996:
732:
533:
maintenance in an incremental manner. The upgrade also replaced the composite rear fuselage of the GR7 with one made of metal which was less vulnerable to damage from engine vibrations. The first of the incremental improvements started with software upgrades to the communications, ground proximity warning and navigation systems, followed by the integration of the AGM-65 Maverick air-to-ground missile. Capability C added the RAF's
Rangeless Airborne Instrumentation Debriefing System (RAIDS), Raytheon's Successor Identification Friend or Foe (SIFF) system and the Paveway guided bombs. The Digital Joint Reconnaissance Pod (DJRP) was added as part of Capability D.
567:
1219:
1235:
1211:
333:
496:
816:
988:
324:. The first prototype flew in 1981, first BAe-built development GR5 flew for the first time on 30 April 1985 and the aircraft entered service in July 1987. The GR5 had many differences from the USMC AV-8B Harriers, such as avionics fit, armaments and equipment; the wing of the GR5 featured a stainless steel leading edge, giving it different flex characteristics from the AV-8B. In December 1989, the first RAF squadron to be equipped with the Harrier II was declared operational.
348:, providing significant weight reduction and increased payload or range. A new one-piece wing provides around 14 per cent more area and increased thickness. The wing and leading-edge root extensions allows for a 6,700-pound (3,035 kg) payload increase over a 1,000 ft (300 m) takeoff compared with the first generation Harriers. The RAF's Harrier IIs feature an additional missile pylon in front of each wing landing gear, as well as strengthened
1512:
1011:
412:
400:
42:
1526:
300:; operational experience had highlighted demand for a more capable aircraft. The British government had only a minor requirement, for up to 60 Harriers at most and competing pressures on the defence budget left little room for frivolous expenditure such as the Advanced Harrier. A lack of government backing for developing the necessary engine of the new aircraft, the
777:, the standard and quality of maintenance on the Harrier fleet had fallen dramatically; several airframes had been considerably damaged and one likely destroyed due to mistakes made, the time taken to perform the servicing had risen from 100 days to 155 days, and the cost per aircraft had also risen to more than ten times that of the prior arrangements performed by
870:, some of the 72 Harrier IIs were to fly again, as the USMC planned to equip two squadrons with GR.9/9A models due to the well-maintained condition of the airframes when inspected at RAF Cottesmore, where the aircraft were stored and maintained by a skeleton crew of technicians following their retirement. This was contradicted by the
765:(ISAF); Harrier GR7s would be progressively withdrawn in favour of the newer Harrier GR9. Following five years of continuous operations in Afghanistan, the last of Britain's Harriers were withdrawn from the Afghan theatre in June 2009, having flown over 22,000 hours on 8,500 sorties, they were replaced by several RAF Tornado GR4s.
758:. Between July and September 2006, the theatre total for munitions deployed by British Harriers on planned operations and close air support to ground forces rose from 179 to 539, the majority being CRV-7 rockets. The Harrier IIs had also switched to 24-hour availability, having formerly operated mostly during the day.
747:, Afghanistan, replacing a US detachment of AV-8Bs in the region. On 14 October 2005, a Harrier GR7A was destroyed and another was damaged while parked on the tarmac at Kandahar by a Taliban rocket attack. No one was injured in the attack; the damaged Harrier was repaired, while the destroyed aircraft was replaced.
308:
foreign buyer was found and
Britain had a plan to improve the Harrier with a new, larger metal wing. In 1980, the UK considered if the American program would meet their requirements – their opinion was that it required modification, thus the MDD wing design was altered to incorporate the British-designed
1664:(FLIR) had proven to have too low a resolution for the urban close air support missions, often being unable to distinguish between enemy and friendly coalition ground troops. The Sniper pod was reportedly capable of identifying weapons caches and even individuals carrying weapons from a safe altitude.
315:
The UK agreement included the involvement of
British Aerospace (BAe) as a major subcontractor, manufacturing sections such as the rear fuselage for all customers of the AV-8B. The Harrier II was an Anglicised version of the AV-8B, British Aerospace producing the aircraft as the prime contractor, with
1628:, however it was found to have involved considerable expense and have required significant development work to successfully integrate the radar; at the same time, the need to provide a dedicated seaborne air superiority capability had not been judged to be a high priority to justify such expenditure.
548:
communications link, an auxiliary communications system, and a
Tactical Information Exchange Capability (TIEC) system that was planned to by deployed on both the Harrier II and the Tornado GR4. In July 2007, BAE Systems completed the final of seven Harrier GR9 replacement rear fuselages for the MoD.
532:
A further major upgrade programme from the GR7 standard was conducted; the
Harrier GR9. The GR9 was developed via the Joint Update and Maintenance Programme (JUMP), which significantly upgraded the Harrier fleet's avionics, communications systems, and weapons capabilities during scheduled periods of
1637:
Group
Captain Andy Golledge described the Harrier GR7 as being "a truly multi-mission offensive-support aircraft able to conduct air interdiction, close air support, presence, and tactical reconnaissance... importantly, the GR7 can perform any combination of these four mission types during a single
307:
Due to US interest, work proceeded on the development of a less ambitious successor, a
Harrier fitted with a larger wing and making use of composite materials in its construction. Two prototypes were built from existing aircraft and flew in 1978. The US government was content to continue if a major
474:
role. A more advanced model, designated as the
Harrier GR7, was developed primarily to add a night-time operational capability and avionics improvements. The GR7 development programme operated in conjunction with a similar USMC initiative upon its AV-8B Harrier fleet. Additional avionics include a
693:
were changed to allow
Harriers to use GPS navigation and targeting during medium-altitude bombing missions. A total of 870 Harrier II sorties were carried out during the 78-day bombing campaign. The BBC reported the Harrier II had been achieving 80% direct hit rate during the conflict; a later
1610:
During the late 1970s, Britain had been planning to retrofit the RAF's existing
Harrier GR3s to become 'big wing' Harriers, provisionally designated as Harrier GR5 but before the decision was finalised, the alternative option of cooperation in the US program was presented and ultimately opted
2484:
1682:
According to aviation author Lon Nordeen, the RAF had originally intended to modernise its first generation T.4/4A two-seat trainers in order to perform the trainer role for the Harrier II; however pilots noted that training upon a variant in which the cockpit and controls would be far more
447:, a radar-guided missile. The Sea Harrier had a radar since its introduction and the USMC later equipped their AV-8B Harriers with a radar as part of the AV-8B+ upgrade; however Britain's Harrier IIs never carried a radar. When the Sea Harrier was retired, it was suggested that its
248:
In December 2010, budgetary pressures led to the early retirement of all Harrier IIs from service, at which point it was the last of the Harrier derivatives remaining in British service. In March 2011, the decision to retire the Harrier was controversial as there was no immediate
720:, a key Iraqi city, Harriers conducted multiple strike missions against Iraqi fuel depots to cripple enemy ground vehicles; other priority targets for the Harriers included tanks, boats, and artillery. According to Nordeen, roughly 30 per cent of all RAF Harrier operations were
674:, a great emphasis was placed on inter-service interaction across the organisation. The combined Joint Force Harrier served as the basis for future expeditionary warfare and naval deployments. In the long term, JFH also served as a pilot scheme for the joint operation of the
491:
suite, new cockpit displays and a replacement moving map system. The GR7 conducted its maiden flight in May 1990 and entered service in August 1990. Following the full delivery of 34 Harrier GR7s in 1991, all of the GR5s underwent avionics upgrades to become GR7s as well.
2743:
312:. In 1982, the UK opted to become fully involved in the joint US–UK programme. The US and UK agreement to proceed included a British contribution of US$ 280 million to cover development costs to meet their own requirements and to purchase at least 60 aircraft.
842:. The decision to retire the Harrier was controversial, with some senior officers calling for the Panavia Tornado to be retired as an alternative; the decision having left Britain without any fixed-wing aircraft capable of flying from the navy's aircraft carriers.
360:(ECM) system, also proposed for the USMC AV-8 (which retained, after an evaluation, the original ALQ-164). ZEUS was one of the main systems in the British design, being a modern and costly apparatus, with an estimated cost of $ 1.7 million per set.
2647:
852:
prior to retirement. The fleet's last operational flights occurred on 15 December 2010 with fly pasts over numerous military bases. In November 2011, the Ministry of Defence sold 72 Harrier IIs, along with spare parts, to the
515:
engines, correspondingly redesignated as GR7A; these Harriers had significantly improved takeoff and landing capabilities, and could carry greater payloads. In order to guide laser-guided bombs, from 1998 onwards a number of
582:, a standing force maintained to deter Soviet aggression against the West and, in the event of war, to carry out ground attacks. As the Harrier II had significantly greater range and survivability than its predecessor the
670:(JFH) command organisation, which was brought about following the 1998 Strategic Defence Review. Under JFH, RAF Harrier IIs would routinely operate alongside the Royal Navy's Sea Harriers. The main JFH operating base was
520:
laser designator pods were made available to the Harrier II fleet, however these proved to be extremely scarce and often unavailable for pilot training. In response to difficulties experienced while communicating with
633:
navigation for operations in the theatre. More than 126 strike sorties were carried out by Harrier IIs, often assisted by Jaguar fighter-bombers acting as designators for laser-guided bombs such as the
689:
and 12 Harrier GR7s. On 27 April 1999, during a mission to attack a Serbian military depot, RAF Harriers came under heavy anti-aircraft fire, but did not suffer losses as a result. In April 1999, the
1673:
According to Royal Navy Commander Toby Elliott, he had faced considerable internal opposition over the introduction of the Harrier II to the navy's aircraft carriers due to inter-service rivalries.
892:
The GR5 was the RAF's first model of the second-generation Harrier. The GR5 considerably differed from the USMC AV-8B in terms of avionics, armaments and countermeasures. Forty one GR5s were built.
229:. The Harrier II participated in numerous conflicts, making significant contributions in combat theatres such as Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. The type's main function was as a platform for
3658:
2879:
2651:
1683:
comparable to the newer Harrier II would have greater benefits and have less limitations, thus in 1990 the Ministry of Defence placed an order for 14 combat-capable twin-seat aircraft.
995:
2915:
964:
Update of the trainers to accompany the GR9. Nine T10 aircraft received the JUMP updates under the designation T12, however these would retain the less powerful Pegasus 105 engine.
1402:
8 (under-wing pylon stations 1A & 7A are intended for air-to-air missiles only.) with a capacity of 8,000 lb (3,650 kg) of payload, with provisions to carry combinations of:
2713:
2094:
2744:"Sea Harrier cuts leave the fleet exposed The decision to retire the decisive weapon of the Falklands conflict means the Navy will have to rely on America for air support"
2691:
908:
The GR7 is an upgraded model of the GR5. The first GR7 conducted its maiden flight in May 1990, and made its first operational deployment in August 1995 over the former
3856:
3093:
2140:
663:-class carriers also received multiple adaptations for greater compatibility with the Harrier II, including changes to the communications, lighting and flight deck.
651:. Operational naval deployments began in 1997. The capability soon proved useful: in 1998, a deployment was conducted to Iraq via aircraft carriers stationed in the
1647:
The adoption of the uprated Pegasus Mk 107 engine removed several environmental limitations previously imposed upon the Harrier II; in hot environments such as the
1581:
1899:
2793:
731:
944:
The Harrier GR9A is an avionics and weapons upgrade of the uprated engined GR7As. All GR9s were capable of accepting the Mk 107 Pegasus engine to become GR9As.
4371:
3634:
3843:
544:
targeting pod replaced the less accurate TIALD in 2007, under an Urgent Operational Requirement (UOR) for Afghanistan. Capability E would have included a
713:
missile, which reportedly was a noticeable contribution to the Harrier's operations over Iraq; a total of 38 Mavericks were launched during the campaign.
4228:
828:
2226:
1051:
2828:
3677:
553:
was awarded a contract to perform upgrades and maintain the Harrier II fleet until 2018, which was the predicted out of service date for the type.
4361:
762:
724:
missions, supporting advancing allied ground troops. In April 2003, the Ministry of Defence admitted that RAF Harriers had deployed controversial
2502:
253:
replacement in its role or fixed-wing carrier-capable aircraft left in service at the time; in the long term, the Harrier II was replaced by the
4396:
4356:
4330:
3887:
2888:
836:
3048:
740:
709:
missile launchers to prevent their use against neighbouring Kuwait. Prior to the war, the Harriers had been equipped with a new armament, the
4391:
4165:
3739:
3592:
Delivering front line capability to the RAF: third report of session 2005–06; report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence
2912:
788:
service and the Harrier GR7/9 fleet was tasked with the missions that it used to share with those aircraft. The former Sea Harrier squadron
4376:
452:
3035:
1907:
4351:
2673:
924:. GR7As upgraded to GR9 standard retain the A designation as GR9As. The Mk 107 engine provides around 3,000 lbf (13 kN) extra
956:
of the Harrier II; based on the USMC Harrier trainer the TAV-8B. Unlike their American counterparts, the T10s are fully combat-capable.
470:
Even prior to the Harrier GR5 entering service, it was clear that alterations were required for the aircraft to be more capable in the
4304:
2176:
1557:
858:
602:
from 1993 onwards. In 1994, the last of the RAF's first generation Harriers was retired, the Harrier II having taken over its duties.
266:
254:
200:
184:
171:
3811:
3762:
3718:
3697:
3671:
3623:
3604:
3521:
2343:
832:
675:
642:
223:
2761:
694:
Parliamentary Select Committee found that 24% of munitions expended in the theatre by all RAF aircraft had been precision weapons.
566:
2710:
728:
cluster bombs in Iraq. Both the British and American Harrier squadrons were withdrawn from operations in Iraq during Summer 2003.
3848:
2949:
2102:
1149:
222:
organisation, both the RAF and RN operated the Harrier II under the RAF's Air Command, including deployments on board the navy's
972:
Equivalent to the T.12, however differs by being equipped with the newer and more powerful Mk 107 Pegasus engine of the GR7A/9A.
4366:
4185:
2688:
590:
operations. By the end of 1990, the Harrier II was approaching full operational status with several squadrons. During the 1991
484:
459:
340:
The Harrier II is an extensively modified version of the first generation Harrier GR1/GR3 series. The original aluminium alloy
845:
On 24 November 2010, the Harrier made its last ever flight from a carrier, incidentally also the last flight from the carrier
4221:
4058:
4011:
3853:
2252:
778:
2195:
1218:
387:
stability of the aircraft made the Harrier II fundamentally easier to fly than the first generation Harrier GR1/GR3 models.
2445:
1238:
Digitally manipulated image of the interior of a Harrier cockpit while preparing to take off from the aircraft carrier HMS
900:
The GR5A was a minor variant, incorporating design changes in anticipation of the GR7 upgrade. Twenty-one GR5As were built.
4283:
3983:
3937:
2621:
2148:
2009:
1586:
1552:
1170:
541:
383:
to provide a significantly improved all-round view. A combination of the new design of the control system and the greater
376:
827:
The Harrier GR9 was expected to stay in service at least until 2018. However, on 19 October 2010 it was announced in the
629:. Both attack and reconnaissance missions were carried out by the Harriers, which had been quickly modified to integrate
1972:
1234:
594:, the Harrier II was considered to be too immature to be deployed. However, several aircraft were dispatched to patrol
4381:
4136:
4053:
3957:
1331:
936:
The GR9 is an upgrade of the GR7, focused on the Harrier II's avionics and weapons. Upgraded under the JUMP programme.
805:
2805:
2210:
3927:
3880:
1210:
1195:
1116:
854:
705:. When war broke out, Harriers flew reconnaissance and strike missions inside Southern Iraq, reportedly to destroy
621:
forces to the region as a deterrent to further escalations in violence. A squadron of Harrier IIs was stationed at
488:
368:
332:
297:
549:
The fuselage components were designed and built as part of a three-year £20 million programme. In July 2008,
540:
began, however the Brimstone would remain uncleared for deployment on the GR9 by the type's early retirement. The
4386:
4320:
4214:
3978:
2472:
1485:
982:
871:
755:
357:
638:. Bosnia was reportedly the first air campaign in which the majority of ordnance expended was precision-guided.
4325:
4180:
1661:
1469:
883:
622:
476:
3231:
435:
missile for air combat. The Sidewinder had proven effective for Royal Navy's Sea Harriers against Argentinian
3472:"Catalogue description Harrier GR5: Strike Attack Operational Evaluation Unit (SAOEU); Aircraft and Armament"
4278:
4175:
4078:
3988:
3917:
583:
579:
277:
167:
2232:
1850:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4126:
4121:
3973:
1070:
793:
789:
717:
682:
309:
78:
761:
In January 2007, the Harrier GR9 began its first operational deployment at Kandahar, as part of the NATO
4170:
4086:
4063:
4043:
4038:
4033:
3873:
3773:
3596:
3560:
3532:
3488:
1517:
495:
456:
3414:
2499:
815:
367:(HUD), two head-down displays known as multi-purpose colour displays (MPCD), a digital moving map, an
3778:
3565:
1112:
987:
4195:
4190:
4149:
4116:
3952:
3947:
1127:
1045:
921:
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801:
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While initial operations in Afghanistan had focused on intimidation and reconnaissance, demand for
690:
667:
571:
537:
512:
480:
436:
219:
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4111:
3998:
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2544:
2034:
1039:
1033:
1027:
953:
866:
595:
345:
3471:
3448:
3206:
808:(OCU), was disbanded; No. 4 Squadron also disbanded and reformed as No. 4 (Reserve) Squadron at
4206:
773:
In 2005, allegations emerged in Parliament that, following the transfer of servicing duties to
4144:
4106:
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3758:
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3570:
3540:
3517:
3500:
3339:
3074:
3017:
2766:
2648:"RN and RAF Harrier combat ops gear up as Royal Navy crews join the fight against the Taleban"
2339:
1448:
1076:
857:
for £116 million (US$ 180 million); the aircraft to be used as a source of components for the
797:
721:
289:
281:
234:
87:
83:
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3314:
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2506:
2180:
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1435:
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1138:
1021:
874:(NAVAIR) in June 2012, who stated that the USMC never planned to operate ex-RAF Harriers.
710:
698:
686:
384:
364:
293:
285:
188:
113:
63:
3569:. Vol. 127, no. 3962. London, UK: Reed Business Information. pp. 148–151.
2771:
4068:
4025:
3932:
3782:. Vol. 130, no. 4020. London, UK: Reed Business Information. pp. 23–25.
3751:
3539:. Vol. 138, no. 4233. London, UK: Reed Business Information. pp. 50–57.
3013:
774:
671:
626:
444:
428:
1651:
the take-off and landing performance could become insufficient for carrier operations.
4345:
2881:
Securing Britain in an Age of Uncertainty: The Strategic Defence and Security Review.
2607:
2416:
1101:
1065:
809:
785:
440:
424:
380:
356:
requirements. Among the major differences with the American cousin, was the new ZEUS
316:
McDonnell Douglas serving as a sub-contractor; final assembly work was performed at
1648:
1452:
1227:
751:
656:
652:
641:
In June 1994, the newly introduced GR7 was deployed for trials on board the Navy's
587:
500:
349:
3094:"USMC hopes new method for tracking fatigue life will help extend Harrier to 2030"
2794:"Out with the Old in with the New – Renumbering Parade Royal Air Force Cottesmore"
659:
were performed by carrier-based Harrier GR7s and Royal Navy Sea Harrier FA2s. The
3729:
3708:
3590:
3900:
1393:
1000:
471:
443:; however, from 1993 the Sea Harrier FA2 could also carry the much longer-range
353:
242:
91:
3461:
AP101B-0607-15B Harrier GR.7 Nav Attack Systems "Summary of Attack Limitations"
3692:. Warbird Tech. Vol. 21. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 1998.
1621:
1507:
1062:
909:
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reformed with ex-RAF Harrier GR7/9s in April 2006 and joined by the re-formed
635:
614:
526:
448:
415:
403:
250:
192:
118:
41:
3854:
Defense Industry Daily: AV-8B Harrier finding Success in Iraq (30 March 2005)
3787:
3649:
3574:
3544:
3504:
3078:
3021:
3838:
2559:
1462:
363:
The Harrier II's cockpit has day and night operability and is equipped with
2460:
2376:
17:
4048:
4021:
2975:
2932:
1625:
1334:
744:
739:
RAF Harriers would be a regular element of Britain's contribution to the
702:
685:, the NATO mission over Kosovo in 1999, the RAF contribution included 16
666:
Cooperative operations between the two services was formalised under the
591:
341:
317:
3821:
Winchester, Jim (November 2008). "Aircraft of the RAF part 7: Harrier".
1973:"Missile Approach Warner and Advanced Missile Detection System, PVS2000"
831:
that the Harrier was to be retired by April 2011. In the long term, the
2913:"Britain's fast jet forces – National Interest versus vested interest."
2854:
1444:
550:
545:
321:
3753:
The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships And Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet
3499:(4034). London, UK: Reed Business Information: 10. 25 November 1986.
925:
606:
504:
203:. Initial deliveries of the Harrier II were designated in service as
95:
60:
3239:
3006:
Gary Parsons (March 2012). "UK Harriers will fly again with USMC".
2446:"RAF Harrier pilots are given the go-ahead to bomb through clouds."
1620:
The option of equipping several Harrier IIs with the Sea Harrier's
1337:
engine, 21,750 lbf (96.7 kN) thrust with water injection
288:(in 1977, its aviation interests were nationalised to form part of
207:; subsequently upgraded airframes were redesignated accordingly as
2228:
Harrier Replacement Rear Fuselage Programme Concluded Successfully
1233:
1217:
1209:
994:
986:
814:
730:
725:
610:
565:
529:, the GR7s were upgraded with encrypted communications equipment.
517:
494:
372:
331:
292:) in the UK. First-generation Harriers were being introduced into
3512:
Eden, Paul, ed. (July 2006). "McDonnell Douglas/BAe Harrier II".
462:
estimated that the cost would be in excess of £600 million.
1417:
1409:
1364:
1,758 nmi (2,023 mi, 3,256 km) with 4× drop tanks
820:
706:
618:
599:
522:
4210:
3869:
3849:
Photographs of Harrier G R Mk 7 deployed aboard HMS Illustrious
2674:"UK to expand Afghanistan commitment with additional aircraft."
1500:
GEC-Marconi (Plessey) PVS-2000 Missile approach warning system
241:
and reconnaissance duties. The Harrier II served alongside the
630:
3038:. Defense News, 13 November 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
754:
missions using the Harrier II spiked dramatically during the
3049:"UK Harrier fleet sold as £115 million worth of spare parts"
578:
The first squadrons to receive the Harrier II were based in
451:
radar could be transferred to the Harrier IIs. However, the
735:
Underside of a Harrier flying at a steep banked angle, 2010
3839:
Second-generation Harriers on Greg Goebel's vectorsite.net
2933:"Struggle at the top over decision to scrap UK Harriers."
2829:"UK defence chiefs stand by Harrier retirement decision"
697:
In 2003, the Harrier GR7 played a prominent role during
3589:
House of Commons: Defence Committee (18 January 2006).
3182:"No IV Squadron Aircraft & Markings 1939 – Current"
1451:, unguided 540 and 1,000 lb (240 and 450 kg)
1222:
A Harrier GR7 taking off from the aircraft carrier HMS
743:. In September 2004, six Harrier GR7s were deployed to
3728:
Orchard, Adrian; James Barrington (4 September 2008).
3157:"No 3 Squadron Aircraft & Markings 1953 – Current"
3065:"Flash Traffic: UK Sells all GR09s for US180M to US".
928:
over the Mk 105's 21,750 lbf (98 kN) thrust.
812:. All Harrier GR7 aircraft were retired by July 2010.
655:. In 2000, 'presence' and reconnaissance sorties over
2650:. Ministry of Defence. 5 October 2006. Archived from
1162:
on the gate at RAF Wittering, Cambridgeshire, England
276:
Development of a much more powerful successor to the
195:(RN). The aircraft was the latest development of the
27:
Multirole combat aircraft series by British Aerospace
3713:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2006.
3132:"No 1 Squadron Aircraft and Markings 1969 – Current"
3073:(1). Navy League of Australia: 15–16. January 2012.
2169:
2167:
2165:
304:, led Hawker to withdraw from this project in 1975.
4313:
4292:
4271:
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4158:
4135:
4077:
4020:
3997:
3966:
3908:
2253:"Qinetiq will keep ageing RAF Harriers in the air."
1564:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
1472:) (TIALD pod would replace ADEN guns when mounted.)
1455:(including 3 kg and 14 kg practice bombs)
1396:
pods under the fuselage (Cleared for emergency use)
392:
163:
155:
147:
139:
134:
126:
109:
101:
77:
69:
56:
51:
34:
3750:
3666:. London, UK: Royal Air Force Historical Society.
3644:. London, UK: Royal Air Force Historical Society.
1057:Fast Jet & Weapons Operational Evaluation Unit
819:Harrier GR9 demonstrating its hover capability at
3642:Journal of the Royal Air Force Historical Society
3036:"U.S. To Buy Decommissioned British Harrier Jets"
2711:"Select Committee on Defence – Written Evidence."
2473:"Select Committee on Defence Fourteenth Report ."
2147:, UK Parliament, 11 November 2010, archived from
625:in Italy, relieving an earlier deployment of RAF
3211:Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation
3186:Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation
3161:Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation
3136:Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation
2976:"Last trip for one of Britain's iconic aircraft"
2887:, HM Government, 19 October 2010, archived from
2911:Steven Jermy, Sharkey War & Michael Clapp.
2010:"Night Harrier to enter RAF service in August."
1837:
1835:
1582:List of active United Kingdom military aircraft
1434:(with an adaptor on the intermediate pylon) 4×
1180:on display near Petersfield, Hampshire, England
1040:No. IV (Army Co-operation) / (Reserve) Squadron
3055:, 24 November 2011. Retrieved 7 December 2011.
2560:"War On Iraq: Harriers zero in on Iraqi navy."
2211:"The UK's GR9 Harriers to Add 'Capability E'."
536:In February 2007, handling trials of the MBDA
455:rejected this as risky and too expensive; the
280:began in 1973 as a cooperative effort between
4222:
3881:
3259:
3257:
1807:
1805:
1710:
1708:
796:in 2007. These later expanded and become the
187:(V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the
8:
3514:The Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft
1906:, Column 25W, 5 January 2004, archived from
3827:. Vol. 75, no. 5. pp. 42–46.
2584:"Allies accused over cluster bomb attacks."
2231:, BAE Systems, 31 July 2007, archived from
1352:575 kn (662 mph, 1,065 km/h)
1100:on display at the Harrier Heritage Museum,
237:missions; the Harrier II was also used for
4229:
4215:
4207:
3888:
3874:
3866:
2500:"US, UK forces enter Iraq in Gulf War II."
2417:"RAF 'nearly ran out of bombs' in Kosovo."
2284:
2282:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
1937:
1935:
1445:Paveway II/III/IV, Enhanced Paveway II/II+
784:In 2006, the Sea Harrier was retired from
344:was replaced with one made extensively of
31:
3616:Sea Harrier: The Last All-British Fighter
3489:"Harrier II night-attack options diverge"
3236:Strike Attack Operational Evaluation Unit
3117:"Britain Orders McDonnell's Harrier II."
3001:
2999:
2997:
2377:"RAF and Navy plan 'Joint Force' merger."
2336:Sea Harrier: The Last All-British Fighter
1052:Strike Attack Operational Evaluation Unit
431:roles, so they relied on the short-range
46:An RAF Harrier GR9 over Afghanistan, 2008
3844:Photos of this aircraft on Airliners.net
3207:"No 20 Squadron Aircraft & Markings"
2431:"Harrier pilots come under heavy fire."
835:, would operate from the Navy's two new
2732:Orchard and Barrington 2008, Chapter 1.
2545:"British troops launch raids on Basra."
1695:
1660:In the Afghan theatre, the TIALD pod's
1603:
1358:300 nmi (350 mi, 560 km)
763:International Security Assistance Force
404:Footage of Harrier II HUD during flight
2523:"UK troops 'lived up to expectations."
952:The Harrier T10 is the first two seat
701:, the UK contribution to the U.S.-led
389:
191:(RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the
3688:Jenkins, Dennis R. (8 January 1999).
2855:"UK to spend £2.5bn on F-35 fighters"
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
829:Strategic Defence and Security Review
511:Some GR7s were equipped with uprated
352:on the wings in order to meet higher
7:
2622:"Harrier destroyed by Afghan rocket"
2608:"UK combat jets fly to Afghanistan."
2324:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 93–94, 100.
1214:Overhead view of a Harrier GR9, 2006
613:in the aftermath of the collapse of
605:In 1995, hostilities between ethnic
4372:V/STOL aircraft by thrust vectoring
3618:. Midland Publishing. p. 108.
3531:Elliot, Simon (18 September 1990).
3449:"Catalogue description Harrier Gun"
3415:"BRITISH AEROSPACE HARRIER II GR.5"
3340:"H.M.S. Sultan, Gosport, Hampshire"
2950:"Last Harrier jet leaves Ark Royal"
2948:Wilkinson, Tom (24 November 2010).
2721:House of Commons: Defence Committee
2689:"Defence 2009: A Year in Pictures."
2338:. Midland Publishing. p. 108.
1542:, an overview of the Harrier family
1376:14,715 ft/min (74.75 m/s)
1305:31,000 lb (14,061 kg) STO
1269:46 ft 4 in (14.12 m)
4305:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
3561:"AV-8B—mean Marine V/Stol machine"
2475:House of Commons, 23 October 2000.
2461:"Britain's best in Kosovo action."
2406:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 101, 106.
2141:"11 November 2010 Written Answers"
1558:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
1281:11 ft 8 in (3.56 m)
1275:30 ft 4 in (9.25 m)
379:, the Harrier II used an elevated
373:hands-on-throttle-and-stick system
255:Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II
201:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
185:vertical/short takeoff and landing
172:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
25:
3516:. London, UK: Amber Books, 2004.
2827:Hoyle, Craig (15 November 2010).
2620:Rayment, Sean (16 October 2005).
2485:"War roars back to Persian Gulf."
2388:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 102–104.
2358:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 104–105.
2256:Professional Engineering Magazine
2199:Professional Engineering Magazine
1920:Jefford et al. 2006, pp. 109–111.
1702:Nordeen 2006, Appendix A, p. 186.
1287:243 sq ft (22.6 m)
676:Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
199:family, and was derived from the
2853:Urban, Mark (11 February 2014).
1904:House of Commons Written Answers
1524:
1510:
1468:reconnaissance pod (such as the
1141:, Malmesbury, Wiltshire, England
1009:
999:An RAF Harrier GR7A flying over
570:Harrier GR5 during a display at
416:Harrier GR9 flight demonstration
410:
398:
40:
3757:. Naval Institute Press, 2005.
3635:"Seminar – Maritime Operations"
3265:"RAF Wittering, Cambridgeshire"
3238:. 25 March 2001. Archived from
2315:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 62–63.
2058:Jefford et al. 2006, pp. 95–96.
1871:Nordeen 2006, pp. 119–120.
1786:Jefford et al. 2006, pp. 81–82.
1750:Jefford et al. 2006, pp. 80–82.
1073:(March 2006 – March 2007; 2010)
1042:(September 1990 – January 2011)
586:, a new emphasis was placed on
485:missile approach warning system
336:RAF Harrier GR9 in flight, 2010
4362:1980s British fighter aircraft
3772:Walker, Karen (19 July 1986).
3092:Majumdar, Dave (9 June 2012).
2770:. 1 April 2010. Archived from
2742:Graves, David (2 April 2002).
1624:radar was actively studied by
1370:50,000 ft (15,000 m)
1316:18,950 lb (8,596 kg)
1299:15,703 lb (7,123 kg)
1293:12,500 lb (5,670 kg)
779:Defence Aviation Repair Agency
73:United Kingdom / United States
1:
4397:Fourth-generation jet fighter
4357:1980s British attack aircraft
4284:British Aerospace Sea Harrier
3804:BAe/McDonnell Douglas Harrier
3710:Harrier II, Validating V/STOL
3533:"Harrier – The Next 30 Years"
3390:"Petersfield area, Hampshire"
1862:Jenkins 1998, pp. 76–77.
1853:www.forecastinternational.com
1741:Jenkins 1998, pp. 70–72.
1732:Jenkins 1998, pp. 69–70.
1587:List of Harrier family losses
1553:British Aerospace Sea Harrier
1249:Harrier II, Validating V/STOL
1171:Royal Air Force Museum London
1155:, Gosport, Hampshire, England
1048:(September 1992 – March 2010)
1030:(October 1988 – January 2011)
423:The RAF used Harriers in the
377:British Aerospace Sea Harrier
4392:Aircraft first flown in 1985
4300:British Aerospace Harrier II
4159:Development/concept aircraft
3559:Gaines, Mike (1 June 1985).
2922:Phoenix Thinktank, May 2011.
2610:BBC News, 24 September 2004.
2367:Jefford et al. 2005, p. 101.
1820:Wilson 2000, pp. 26–27.
1206:Specifications (Harrier GR7)
991:A pair of Harrier GR7s, 2008
920:The GR7A feature an uprated
872:US Naval Air Systems Command
499:RAF Harrier II flying above
310:leading-edge root extensions
181:British Aerospace Harrier II
4377:Single-engined jet aircraft
4240:family and related aircraft
3958:Global Combat Air Programme
3657:Jefford, C.G., ed. (2006).
3633:Jefford, C.G., ed. (2005).
3419:Pima Air & Space Museum
2534:Jefford et al. 2006, p. 95.
2397:Jefford et al. 2005, p. 63.
2379:BBC News, 23 February 1999.
2288:Jefford et al. 2006, p. 93.
2186:, Retrieved: 22 April 2014.
2067:Jefford et al. 2006, p. 96.
2049:Jefford et al. 2006, p. 97.
2000:Elliot 1990, pp. 54, 56–57.
1941:Jefford et al. 2006, p. 94.
1797:Royal Aeronautical Society,
1768:Jefford et al. 2006, p. 81.
1332:Rolls-Royce Pegasus Mk. 105
1196:Pima Air & Space Museum
806:Operational Conversion Unit
4413:
4352:British Aerospace aircraft
2306:Nordeen 2006, pp. 107–108.
2297:Nordeen 2006, pp. 105–106.
2101:(40). 2008. Archived from
2099:Defence Management Journal
1980:rochester avionic archives
1408:LAU-5003 rocket pods (19×
980:
881:
855:United States Marine Corps
489:electronic countermeasures
369:inertial navigation system
298:United States Marine Corps
264:
3438:Nordeen 2006, Appendix C.
1104:, Cambridgeshire, England
1079:(March 2007 – April 2010)
1046:No. 20 (Reserve) Squadron
1036:(March 1989 – March 2006)
983:List of Harrier operators
864:According to a report by
756:Helmand province campaign
525:aircraft during the 1999
409:
397:
358:Electronic countermeasure
39:
3859:24 February 2007 at the
3802:Wilson, Stewart (2000).
3365:"Hendon, Barnet, London"
2694:21 November 2010 at the
2525:BBC News, 17 April 2003.
2463:BBC News, 16 April 1999.
2415:Norton-Taylor, Richard.
2267:Nordeen 2006, pp. 68–69.
1841:Jenkins 1998, pp. 88–89.
1795:"Aerospace, Volume 20."
1662:forward looking infrared
1470:Joint Reconnaissance Pod
1034:No. 3 (Fighter) Squadron
1028:No. 1 (Fighter) Squadron
884:List of Harrier variants
840:-class aircraft carriers
623:Gioia del Colle Air Base
477:forward-looking infrared
245:in Joint Force Harrier.
227:-class aircraft carriers
4331:Accidents and incidents
4279:Hawker Siddeley Harrier
4258:Hawker Siddeley Kestrel
3967:Patrol and surveillance
3749:Polmar, Norman (2004).
3707:Nordeen, Lon O (2006).
3315:"Malmesbury, Wiltshire"
3119:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
2505:16 October 2012 at the
2095:"The great GR9 journey"
2024:Elliot 1990, pp. 56–57.
1880:Walker 1986, pp. 23–25.
1829:Walker 1986, pp. 24–25.
1723:Eden 2004, p. 288.
1416:Matra rocket pods (18×
1254:General characteristics
617:led to the dispatch of
584:Hawker Siddeley Harrier
580:Royal Air Force Germany
183:is a second-generation
168:Hawker Siddeley Harrier
35:Harrier GR5 / GR7 / GR9
4367:Carrier-based aircraft
4263:Hawker Siddeley P.1154
3614:Hunter, Jamie (2005).
3034:Cavas, Christopher P.
2762:"IV into 20 goes once"
2723:, 2006. pp. 15–16, 41.
2334:Hunter, Jamie (2005).
2214:Defense Industry Daily
2179:14 August 2014 at the
2123:Winchester 2008, p. 46
1243:
1231:
1215:
1071:800 Naval Air Squadron
1004:
992:
824:
794:801 Naval Air Squadron
790:800 Naval Air Squadron
736:
683:Operation Allied Force
575:
508:
337:
267:Harrier II development
261:Design and development
4137:Combat drones (UCAVs)
3774:"V/STOL Comes of Age"
3660:The RAF Harrier Story
3597:The Stationery Office
3290:"Lambeth IWM, London"
2716:25 April 2014 at the
2598:Nordeen 2006, p. 141.
2574:Nordeen 2006, p. 140.
1518:United Kingdom portal
1482:Recce/targeting pods:
1237:
1221:
1213:
1054:(SAOEU) (1988 – 2004)
998:
990:
818:
734:
569:
498:
457:Armed Forces Minister
335:
3779:Flight International
3690:Boeing / BAe Harrier
3566:Flight International
3537:Flight International
3493:Flight International
2918:7 April 2012 at the
2654:on 26 September 2007
2276:Nordeen 2006, p. 69.
1960:Flight International
1929:Polmar 2005, p. 400.
1851:ZEUS ECM system page
1811:Nordeen 2006, p. 68.
1777:Gaines 1985, p. 148.
1714:Nordeen 2006, p. 67.
1412:70 mm rockets each)
1113:Fleet Air Arm Museum
800:. On 31 March 2010,
481:night vision goggles
466:Further developments
328:Description and role
284:(MDD) in the US and
3731:Joint Force Harrier
3394:eurodemobbed.org.uk
3369:eurodemobbed.org.uk
3344:eurodemobbed.org.uk
3319:eurodemobbed.org.uk
3294:eurodemobbed.org.uk
3269:eurodemobbed.org.uk
2938:, 15 December 2010.
2894:on 22 December 2010
2748:The Daily Telegraph
2701:, 24 December 2009.
2699:Ministry of Defence
2679:, 27 February 2007.
2626:The Daily Telegraph
2235:on 5 September 2010
2151:on 22 November 2011
1950:Elliot 1990, p. 56.
1889:Walker 1986, p. 24.
1759:Wilson 2000, p. 29.
1547:Related development
1420:68 mm rockets each)
1303:Max takeoff weight:
1128:Imperial War Museum
1119:, Somerset, England
1086:Aircraft on display
802:No. 20 Squadron RAF
691:rules of engagement
668:Joint Force Harrier
572:Bournemouth Airport
557:Operational history
538:Brimstone (missile)
513:Rolls-Royce Pegasus
453:Ministry of Defence
220:Joint Force Harrier
52:General information
4382:High-wing aircraft
3683:on 5 January 2011.
3009:Air Forces Monthly
2982:. 15 December 2010
2216:, 16 January 2008.
1900:"Harrier Aircraft"
1449:laser-guided bombs
1244:
1232:
1216:
1194:on display at the
1169:on display at the
1126:on display at the
1111:on display at the
1005:
993:
922:Pegasus 107 engine
867:Air Forces Monthly
833:F-35B Lightning II
825:
741:War in Afghanistan
737:
576:
509:
375:(HOTAS). Like the
338:
4339:
4338:
4293:second generation
4204:
4203:
3897:British Aerospace
3824:Air International
3806:. Airlife, 2000.
3741:978-0-14-188975-7
3734:. Penguin, 2008.
2931:Wyatt, Caroline.
2767:Air International
2196:"Harrier rearms."
1443:ordnance such as
1432:AIM-9 Sidewinders
1428:AIM-9 Sidewinders
1394:25 mm ADEN cannon
1173:, Hendon, England
1130:, London, England
1077:Naval Strike Wing
798:Naval Strike Wing
722:close air support
649:aircraft carriers
421:
420:
290:British Aerospace
282:McDonnell Douglas
235:close air support
177:
176:
140:Introduction date
88:McDonnell Douglas
84:British Aerospace
16:(Redirected from
4404:
4387:Harrier Jump Jet
4272:first generation
4238:Harrier jump jet
4231:
4224:
4217:
4208:
3974:Nimrod MR1 / MR2
3890:
3883:
3876:
3867:
3828:
3817:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3768:
3756:
3745:
3724:
3703:
3684:
3682:
3676:. Archived from
3665:
3653:
3639:
3629:
3610:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3527:
3508:
3476:
3475:
3468:
3462:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3261:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3242:on 14 April 2001
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3128:
3122:
3121:, 10 March 1990.
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3062:
3056:
3047:Perry, Dominic.
3045:
3039:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3012:. No. 288.
3003:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2945:
2939:
2929:
2923:
2909:
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2901:
2899:
2893:
2886:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2804:. Archived from
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2724:
2708:
2702:
2686:
2680:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2596:
2590:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2566:
2565:, 24 March 2003.
2557:
2551:
2550:, 30 March 2003.
2541:
2535:
2532:
2526:
2519:
2513:
2512:, 21 March 2003.
2497:
2491:
2490:, 20 March 2003.
2488:Kansas City Star
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2451:, 13 April 1999.
2442:
2436:
2435:, 28 April 1999.
2429:
2423:
2422:, 25 April 2000.
2413:
2407:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2277:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2259:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2223:
2217:
2208:
2202:
2193:
2187:
2174:"Harrier Force."
2171:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2137:
2124:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2091:
2068:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2041:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2016:
2015:, 13 April 1990.
2007:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1977:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1930:
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1671:
1665:
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1639:
1635:
1629:
1618:
1612:
1608:
1540:Harrier jump jet
1534:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1498:
1384:
1368:Service ceiling:
1345:
1256:
1015:
1013:
1012:
954:training variant
859:AV-8B Harrier II
687:Panavia Tornados
433:AIM-9 Sidewinder
414:
413:
402:
401:
390:
239:power projection
231:air interdiction
44:
32:
21:
4412:
4411:
4407:
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4403:
4402:
4401:
4342:
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4340:
4335:
4309:
4288:
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4241:
4235:
4205:
4200:
4154:
4131:
4073:
4054:Jetstream 31/32
4016:
3993:
3962:
3910:Combat aircraft
3904:
3894:
3861:Wayback Machine
3835:
3820:
3814:
3801:
3792:
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2973:
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2946:
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2926:
2920:Wayback Machine
2910:
2906:
2897:
2895:
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2884:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2835:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2808:on 5 April 2011
2802:Royal Air Force
2792:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2774:on 17 June 2011
2760:
2759:
2755:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2718:Wayback Machine
2709:
2705:
2696:Wayback Machine
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2602:
2597:
2593:
2589:, 5 April 2003.
2582:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2558:
2554:
2543:Parker, Simon.
2542:
2538:
2533:
2529:
2520:
2516:
2507:Wayback Machine
2498:
2494:
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2238:
2236:
2225:
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2220:
2209:
2205:
2201:, 25 June 2003.
2194:
2190:
2184:Royal Air Force
2181:Wayback Machine
2172:
2163:
2154:
2152:
2139:
2138:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2105:on 22 July 2011
2093:
2092:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2035:"Harrier high."
2032:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1958:
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1949:
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1940:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1910:on 9 April 2008
1898:
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1570:Yakovlev Yak-38
1532:Aviation portal
1530:
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1436:AGM-65 Maverick
1385:
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1200:Tucson, Arizona
1088:
1022:Royal Air Force
1010:
1008:
985:
979:
886:
880:
838:Queen Elizabeth
771:
718:Battle of Basra
711:AGM-65 Maverick
699:Operation Telic
627:SEPECAT Jaguars
564:
559:
468:
411:
399:
393:External videos
365:head-up display
330:
294:Royal Air Force
286:Hawker Siddeley
274:
269:
263:
189:Royal Air Force
170:
122:
114:Royal Air Force
90:
70:National origin
64:strike aircraft
47:
28:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
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3833:External links
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3014:Key Publishing
2993:
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2845:
2819:
2785:
2753:
2734:
2725:
2703:
2681:
2672:Hoyle, Craig.
2665:
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2591:
2576:
2567:
2552:
2536:
2527:
2514:
2492:
2477:
2465:
2453:
2444:Beaver, Paul.
2437:
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2390:
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2369:
2360:
2351:
2344:
2326:
2317:
2308:
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2269:
2260:
2258:, 9 July 2008.
2245:
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2188:
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2125:
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2060:
2051:
2042:
2033:Hoyle, Craig.
2026:
2017:
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1421:
1397:
1378:
1377:
1374:Rate of climb:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1350:Maximum speed:
1339:
1338:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1319:
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1300:
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1174:
1163:
1158:Harrier GR.7A
1156:
1148:on display at
1142:
1137:on display at
1131:
1122:Harrier GR.9A
1120:
1117:RNAS Yeovilton
1107:Harrier GR.9A
1105:
1093:
1092:
1091:United Kingdom
1087:
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882:Main article:
879:
876:
804:, the Harrier
775:RAF Cottesmore
770:
767:
672:RAF Cottesmore
563:
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558:
555:
467:
464:
445:AIM-120 AMRAAM
429:reconnaissance
419:
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265:Main article:
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164:Developed from
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4324:
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4319:
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4316:
4314:related lists
4312:
4306:
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4298:
4297:
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4291:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4276:
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4264:
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4256:
4254:
4253:Hawker P.1127
4251:
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4239:
4232:
4227:
4225:
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4084:
4082:
4080:
4079:Drones (UAVs)
4076:
4070:
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4057:
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3813:1-84037-218-4
3809:
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3775:
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3764:1-59114-685-2
3760:
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3720:1-59114-536-8
3716:
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3701:
3699:1-58007-014-0
3695:
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3673:0-9530345-2-6
3669:
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3647:
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3625:1-85780-207-1
3621:
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3608:
3606:0-215-02694-2
3602:
3598:
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3523:1-904687-84-9
3519:
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3061:
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3054:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3016:. p. 5.
3015:
3011:
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3002:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2955:
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2564:
2561:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:Eason, Gary.
2518:
2515:
2511:
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2504:
2501:
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2478:
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2394:
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2361:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2345:1-85780-207-1
2341:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2285:
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2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2150:
2146:
2145:Lords Hansard
2142:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2040:, 9 May 2006.
2039:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2013:Defense Daily
2011:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1905:
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1895:
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1614:
1607:
1604:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1576:Related lists
1571:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1541:
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1533:
1522:
1519:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:2× auxiliary
1460:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:Combat range:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:Gross weight:
1295:
1292:
1291:Empty weight:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1250:
1248:
1241:
1236:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1212:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1190:Harrier GR.5
1189:
1188:
1185:United States
1184:
1183:
1179:
1176:Harrier GR.7
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:Harrier GR.9
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1144:Harrier GR.9
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:Harrier GR.7
1132:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1102:RAF Wittering
1099:
1096:Harrier GR.7
1095:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:Fleet Air Arm
1064:
1061:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1007:
1006:
1002:
997:
989:
984:
976:
971:
968:
967:
963:
960:
959:
955:
951:
948:
947:
943:
940:
939:
935:
932:
931:
927:
923:
919:
916:
915:
911:
907:
904:
903:
899:
896:
895:
891:
888:
887:
885:
877:
875:
873:
869:
868:
862:
860:
856:
851:
850:
843:
841:
839:
834:
830:
822:
817:
813:
811:
810:RAF Wittering
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
786:Fleet Air Arm
782:
780:
776:
768:
766:
764:
759:
757:
753:
748:
746:
742:
733:
729:
727:
723:
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
695:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
647:
645:
639:
637:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
573:
568:
562:Combat duties
561:
556:
554:
552:
547:
543:
539:
534:
530:
528:
524:
519:
514:
506:
502:
497:
493:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:nose-mounted
473:
465:
463:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
441:Falklands War
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:ground attack
417:
408:
405:
396:
391:
388:
386:
382:
381:bubble canopy
378:
374:
371:(INS), and a
370:
366:
361:
359:
355:
351:
350:leading edges
347:
343:
334:
327:
325:
323:
319:
313:
311:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
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216:
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210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
173:
169:
166:
162:
158:
154:
151:30 April 1985
150:
146:
143:December 1989
142:
138:
133:
129:
125:
121:(historical)
120:
115:
112:
110:Primary users
108:
104:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
82:
80:
76:
72:
68:
65:
62:
59:
55:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4299:
4246:predecessors
4064:Jetstream 61
4059:Jetstream 41
3922:
3822:
3803:
3791:. Retrieved
3777:
3752:
3730:
3709:
3689:
3678:the original
3659:
3641:
3615:
3591:
3578:. Retrieved
3564:
3548:. Retrieved
3536:
3513:
3496:
3492:
3482:Bibliography
3466:
3457:
3443:
3434:
3422:. Retrieved
3418:
3409:
3397:. Retrieved
3393:
3384:
3372:. Retrieved
3368:
3359:
3347:. Retrieved
3343:
3334:
3322:. Retrieved
3318:
3309:
3297:. Retrieved
3293:
3284:
3272:. Retrieved
3268:
3244:. Retrieved
3240:the original
3235:
3226:
3214:. Retrieved
3210:
3201:
3189:. Retrieved
3185:
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3160:
3151:
3139:. Retrieved
3135:
3126:
3118:
3113:
3101:. Retrieved
3098:Flightglobal
3097:
3087:
3070:
3066:
3060:
3053:Flightglobal
3052:
3043:
3030:
3007:
2984:. Retrieved
2979:
2970:
2958:. Retrieved
2953:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2907:
2896:, retrieved
2889:the original
2880:
2874:
2862:. Retrieved
2858:
2848:
2836:. Retrieved
2833:Flightglobal
2832:
2822:
2810:. Retrieved
2806:the original
2797:
2788:
2776:. Retrieved
2772:the original
2765:
2756:
2747:
2737:
2728:
2720:
2706:
2698:
2684:
2677:Flightglobal
2676:
2668:
2656:. Retrieved
2652:the original
2642:
2630:. Retrieved
2625:
2615:
2603:
2594:
2586:
2579:
2570:
2563:Western Mail
2562:
2555:
2548:The Guardian
2547:
2539:
2530:
2517:
2509:
2495:
2487:
2480:
2468:
2456:
2449:The Scotsman
2448:
2440:
2432:
2427:
2420:The Guardian
2419:
2411:
2402:
2393:
2384:
2372:
2363:
2354:
2335:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2272:
2263:
2255:
2248:
2237:, retrieved
2233:the original
2227:
2221:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2191:
2183:
2153:, retrieved
2149:the original
2144:
2119:
2107:. Retrieved
2103:the original
2098:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2038:Flightglobal
2037:
2029:
2020:
2012:
2005:
1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1979:
1967:
1962:1986, p. 10.
1959:
1955:
1946:
1925:
1916:
1908:the original
1903:
1894:
1885:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1846:
1825:
1816:
1799:1993, p. 14.
1796:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1764:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1728:
1719:
1698:
1678:
1669:
1656:
1649:Persian Gulf
1643:
1633:
1616:
1606:
1575:
1574:
1563:
1562:
1546:
1545:
1495:
1493:
1481:
1465:
1458:
1440:
1423:
1413:
1405:
1399:
1389:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1362:Ferry range:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1342:
1340:
1327:
1302:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1253:
1251:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1228:Persian Gulf
1223:
1191:
1177:
1166:
1159:
1151:
1145:
1134:
1123:
1108:
1097:
1024:(1988–2011)
865:
863:
848:
844:
837:
826:
783:
772:
760:
752:interdiction
749:
738:
715:
696:
680:
665:
660:
657:Sierra Leone
653:Persian Gulf
643:
640:
604:
596:no-fly zones
588:interdiction
577:
535:
531:
510:
501:RAF Akrotiri
469:
422:
362:
339:
314:
306:
301:
275:
247:
224:
217:
212:
208:
204:
180:
178:
148:First flight
127:Number built
116:(historical)
79:Manufacturer
29:
3989:Nimrod MRA4
3984:Nimrod AEW3
3948:Tornado ADV
3938:Sea Harrier
3901:BAE Systems
2986:15 December
2954:Independent
2510:Daily Times
1488:, and TIALD
1400:Hardpoints:
1343:Performance
1328:Powerplant:
1224:Illustrious
1001:Afghanistan
716:During the
479:(FLIR) and
472:interdictor
460:Adam Ingram
354:bird strike
243:Sea Harrier
205:Harrier GR5
92:BAE Systems
18:Harrier GR9
4346:Categories
4127:Skylynx II
4122:Silver Fox
4069:One-Eleven
4026:transports
3923:Harrier II
3424:26 January
3399:26 January
3374:26 January
3349:26 January
3324:26 January
3299:26 January
3274:26 January
2960:4 December
2898:19 October
2838:4 December
2798:raf.mod.uk
2433:The Herald
1622:Blue Vixen
1593:References
1463:drop tanks
1447:series of
1285:Wing area:
1063:Royal Navy
910:Yugoslavia
661:Invincible
644:Invincible
636:Paveway II
615:Yugoslavia
527:Kosovo War
487:(MAW), an
449:Blue Vixen
346:composites
302:Pegasus 15
251:fixed-wing
225:Invincible
218:Under the
193:Royal Navy
159:March 2011
119:Royal Navy
4321:Operators
4087:Ampersand
4022:Airliners
3979:Nimrod R1
3788:0015-3710
3650:1361-4231
3575:0015-3710
3550:26 August
3545:0015-3710
3505:0015-3710
3232:"History"
3103:12 August
3079:1322-6231
3022:0955-7091
1691:Citations
1424:Missiles:
1273:Wingspan:
1247:Data from
1240:Ark Royal
1150:HMS
977:Operators
849:Ark Royal
847:HMS
607:Croatians
4326:Variants
4186:P.1233-1
4049:Concorde
3999:Trainers
3928:Hawk 200
3903:aircraft
3857:Archived
3599:, 2006.
3067:The Navy
2980:BBC News
2936:BBC News
2916:Archived
2714:Archived
2692:Archived
2658:20 March
2632:26 April
2628:. London
2503:Archived
2239:3 August
2177:Archived
2155:20 March
2109:20 March
1638:sortie".
1626:Ferranti
1504:See also
1496:Avionics
1406:Rockets:
1382:Armament
1335:turbofan
1139:Dyson HQ
878:Variants
781:(DARA).
745:Kandahar
703:Iraq War
611:Serbians
592:Gulf War
342:fuselage
318:Dunsfold
4196:Tempest
4191:Replica
4150:Taranis
4117:Phoenix
4044:BAe 146
4039:BAe 125
4012:Goshawk
3953:Typhoon
3943:Tornado
3918:Harrier
3793:22 July
3246:7 April
2587:The Age
1279:Height:
1267:Length:
1226:in the
861:fleet.
769:Rundown
681:During
551:Qinetiq
546:Link 16
439:in the
437:Mirages
385:lateral
322:England
278:Harrier
272:Origins
197:Harrier
156:Retired
135:History
105:Retired
4181:P.1216
4112:Mantis
3933:Jaguar
3810:
3786:
3761:
3738:
3717:
3696:
3670:
3648:
3622:
3603:
3580:6 July
3573:
3543:
3520:
3503:
3216:4 July
3191:4 July
3166:4 July
3141:4 July
3077:
3020:
2864:8 July
2812:1 July
2342:
1982:. 1993
1486:Sniper
1484:DJRP,
1459:Other:
1441:Bombs:
1430:or 6x
1242:, 2010
1230:, 1998
1152:Sultan
1014:
1003:, 2004
926:thrust
726:RBL755
646:-class
574:, 1990
542:Sniper
507:, 2010
505:Cyprus
102:Status
96:Boeing
61:V/STOL
4176:P.125
4107:HERTI
4097:Demon
4092:Corax
3681:(PDF)
3664:(PDF)
3638:(PDF)
2892:(PDF)
2885:(PDF)
2778:4 May
1986:1 May
1976:(PDF)
1598:Notes
1453:bombs
1390:Guns:
1261:Crew:
1192:ZD353
1178:ZG509
1167:ZG477
1160:ZD469
1146:ZD465
1135:ZD462
1124:ZD461
1109:ZD433
1098:ZD318
969:T.12A
941:GR.9A
917:GR.7A
897:GR.5A
598:over
518:TIALD
4166:ATSF
4145:Fury
4102:GA22
4007:Hawk
3899:and
3808:ISBN
3795:2011
3784:ISSN
3759:ISBN
3736:ISBN
3715:ISBN
3694:ISBN
3668:ISBN
3646:ISSN
3620:ISBN
3601:ISBN
3582:2011
3571:ISSN
3552:2012
3541:ISSN
3518:ISBN
3501:ISSN
3426:2021
3401:2021
3376:2021
3351:2021
3326:2021
3301:2021
3276:2021
3248:2019
3218:2019
3193:2019
3168:2019
3143:2019
3105:2012
3075:ISSN
3018:ISSN
2988:2010
2962:2010
2956:. UK
2900:2010
2866:2014
2840:2010
2814:2011
2780:2010
2660:2011
2634:2010
2340:ISBN
2241:2007
2157:2011
2111:2011
1988:2023
1611:for.
1418:SNEB
1410:CRV7
1330:1 ×
961:T.12
949:T.10
933:GR.9
905:GR.7
889:GR.5
823:2008
821:RIAT
707:Scud
619:NATO
609:and
600:Iraq
523:NATO
483:, a
427:and
296:and
233:and
211:and
179:The
57:Type
4171:EAP
4034:ATP
3497:130
2859:BBC
1426:4×
1392:2×
631:GPS
213:GR9
209:GR7
130:143
4348::
3776:.
3640:.
3595:.
3563:.
3535:.
3495:.
3491:.
3417:.
3392:.
3367:.
3342:.
3317:.
3292:.
3267:.
3256:^
3234:.
3209:.
3184:.
3159:.
3134:.
3096:.
3071:74
3069:.
3051:.
2996:^
2978:.
2952:.
2857:.
2831:.
2800:.
2796:.
2764:.
2746:.
2624:.
2281:^
2164:^
2143:,
2128:^
2097:.
2072:^
1978:.
1934:^
1902:,
1834:^
1804:^
1707:^
1466:or
1414:or
1198:,
1115:,
678:.
503:,
320:,
257:.
215:.
94:/
86:/
4230:e
4223:t
4216:v
4024:/
3889:e
3882:t
3875:v
3816:.
3797:.
3767:.
3744:.
3723:.
3702:.
3652:.
3628:.
3609:.
3584:.
3554:.
3526:.
3507:.
3474:.
3451:.
3428:.
3403:.
3378:.
3353:.
3328:.
3303:.
3278:.
3250:.
3220:.
3195:.
3170:.
3145:.
3107:.
3081:.
3024:.
2990:.
2964:.
2868:.
2842:.
2816:.
2782:.
2750:.
2662:.
2636:.
2348:.
2113:.
1990:.
1263:1
912:.
20:)
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