:
282:
277:
275:
270:
268:
267:Araneomorphae
262:
232:
231:
228:
227:
223:
222:
219:
218:
214:
213:
210:
209:
205:
204:
201:
200:
193:
190:
189:
186:
185:
178:
173:
171:
167:
166:
163:
162:
155:
150:
148:
144:
143:
140:
139:
132:
126:
124:
116:
103:
100:
88:Tetrablemmidae
54:; more recent
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2314:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2287:Araneomorphae
2285:
2284:
2282:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2224:(ant spiders)
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2159:
2157:(ray spiders)
2153:
2151:
2150:
2143:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:Physoglenidae
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1950:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1932:
1930:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1911:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1856:Cycloctenidae
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1846:Cyatholipidae
1844:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1824:(sac spiders)
1820:
1818:
1817:Cithaeronidae
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1793:
1789:Anyphaenidae
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1768:Amaurobiidae
1766:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1733:
1730:
1723:
1721:
1715:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1704:Stenochilidae
1702:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1688:Segestriidae
1686:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1675:Plectreuridae
1673:
1671:
1670:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1652:Palpimanidae
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1606:Hypochilidae
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1585:Filistatidae
1583:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1565:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:Araneomorphae
1521:
1511:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1461:
1460:Macrothelidae
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1447:Hexathelidae
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1427:
1425:
1419:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1405:Barychelidae
1403:
1401:
1395:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1361:Mygalomorphae
1358:
1354:
1350:
1349:Opisthothelae
1344:
1340:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1318:Liphistiidae
1316:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1261:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1130:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
994:
992:
988:
982:
976:
972:
965:
962:
950:
943:
936:
933:
926:
922:
918:
917:
916:
913:
911:
907:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
879:Plectreuridae
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
824:
822:
818:
810:
803:
802:
794:
793:
785:
784:
776:
775:
767:
766:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
730:
729:Calileptoneta
726:
719:
718:
712:
711:
708:
707:
704:
701:
700:Palpimanoidea
694:
693:
687:
686:
683:
682:
674:
673:
670:
668:
667:
662:
661:
654:
653:
650:
649:
646:
643:
642:
634:
633:
627:
626:
620:
619:
616:
615:
607:
606:
603:
602:
601:Gradungulidae
596:
595:
592:
591:
583:
582:
579:
576:
572:
571:
563:
562:
559:
558:
555:
553:
549:
548:
541:
540:
534:
533:
527:
526:
520:
519:
516:
515:
507:
506:
503:
500:
493:
492:
489:
488:
480:
479:
476:
474:
467:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
452:
451:
445:
444:
438:
437:
431:
430:Araneomorphae
428:
427:
423:
421:
416:
404:
399:
392:
391:
383:
382:
374:
373:
370:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:Leptonetidae
352:
351:
345:
344:
341:
340:
332:
331:
328:
323:
322:
319:
318:
310:
309:
306:
305:Filistatidae
301:
300:
297:
296:
293:
292:Hypochilidae
288:
287:
281:
280:
274:
273:
266:
265:
261:
260:
257:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
230:
229:
221:
220:
212:
211:
203:
202:
199:
198:
192:
191:
188:
187:
184:
183:
177:
176:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
154:
153:
146:
145:
142:
141:
138:
137:
130:
129:
123:
122:Araneomorphae
120:
119:
115:
113:
109:
101:
99:
97:
96:Plectreuridae
93:
89:
85:
84:
78:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
38:
34:
27:
26:
21:
2264:
2220:
2216:Xenoctenidae
2211:Viridasiidae
2188:Trechaleidae
2173:Titanoecidae
2162:
2146:Theridiidae
2144:
2114:Stiphidiidae
2105:Sparassidae
2103:
2096:Senoculidae
2080:
2051:Phyxelididae
2028:Penestomidae
2004:Nicodamidae
1951:
1944:Liocranidae
1935:Linyphiidae
1933:
1913:Hersiliidae
1896:Gnaphosidae
1894:
1822:Clubionidae
1796:
1776:Ammoxenidae
1757:
1728:
1664:
1660:Periegopidae
1631:
1614:Leptonetidae
1437:Euctenizidae
1187:
1177:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1122:, retrieved
1110:
1106:
1093:
1067:
1063:
1008:
1004:
970:
964:
953:. Retrieved
948:
935:
914:
904:
889:Segestriidae
869:Periegopidae
821:Leptonetidae
817:Filistatidae
814:
749:
744:
728:
725:Neoleptoneta
724:
722:
697:
664:
660:Austrochilus
658:
657:
639:
637:
599:
575:Leptonetidae
568:
566:
545:
544:
499:Synspermiata
496:
473:Filistatidae
470:
457:Hypochilidae
455:
420:Synspermiata
412:
402:
369:Entelegynae
368:
355:
326:
304:
291:
254:Leptonetidae
250:Hypochilidae
248:groups with
246:Filistatidae
243:
236:
195:
181:
180:
170:Araneoclada
157:
136:Hypochilidae
134:
105:
81:
79:
68:
64:Synspermiata
36:
32:
30:
23:
2222:Zodariidae
2203:Uloboridae
2183:Trachelidae
2164:Thomisidae
2132:Synotaxidae
2127:Synaphridae
2091:Selenopidae
2082:Salticidae
2067:(including
2061:Pisauridae
2012:Oecobiidae
1996:Nesticidae
1988:Mysmenidae
1962:Malkaridae
1926:Lamponidae
1861:Deinopidae
1830:Corinnidae
1759:Agelenidae
1746:Entelegynae
1696:Sicariidae
1680:Scytodidae
1642:Orsolobidae
1601:Huttoniidae
1577:Dysderidae
1569:Drymusidae
1561:Diguetidae
1543:Archaeidae
1486:Nemesiidae
1429:Dipluridae
1413:Ctenizidae
1285:Chelicerata
1283:Subphylum:
1161:11336/19081
859:Orsolobidae
747:Entelegynae
197:Entelegynae
83:Tetrablemma
71:Entelegynae
69:Unlike the
60:ecribellate
48:Entelegynae
41:araneomorph
2281:Categories
2231:Zoropsidae
2076:Psechridae
2020:Oxyopidae
1983:Miturgidae
1975:Mimetidae
1953:Lycosidae
1905:Hahniidae
1877:Dictynidae
1798:Araneidae
1709:Telemidae
1666:Pholcidae
1647:Pacullidae
1633:Oonopidae
1556:Caponiidae
1389:Atracidae
1307:Mesothelae
1279:Arthropoda
1124:2016-01-09
1064:Cladistics
985:pp. 82–83.
955:2015-09-24
927:References
894:Sicariidae
884:Scytodidae
864:Pacullidae
844:Dysderidae
839:Drymusidae
834:Diguetidae
829:Caponiidae
403:Haplogynae
182:Haplogynae
108:Coddington
92:Caponiidae
37:haplogynes
33:Haplogynae
2178:Toxopidae
1882:Eresidae
1851:Cybaeidae
1838:Ctenidae
1455:Idiopidae
1397:Atypidae
1347:Suborder
1305:Suborder
1291:Arachnida
1271:Kingdom:
1011:: e1852.
906:Telemidae
874:Pholcidae
854:Oonopidae
641:Leptoneta
547:Hickmania
239:monophyly
102:Phylogeny
2198:Udubidae
2056:Pimoidae
1869:Desidae
1807:Arkyidae
1784:Anapidae
1478:Migidae
1277:Phylum:
1273:Animalia
1262:families
1218:22936872
1170:24907603
1113:: 1–32,
1086:35535038
1037:26925338
811:Families
75:epigynes
2069:Halidae
1289:Class:
1260:Araneae
1258:Extant
1209:3428790
1189:ZooKeys
1107:Zootaxa
1028:4768681
44:spiders
1216:
1206:
1168:
1084:
1035:
1025:
977:
666:Thaida
1103:(PDF)
1082:S2CID
1005:PeerJ
945:(PDF)
750:sensu
52:clade
2265:Bold
1214:PMID
1166:PMID
1111:2391
1033:PMID
975:ISBN
819:and
31:The
1204:PMC
1194:doi
1156:hdl
1148:doi
1115:doi
1072:doi
1023:PMC
1013:doi
77:).
35:or
2283::
1212:.
1202:.
1186:.
1164:,
1154:,
1144:43
1142:,
1109:,
1105:,
1080:,
1068:33
1066:,
1045:^
1031:.
1021:.
1007:.
1003:.
990:^
727:+
663:+
554:)
114::
66:.
2071:)
1731:)
1727:(
1251:e
1244:t
1237:v
1220:.
1196::
1158::
1150::
1117::
1074::
1039:.
1015::
1009:3
983:.
958:.
919:†
577:)
573:(
550:(
86:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
