458:. The buildings retain classical, late Victorian detailing, however, their solid construction and decoration of the parapet also indicate the prosperity and confidence of the time leading up to the construction of the buildings. The buildings occupy a prominent corner site and are significant in the way that the building form and massing respond to the site conditions and demonstrate the topography and character of The Rocks. The buildings are amongst a few 19th century developments remaining in the area south of the Cahill Expressway and contribute to the diversity of the Essex and Gloucester streetscapes. The buildings are prominent elements in the Essex Street streetscape primarily due to their corner location and modest scale, which is contrast to the surrounding development. They are one of two survivors of the pre 1900 development in Essex Street and make a positive contribution to the varied character and historical nature of the precinct. The adaptation of the buildings represents the evolution of the area and shift away from residential use. Their use as part of the Hotel complex and leisure activities in the area represents the shift in the use of the area and provides opportunity for interpretation and appreciation of the buildings.
318:. The plan on the Land Title dated November 1877 also shows the building on the site, with frontage to Gloucester Street. A party wall is clearly indicated on the plan, along the north eastern site boundary. A small detached structure occupies the north western corner of the site. The site was subsequently transferred three times in 1879 and in early 1880 was part of a parcel of land extending along Essex Street transferred to Peter Francis Hart, a builder. The plan on this land title indicates the same building footprint seen on the earlier plans. In the same year the land was transferred to Elizabeth Hart. The Percy Dove plan of 1880 shows the two, one-storey dwellings facing Gloucester Street, Nos. 153 and 155. A small structure is attached to the rear of No. 153. Another single storey structure is also shown on the Essex Street frontage, at the south western corner of the site. This building is numbered No.10 and is surrounded by open yard. It would appear that it was slightly setback from its neighbour to the west, No. 8 Essex Street, another single storey structure noted as being occupied by a bootmaker. The adjoining building at No. 6, also noted as being a single storey building, was occupied by a grocer.
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time, however, are listed to the east of
Gloucester Street. Nos. 10, 12a and 14a, however, on the western side of Gloucester Street, are first listed in 1893. The Sands indicates that the street number subsequently changed and the subject buildings became Nos. 10, 12 and 14 by 1898. The buildings generally responded to the irregular shape of the site and were constructed on the original rock ledges that characterise the area. Unlike the previous building that occupied the site, the buildings were constructed with frontage to Essex Street and stepped down the grade of the street, which falls to the east, toward
307:. It would appear that Elizabeth subsequently subdivided the site. A plan of Section 70 shows Allotment 14 divided into two parcels, with the subject site located in the south eastern corner of the section which is generally bounded by Cumberland, Little Essex (formerly Essex Lane), Gloucester and Essex Streets. It is not clear if the Thompsons developed the site in any way, however, in October 1843 the land was conveyed to Mr N. Bray. Bray may have developed the site from this time, in 1849 he took out a mortgage to Mr John Minton Hart.
345:-13. The 1895 field survey notes indicate a typical type of housing for this period, with rear tunnel back form. Terraces had long being an accepted form in The Rocks with land speculators looking to maximise inner city sites, with no front gardens or setback from the street and restricted open spaces. The buildings also show reference to building codes introduced decades earlier with the incorporation of party walls which extended beyond the roof planes of the buildings.
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and management continued in their original function for nearly 100 years. The buildings significantly were constructed to maximise the site and standard terrace house form adapted to suit the irregular site boundaries and topography of the area. The adaptation of the buildings in the early 1990s represents the shift of the use and evolution of the area from a residential precinct to a tourist and commercial area which began in the early decades of the 20th century.
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associated with a number of occupants and tenants who were part of a closely knit working class neighbourhood. The alterations and adaptation of the buildings represents a shift in the use of the building and area in general. The buildings are now part of an active commercial community and busy tourist precinct and popular venue for leisure activities for the local workers and tourists alike. Harts
Buildings meet this criterion on a local level.
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how the terraces of the later half of the 19th century responded to site conditions and the rock ledges that typified the early character of The Rocks. With the neighbouring
Butchery Buildings and Lilyvale Cottage, the buildings demonstrate the architecture, domestic and commercial attitudes of the period between 1840 and 1900 in NSW. As such Harts Buildings satisfy this criterion on a State level.
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earlier development on the site was retained and new buildings constructed to it and the single storey building to its north, No. 151 Gloucester Street. The wall is exposed today and the shadow line of the gable roof, the height of a single storey structure constructed on a rock ledge is evident. This building was subsequently replaced by two storey terraces constructed by the
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Street frontage. Nos. 10-14 Essex Street is of State significance as one of a few 19th century, small scale residential buildings remaining in the area south of the Cahill
Expressway with the Butchery Buildings, Lilyvale and terraces at the southern end of Cumberland Street, they form a significant grouping. As such, Harts Buildings meet this criterion on a State level.
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Buildings, Nos. 10-14 Essex Street, are of State and local heritage significance for their historical, aesthetic and scientific cultural values. The site and buildings are highly significant as part of a grouping of 19th century development remaining in this precinct that represent the residential built development and its evolution in the period between 1840 and 1900.
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along the northern site boundary which also featured small timber, attached structures. The main building was constructed in brick. The structures that formerly occupied the site and stair from
Gloucester Street are also indicated, however, are crossed out on the plan. It would also appear that the rock face was also cut back to the Gloucester Street building line.
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296:, Gloucester Street and Essex Street, including the subject site, was occupied by a number of dwellings and shops that housed a largely working-class community. Little is known about the people who lived here prior to the 1830s, however, from 1839 when all formal claims for land and grants were made, the population increased.
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accessed via a stair extending up the party walls and returning into the building. The first floor level was typically split to allow access to each of the three first floor rooms. Another narrow stair extended from the first floor to the roof in each of the terraces. Only one of these stairs remains (in No. 14) today.
330:. It is not clear why the Essex Street address was preferred, possibly to allow northern aspect to the rear of the buildings. However, housing constructed in The Rocks by this time were not orientated towards the harbour and Essex Street may have lost is association with the gallows and old Gaol by this time.
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Based on these plans, it would appear that the buildings were constructed sometime between 1887 and 1895. It is assumed that they were constructed in 1892. Nos. 153 and 155 Gloucester Street are listed in the Sands
Directory until 1892. Nos. 12 and 14 Essex Street are also listed in the Sands at this
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parapet. The buildings are relatively rare in that they respond to the site and retain evidence of the earlier topography and rocky ledges of The Rocks which can be interpreted in the way the buildings step down the slope of Essex Street and by the cut rock base of the buildings along the
Gloucester
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and
Lilyvale Cottage they form a grouping of small scale residential and commercial development that importantly demonstrates the evolution of the area from 1840 to the turn of the 20th century. The buildings were constructed as speculative residential accommodation that despite changes of ownership
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The architectural configuration and layout is typical of terrace housing of the period, however, like other buildings in The Rocks, have been adapted to suit the irregular site parameters and topography of the site. The massing and form of the buildings, construction to the street frontage and lack
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The buildings are associated with Peter Hart, a local builder who constructed the buildings which now bear his name. The buildings have subsequently been associated with a number of local residents and occupants including
Margaret Fulton, a well known and highly regarded cookery writer who occupied
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As at 30 March 2011, Harts
Building and site are of State heritage significance for their historical and scientific cultural values. The site and building are also of State heritage significance for their contribution to The Rocks area which is of State Heritage significance in its own right. Harts
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14 Essex Street, is largely intact, and despite alterations and adaptation of the building remains as an example of terraces constructed during the 1890s and retains a sense of the domestic standards and spatial qualities can be interpreted in the building fabric. The buildings clearly demonstrate
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This property comprises three, two storey stuccoed brick terraced houses erected in the first decades of the 20th century. They are located in Essex Street, on the western side of Gloucester Street intersection. The three buildings are located hard on both the Essex and Gloucester Street frontages
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which displaced a considerable percentage of the local population. The Housing Board notified City Council in October 1912 that before work commenced on the premises at Nos. 127-152a Gloucester Street, the premises at Nos. 6 and 8 Essex Street would be demolished once the tenant was vacated. It is
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The external form illustrated and inspection of the buildings today suggest that internally the buildings also featured typical internal layout with two main rooms on the first and second floor with smaller room on both levels in the rear tunnel back. It is assumed that the three upper rooms were
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The buildings were also constructed to the northern and western site boundaries, abutting the existing neighbouring buildings along Gloucester and Essex Streets streetscapes, with only small open yards provided along the northern boundary. It is assumed that the north eastern party wall from the
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These details were transferred to a detail sheet dated December 1887. This plan was subsequently revised in September 1895, by which time new buildings are shown occupying the site. The buildings, shown hatched, are constructed to the Gloucester and Essex Street boundaries, with three open yards
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The buildings occupy a prominent corner and are highly visible elements in the Essex Street streetscape. Their modest scale is in contrast with much of the surrounding development and together with the Butchery Buildings and Lilyvale Cottage, form a grouping of late 19th century buildings which
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Harts Buildings have no strong or special association with any particular community or cultural groups, however, were part of a primarily residential and small scale commercial precinct that developed after the relocation of the Old Gaol from George Street in the early 1840s. As such they were
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152a Gloucester Street. The plan also shows a lane extending across the western site boundary and rear of the terrace sites and buildings facing Cumberland Street. This is consistent with a number of housing schemes following the cleansing operations of the early 1900s and preparations for the
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plan dated 1911 also shows the original form and suggests that no external change had been undertaken to the buildings with the open areas across the northern site boundary clearly evident. It also indicates that the buildings to the north of the site, along the Gloucester Street frontage were
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site, these buildings have undergone the greatest change, and most of it in recent years. The houses have conventional terraced plans but are unusual in the way they respond to the trapezoidal nature of their site. The buildings were taken over on a temporary basis as a site office by the
382:, a celebrated cookery author, and her family between the years of 1954 and 1968. The buildings were unoccupied for several years before their use as a temporary site office for the adjoining development of the D2 site (north eastern corner of Essex and Gloucester Streets) in the 1980s.
528:. The buildings generally feature restrained classical detailing which illustrates the simple, late Victorian style with little ornamentation and incorporation of standard building techniques and finishes which reflects the speculative nature of the overall development.
411:. To the rear each house is planned with a typical, two storey "tunnel back" arrangement. The remaining space at the ground floor has been infilled. Internal planning originally included a typical entry corridor leading to a stair passage along the party wall. The
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of open space around the buildings represents the shift in the style and perception of residential accommodation that became prevalent from the 1870s as the area became more developed and densely populated. Harts Buildings meet this criterion on a local level.
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Despite adaptation and alterations to the buildings, they retain their original external character and a sense of their original internal layout and remain as examples of late 19th century terrace houses. The buildings meet this criterion on a local level.
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The 1865 Trig Survey plan shows that the site was occupied by a regular-shaped structure constructed to the Gloucester Street alignment by this time. Two detached structures are also shown constructed to the rear, western site boundary.
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demonstrate the historic character of the area. These buildings are of significance as the only survivors from this period (1840s to 1890s) in the block bounded by the Cahill Expressway, Cumberland, Essex and Gloucester Streets.
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to Elizabeth Thompson on the 19 April 1839. The 1838 Robert Russell plan shows Allotment 14 with narrow frontage to Essex Street, extending along Gloucester Street. The claimant is noted as the late
509:. The buildings are also now associated with the Shangri-La (former ANA) Hotel and part of the tourist and commercial enterprise in the area. Harts Buildings meet this criterion on a local level.
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assumed that Nos. 6 and 8 were demolished in 1912. The Gloucester Street terraces were demolished in 1987, and site was used as a car park prior to its redevelopment in the late 1980s.
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Style: Federation Arts & Crafts; Storeys: Two; Facade: Brick; Internal Walls: Finished with lime plaster; Roof Cladding: Corrugated iron; Floor Frame: Timber; Roof Frame: Timber
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Harts Buildings are historically significant as part of the late 19th century development in The Rocks' precinct located south of the Cahill Expressway. With the adjacent
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There are a number of dwellings and terraces dating from a similar period remaining in The Rocks, however, these vary in scale and detail and do not have the distinctive
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part of the building during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The buildings have been associated with the Sydney Harbour Trust, who became responsible for the buildings in
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As at 27 April 2001, Archaeology Assessment Condition: Partly disturbed. Assessment Basis: Area under building only. Terraced into hill slope. Investigation: Excavation.
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The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
356:. Despite resumption and change of ownership, the buildings appear to have retained their original form into the early decades of the twentieth century. A
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The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
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The buildings provide evidence of the building practices of the 1890s and remain as good examples of speculative housing constructed in
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Historic Buildings ('Lilyvale Cottage', 'The Butchery Buildings', & 'Hart's Buildings') Conservation Plan (for ANA Hotel)
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Historic Buildings ('Lilyvale Cottage', 'The Butchery Buildings', & 'Hart's Buildings') Conservation Plan (for ANA Hotel)
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The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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As such Harts Buildings make a positive contribution to The Rocks and meets this criterion on a State level.
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demolished about this time to make way for the proposed terrace of 17 houses about to be erected by the
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published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under
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Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under
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originally continued to roof level in a small enclosure, giving access for maintenance.
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Conservation Management Plan, Harts Buildings, No. 10–14 Essex Street, The Rocks
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A plaque in the building today notes that the buildings were occupied by
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264:, Australia. It was built from 1890 to 1899. It is also known as
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The site is part of Allotment 14 of City Section 70 originally
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construction team associated with the adjacent development.
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of the Harts Pub, part of Harts Buildings, pictured in 2010.
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14 Essex Street, are three terrace houses constructed in
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on 10 May 2002 having satisfied the following criteria.
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This Knowledge (XXG) article was originally based on
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Perumal Murphy Alessi, Heritage Consultants (2007).
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747:Schwager Brooks & Partners Pty. Ltd. (1989).
738:Schwager Brooks & Partners Pty. Ltd. (1989).
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1244:Model factory building, Gloucester Street
1443:Sydney Cove West Archaeological Precinct
673:Department of Planning & Environment
1464:New South Wales State Heritage Register
887:Nos. 130, 132-134, 136-138, and 140-142
784:New South Wales State Heritage Register
668:New South Wales State Heritage Register
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463:New South Wales State Heritage Register
282:New South Wales State Heritage Register
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1428:Cumberland Street Archaeological Site
1421:Other significant historical features
1173:English, Scottish and Australian Bank
222:Location of Harts Buildings in Sydney
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1228:Museum of Contemporary Art Australia
395:. They are designed in a restrained
503:Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority
248:14 Essex Street, in the inner city
244:and former residence, located at 10
507:Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority
461:Harts Buildings was listed on the
314:In 1875 the land was purchased by
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149:Harts Buildings; Hart's Buildings
139:New South Wales Heritage Register
1489:1899 establishments in Australia
1315:St Patrick's Church, Church Hill
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793:, accessed on 14 October 2018.
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189:Residential buildings (private)
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1091:Samson's Cottage wall remains
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278:Government of New South Wales
434:Of all the buildings on the
782:, entry number 1550 in the
715:Schwager Brooks 1989: 25-26
706:Schwager Brooks 1989: 17-18
399:style characterised by the
268:. The property is owned by
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1469:The Rocks, New South Wales
1407:Cumberland Place and Steps
1259:Phillip's Foote Restaurant
1128:Ambulance Station (former)
397:Federation Arts and Crafts
117:Federation Arts and Crafts
1289:Union Bond Store (former)
260:local government area of
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1494:Houses completed in 1899
1385:Transport infrastructure
1269:Raphael Mackeller Stores
1213:Julian Ashton Art School
1168:Coroner's Court (former)
1071:Playfair Street Terraces
553:Harts Buildings, Nos. 10
517:Harts Buildings, Nos. 10
1264:Police Station (former)
1239:New York Hotel (former)
499:Maritime Services Board
430:Modifications and dates
363:Public Works Department
1234:Mining Museum (former)
1193:Harrington's Buildings
846:historical attractions
761:SCA Register 1979–1998
280:. It was added to the
157:State heritage (built)
113:Architectural style(s)
1230:(former MSB building)
852:Residential buildings
810:at Wikimedia Commons
757:Sydney Cove Authority
372:Sydney Harbour Bridge
236:is a heritage-listed
1412:Sydney Cove railings
1402:Captain Tench Arcade
1284:Sydney Sailors' Home
1254:Old Bushells Factory
1223:Metcalfe Bond Stores
1116:Commercial buildings
1107:View Terrace facades
1096:Sergeant Major's Row
1056:Long's Lane Precinct
984:Nos. 32-36 and 38-40
370:construction of the
354:Sydney Harbour Trust
89:33.8618°S 151.2064°E
51:10–14 Essex Street,
1433:Dawes Point Battery
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1208:Johnson's building
1163:Cleland Bond Store
1143:ASN Hotel Building
1081:Reynolds' Cottages
1076:Playfair's Terrace
1010:Harrington Street
980:Gloucester Street
878:Cumberland Street
475:Butchery Buildings
170:Reference no.
94:-33.8618; 151.2064
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1274:Royal Naval House
1158:Campbell's Stores
1153:Butchery Building
1148:Bushells Building
1123:Accountants House
806:Media related to
663:"Harts Buildings"
336:NSW Housing Board
294:Cahill Expressway
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1484:Hotels in Sydney
1479:Houses in Sydney
1336:British Seamen's
1310:Mariners' Church
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1061:Merchant's House
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585:
582:
444:
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431:
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423:
420:
387:
384:
305:James Thompson
289:
286:
258:City of Sydney
228:
227:
221:
212:
211:
205:
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199:
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137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
124:
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110:
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106:
102:
101:
69:
65:
64:
57:City of Sydney
49:
45:
44:
34:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1506:
1495:
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1423:
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1413:
1410:
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1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1392:Argyle Bridge
1390:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1356:Harbour Rocks
1354:
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1349:
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1339:
1337:
1334:
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1301:
1295:
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1279:Science House
1277:
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1199:
1196:
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1187:
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1159:
1156:
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1151:
1149:
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1139:
1138:Argyle Stores
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
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1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1066:Penrhyn House
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1004:Nos. 117-117a
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
979:
975:
973:
970:
968:
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953:
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948:
945:
943:
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938:
935:
933:
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928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
909:
907:
905:
902:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
879:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
864:Avery Terrace
862:
860:
857:
856:
854:
850:
845:
838:
833:
831:
826:
824:
819:
818:
815:
811:
809:
804:
796:
794:
792:
789:
785:
781:
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768:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
741:
736:
732:
727:
726:
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712:
709:
703:
700:
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693:
688:
674:
670:
669:
664:
658:
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636:
634:
632:
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622:
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618:
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614:
612:
610:
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606:
602:
595:
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587:
583:
581:
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572:
569:
564:
563:
559:
551:
550:
546:
542:
541:
537:
533:
529:
515:
514:
510:
508:
504:
500:
487:
486:
482:
479:
476:
471:
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459:
449:
442:
440:
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429:
427:
421:
419:
416:
414:
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406:
402:
398:
394:
385:
383:
381:
376:
373:
364:
359:
355:
350:
346:
337:
331:
329:
328:George Street
323:
319:
317:
316:William Daley
312:
308:
306:
302:
297:
295:
287:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
243:
239:
235:
209:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
172:
164:
156:
148:
146:Official name
140:
131:
128:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
107:
103:
98:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
41:
38:
32:
27:
22:
16:
1218:Lawson House
1197:
999:Nos. 113-115
972:Nos. 149-151
957:Nos. 139-141
952:Nos. 123-125
942:Nos. 107-109
904:Gannon House
882:Nos. 106-128
800:
772:
760:
748:
739:
730:
723:Bibliography
711:
702:
677:. Retrieved
666:
578:
574:
573:
565:
561:
560:
552:
548:
547:
543:
539:
538:
534:
530:
516:
512:
511:
488:
484:
483:
480:
472:
468:
467:
460:
450:
446:
433:
425:
417:
389:
377:
358:Sydney Water
351:
347:
332:
324:
320:
313:
309:
298:
291:
270:Property NSW
265:
233:
231:
127:Property NSW
15:
769:Attribution
568:crenellated
526: 1892
495: 1900
456: 1892
405:balustrades
386:Description
365:at Nos. 127
343: 1912
165:10 May 2002
92: /
80:151°12′23″E
68:Coordinates
63:, Australia
37:crenellated
1458:Categories
1438:Rocks Push
1397:Argyle Cut
1361:Mercantile
1331:Australian
1029:Nos. 61-65
1024:Nos. 55-59
1019:Nos. 42-52
989:Nos. 46-56
922:Nos. 95-99
912:Nos. 29-31
679:14 October
596:References
252:suburb of
162:Designated
77:33°51′42″S
844:The Rocks
788:CC-BY 4.0
692:CC-BY 4.0
422:Condition
254:The Rocks
53:The Rocks
1366:Observer
1351:Glenmore
1341:Brooklyn
1303:Churches
1103:(museum)
1051:Lilyvale
675:. H01550
584:See also
436:Lilyvale
409:chimneys
186:Category
48:Location
1376:Russell
1186:No. 231
994:103-111
967:No. 147
962:No. 145
947:No. 121
937:No. 105
932:No. 103
927:No. 101
892:No. 182
791:licence
695:licence
401:cornice
393:facades
301:granted
288:History
276:of the
256:in the
181:Terrace
40:parapet
1371:Orient
1039:No. 71
1034:No. 67
1014:No. 32
917:No. 93
413:stairs
274:agency
250:Sydney
272:, an
238:hotel
123:Owner
105:Built
681:2018
505:and
407:and
240:and
232:The
178:Type
173:1550
154:Type
338:in
242:pub
1460::
671:.
665:.
604:^
523:c.
501:,
497:,
492:c.
453:c.
340:c.
59:,
55:,
836:e
829:t
822:v
763:.
751:.
742:.
733:.
697:.
683:.
555:–
519:–
367:–
246:–
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