436:
621:
54:
220:
229:
352:
591:
and attacking Indian state on June 16. The success of this attack won Xuance the prestigious title of the "Grand Master for the
Closing Court." He also secured a reported Buddhist relic for China. 2,000 prisoners were taken from Magadha by the Nepali and Tibetan forces under Wang. Tibetan and Chinese
611:
have dated Harsha conquests to 606-612 CE. However, it is now known that Harsha engaged in wars and conquests for several more years. Moreover, whether
Xuanzang used the term "Five Indias" to describe Harsha's territory in a narrower or wider sense, his statement is hyperbole it cannot be used to
496:, but this campaign remained inconclusive and beyond a point he turned back. Harsha ascended the throne at the age of 16. His first responsibility was to rescue his sister and to avenge the killings of his brother and brother-in-law. He rescued his sister when she was about to immolate herself.
602:
Xuanzang mentions that Harsha waged wars to bring "the Five Indias under allegiance" in six years. Xuanzang uses the term "Five Indias" (or "Five Indies" in some translations) inconsistently, variously applying it to refer to Harsha's territories in northern India or to the entire subcontinent,
711:
Since Harsha's records describe him as a
Shaivite Hindu, his conversion to Buddhism would have happened, if at all, in the later part of his life. Even Xuanzang states that Harsha patronised scholars of all religions, not just Buddhist monks. According to historians such as S. R. Goyal and
399:. After Prabhakaravardhana's died in 605, his eldest son, Rajyavardhana, ascended the throne. Harshavardhana was Rajyavardhana's younger brother. This period of kings from the same line has been referred to as the Vardhana dynasty in many publications.
596:. The Indian pretender was among the captives. The war happened in 649. Taizong's grave had a statue of the Indian pretender. The pretender's name was recorded in Chinese records as "Na-fu-ti O-lo-na-shuen" (Dinafudi is probably a reference to
1060:. His name is Harsha- vardhana; his father's name was Prakaravardhana;" his senior brother was called Rajyavardhana. Harsha- vardhana, the present king, is virtuous and patriotic; all people celebrate his praises in songs.
491:
king. Accordingly, Shashanka treacherously murdered
Rajyavardhana. In the meantime, Rajyashri escaped into the forests. On hearing about the murder of his brother, Harsha resolved at once to march against the treacherous
1105:
The
Chinese text simply states that Harsha was of fei-she (vaisya) extraction. The explanation given in the notes (Beal i, p. 209 n. 12, 'Life', p. 83 n. 1, cf. Watters i, pp. 344-5) that he was a Bais Rajput stems from
1434:
700:
for travellers and poor people on highways across India. He organized an annual assembly of global scholars, and bestowed charitable alms on them. Every five years, he held a great assembly called
309:
The peace and prosperity that prevailed made his court a centre of cosmopolitanism, attracting scholars, artists and religious visitors from far and wide. The
Chinese traveller
557:(i.e., Harsha), filled with confidence, marched at the head of his troops to contend with this prince (i.e., Pulakeshin); but he was unable to prevail upon or subjugate him".
573:
to India in response to emperor Harsha having sent an ambassador to China. However once in India, he discovered that Harsha had died and the new king
Aluonashun (supposedly
2128:
395:, who belonged to the Vardhana family, extended his control over neighbouring states. Prabhakaravardhana was the first monarch of the Vardhana dynasty with his capital at
2148:
1921:
Michael Hahn (1996). ""The *Mārajitstotra by Harṣadeva, a third version of the Nāndī of the Nāgānanda?", Festschrift Dieter
Schlingloff". Reinbek. pp. 109–126.
725:
1239:
1144:
Thereafter, in the begin ning of the 7th century, Harsha
Vardhan, who was a Kshatriya of the Bais clan, ceded a large part of this province into his territory.
1509:
1426:
612:
make conclusions about Harsha's actual territory. While Harsha was the most powerful emperor of northern India, he did not rule the entire northern India.
1315:
1277:
2133:
1118:
669:(so much so that the two verses, together with a third, are also preserved separately in Tibetan translation as the *Mārajit-stotra). Shiva's consort
520:. Harsha established an empire that brought all of northern India under his rule. The peace and prosperity that prevailed made his court a centre of
2100:
959:
1674:
Cathay and the Way
Thither: Preliminary essay on the intercourse between China and the western nations previous to the discovery of the Cape route
1535:
1353:
577:) attacked Wang and his 30 mounted subordinates. This led to Wang Xuance escaping to Tibet and then mounting a joint expedition of over 7,000
2163:
2064:
1905:
1772:
1745:
1709:
1655:
1628:
1601:
1574:
1503:
1476:
1098:
1047:
926:
891:
861:
2138:
1408:
387:
in the middle of the 6th century, Northern India was split into several independent kingdoms. The northern and western regions of the
2153:
1980:
1856:
1829:
1682:
1347:
1309:
1271:
1233:
708:; during this festival, Harsha and his subordinate kings performed daily rituals before a life-sized golden statue of the Buddha.
1037:
463:
and after his death Rajyashri had been captured and imprisoned by the victor. Harsha's brother, Rajyavardhana, then the king at
804:
417:
953:
22:
1986:
1947:
2143:
916:
881:
592:
writings document describe Wang Xuance's raid on India with Tibetan soldiers. Nepal had been subdued by the Tibetan King
219:
1735:
1699:
1456:
716:, Harsha was personally a Shaivite Hindu and his patronage of Buddhists misled Xuanzang to portray him as a Buddhist.
1762:
1671:
Odorico (da Pordenone); Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb; Francesco Balducci Pegolotti; Joannes de Marignolis; Ibn Batuta (1998).
1645:
1618:
649:
360:
1223:
516:
to central India, and their representatives crowned him emperor at an assembly in April 606 giving him the title of
2158:
1532:"The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies By International Association of Buddhist Studies"
1493:
998:
International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania by Trudy Ring, Robert M. Salkin, Sharon La Boda p.507
71:
851:
528:
visited the imperial court of Harsha, and wrote a favourable account of him, praising his justice and generosity.
2168:
825:"Harsha And Latter Kings : Vaidya, C.v. : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive"
684:. Xuanzang states that Harsha banned animal slaughter for food, and built monasteries at the places visited by
608:
1299:
1261:
435:
661:
tells the story of the Bodhisattva Jīmūtavāhavana, and the invocatory verse at the beginning is dedicated to
632:
in his religious views and practices. His seals describe his ancestors as worshippers of the Hindu sun god,
566:
29:
508:
reverted to small republics and small monarchical states ruled by Gupta rulers after the fall of the prior
1137:
1127:
1088:
1067:
2097:
1375:
943:
824:
604:
1531:
1337:
620:
278:
At the height of Harsha's power, his realm covered much of northern and northwestern India, with the
2054:
388:
380:
169:
118:
53:
2108:
2017:
1800:
1495:
Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations ... By Tansen Sen, pg 23
1112:
759:
603:
grouped around Central India in the four directions. Based on this statement, historians such as
268:
260:
248:
244:
1701:
India and China : interactions through Buddhism and diplomacy ; a collection of essays
1468:
1461:
524:, attracting scholars, artists and religious visitors from far and wide. The Chinese traveller
2060:
1976:
1939:
1901:
1852:
1846:
1825:
1819:
1768:
1741:
1705:
1678:
1651:
1624:
1597:
1591:
1570:
1499:
1472:
1392:
1343:
1305:
1267:
1229:
1157:
1094:
1043:
949:
922:
887:
857:
746:) that it was Dhāvaka, one of Harsha's court poets, who wrote the plays as a paid commission,
391:
passed into the hands of a dozen or more feudatory states. Prabhakaravardhana, the monarch of
364:
299:
179:
144:
1895:
1566:
980:
India: History, Religion, Vision and Contribution to the World, by Alexander P. Varghese p.26
782:
777:
597:
581:
424:
295:
1672:
410:
was the imperial capital of Harshavardhana, the most powerful sovereign in Northern India.
2123:
2104:
808:
543:
521:
673:
plays an important role in the play, and raises the hero to life using her divine power.
290:
state) his imperial capital, and reigned till 647 CE. Harsha was defeated by the Emperor
1081:
who was ruler of Mathura and Kannauj ( Uttar Pradesh ) in 7th century was a Bais Rajput.
868:
Thanesar near Kurukshetra , is the birthplace of the ruler Harsha Vardhana ( 590-647)...
228:
2091:
685:
593:
585:
413:
1206:
538:
in the winter of 618–619. Pulakeshin then entered into a treaty with Harsha, with the
2117:
1559:
747:
539:
531:
517:
476:
319:
291:
287:
279:
256:
152:
89:
1077:
A sept of Rajputs found in Uttar Pradesh , Gautam Raja is said to be their founder.
743:
467:, could not accept this affront to his sister and his family. So he marched against
416:
in Imperial History of India, says that according to a 7-8th century Buddhist text,
313:
visited the imperial court of Harsha and wrote a very favourable account of him (as
801:
739:
713:
693:
666:
562:
509:
384:
1620:
Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations, 600-1400
1593:
Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations, 600-1400
2084:
1970:
1933:
1873:
1018:
1056:
629:
574:
570:
505:
452:
372:
339:, besides mentioning a defensive wall, a moat and the palace with a two-storied
303:
252:
100:
1791:
Bireshwar Nath Srivastava (1952). "The Chronology of the Campaigns of Harsha".
764:
750:
is "persuaded, however, that king Harsha really wrote the plays ... himself."
554:
332:
314:
1943:
704:. Xuanzang also describes a 21-day religious festival organized by Harsha in
735:
731:
657:
493:
472:
468:
456:
351:
272:
1647:
Cathay and the Way Thither, Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China
681:
677:
641:
637:
588:
525:
464:
448:
403:
396:
392:
368:
336:
328:
310:
264:
207:
203:
199:
189:
122:
2021:
1804:
624:"King Harsha pays homage to Buddha", a 20th-century artist's imagination
21:"Harshvardhan" redirects here. For other people with similar names, see
705:
697:
670:
535:
484:
440:
421:
407:
359:
Much of the information about Harsha's youth comes from the account of
283:
164:
148:
126:
2042:. Translated by Wendy Doniger. New York University Press. p. 18.
701:
662:
513:
480:
376:
948:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 146, map XIV.2 (d).
487:
as a friend of Rajyavardhana, but was in a secret alliance with the
455:. This king, some years later, had been defeated and killed by King
1020:
The deeds of Harsha: being a cultural study of Bāṇa's Harshacharita
730:
Harsha is widely believed to be the author of three Sanskrit plays
2040:"The Lady of the Jewel Necklace" and "The Lady who Shows Her Love"
689:
633:
619:
578:
488:
460:
434:
420:, Harsha was born of King Vishnu (Vardhana) and his family was of
350:
227:
156:
130:
240:
1169:
Legislative Elite in India: A Study in Political Socialization
768:, about the emperor was directed by Mohan Dayaram Bhavnani.
1463:
The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ancient & Medieval Warfare
355:
Palace ruins at "Harsh ka tila" mound area spread over 1 km
1183:
by Deodas Liluji Ramteke, Publ Deep & Deep, 1983, p19
2016:(1/4). Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute: 333–336.
1677:. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 69.
2087:, Tata McGraw-Hill Education Private Limited, New Delhi
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
1737:
Studies in the Geography of Ancient and Medieval India
317:), praising his justice and generosity. His biography
247:
from 606 until his death in 647 CE. He was the son of
2010:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
2008:
S. V. Sohoni (1989). "Review: Harsha and Buddhism".
1889:
1887:
1885:
1427:"Study unravels nuances of classical Indian history"
1195:
by Upendra Thakur, Publ. Abhinav Publications, 1974,
371:. According to some authorities, he belonged to the
2053:Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Paul Willemen (10 July 2014).
1263:
Bhupendranath Datta and His Study of Indian Society
1171:
by Prabhu Datta Sharma, Publ. Legislators 1984, p32
534:repelled an invasion led by Harsha on the banks of
214:
195:
185:
175:
163:
137:
111:
107:
96:
85:
77:
70:
39:
1558:
1460:
1193:Some Aspects of Ancient Indian History and Culture
1069:The Rajputs: History, Clans, Culture, and Nobility
628:Like many other ancient Indian rulers, Harsha was
447:Harsha's sister Rajyashri had been married to the
1561:Daily Life in Traditional China: The Tang Dynasty
1467:. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p.
1409:"Pulakeshin's victory over Harsha was in 618 AD"
1093:(in en t). Oxford University Press. p. 72.
271:, which under him expanded into a vast realm in
1875:History and Historiography of the Age of Harsha
1845:O. W. Wolters (2018). Craig J. Reynolds (ed.).
1394:Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450-1200 A.D.
1339:Hindu Civilisation and the Twenty-first Century
1007:Ancient India by Ramesh Chandra Majumdar p.274
918:Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages
883:Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages
644:. His land grant inscriptions describe him as
302:, when he tried to expand his empire into the
1821:Xuanzang: A Buddhist Pilgrim On The Silk Road
1596:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 253–.
726:List of Sanskrit plays in English translation
282:as its southern boundary. He eventually made
232:Empire ruled by Harsha, 7th century CE India.
8:
2090:Price, Pamela (2007), Early Medieval India,
1650:. Asian Educational Services. pp. 69–.
1623:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 22–.
915:Magill, Frank Northen; Aves, Alison (1998).
880:Magill, Frank Northen; Aves, Alison (1998).
688:. He erected several thousand 100-feet high
251:, the king of Thanesar who had defeated the
910:
908:
906:
676:According to the Chinese Buddhist traveler
648:(supreme devotee of Shiva). His court poet
1975:. Asian Educational Services. p. xi.
1793:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
1301:Brahmin and Brahminism A Historical Survey
1266:, K.P. Bagchi & Company, p. 103,
1072:. Rana Muhammad Sarwar Khan. p. 105.
427:. This is supported by some more writers.
267:. He was one of the greatest kings of the
36:
2129:Ancient Indian dramatists and playwrights
1897:The First Spring: The Golden Age of India
1851:. Cornell University Press. p. 123.
1142:. Hindi Sahitya Mandir. 1982. p. 5.
856:. McGraw-Hill/Contemporary. p. 454.
850:Bradnock, Robert; Bradnock, Roma (1999).
512:, Harsha united the small republics from
652:also describes him as a Shaivite Hindu.
243:Harṣa-vardhana; 4 June 590–647 CE) was
1767:. Yale University Press. pp. 48–.
1565:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
1342:, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p. 350,
1225:Ancient Indian History and Civilization
794:
2149:Indian male dramatists and playwrights
1786:
1784:
1740:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 326–.
1228:, New Age International, p. 546,
1110:
1066:K̲h̲ān̲, Rānā Muḥammad Sarvar (2005).
898:Born: c. 590; probably Thanesar, India
665:, described in the act of vanquishing
2098:"Conquests of Siladitya in the south"
2033:
2031:
1848:Early Southeast Asia: Selected Essays
1117:: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (
962:from the original on 24 February 2021
542:designated as the border between the
7:
2059:. Taylor & Francis. p. 43.
1437:from the original on 2 November 2016
1132:. Kusumanjali Prakashan. p. 16.
1972:The Buddhist Legend of Jimutavahana
1900:. Penguin Books India. p. 86.
1799:. Indian History Congress: 98–101.
1181:Revival of Buddhism in Modern India
1139:Rajasthan Directory & Who's who
549:Xuanzang describes the event thus:
1538:from the original on 17 April 2023
1512:from the original on 17 April 2023
1433:. Pune. 23 April 2016. p. 3.
1280:from the original on 17 April 2023
1242:from the original on 17 April 2023
1023:. Prithivi Prakashan. p. 118.
1017:Vasudeva Sharana Agrawala (1969).
802:Research Coins: Electronic Auction
16:Emperor of Kannauj from 606 to 647
14:
1989:from the original on 7 April 2023
1950:from the original on 7 April 2023
1391:Bindeshwari Prasad Sinha (1977).
1356:from the original on 6 April 2023
1318:from the original on 7 April 2023
335:, describes his association with
2134:People from Kurukshetra district
1935:Indian Buddhism After the Buddha
1878:. Kusumanjali. pp. 217–218.
1036:Beal, Samuel (5 November 2013).
945:A Historical atlas of South Asia
942:Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978).
439:Seal of Harshavardhana found in
218:
52:
1704:. Anthem Press. pp. 158–.
1698:Prabodh Chandra Bagchi (2011).
363:. Harsha was the second son of
1498:. University of Hawaii Press.
1:
2092:HIS2172 - Periodic Evaluation
2056:Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema
1304:, Blumoon Books, p. 82,
616:Religion and Religious Policy
255:, and the younger brother of
59:
2164:7th-century maharajadhirajas
1938:. Kusumanjali. p. 294.
1492:Sen, Tansen (January 2003).
1260:Chattopadhyay, Amal (1994),
1222:Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999),
1208:An Imperial History Of India
1158:Harsha Charitra by Banabhatt
742:. While some believe (e.g.,
696:, and built well-maintained
546:and that of Harshavardhana.
383:. After the downfall of the
2139:7th-century Indian monarchs
1617:Tansen Sen (January 2003).
1590:Tansen Sen (January 2003).
1415:. 25 April 2016. p. 9.
471:and defeated him. However,
2187:
1969:B.H. Wortham, ed. (2003).
1824:. Routledge. p. 241.
1374:Sastri, Hirananda (1931).
921:. Routledge. p. 430.
886:. Routledge. p. 430.
723:
72:Maharajadhiraja of Kannauj
27:
20:
1298:Arya, Raj Narain (2001),
1090:Harsha: A Political Study
1042:. Routledge. p. 83.
636:, his elder brother as a
51:
44:
2154:Indian Buddhist monarchs
1557:Charles D. Benn (2002).
1377:Epigraphia Indica Vol.21
1126:Goyala, Śrīrāma (1986).
1039:The Life of Hiuen-Tsiang
814:. Retrieved 27 July 2021
744:Mammata in Kavyaprakasha
117:possibly Sthanvishvara,
81:April 606 – 647 CE
58:Coin of Harshavardhana,
2103:27 October 2014 at the
2083:Reddy, Krishna (2011),
1818:Sally Wriggins (2020).
1761:Sam Van Schaik (2011).
1205:K. P. Jayaswal (1934).
30:Harsha (disambiguation)
1894:Abraham Eraly (2011).
1872:Shankar Goyal (1992).
1336:V, Ramanathan (2004),
680:, Harsha was a devout
625:
444:
356:
286:(present-day Kannauj,
233:
143:possibly Kanyakubja,
1397:Abhinav. p. 151.
1087:Devahuti, D. (1983).
724:Further information:
623:
438:
354:
231:
92:(as King of Thanesar)
2144:Pushyabhuti monarchs
2094:, University of Oslo
1932:S. R. Goyal (2003).
1734:D.C. Sircar (1990).
692:on the banks of the
103:(as King of Kannauj)
28:For other uses, see
1644:Henry Yule (1915).
1431:The Times of India"
1129:Harsha and Buddhism
853:India Handbook 2000
640:, and himself as a
418:Mañjuśrī-mūla-kalpa
389:Indian Subcontinent
381:Pushyabhuti dynasty
379:and a ruler of the
141:647 CE (aged 56-57)
119:Kingdom of Thanesar
2109:S. Srikanta Sastri
807:2 May 2019 at the
760:Indian silent film
754:In popular culture
626:
445:
357:
327:") written by the
325:The Life of Harsha
304:southern peninsula
269:Kingdom of Kannauj
261:Prabhakaravardhana
249:Prabhakaravardhana
245:emperor of Kannauj
234:
2159:Emperors in India
2066:978-1-135-94325-7
1907:978-0-670-08478-4
1774:978-0-300-17217-1
1747:978-81-208-0690-0
1711:978-93-80601-17-5
1657:978-81-206-1966-1
1630:978-0-8248-2593-5
1603:978-0-8248-2593-5
1576:978-0-313-30955-7
1505:978-0-8248-2593-5
1478:978-1-57958-116-9
1380:. pp. 74–80.
1100:978-0-19-561392-6
1049:978-1-136-37629-0
928:978-1-57958-041-4
893:978-1-57958-041-4
863:978-0-8442-4841-7
765:Samrat Shiladitya
646:Parama-maheshvara
365:Prabhakarvardhana
343:(white mansion).
300:Battle of Narmada
263:and last king of
226:
225:
180:Prabhakarvardhana
145:Empire of Kannauj
63: 606–647 CE
2176:
2169:Kings of Kannauj
2071:
2070:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2035:
2026:
2025:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1891:
1880:
1879:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1788:
1779:
1778:
1764:Tibet: A History
1758:
1752:
1751:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1564:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1534:. 4 April 2024.
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1466:
1457:Bennett, Matthew
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1133:
1122:
1116:
1108:
1083:
1062:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1014:
1008:
1005:
999:
996:
981:
978:
972:
971:
969:
967:
939:
933:
932:
912:
901:
900:
877:
871:
870:
847:
841:
840:
838:
836:
829:Internet Archive
821:
815:
799:
783:History of India
778:Surasena Kingdom
720:Literary prowess
582:mounted infantry
296:Chalukya dynasty
222:
64:
61:
56:
37:
2186:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2114:
2113:
2105:Wayback Machine
2080:
2078:Further reading
2075:
2074:
2067:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2038:Harsha (2006).
2037:
2036:
2029:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1983:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1893:
1892:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1790:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1658:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1631:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1577:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1506:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1359:
1357:
1350:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1321:
1319:
1312:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1283:
1281:
1274:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1245:
1243:
1236:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1136:
1125:
1109:
1101:
1086:
1079:Harsha Vardhana
1065:
1050:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1002:
997:
984:
979:
975:
965:
963:
956:
941:
940:
936:
929:
914:
913:
904:
894:
879:
878:
874:
864:
849:
848:
844:
834:
832:
823:
822:
818:
809:Wayback Machine
800:
796:
791:
774:
756:
728:
722:
618:
544:Chalukya Empire
522:cosmopolitanism
518:Maharajadhiraja
502:
483:, then entered
433:
402:At the time of
349:
202:
142:
116:
66:
62:
46:Maharajadhiraja
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2095:
2088:
2085:Indian History
2079:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2045:
2027:
2000:
1981:
1961:
1924:
1913:
1906:
1881:
1864:
1857:
1837:
1830:
1810:
1780:
1773:
1753:
1746:
1726:
1717:
1710:
1690:
1683:
1663:
1656:
1636:
1629:
1609:
1602:
1582:
1575:
1549:
1523:
1504:
1484:
1477:
1448:
1418:
1400:
1383:
1366:
1348:
1328:
1310:
1290:
1272:
1252:
1234:
1214:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1134:
1123:
1099:
1084:
1063:
1054:The king is a
1048:
1026:
1009:
1000:
982:
973:
954:
934:
927:
902:
892:
872:
862:
842:
816:
793:
792:
790:
787:
786:
785:
780:
773:
770:
755:
752:
721:
718:
686:Gautama Buddha
655:Harsha's play
642:Shaivite Hindu
617:
614:
559:
558:
555:Shiladityaraja
506:Northern India
501:
498:
475:, the King of
432:
429:
348:
345:
273:northern India
237:Harshavardhana
224:
223:
216:
212:
211:
206:(according to
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
139:
135:
134:
113:
109:
108:
105:
104:
98:
94:
93:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
68:
67:
57:
49:
48:
42:
41:
23:Harsha Vardhan
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2182:
2181:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2004:
2001:
1988:
1984:
1982:9788120617339
1978:
1974:
1973:
1965:
1962:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1925:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1858:9781501731150
1854:
1850:
1849:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1831:9781000011098
1827:
1823:
1822:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1757:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1730:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1684:9788121508391
1680:
1676:
1675:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1640:
1637:
1632:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1613:
1610:
1605:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1553:
1550:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1511:
1507:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1370:
1367:
1355:
1351:
1349:9788172763329
1345:
1341:
1340:
1332:
1329:
1317:
1313:
1311:9788187190523
1307:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1291:
1279:
1275:
1273:9788170741473
1269:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1253:
1241:
1237:
1235:9788122411980
1231:
1227:
1226:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1013:
1010:
1004:
1001:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
983:
977:
974:
961:
957:
951:
947:
946:
938:
935:
930:
924:
920:
919:
911:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
889:
885:
884:
876:
873:
869:
865:
859:
855:
854:
846:
843:
831:. 3 July 2015
830:
826:
820:
817:
813:
810:
806:
803:
798:
795:
788:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
771:
769:
767:
766:
761:
753:
751:
749:
748:Wendy Doniger
745:
741:
737:
733:
727:
719:
717:
715:
709:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
659:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
622:
615:
613:
610:
606:
605:R.K. Mookerji
600:
599:
595:
590:
587:
583:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
556:
552:
551:
550:
547:
545:
541:
540:Narmada River
537:
533:
532:Pulakeshin II
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
499:
497:
495:
494:King of Gauda
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
442:
437:
430:
428:
426:
423:
419:
415:
411:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
353:
346:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:
320:Harshacharita
316:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:Pulakeshin II
289:
288:Uttar Pradesh
285:
281:
280:Narmada River
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
257:Rajyavardhana
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
230:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
198:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
178:
174:
171:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
153:Uttar Pradesh
150:
147:(present-day
146:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:(present-day
120:
115:4 June 590 CE
114:
110:
106:
102:
99:
95:
91:
90:Rajyavardhana
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
69:
55:
50:
47:
43:
38:
35:
31:
24:
19:
2055:
2048:
2039:
2013:
2009:
2003:
1991:. Retrieved
1971:
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1934:
1927:
1916:
1896:
1874:
1867:
1847:
1840:
1820:
1813:
1796:
1792:
1763:
1756:
1736:
1729:
1720:
1700:
1693:
1673:
1666:
1646:
1639:
1619:
1612:
1592:
1585:
1560:
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1494:
1487:
1462:
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1430:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1393:
1386:
1376:
1369:
1358:, retrieved
1338:
1331:
1320:, retrieved
1300:
1293:
1282:, retrieved
1262:
1255:
1244:, retrieved
1224:
1217:
1207:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1180:
1176:
1168:
1164:
1153:
1143:
1138:
1128:
1104:
1089:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1055:
1053:
1038:
1029:
1019:
1012:
1003:
976:
964:. Retrieved
944:
937:
917:
897:
882:
875:
867:
852:
845:
833:. Retrieved
828:
819:
812:cngcoins.com
811:
797:
763:
757:
740:Priyadarsika
729:
714:S. V. Sohoni
710:
694:Ganges river
675:
656:
654:
645:
627:
601:
598:Tirabhukti).
567:Tang Taizong
563:Tang Chinese
560:
548:
530:
510:Gupta Empire
503:
446:
414:K.P. Jaiswal
412:
401:
397:Sthanvesvara
393:Sthanvesvara
385:Gupta Empire
358:
341:Dhavalagriha
340:
324:
318:
308:
277:
236:
235:
45:
34:
18:
1106:Cunningham.
1057:Bais Rajput
609:C.V. Vaidya
571:Wang Xuance
479:in Eastern
465:Sthanesvara
453:Grahavarman
404:Hiuen Tsang
347:Early years
337:Sthanesvara
253:Alchon Huns
170:Pushyabhuti
86:Predecessor
2118:Categories
955:0226742210
789:References
706:Kanyakubja
663:the Buddha
584:and 1,200
408:Kanyakubja
406:'s visit,
367:, king of
361:Bāṇabhaṭṭa
333:Banabhatta
315:Shiladitya
306:of India.
284:Kanyakubja
1944:907017497
1413:The Hindu
1113:cite book
736:Nagananda
732:Ratnavali
658:Nāgānanda
473:Shashanka
469:Devagupta
457:Devagupta
451:monarch,
431:Ascension
259:, son of
215:Signature
97:Successor
2101:Archived
2022:41693493
1993:21 March
1987:Archived
1954:21 March
1948:Archived
1805:45436464
1542:18 March
1536:Archived
1516:15 March
1510:Archived
1459:(1998).
1435:Archived
1360:19 March
1354:archived
1322:19 March
1316:archived
1284:19 March
1278:archived
1246:19 March
1240:archived
966:25 March
960:Archived
805:Archived
772:See also
698:hospices
682:Buddhist
678:Xuanzang
638:Buddhist
630:eclectic
594:Songtsen
589:infantry
579:Nepalese
575:Arunāsva
565:emperor
561:In 648,
526:Xuanzang
449:Maukhari
375:clan of
369:Thanesar
329:Sanskrit
311:Xuanzang
265:Thanesar
208:Xuanzang
204:Buddhism
200:Shaivism
196:Religion
190:Yasomati
123:Thanesar
101:Arunāsva
835:24 July
758:A 1926
586:Tibetan
536:Narmada
485:Magadha
441:Nalanda
422:Vaishya
377:Rajputs
298:in the
294:of the
165:Dynasty
149:Kannauj
127:Haryana
2124:Harsha
2063:
2020:
1979:
1942:
1904:
1855:
1828:
1803:
1771:
1744:
1708:
1681:
1654:
1627:
1600:
1573:
1502:
1475:
1346:
1308:
1270:
1232:
1097:
1046:
952:
925:
890:
860:
702:Moksha
690:stupas
514:Punjab
481:Bengal
186:Mother
176:Father
40:Harsha
2018:JSTOR
1801:JSTOR
1441:3 May
671:Gauri
634:Surya
569:sent
500:Reign
489:Malwa
477:Gauda
461:Malwa
425:varna
331:poet
157:India
131:India
78:Reign
2061:ISBN
1995:2023
1977:ISBN
1956:2023
1940:OCLC
1902:ISBN
1853:ISBN
1826:ISBN
1769:ISBN
1742:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1652:ISBN
1625:ISBN
1598:ISBN
1571:ISBN
1544:2022
1518:2023
1500:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1443:2016
1362:2023
1344:ISBN
1324:2023
1306:ISBN
1286:2023
1268:ISBN
1248:2023
1230:ISBN
1119:link
1095:ISBN
1075:BAIS
1044:ISBN
968:2021
950:ISBN
923:ISBN
888:ISBN
858:ISBN
837:2024
738:and
667:Māra
650:Bana
607:and
373:Bais
241:IAST
138:Died
112:Born
2107:by
1724:See
1569:–.
1469:336
504:As
459:of
2120::
2030:^
2014:70
2012:.
1985:.
1946:.
1884:^
1797:15
1795:.
1783:^
1567:38
1508:.
1471:.
1429:.
1411:.
1352:,
1314:,
1276:,
1238:,
1115:}}
1111:{{
1103:.
1052:.
985:^
958:.
905:^
896:.
866:.
827:.
762:,
734:,
323:("
275:.
155:,
151:,
129:,
125:,
60:c.
2069:.
2024:.
1997:.
1958:.
1910:.
1861:.
1834:.
1807:.
1777:.
1750:.
1714:.
1687:.
1660:.
1633:.
1606:.
1579:.
1546:.
1520:.
1481:.
1445:.
1211:.
1121:)
970:.
931:.
839:.
553:"
443:.
239:(
210:)
159:)
133:)
65:.
32:.
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
