320:
of non-Arab background. It was likely that many members were mawlas as well. The reason for choosing non-Arabs was the lack of tribal loyalties that might compromise an Arab's loyalty to the caliph. It is not uncommon for a person related to the Haras chief to succeed him.
352:. Other accounts also said that the members used whips. The chiefs commonly used swords, and their appointment occasionally were accompanied by ceremonially receiving a sword. The chiefs were also reported to use chains as instrument for
245:, Muslim Abu Abdullah as its chief, and built a guarded room for him inside the mosque that was surrounded by haras members during prayer time. He also had members of the haras walk in front of him with lances in formal processions.
316:, and office of correspondence. The qualification for the chief position likely include military skills, physical strength, loyalty to the caliph and administrative skills. Most of the known haras chiefs were mawali,
364:
The main role of the haras was to act as the personal bodyguards of the caliphs. Haras members were known to guard the caliph even during private meetings, at night and during prayers at the mosque.
1090:
1085:
371:
as his successor and pledge allegiance to him, haras members were sent to intimidate reluctant individuals. Yazid was also reported to have sent some haras members to
367:
Occasionally, they were also used by the reigning caliph to intimidate political opposition. For example, when
Muawiyah demanded that individuals accept his son
312:
The haras was led by a chief, who frequently also held security-related and administrative positions such as responsibility for the official seal, the office of
581:
681:
644:
68:
The personal bodyguards of the caliphs. Haras members were known to guard the caliph even during private meetings, at night and during
1075:
1014:
979:
573:
550:
385:
736:
607:
154:
673:
Apostasie und
Toleranz im Islam: die Entwicklung zu al-Ġazālīs Urteil gegen die Philosophie und die Reaktionen der Philosophen
390:
296:
1080:
218:
241:. Most classical accounts reported that he established the haras after an assassination attempt on him. He appointed a
1006:
971:
280:(Count) Rabi, son of Theodulf, who also served as the Emir's tax collector. Rabi was later removed and executed by
1032:
996:
288:
217:. The caliph had resorted to the use of this unit because the main army of the caliphate was engaged in the
514:
166:
340:
Accounts concerning the haras mentioned that its members were armed with lances or short spears called
265:
254:
170:
133:
313:
292:
372:
325:
206:
186:
174:
435:
1054:
1010:
975:
677:
640:
546:
238:
129:
125:
671:
636:
The
History of Al-Tabari Vol. 10 The Conquest of Arabia: The Riddah Wars A.D. 632-633/A.H. 11
1044:
460:
262:
214:
182:
178:
113:
1002:
Empires of the Silk Road: A History of
Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present
450:
222:
1069:
425:
410:
273:
1000:
965:
634:
537:
700:
281:
1049:
1033:"The Bodyguard of the Caliphs During the Umayyad and the Early Abbasid Periods"
695:
693:
601:
599:
258:
234:
198:
1058:
405:
269:
50:
40:
197:
During the ascension of Abu Bakar as first caliph and the outbreak of the
455:
440:
395:
329:
317:
162:
150:
704:
639:(Fred Donner Translation ed.). State University of New York Press.
515:"Sahabat yang Menjadi Pengawal dan Penjaga Rasulullah dalam Peperangan"
430:
420:
368:
353:
445:
210:
121:
730:
728:
324:
The size of the haras varied, ranging from 300 during the reign of
277:
242:
158:
94:
69:
205:, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam saw combat in the
415:
400:
202:
703:(2014). Muhammad Al-Azhari Abu Al-Mundhir, Saleh bin (ed.).
883:
881:
856:
854:
841:
839:
826:
824:
787:
785:
772:
770:
291:
has compared the haras to other royal bodyguard units of
479:
477:
149:
The Haras were depicted first time during the time of
496:
494:
492:
120:; "the Guard") was a personal bodyguard unit of the
1091:
7th-century establishments in the
Umayyad Caliphate
711:
Pure Mercy in the
Virtues of Al-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam
84:
76:
64:
56:
46:
36:
28:
21:
161:, where several early Muslim strong man such as
539:Kenal Untuk Cinta: Biografi Lengkap Rasulullah
706:Mahd Al-Maram fi Fadil Al-Zubayr bin Al-Awwam
8:
268:(796-822) in 805. The haras were led by the
582:Qatar Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs
233:The haras also appeared during the rule of
213:, and later in pursuing the rebels towards
1086:Military history of the Umayyad Caliphate
1048:
665:
663:
815:
189:served as the prophet's personal Haras.
947:
935:
923:
911:
899:
887:
860:
845:
830:
791:
776:
761:
483:
473:
132:. The haras was also instituted in the
633:Ibn Jarir at-Tabari, Muhammad (2015).
18:
201:, the Haras wa al-Shurta units under
7:
872:
803:
500:
295:societies, generally referred to as
964:Wolf, Kenneth Baxter (8 May 2014).
117:
348:) and iron clubs or maces called '
16:Personal bodyguards of the Caliphs
14:
967:Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain
545:(in Malay). Galeri ilmu sdn bhd.
386:Anglo-Saxon military organization
375:to ensure Abdullah's allegiance.
676:(in German). BRILL. p. 61.
209:against the rebels who attacked
88:Lances or short spears (hirab),
574:"The Guards of the Prophet - I"
284:for alleged misappropriations.
257:, Al-Haras was established by
1:
536:Joll, Muhadir Haji · (2018).
229:Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus
328:and 500 during the reign of
90:Iron clubs or maces (Umud),
701:al-Hanbali, Ibn al-Mubarrad
1107:
1050:10.3989/alqantara.2015.009
1007:Princeton University Press
972:Cambridge University Press
1076:9th century in al-Andalus
997:Beckwith, Christopher I.
237:(r. 661–680), the first
80:Size of the haras varied
1031:Perlman, Yaara (2015).
670:Griffel, Frank (2000).
513:Juriyanto, Moh (2020).
289:Christopher I. Beckwith
173:, Dzakwan ibn al-Qays,
136:in contemporary Spain.
272:leader of the secular
193:Rashidun Caliphate era
737:"Saad bin Abi Waqas"
735:Fahmi, Hadi (2018).
608:"Saad bin Abi Waqas"
606:Fahmi, Hadi (2018).
1081:Medieval bodyguards
926:, pp. 328–329.
914:, pp. 325–326.
373:Abdullah ibn Zubair
326:Umar ibn Abdul Aziz
219:Expedition of Balqa
207:battle of Zhu Qissa
187:Abu Ayyub al-Ansari
175:Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
167:Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
60:Personal bodyguards
974:. pp. 13–14.
255:Emirate of Córdoba
249:Emirate of Córdoba
134:Emirate of Córdoba
806:, pp. 13–14.
713:]. p. 86
683:978-90-04-11566-8
646:978-1-4384-0140-9
517:. Bincang Syariah
203:Ali ibn Abi Talib
103:
102:
1098:
1062:
1052:
1027:
1025:
1023:
992:
990:
988:
951:
945:
939:
933:
927:
921:
915:
909:
903:
897:
891:
885:
876:
870:
864:
858:
849:
843:
834:
828:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
780:
774:
765:
759:
753:
752:
750:
748:
732:
723:
722:
720:
718:
697:
688:
687:
667:
658:
657:
655:
653:
630:
624:
623:
621:
619:
603:
594:
593:
591:
589:
580:. Doha - Qatar:
570:
564:
563:
561:
559:
544:
533:
527:
526:
524:
522:
510:
504:
498:
487:
481:
276:in Cordoba, the
119:
19:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1066:
1065:
1030:
1021:
1019:
1017:
995:
986:
984:
982:
963:
960:
955:
954:
946:
942:
934:
930:
922:
918:
910:
906:
898:
894:
886:
879:
871:
867:
859:
852:
844:
837:
829:
822:
814:
810:
802:
798:
790:
783:
775:
768:
760:
756:
746:
744:
734:
733:
726:
716:
714:
699:
698:
691:
684:
669:
668:
661:
651:
649:
647:
632:
631:
627:
617:
615:
605:
604:
597:
587:
585:
572:
571:
567:
557:
555:
553:
542:
535:
534:
530:
520:
518:
512:
511:
507:
499:
490:
482:
475:
470:
465:
461:Varangian Guard
381:
362:
338:
310:
305:
266:Emir of Córdoba
253:In the Umayyad
251:
231:
215:Dumat al-Jandal
195:
183:Abbad ibn Bishr
179:Bilal ibn Rabah
171:Sa'd ibn Mu'adh
147:
142:
106:
98:
93:
91:
89:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1104:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1043:(2): 315–340.
1028:
1016:978-1400829941
1015:
1009:. p. 25.
993:
981:978-1107634817
980:
959:
956:
953:
952:
950:, p. 330.
940:
938:, p. 329.
928:
916:
904:
902:, p. 326.
892:
890:, p. 325.
877:
865:
863:, p. 322.
850:
848:, p. 324.
835:
833:, p. 323.
820:
808:
796:
794:, p. 319.
781:
779:, p. 318.
766:
764:, p. 317.
754:
724:
689:
682:
659:
645:
625:
595:
565:
551:
528:
505:
488:
486:, p. 327.
472:
471:
469:
466:
464:
463:
458:
453:
451:Somatophylakes
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
382:
380:
377:
361:
358:
337:
334:
309:
306:
304:
301:
250:
247:
239:Umayyad caliph
230:
227:
223:Usama ibn Zayd
194:
191:
146:
143:
141:
138:
104:
101:
100:
86:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
38:
34:
33:
30:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1103:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1018:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
994:
983:
977:
973:
969:
968:
962:
961:
957:
949:
944:
941:
937:
932:
929:
925:
920:
917:
913:
908:
905:
901:
896:
893:
889:
884:
882:
878:
875:, p. 14.
874:
869:
866:
862:
857:
855:
851:
847:
842:
840:
836:
832:
827:
825:
821:
818:, p. 25.
817:
816:Beckwith 2009
812:
809:
805:
800:
797:
793:
788:
786:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
763:
758:
755:
742:
738:
731:
729:
725:
712:
708:
707:
702:
696:
694:
690:
685:
679:
675:
674:
666:
664:
660:
648:
642:
638:
637:
629:
626:
613:
609:
602:
600:
596:
583:
579:
575:
569:
566:
554:
552:9789830977430
548:
541:
540:
532:
529:
516:
509:
506:
503:, p. 13.
502:
497:
495:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
467:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
426:Rashidun army
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
383:
378:
376:
374:
370:
365:
359:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
335:
333:
331:
327:
322:
319:
315:
307:
302:
300:
298:
294:
293:Indo-European
290:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
264:
260:
256:
248:
246:
244:
240:
236:
228:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
192:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
144:
139:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
115:
111:
105:Military unit
96:
87:
83:
79:
75:
72:at the mosque
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:
51:Caliphal Army
49:
45:
42:
39:
35:
31:
27:
20:
1040:
1036:
1020:. Retrieved
1001:
985:. Retrieved
966:
948:Perlman 2015
943:
936:Perlman 2015
931:
924:Perlman 2015
919:
912:Perlman 2015
907:
900:Perlman 2015
895:
888:Perlman 2015
868:
861:Perlman 2015
846:Perlman 2015
831:Perlman 2015
811:
799:
792:Perlman 2015
777:Perlman 2015
762:Perlman 2015
757:
745:. Retrieved
740:
715:. Retrieved
710:
705:
672:
650:. Retrieved
635:
628:
616:. Retrieved
611:
586:. Retrieved
578:ISLAMWEB.NET
577:
568:
556:. Retrieved
538:
531:
519:. Retrieved
508:
484:Perlman 2015
411:German Guard
366:
363:
349:
345:
341:
339:
323:
311:
308:Organization
286:
252:
232:
196:
148:
145:Muhammad era
109:
107:
32:660s – 1250s
1022:15 December
987:30 December
344:(plural of
314:chamberlain
282:crucifixion
124:during the
1070:Categories
1037:Al-Qanṭara
747:1 December
717:1 December
652:14 October
618:1 December
588:5 December
558:1 December
521:1 December
468:References
436:Mannerbund
287:Professor
274:Christians
270:Visigothic
259:Al-Hakam I
235:Muawiyah I
199:Ridda wars
37:Allegiance
1059:1988-2955
873:Wolf 2014
804:Wolf 2014
743:. Mawdoo3
614:. Mawdoo3
501:Wolf 2014
406:Gabiniani
391:Comitatus
297:Comitatus
221:, led by
85:Equipment
41:Caliphate
999:(2009).
456:Thingmen
441:Maryannu
396:Druzhina
379:See also
360:Function
330:al-Mahdi
318:freedman
163:Abu Bakr
151:Muhammad
130:Abbasids
128:and the
126:Umayyads
958:Sources
741:Mawdoo3
612:Mawdoo3
543:(Ebook)
431:Leidang
421:Huskarl
354:torture
303:Service
263:Umayyad
155:prophet
122:caliphs
92:Whips,
70:prayers
1057:
1013:
978:
680:
643:
584:. 2013
549:
446:Mesedi
336:Weapon
261:, the
211:Medina
185:, and
140:Origin
114:Arabic
99:Chains
95:Swords
47:Branch
29:Active
22:Haras
709:[
369:Yazid
346:harba
342:hirab
278:Comes
243:mawla
159:Islam
118:الحرس
110:haras
24:الحرس
1055:ISSN
1024:2014
1011:ISBN
989:2014
976:ISBN
749:2021
719:2021
678:ISBN
654:2021
641:ISBN
620:2021
590:2021
560:2021
547:ISBN
523:2021
416:Hird
401:Fyrd
350:umud
108:The
77:Size
65:Role
57:Type
1045:doi
157:of
1072::
1053:.
1041:36
1039:.
1035:.
1005:.
970:.
880:^
853:^
838:^
823:^
784:^
769:^
739:.
727:^
692:^
662:^
610:.
598:^
576:.
491:^
476:^
356:.
332:.
299:.
225:.
181:,
177:,
169:,
165:,
153:,
116::
97:,
1061:.
1047::
1026:.
991:.
751:.
721:.
686:.
656:.
622:.
592:.
562:.
525:.
112:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.