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primary producers of cloth, weaving and dying it before sending it off in caravans to the other states within
Hausaland and to extensive regions beyond. Biram was the original seat of government, while Zaria supplied labor and was known as the "Chief of Slaves." Katsina and Daura were the "Chiefs of the Market," as their geographical location accorded them direct access to the caravans coming across the desert from the north.
562:, was inhabited by a snake called Sarki, who allowed citizens of Daura to fetch water only on Fridays. Since "sarki" is the Hausa word for "King", this may have been a metaphor for a powerful figure. Bayajidda killed Sarki and because of what he had done the queen married him for his bravery. After his marriage to the queen the people started to call him Bayajidda which means "he didn't understand (the language) before ".
417:
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31:
728:. At various moments in their history, the Hausa managed to establish central control over their states, but such unity has always proven short. In the 11th century the conquests initiated by Gijimasu of Kano culminated in the birth of the first united Hausa Nation, although it was short-lived. During the reign of King
555:
of Daura, and heralded the end of the matriarchal monarchs that had erstwhile ruled the Hausa people. According to the most famous version of the story, the story of the Hausa states started with a prince from
Baghdad called "Abu Yazid". When he got to Daura, he went to the house of an old woman and
570:
The Hausa
Kingdoms began as seven states founded according to the bayajidda legend by the six sons of Bawo and himself, the son of the hero and Magajiya Daurama, in addition to the hero's son, Biram or Ibrahim, of an earlier marriage. The states included only kingdoms inhabited by Hausa speakers:
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Though the 7 Hausa states shared the same lineage, language and culture, the states were characterized by fierce rivalries with each other with each state seeking supremacy over the others. They constantly waged war on each other and would often work with invaders to the detriment of their sister
613:
Since the beginning of Hausa history, the seven states of
Hausaland divided up production and labor activities in accordance with their location and natural resources. Kano and Rano were known as the "Chiefs of Indigo." Cotton grew readily in the great plains of these states, and they became the
626:
According to the
Bayajidda legend, the Banza Bakwai states were founded by the seven sons of Karbagari ("Town-seizer"), the son of Bayajidda and the slave-maid, Bagwariya. They are called the Banza Bakwai, meaning "bastard/bogus seven", on account of their ancestress' slave status. They are:
784:) to the poor. Ibrahim Maje (1549–66) was an Islamic reformer and instituted Islamic marriage law in Katsina.Generally Hausaland remained divided between the Muslim cosmopolitan urban elite and the local animistic rural communities. During this time period,
794:
descriptions of the political and economic state of
Hausaland during that time although it is unknown if he actually visited it; Hausaland seems to have been mostly of a tributary status by Songhai as in his description of
815:
Despite relatively constant growth from the 15th century to the 18th century, the states were vulnerable to constant war internally and externally. By the 18th century, they were economically and politically exhausted.
509:. They started cultivating grains, which led to a denser peasant population. They had a common language, laws and customs. The Hausa were known for fishing, hunting, agriculture, salt-mining, and blacksmithing.
501:. Hausaland took shape as a political and cultural region during the first millennium CE as a result of the westward expansion of Hausa peoples. They arrived in Hausaland when the terrain was converting from
546:
According to the
Bayajidda legend, Hausa states were founded by the sons and grandsons of Bayajidda, a prince whose origin differs by tradition, but official canon records him as the person who married
776:
declaring himself king. 'Ulama were later brought in from North Africa and Egypt to reside in
Katsina. An 'Ulama class emerged under royal patronage. The Hausa rulers fasted
772:
provided legal support, guarantees, safe conducts, introductions and many other services. By the end of the fifteenth century, Muhammad al-Korau, a cleric, took control of
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had become the most powerful city-state. Kano was the base for the trans-Saharan trade in salt, cloth, leather, and grain. The Hausa oral history is reflected in the
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he comments that "their king was slaughtered by the Askiya and themselves made tributary" and the same is said for the rest of the region.
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asked her to give him water but she told him the predicament of the land, how the only well in Daura, called
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to write a treatise on Muslim governance. Many other scholars were brought in from
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1014:(3rd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 458–459.
865:(3rd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 458–459.
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485:). Hausaland lay between the Western Sudanic kingdoms of
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764:. This turned Kano into a center of Muslim scholarship.
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Major cities of
Hausaland. Modern borders are in red.
913:"Bayajidda HAUSA Historical Legend Myth or Reality"
811:Hausa-Fulani Sokoto Caliphate in the 19th century
27:Collection of states started by the Hausa people
820:became very common during this period and the
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984:Hogben, S. J.; Kirk-Greene, Anthony (1966).
688:The Hausa Kingdoms were first mentioned by
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1095:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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622:Hausa Bastard/ Banza/ Illegitimate States
1148:Amana Online The Fulani Empire of Sokoto
732:(1349–85) Islam was first introduced to
1059:. Vol. 3. Lagos. pp. 132–146.
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1153:Amana Online Hausaland and the Hausas
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986:The Emirates of Northern Nigeria
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1012:A History of Islamic Societies
863:A History of Islamic Societies
1:
911:Administration (2020-01-10).
788:briefly mentions in his book
1518:Countries in medieval Africa
1055:(1928). "Bayajidda legend".
988:. London. pp. 145–155.
936:Palmer, III, 132-4; Smith,
700:. The primary exports were
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892:World History Encyclopedia
668:(state of the Nupe people)
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1138:Art & Life in Africa
861:Lapidus, Ira M. (2014).
791:Descrittione dell’Africa
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674:(state of Fulani people)
406:List of years in Nigeria
652:(also called Gwariland)
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1029:Nicolas, Guy (1975).
957:, 216–221, 554 n. 25.
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949:Hogben/Kirk-Greene,
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672:Yoruba Kwara Emirate
646:(also called Yawuri)
750:Muhammad al-Maghili
100:Pre-colonial period
1305:Mahdiyya caliphate
1126:2012-03-15 at the
1116:2020-07-25 at the
1053:Palmer, Herbert R.
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1245:Futa Jallon
1085:. Berkeley.
919:(in French)
888:"Hausaland"
698:Mali Empire
694:Kanem-Bornu
551:, the last
499:Kanem-Bornu
475:Niger River
255:Cross River
189:Igbo people
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1133:Britannica
970:, 419-421.
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917:CSAN Niger
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848:References
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1250:Futa Toro
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722:kola nuts
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503:woodlands
479:Lake Chad
467:Hausaland
225:Akwa Ibom
154:1993–1999
144:1979–1983
134:1967–1970
130:Civil War
124:1960–1979
114:1800–1960
104:1500–1800
94:1500-1 BC
1480:Marriage
1475:Language
1470:Kingdoms
1124:Archived
1114:Archived
1081:(1978).
1033:. Paris.
1010:(2014).
955:Kingdoms
951:Emirates
696:and the
507:savannah
398:See also
335:Nasarawa
207:By state
184:Economic
84:pre-1500
69:Timeline
43:a series
41:Part of
1360:Songhai
1345:Shilluk
1315:Massina
1205:Bagirmi
1121:Part II
966:Smith,
940:, 52-55
822:Sultans
818:Famines
797:Zamfara
778:Ramadan
774:Katsina
762:Morocco
738:Songhay
706:leather
690:Ya'qubi
679:History
662:people)
632:Zamfara
609:(Biram)
607:Hadejia
586:Katsina
549:Daurama
495:Songhai
483:Nigeria
390:Zamfara
365:Plateau
310:Katsina
240:Bayelsa
230:Anambra
220:Adamawa
166:present
1490:People
1375:Tunjur
1365:Takrur
1355:Sokoto
1340:Sennar
1335:Saloum
1285:Kaarta
1235:Darfur
1225:Dagbon
1210:Bamana
1200:Alodia
1018:
869:
830:Fulani
826:Muslim
760:, and
730:Yaji I
702:slaves
684:Zenith
559:Kusugu
553:Kabara
380:Taraba
375:Sokoto
370:Rivers
300:Kaduna
295:Jigawa
265:Ebonyi
235:Bauchi
176:Topics
45:on the
1485:Music
1385:Wadai
1380:Waalo
1330:Niumi
1325:Niani
1290:Kaabu
1280:Jolof
1265:Gobir
1260:Ghana
1240:Dendi
1220:Cayor
968:Daura
938:Daura
782:zakat
770:Ulama
758:Tunis
754:Egypt
726:henna
714:cloth
660:Jukun
650:Gwari
644:Yauri
638:Kebbi
616:Gobir
597:Gobir
591:Zaria
576:Daura
522:Daura
340:Niger
330:Lagos
325:Kwara
315:Kebbi
285:Gombe
280:Enugu
275:Ekiti
260:Delta
250:Borno
245:Benue
164:1999–
1495:List
1395:Wuli
1350:Sine
1310:Mali
1300:Kong
1230:Daju
1215:Baol
1097:link
1071:link
1045:link
1016:ISBN
1000:link
867:ISBN
803:Fall
742:Qadi
734:Kano
718:salt
710:gold
666:Nupe
602:Rano
581:Kano
514:Kano
493:and
491:Mali
477:and
385:Yobe
355:Osun
350:Ondo
345:Ogun
320:Kogi
305:Kano
215:Abia
1460:Day
1255:Gao
1143:BBC
505:to
465:or
360:Oyo
290:Imo
270:Edo
1514::
1093:}}
1089:{{
1067:}}
1063:{{
1041:}}
1037:{{
996:}}
992:{{
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890:.
844:.
756:,
720:,
716:,
712:,
708:,
704:,
489:,
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1422:t
1415:v
1181:e
1174:t
1167:v
1099:)
1073:)
1047:)
1024:.
1002:)
926:.
900:.
875:.
447:e
440:t
433:v
20:)
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