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Prophet at Medina, and Fadak, and what remained of the Khumus (i.e., one-fifth) of the
Khaibar booty." Abu Bakr said, "Allah's Apostle said, 'We (Prophets), our property is not inherited, and whatever we leave is Sadaqa, but Muhammad's Family can eat from this property, i.e. Allah's property, but they have no right to take more than the food they need.' By Allah! I will not bring any change in dealing with the Sadaqa of the Prophet (and will keep them) as they used to be observed in his (i.e. the Prophet's) life-time, and I will dispose with it as Allah's Apostle used to do," Then 'Ali said, "I testify that None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and that Muhammad is His Apostle," and added, "O Abu Bakr! We acknowledge your superiority." Then he (i.e. 'Ali) mentioned their own relationship to Allah's Apostle and their right. Abu Bakr then spoke saying, "By Allah in Whose Hands my life is. I love to do good to the relatives of Allah's Apostle rather than to my own relatives" Abu Bakr added: Look at Muhammad through his family."
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2148:, Abu Bakr attempted to step back to let him to take up his normal place and lead. Muhammad, however, allowed him to continue. In a related incident, around this time, Muhammad ascended the pulpit and addressed the congregation, saying, "God has given his servant the choice between this world and that which is with God and he has chosen the latter." Abu Bakr, understanding this to mean that Muhammad did not have long to live, responded "Nay, we and our children will be your ransom." Muhammad consoled his friend and ordered that all the doors leading to
927:. His father went away to attend to some other business, and Abu Bakr was left alone. Addressing an idol, Abu Bakr said "O my God, I am in need of beautiful clothes; bestow them on me". The idol remained indifferent. Then he addressed another idol, saying, "O God, give me some delicious food. See that I am so hungry". The idol remained cold. That exhausted the patience of young Abu Bakr. He lifted a stone, and, addressing an idol, said, "Here I am aiming a stone; if you are a god protect yourself". Abu Bakr hurled the stone at the idol and left the
1233:, Muhammad ordered Muslims to migrate to Medina. The migration began in batches. Ali was the last to remain in Mecca, entrusted with responsibility for settling any loans the Muslims had taken out, and famously slept in the bed of Muhammad when the Quraysh, led by Ikrima, attempted to murder Muhammad as he slept. Meanwhile, Abu Bakr accompanied Muhammad to Medina. Due to the danger posed by the Quraysh, they did not take the road, but moved in the opposite direction, taking refuge in a cave in
2745:—and as the rightful successor to Muhammad. Abu Bakr had always been the closest friend and confidant of Muhammad throughout his life, being beside Muhammad at every major event. It was Abu Bakr's wisdom that Muhammad always honored. Abu Bakr is regarded among the best of Muhammad's followers; as Umar ibn al-Khattab stated, "If the faith of Abu Bakr was weighed against the faith of the people of the earth, the faith of Abu Bakr would outweigh the others."
1908:. Khaybar had eight fortresses, the strongest and most well-guarded of which was called Al-Qamus. Muhammad sent Abu Bakr with a group of warriors to attempt to take it, but they were unable to do so. Muhammad also sent Umar with a group of warriors, but Umar could not conquer Al-Qamus either. Some other Muslims also attempted to capture the fort, but they were unsuccessful as well. Finally, Muhammad sent Ali, who defeated the enemy leader,
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1890:. In the Battle of the Trench, Muhammad divided the ditch into a number of sectors and a contingent was posted to guard each sector. One of these contingents was under the command of Abu Bakr. The enemy made frequent assaults in an attempt to cross the ditch, all of which were repulsed. To commemorate this event a mosque, later known as 'Masjid-i-Siddiq', was constructed at the site where Abu Bakr had repulsed the charges of the enemy.
2861:(the uncle of Ja'far al-Sadiq), he was betrayed by the people in Kufa who said to him: "May God have mercy on you! What do you have to say on the matter of Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab?" Zayd ibn Ali said, "I have not heard anyone in my family renouncing them both nor saying anything but good about them...when they were entrusted with government they behaved justly with the people and acted according to the Quran and the Sunnah".
1200:). Abu Bakr, feeling distressed, set out for Yemen and then to Abyssinia from there. He met a friend of his named Ad-Dughna (chief of the Qarah tribe) outside Mecca, who invited Abu Bakr to seek his protection against the Quraysh. Abu Bakr went back to Mecca, it was a relief for him, but soon due to the pressure of Quraysh, Ad-Dughna was forced to renounce his protection. Once again the Quraysh were free to persecute Abu Bakr.
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2578:, who had previously served as one of the scribes of Muhammad, for the task of gathering the scattered verses. The fragments were recovered from every quarter, including from the ribs of palm branches, scraps of leather, stone tablets and "from the hearts of men". The collected work was transcribed onto sheets and verified through comparison with Quran memorisers. The finished codex, termed the
2790:, Muhammad inherited a maid servant, five camels, and ten sheep. Shia Muslims believe that prophets can receive inheritance, and can pass on inheritance to others as well. In addition, Shias claim that Muhammad had given Fadak to Fatimah during his lifetime, and Fadak was therefore a gift to Fatimah, not inheritance. This view has also been supported by the Abbasid ruler
1996:. The tribes shut themselves in the fort and refused to come out in the open. The Muslims employed catapults, but without tangible result. The Muslims attempted to use a testudo formation, in which a group of soldiers shielded by a cover of cowhide advanced to set fire to the gate. However, the enemy threw red hot scraps of iron on the testudo, rendering it ineffective.
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Bakr, having returned to Medina, calmed Umar by showing him
Muhammad's body, convincing him of his death. He then addressed those who had gathered at the mosque, saying, "If anyone worships Muhammad, Muhammad is dead. If anyone worships God, God is alive, immortal", thus putting an end to any idolising impulse in the population. He then concluded with verses from the
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started the same business in Medina. He opened his new store at Sunh, and from there cloth was supplied to the market at Medina. Soon his business flourished. Early in 623, Abu Bakr's daughter Aisha, who was already married to
Muhammad, was sent on to Muhammad's house after a simple marriage ceremony, further strengthening relations between Abu Bakr and Muhammad.
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2036:. Ali went forth on Muhammad's slit-eared camel, and overtook Abu Bakr. When Ali joined the party, Abu Bakr wanted to know whether he had come to give orders or to convey them. Ali said that he had not come to replace Abu Bakr as Amir-ul-Hajj, and that his only mission was to convey a special message to the people on behalf of Muhammad.
1245:, the daughter of Abu Bakr, brought them meals every day. Aamir, a servant of Abu Bakr, would bring a flock of goats to the mouth of the cave every night, where they were milked. The Quraysh sent search parties in all directions. One party came close to the entrance to the cave, but was unable to see them. Abu Bakr was referenced in the
1315:. Abu Bakr's relationship with Khaarijah was most cordial, which was further strengthened when Abu Bakr married Habiba, a daughter of Khaarijah. Khaarijah bin Zaid Ansari lived at Sunh, a suburb of Medina, and Abu Bakr also settled there. After Abu Bakr's family arrived in Medina, he bought another house near Muhammad's.
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strong amongst you shall be weak with me until I have wrested from him the rights of others, if God wills. Obey me so long as I obey God and His
Messenger. But if I disobey God and His Messenger, you owe me no obedience. Arise for your prayer, God have mercy upon you. (Al-Bidaayah wan-Nihaayah 6:305, 306)
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Volume 5, Book 57, Number 60, which says: "Fatima sent somebody to Abu Bakr asking him to give her her inheritance from the
Prophet from what Allah had given to His Apostle through Fai (i.e. booty gained without fighting). She asked for the Sadaqa (i.e. wealth assigned for charitable purposes) of the
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which she claimed her father had given to her as a gift before his death. He refused to accept the testimony of her witnesses, so she claimed the land would still belong to her as inheritance from her deceased father. However, Abu Bakr replied by saying that
Muhammad had told him that the prophets of
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In the name of Most
Merciful God. This is the last will and testament of Abu Bakr bin Abu Quhafa, when he is in the last hour of the world, and the first of the next; an hour in which the infidel must believe, the wicked be convinced of their evil ways, I nominate Umar ibn al Khattab as my successor.
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A more pressing advantage though was the effectiveness of the Muslim fighters as well as their zeal, the latter of which was partially based on their certainty of the righteousness of their cause. Additionally, the general belief among the
Muslims was that the community must be defended at all costs.
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I have been given the authority over you, and I am not the best of you. If I do well, help me; and if I do wrong, set me right. Sincere regard for truth is loyalty and disregard for truth is treachery. The weak amongst you shall be strong with me until I have secured his rights, if God wills; and the
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Upon
Muhammad's death, the Muslim community was unprepared for the loss of its leader and many experienced a profound shock. Umar was particularly affected, instead declaring that Muhammad had gone to consult with God and would soon return, threatening anyone who would say that Muhammad was dead. Abu
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were placed under his command. Nevertheless, the expedition was dispatched, though soon after setting off, news was received of
Muhammad's death, forcing the army to return to Medina. The campaign was not reengaged until after Abu Bakr's ascension to the caliphate, at which point he chose to reaffirm
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The siege dragged on for two weeks, and still there was no sign of weakness in the fort. Muhammad held a council of war. Abu Bakr advised that the siege might be raised and that God make arrangements for the fall of the fort. The advice was accepted, and in February 630, the siege of Ta'if was raised
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No. Abu Bakr is the bravest of men. In the Battle of Badr we had prepared a pavillion for the prophet, but when we were asked to offer ourselves for the task of guarding it none came forward except Abu Bakr. With a drawn sword he took his stand by the side of Prophet of Allah and guarded him from the
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to justify Abu Bakr's later ascension to the caliphate as they display the regard with which Muhammad held the former. However, several other companions had held similar positions of authority and trust, including the leading of prayers. Such honours may therefore not hold much importance in matters
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Abu Bakr had the distinction of being the first Caliph in the history of Islam and also the first Caliph to nominate a successor. He was the only Caliph in the history of Islam who refunded to the state treasury at the time of his death the entire amount of the allowance that he had drawn during the
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Abu Bakr felt that he should nominate his successor so that the issue should not be a cause of dissension among the Muslims after his death, though there was already controversy over Ali not having been appointed. He appointed Umar for this role after discussing the matter with some companions. Some
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had been killed in wars. Fearing that it might become lost or corrupted, Umar requested that Abu Bakr authorise the compilation and preservation of the scriptures in written format. The caliph was initially hesitant, being quoted as saying, "how can we do that which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
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There are a number of traditions regarding Muhammad's final days which have been used to reinforce the idea of the great friendship and trust which is existed between him and Abu Bakr. In one such episode, as Muhammad was nearing death, he found himself unable to lead prayers as he usually would. He
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shouted at the top of his voice, "O Muslims, come to the Prophet of Allah". The call was heard by the Muslim soldiers and they gathered beside Muhammad. When the Muslims had gathered in sufficient number, Muhammad ordered a charge against the enemy. In the hand-to-hand fight that followed the tribes
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While the climate of Mecca was dry, the climate of Medina was damp and because of this, most of the migrants fell sick on arrival. Abu Bakr contracted a fever for several days, during which time he was attended to by Khaarijah and his family. In Mecca, Abu Bakr was a wholesale trader in cloth and he
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Volume 8, Book 80, Number 722, which says: "Aisha said, 'When Allah's Apostle died, his wives intended to send 'Uthman to Abu Bakr asking him for their share of the inheritance.' Then "Aisha said to them, 'Didn't Allah's Apostle say, Our (Apostles') property is not to be inherited, and whatever we
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For three years after the birth of Islam, Muslims kept their faith private. In 613, according to Islamic tradition, Muhammad was commanded by God to call people to Islam openly. The first public address inviting people to offer allegiance to Muhammad was delivered by Abu Bakr. In a fit of fury, the
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and saw a man from among the Arabs passing by, she said, "I have not seen a man more like Abu Bakr than this one." We said to her, "Describe Abu Bakr." She said, "A slight, white man, thin-bearded and bowed. His waist wrapper would not hold but would fall down around his loins. He had a lean face,
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It was certainly good policy to turn the recently subdued tribes of the wilderness towards an external aim in which they might at once satisfy their lust for booty on a grand scale, maintain their warlike feeling, and strengthen themselves in their attachment to the new faith… Muhammad himself had
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The opposition movements came in two forms. One type challenged the political power of the nascent caliphate as well as the religious authority of Islam with the acclamation of rival ideologies, headed by political leaders who claimed the mantle of prophethood in the manner that Muhammad had done.
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The moment was critical. The unity of the Faith was at stake. A divided power would fall to pieces, and all might be lost. The mantle of the Prophet must fall upon one Successor, and on one alone. The sovereignty of Islam demanded an undivided Caliphate; and Arabia would acknowledge no master but
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according to the new Islamic way and appointed Abu Bakr as the leader of the delegation. The day after Abu Bakr and his party had left for the Hajj, Muhammad received a new revelation: Surah Tawbah, the ninth chapter of the Quran. It is related that when this revelation came, someone suggested to
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tribe rushed at Abu Bakr and beat him until he lost consciousness. Following this incident, Abu Bakr's mother converted to Islam. Abu Bakr was persecuted many times by the Quraysh. Though Abu Bakr's beliefs would have been defended by his own clan, it would not be so for the entire Quraysh tribe.
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At their heart, the Ridda movements were challenges to the political and religious supremacy of the Islamic state. Through his success in suppressing the insurrections, Abu Bakr had in effect continued the political consolidation which had begun under Muhammad's leadership with relatively little
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by archers from the local tribes as it passed through the valley of Hunayn, some eleven miles northeast of Mecca. Taken unaware, the advance guard of the Muslim army fled in panic. There was considerable confusion, and the camels, horses and men ran into one another in an attempt to seek cover.
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Therefore, hear to him and obey him. If he acts right, confirm his actions. My intentions are good, but I cannot see the future results. However, those who do ill shall render themselves liable to severe account hereafter. Fare you well. May you be ever attended by the Divine favor of blessing.
2512:, capturing several towns. Though the Byzantines and Sassanians were certain to retaliate, Abu Bakr had reason to be confident; the two empires were militarily exhausted after centuries of war against each other, making it likely that any forces sent to Arabia would be diminished and weakened.
2504:. It may be that Abu Bakr, reasoning that it was inevitable that one of these powers would launch a pre-emptive strike against the youthful caliphate, decided that it was better to deliver the first blow himself. Regardless of the caliph's motivations, in 633, small forces were dispatched into
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was common in Mecca, and many slaves accepted Islam. When an ordinary free man accepted Islam, despite opposition, he would enjoy the protection of his tribe. For slaves, however, there was no such protection and they commonly experienced persecution. Abu Bakr felt compassion for slaves, so he
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and Khalid ibn Asid were sent to Yemen to aid the local governor in re-establishing control. Abu Bakr also made use of diplomatic means in addition to military measures. Like Muhammad before him, he used marriage alliances and financial incentives to bind former enemies to the caliphate. For
2164:), "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (
730:) was given to him as a child when he grew up among a bedouin tribe and developed a fondness for camels. He played with the camel calves and goats, earning this nickname "Abu Bakr," meaning "father of the young camel." A "bakr" in Arabic is a young but already fully grown camel.
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and such other Khalifs as during the last thirteen centuries helped the cause of Islam, politically, socially and from a worldly point of view. On the other hand, the Spiritual Imamat remained with Hazrat Aly and remains with his direct descendants always alive till the day of
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Most of the slaves liberated by Abu Bakr were either women or old and frail men. When the father of Abu Bakr asked him why he did not liberate strong and young slaves, who could be a source of strength for him, Abu Bakr replied that he was freeing the slaves for the sake of
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The political and worldly Khalifat was accepted by Hazrat Aly in favour of the three first Khalifs voluntarily and with goodwill for the protection of the interests of the Muslims throughout the world. We Ismailis now in the same spirit accept the Khalifat of the first
1016:, from whom Abu Bakr disassociated himself. His conversion also brought many people to Islam. He persuaded his intimate friends to convert, and presented Islam to other friends in such a way that many of them also accepted the faith. Those who converted to Islam at the
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Nevertheless, Abu Bakr and Umar, upon learning of the meeting, became concerned of a potential coup and hastened to the gathering. Upon arriving, Abu Bakr addressed the assembled men with a warning that an attempt to elect a leader outside of Muhammad's own tribe, the
2227:, a veteran from the battle of Badr, countered with his own suggestion that the Quraysh and the Ansar choose a leader each from among themselves, who would then rule jointly. The group grew heated upon hearing this proposal and began to argue amongst themselves. The
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was not to be tolerated. Where the Muslims had any agreement with the polytheists such agreements would be honoured for the stipulated periods. Where there were no agreements a grace period of four months was provided and thereafter no quarter was to be given to the
2320:. He had little time to pay attention to the administration of state, though state affairs remained stable during his Caliphate. On the advice of Umar and Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, he agreed to draw a salary from the state treasury and discontinue his cloth trade.
742:, meaning "saved one". In a weak narration in Tirmidhi, Muhammad later restated this title when he said that Abu Bakr is the "Ateeq of Allah from the fire" meaning "saved" or "secure" and the association with Allah showing how close to and protected he is by Allah.
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On 23 August 634, Abu Bakr fell sick and did not recover. He developed a high fever and was confined to bed. His illness was prolonged, and when his condition worsened, he felt that his end was near. Realising this, he sent for Ali and requested him to perform his
806:, “Do not worry; Allah is certainly with us.” So Allah sent down His serenity upon the Prophet, supported him with forces you ˹believers˺ did not see, and made the word of the disbelievers lowest, while the Word of Allah is supreme. And Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.
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Referencing another source, Al-Tabari further describes him as being "white mixed with yellowness, of good build, slight, bowed, thin, tall like a male palm tree, hook-nosed, lean-faced, sunken-eyed, thin-shanked, and strong-thighed. He used to dye himself with
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As the days went by, the Prophet sent Abu Bakr with a contingent and a flag to the fortress of Na'im; but he was not able to conquer it despite heavy fighting. The Prophet then sent Umar bin al-Khattab on the following day, but he fared no better than Abu
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Troubles emerged soon after Abu Bakr's succession, with several Arab tribes launching revolts, threatening the unity and stability of the new community and state. These insurgencies and the caliphate's responses to them are collectively referred to as the
1988:
Muhammad posted a contingent to guard the Hunayn pass and led the main army to Autas. In the confrontation at Autas the tribes could not withstand the Muslim onslaught. Believing continued resistance useless, the tribes broke camp and retired to Ta'if.
1825:, but did not fight, instead acting as one of the guards of Muhammad's tent. In relation to this, Ali later asked his associates as to who they thought was the bravest among men. Everyone stated that Ali was the bravest of all men. Ali then replied:
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already sent expeditions across the frontier, and thereby had pointed out the way to his successors. To follow in his footsteps was in accordance with the innermost being of the youthful Islam, already grown great amid the tumult of arms.
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instructed Abu Bakr to take his place, ignoring concerns from Aisha that her father was too emotionally delicate for the role. Abu Bakr subsequently took up the position, and when Muhammad entered the prayer hall one morning during
1864:, at that time still non-Muslim and fighting on the side of the Quraysh, came forward and threw down a challenge for a duel. Abu Bakr accepted the challenge but was stopped by Muhammad. In the second phase of the battle,
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Umar hastily took Abu Bakr's hand and swore his own allegiance to the latter, an example followed by the gathered men. The meeting broke up when a violent scuffle erupted between Umar and the chief of the Banu Sa'ida,
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was the first freed slave to embrace Islam. Ali ibn Abi Talib was the first child to embrace Islam, for he has not even reached the age of puberty at that time, while Abu Bakr was the first free man to embrace Islam.
802:˹It does not matter˺ if you ˹believers˺ do not support him, for Allah did in fact support him when the disbelievers drove him out ˹of Mecca˺ and he was only one of two. While they both were in the cave, he reassured
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Abu Bakr, likely understanding that maintaining firm control over the disparate tribes of Arabia was crucial to ensuring the survival of the state, suppressed the insurrections with military force. He dispatched
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will be spared from it—who donate ˹some of˺ their wealth only to purify themselves, not in return for someone’s favours, but seeking the pleasure of their Lord, the Most High. They will certainly be pleased.
2126:, had been killed in the earlier conflict. No more than twenty years old, inexperienced and untested, Usama's appointment was controversial, becoming especially problematic when veterans such as Abu Bakr,
629:. He set in motion a historical trajectory that in a few decades would lead to one of the largest empires in history. His victory over the local rebel Arab forces is a significant part of Islamic history.
2223:, would likely result in dissension, as only they can command the necessary respect among the community. He then took Umar and Abu Ubaidah, by the hand and offered them to the Ansar as potential choices.
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1307:
In Medina, Muhammad decided to construct a mosque. A piece of land was chosen and the price of the land was paid for by Abu Bakr. The Muslims, including Abu Bakr, constructed a mosque named
891:- the people of the camel, and developed a particular fondness for camels. In his early years he played with the camel calves and goats, and his love for camels earned him the nickname (
2415:. Other dissenters, while initially allied to the Muslims, used Muhammad's death as an opportunity to attempt to restrict the growth of the new Islamic state. They include some of the
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In Sunni accounts, during one such attack, two discs from Abu Bakr's shield penetrated into Muhammad's cheeks. Abu Bakr went forward with the intention of extracting these discs but
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Shia (as the main branch of Shia Islam, with 85% of all Shias) have a negative view of Abu Bakr because, after Muhammad's death, Abu Bakr refused to grant Muhammad's daughter,
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However, Sunnis argue that Ali and Abu Bakr were not enemies and that Ali named his sons Abi Bakr in honor of Abu Bakr. After the death of Abu Bakr, Ali raised Abu Bakr's son
5105:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population". Pew Research Center. 7 October 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
3004:"Jami' at-Tirmidhi 3679 - Chapters on Virtues - كتاب المناقب عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)"
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God do not leave as inheritance any worldly possessions and on this basis he refused to give her the lands of Fadak. However, as Sayed Ali Asgher Razwy notes in his book
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Though the period of his caliphate covers only two years, two months and fifteen days, it included successful invasions of the two most powerful empires of the time: the
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was betrothed to Muhammad; however, it was decided that the actual marriage ceremony would be held later. In 620 Abu Bakr was the first person to testify to Muhammad's
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Donner, Fred M.; Donner, Professor of Near Eastern History in the Oriental Institute and Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations Fred M. (15 May 2010).
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With Arabia having united under a single centralised state with a formidable military, the region could now be viewed as a potential threat to the neighbouring
2876:"In the present Imamat the final reconciliation between the Shia and Sunni doctrines has been publicly proclaimed by myself on exactly the same lines as
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2659:, in regards to Abu Bakr's appearance, records the following interaction between Aisha and her paternal nephew, Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr:
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He was honorifically called "al-sahib" (the companion) in the Qur'an describing his role as a companion of Muhammad when hiding from the Quraysh in the
2255:) as a result of Saqifah, though he did face contention because of the rushed nature of the event. Several companions, most prominent among them being
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instance, a member of the Banu Hanifa who had sided with the Muslims was rewarded with the granting of a land estate. Similarly, a Kindah rebel named
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563:. His election was contested by a number of rebellious tribal leaders. During his reign, he overcame a number of uprisings, collectively known as the
2770:. It is also believed that Abu Bakr and Umar conspired to take over power in the Muslim nation after Muhammad's death, in a coup d'état against Ali.
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The second form of opposition movement was more strictly political in character. Some of the revolts of this type took the form of tax rebellions in
1196:. All social relations with the Banu Hashim were cut off and their state was that of imprisonment. Before it many Muslims migrated to Abyssinia (now
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as Muhammad's heir, with the election being seen as in contravention to the latter's wishes. Abu Bakr later sent Umar to confront Ali, resulting in
1241:, the son of Abu Bakr, would listen to the plans and discussions of the Quraysh, and at night he would carry the news to the fugitives in the cave.
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by Muhammad Habibur Rahman Khan Sherwani, published 1963 Sh. Muhammad Ashraf. Original from the University of Michigan. Digitized 14 November 2006.
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Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by Prof. Masud-ul-Hasan Page 31. Printed and published by A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd 60 Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore
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At Mecca, Abu Bakr presided at the Hajj ceremony, and Ali read the proclamation on behalf of Muhammad. The main points of the proclamation were:
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The Encyclopedia of Religion Vol.16, Mircea Eliade, Charles J. Adams, Macmillan, 1987, p243. "They were called Rafida by the followers of Zayd"
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to lead around 300 pilgrims from Medina to Mecca. In 631 AD, Muhammad sent from Medina a delegation of three hundred Muslims to perform the
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gives the somewhat controversial opinion that this religious fervour was intentionally used to maintain the enthusiasm and momentum of the
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and a body of troops to subdue the uprisings in Najd as well as that of Musaylimah, who posed the most serious threat. Concurrent to this,
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believe that the second person to publicly accept Muhammed as the messenger of God was Ali ibn Abi Talib, the first being Muhammad's wife
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in response to a call for reinforcements. Abu Bakr and Umar commanded an army under al-Jarrah, and they attacked and defeated the enemy.
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and currently the second-largest group (although its population is only about 5% of all Shia Muslims), believe that on the last hour of
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Muhammad summoned Ali, and asked him to proclaim a portion of Surah Tawbah to the people on the day of sacrifice when they assembled at
827:), meaning "the most pious," "the most righteous," or "the most God-fearing," is referring to Abu Bakr as an example for the believers.
2480:, after repenting and re-joining Islam, was later given land in Medina as well as the hand of Abu Bakr's sister Umm Farwa in marriage.
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2827:. The Twelver Shia view Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr as one of the greatest companions of Ali. When Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr was killed by the
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Muhammad, however, stood firm. Only nine companions remained around him, including Abu Bakr. Under Muhammad's instruction, his uncle
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which may have involved violence. However, after six months the group made peace with Abu Bakr and Ali offered him his allegiance.
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2248:. This event suggests that the choice of Abu Bakr was not unanimous, with emotions running high as a result of the disagreement.
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In 632, during the final weeks of his life, Muhammad ordered an expedition into Syria to avenge the defeat of the Muslims in the
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638:
2832:
2816:). The Twelver Shia strongly contest the idea that Abu Bakr or Umar were instrumental in the collection or preservation of the
2029:
Muhammad that he should send news of it to Abu Bakr. Muhammad said that only a man of his house could proclaim the revelation.
541:
5428:
5151:
4639:
2203:
clan. The general belief at the time was that the purpose of the meeting was for the Ansar to decide on a new leader of the
1842:
during the process. In these stories subsequently Abu Bakr, along with other companions, led Muhammad to a place of safety.
3910:
3474:
2596:'s legendary prototype, which became the definitive text of the Quran. All later editions are derived from this original.
2540:
2305:
1312:
1204:
1046:
584:
5088:
Stephen W. Day (2012). Regionalism and Rebellion in Yemen: A Troubled National Union. Cambridge University Press. p. 31.
5629:
4874:
2109:
1640:
831:
And so I have warned you of a raging Fire, in which none will burn except the most wretched—who deny and turn away. But
618:. He died of illness after a reign of 2 years, 2 months and 14 days, the only Rashidun caliph to die of natural causes.
5624:
5305:, by The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, Yamini Chauhan, Aakanksha Gaur, Gloria Lotha, Noah Tesch and Amy Tikkanen
4892:
1921:
1574:
621:
Though Abu Bakr's reign was short, it included successful invasions of the two most powerful empires of the time, the
2584:, was presented to Abu Bakr, who prior to his death, bequeathed it to his successor Umar. Upon Umar's own death, the
2152:
be closed aside from that which led from Abu Bakr's house, "for I know no one who is a better friend to me than he."
5481:
3602:
by the Islamic Cultural Board Published 1927 s.n. Original from the University of Michigan, digitized 27 March 2006.
1860:, in which the majority of the Muslims were routed and he himself was wounded. Before the battle had begun, his son
5649:
5614:
3580:
2970:, believe that there was also a version of the Quran which had been compiled by Ali, but which has since been lost.
2798:
2754:
2264:
1861:
1679:
1060:
1013:
256:
2847:. Therefore, Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr was the grandson of Abu Bakr and the grandfather of Ja'far al-Sadiq.
2737:) whom Muhammad had testified were destined for Paradise. He is regarded as the "Successor of Allah's Messenger" (
5619:
5421:
3537:
by Atta Mohy-ud-Din, published 1968 S. Chand Original from the University of Michigan, digitized 6 January 2006,
2536:
2472:
2297:
2127:
1977:
1939:
1835:
1790:
1402:
1360:
1066:
1005:
580:
529:
472:
276:
218:
33:
4832:
4373:
2592:, who had been one of the wives of Muhammad. It was this volume, borrowed from Hafsa, which formed the basis of
819:
narrated by ibn Abbas of the exegesis of chapter 92 of the Qur'an by imam al-Suyuti we find the word "al-atqā" (
5573:
4810:
4806:
3412:
2288:
Abu Bakr's reign lasted for 27 months, during which he crushed the rebellion of the Arab tribes throughout the
1887:
1149:
1090:
1034:
4210:
4165:
1821:
In 624, Abu Bakr was involved in the first battle between the Muslims and the Quraysh of Mecca, known as the
904:
Like other children of the rich Meccan merchant families, Abu Bakr was literate and developed a fondness for
2356:
2317:
1397:
658:
233:
2087:). Abu Bakr led a large company in Nejd on the order of Muhammad. Many were killed and taken prisoner. The
5563:
4682:
3331:
3258:
2477:
2456:
2182:
2131:
1697:
1382:
1238:
1056:
980:
615:
567:, as a result of which he was able to consolidate and expand the rule of the Muslim state over the entire
556:
457:
421:
261:
5609:
5558:
5548:
4911:
2824:
2767:
2260:
1830:
infidels by attacking those who dared to proceed in that direction. He was therefore the bravest of men.
1415:
1040:
271:
4367:
3961:
2543:, he did not live to see those regions conquered by Islam, instead leaving the task to his successors.
2061:
From the day this proclamation was made a new era dawned, and Islam alone was to be supreme in Arabia.
1935:
853:
4856:
4631:
Canonical Texts. Bearers of Absolute Authority. Bible, Koran, Veda, Tipitaka: a Phenomenological Study
3257:. Translated by Muhammad Yaqub Khan Published 1951 Ahmadiyyah Anjuman Ishaat Islam. Original from the
2836:
2552:
2460:
2452:
1883:
1877:
1783:
1333:
4204:
3499:
The Mohammedan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions (1894)
852:) means someone who supplicates abundantly to God, someone who is merciful, and the gentle-hearted.
5604:
5599:
5553:
5405:
2711:
2464:
2149:
2115:
1929:
1865:
1732:
1392:
1308:
1082:
607:
203:
4846:
Narrated by al-Bayhaqi in ‘al-Jamia’ lashu’ab al-Eemaan’ (1:18) and its narrators are trustworthy.
4756:"Islamic history of Khalifa Abu Bakr – Death of Abu Bakr | Al Quran Translations | Alim"
912:, and participate in poetical symposia. He had a very good memory and had a good knowledge of the
5444:
5382:
4763:
4427:
Religious Diversity in Muslim-majority States in Southeast Asia: Areas of Toleration and Conflict
3847:
3725:
3502:
3176:
2509:
2259:, initially refused to acknowledge his authority. Among Shi'ites, it is also argued that Ali had
2033:
1377:
1242:
1050:
1030:
634:
468:
323:
251:
192:
98:
5262:
5065:
4604:
3686:
2872:
have also come to accept the caliphates of the first three caliphs, including that of Abu Bakr:
2844:
2517:
2245:
1281:
1212:
971:, Abu Bakr may have converted to Islam after around fifty people, though this is disputed. Some
755:
675:
5594:
5568:
5268:
5248:
5228:
5208:
5177:
5147:
5089:
4739:
4692:
4662:
4635:
4584:
4519:
4482:
4431:
4425:
4291:
4285:
4261:
4234:
4127:
4053:
4047:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3690:
3584:
3506:
3455:
3432:
3393:
3337:
3231:
3162:
3080:
3044:
2840:
2485:
2289:
2256:
2224:
2123:
1993:
1966:
1950:
1946:
1925:
1905:
1899:
1674:
1652:
1512:
992:
664:
591:, of which he had a personal caliphal codex. Prior to dying in August 634, Abu Bakr nominated
568:
243:
161:
4688:
New Researches on the Quran: Why and how two versions of Islam entered the history of mankind
4686:
4656:
4629:
4513:
4255:
4228:
4121:
3156:
2535:
Though Abu Bakr had started these initial conflicts which eventually resulted in the Islamic
5198:
4580:
4476:
4311:
4147:
4085:
4072:
3387:
3074:
3038:
2802:
2766:, and that he had been publicly and unambiguously appointed by Muhammad as his successor at
2690:
2644:
2628:
2562:
2497:
2484:
interruption. By wars' end, he had established an Islamic hegemony over the entirety of the
2468:
2448:
2394:
2313:
2228:
2084:
1972:
1962:
1647:
1295:
After staying at the cave for three days and three nights, Abu Bakr and Muhammad proceed to
1124:
1024:
626:
576:
2251:
Abu Bakr was near-universally accepted as head of the Muslim community (under the title of
2191:
In the immediate aftermath of Muhammad's death, a gathering of the Ansar took place in the
1311:
at the site. Abu Bakr was paired with Khaarijah bin Zaid Ansari (who was from Medina) as a
1264:: "If ye help him not, still God helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the
945:
5395:
5343:
4614:
3424:
2854:
2828:
2686:
2589:
2575:
2501:
2096:
1738:
1657:
1387:
1176:
1119:
1109:
1099:
869:
845:
820:
622:
572:
448:
412:
228:
178:
64:
3521:
Muslim persecution of heretics during the marwanid period (64-132/684-750), Judd Steven,
2820:, claiming that they should have accepted the copy of the book in the possession of Ali.
2624:
of them favoured the nomination and others disliked it, due to the tough nature of Umar.
1270:(second of the two i.e. Abu Bakr); when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his
17:
2574:
bless and keep him, did not himself do?" He eventually relented, however, and appointed
1192:. Muhammad along with his supporters from Banu Hashim, were cut off in a pass away from
4281:
3679:
3254:
2200:
2119:
1857:
1851:
1822:
1816:
1589:
1517:
893:
727:
440:
2835:. Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr's mother was from Ali's family and Qasim's daughter
1292:
this verse said that Abu Bakr was the companion who stayed with Muhammad in the cave.
79:
5588:
2865:
2570:
2440:
2432:
2005:
1599:
1532:
1507:
1502:
1224:
1070:
931:. Regardless, it recorded that prior to converting to Islam, Abu Bakr practiced as a
905:
767:
509:
490:
5224:
The Heirs of Muhammad: Islam's First Century and the Origins of the Sunni-Shia Split
4573:
641:. Shia tradition considers Abu Bakr an usurper of the caliphate and an enemy of the
5288:. In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.).
5016:
2908:
2858:
2561:
in written form. It is said that after the hard-won victory over Musaylimah in the
2376:
2231:
2019:
1773:
1753:
1667:
877:
547:
537:
501:
85:
2791:
2416:
2308:
in Syria. This would set in motion a historical trajectory (continued later on by
1868:'s cavalry attacked the Muslims from behind, changing a Muslim victory to defeat.
1581:
5242:
5222:
5202:
5194:(2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014.
5123:
The waning of the Umayyad caliphate by Tabarī, Carole Hillenbrand, 1989, p37, p38
4608:
3449:
991:, disregards this. He stated that the first woman to embrace Islam was Khadijah.
5365:
5298:
5192:
Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God
5174:
Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God
4509:
3368:
2990:
2726:
2722:
2428:
2408:
2366:
2301:
2145:
2088:
1748:
1350:
1341:
1234:
1189:
1114:
787:
771:
644:
630:
579:, which in the years following his death, would eventually result in the Muslim
521:
919:
A story is preserved that once when he was a child, his father took him to the
4827:
4073:
The life of Mahomet and history of Islam, Volume 4, By Sir William Muir, Pg 83
2898:
2880:
did at the death of the Prophet and during the first thirty years after that.
2812:
2580:
2412:
2380:
2370:
2344:
2337:
2293:
2053:
1585:
1139:
1076:
984:
873:
762:
confirmed that title several times. He was also reportedly referred to in the
603:
564:
497:
313:
182:
4123:
Muhammad Is Not the Father of Any of Your Men: The Making of the Last Prophet
1094:
purchased eight (four men and four women) and then freed them, paying 40,000
883:
He spent his early childhood like other Arab children of the time, among the
856:
said that Abu Bakr has also been called al-awwāh for his merciful character.
5391:
5335:
4802:
4568:
3873:
Some other captains also tried to capture the fortress but they also failed.
3612:
3130:
2850:
2763:
2656:
2604:
2252:
2208:
1714:
1662:
1285:
1144:
962:
957:, friends informed him that in his absence, Muhammad had declared himself a
913:
909:
668:
587:. Apart from politics, Abu Bakr is also credited for the compilation of the
505:
377:
223:
2710:
period of his caliphate. He has the distinction of purchasing the land for
2296:. In the last months of his rule, he sent Khalid ibn al-Walid on conquests
1539:
1246:
679:
3911:"Who was Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA)? His Life and Contributions to Islam %"
2400:
These leaders are all denounced in Islamic histories as "false prophets".
674:
His lineage meets the lineage of Muhammad at the sixth generation up with
5374:
5204:
The Heirs of the Prophet Muhammad: And the Roots of the Sunni-Shia Schism
2869:
2742:
1949:, Abu Bakr was part of the army. Before the conquest of Mecca his father
1595:
1455:
1259:
1197:
1134:
1009:
976:
924:
683:
476:
120:
4743:
4658:
Islam for Our Time: Inside the Traditional World of Islamic Spirituality
2892:
Aga Khan III: Selected Speeches and Writings of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah
2165:
2161:
3936:
2778:
2774:
2436:
2420:
2390:
2220:
1839:
1491:
1422:
884:
525:
373:
5032:
1089:
Abu Bakr's acceptance proved to be a milestone in Muhammad's mission.
5538:
5465:
3636:
2695:
2664:
2593:
2276:
2194:
2186:
2091:
1909:
1709:
1684:
1618:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1472:
1367:
1296:
1289:
1230:
816:
795:
791:
707:
611:
560:
533:
188:
94:
4230:
Muhammad and Jesus: A Comparison of the Prophets and Their Teachings
3300:"Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq – Islamic Studies – Oxford Bibliographies – obo"
766:
as the "second of the two in the cave" in reference to the event of
5413:
3003:
868:
sometime in 573 CE, to a rich family in the Banu Taym tribe of the
602:) as his successor. Along with Muhammad, Abu Bakr is buried in the
4315:
2953:
2831:, Aisha, the third wife of Muhammad, raised and taught her nephew
2782:
2674:
2617:
2603:
2558:
2522:
2384:
2327:
2212:
2204:
2157:
2044:
2001:
1982:
1704:
1626:
1609:
1432:
1427:
1277:
1252:
1208:
1193:
1157:
1095:
1017:
972:
954:
933:
928:
920:
865:
775:
763:
715:
588:
517:
513:
392:
266:
157:
153:
4812:
The History of al-Tabari, Volume XI: The Challenge to the Empires
4325:
4323:
2043:
Henceforward the non-Muslims were not to be allowed to visit the
754:(the truthful) by Muhammad after he believed him in the event of
571:. He also commanded the initial incursions into the neighbouring
5533:
5460:
4254:
Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; Usmani, B. D. (2011).
3538:
2967:
2759:
2725:
tradition considers Abu Bakr the best men after the prophets in
2699:
2640:
2566:
2505:
2404:
2309:
2080:
2025:
1622:
1495:
1467:
1442:
1437:
1098:
for their freedom. He was known to have freed slaves, including
738:
One of his early titles, preceding his conversion to Islam, was
592:
132:
5485:
5417:
2160:: "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (
84:
Calligraphic seal featuring Abu Bakr's name, on display in the
5543:
5470:
2877:
2806:
2609:
2424:
1477:
759:
698:(the most pious) in surah al-Layl refers to Abu Bakr as well.
559:
of the Muslim community as the first caliph, being elected at
552:
in 631. In the absence of Muhammad, Abu Bakr led the prayers.
4287:
The Story of the Qur'an: Its History and Place in Muslim Life
3681:
Essential Islam: A Comprehensive Guide to Belief and Practice
3451:
Encyclopaedia Of Holy Prophet And Companion (Set Of 15 Vols.)
3336:
Leiden: E. J. Brill, 8 vols. with Supplement (vol. 9), 1991.
949:
Abu Bakr Abdullah stops Meccan Mobs, who are against Muslims.
4788:. Shah Jehan Mosque. 15 April 1967 – via Google Books.
4628:
Fernhout, Rein; Jansen, Henry; Jansen-Hofland, Lucy (1994).
4424:
Platzdasch, Bernhard; Saravanamuttu, Johan (6 August 2014).
2316:) that in just a few short decades would lead to one of the
32:
This article is about the first caliph. For other uses, see
4797:
4795:
4104:
Heroes of Islam Series: Abu Bakr, the first caliph of Islam
1085:, (who acted as a general under the Rashidun army in Syria)
532:
converted through Abu Bakr. He accompanied Muhammad on his
5244:
The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate
5144:
Selected Speeches and Writings of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah
5055:
Nahj al-Balagha Sermon 71, Letter 27, Letter 34, Letter 35
2762:
believe that Ali ibn Abi Talib was supposed to assume the
2668:
sunken eyes, a bulging forehead, and trembling knuckles."
2332:
Abu Bakr's caliphate at its territorial peak in August 634
1012:, became a Muslim. All his children accepted Islam except
1008:
did not accept Islam and he divorced her. His other wife,
5114:
Akbar Shah Najeebabadi, The history of Islam. B0006RTNB4.
3369:"Abu Bakr | Biography & Facts | Britannica"
2647:
for him and he was buried beside the grave of Muhammad.
2207:
among themselves, with the intentional exclusion of the
1207:, and Muhammad's wife Khadija died. Abu Bakr's daughter
438: – 23 August 634), commonly known by the
3814:
3812:
2215:), though this has later become the subject of debate.
2797:
Twelvers also accuse Abu Bakr of participating in the
2135:
Usama's command, which ultimately led to its success.
916:
of the Arab tribes, their stories and their politics.
4430:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 364.
4042:
4040:
3899:
Sahih-al-Bhukari book of Maghazi, Ghazwa Saif-al-Jara
2016:
In 630–631 (AH 9), Muhammad assigned Abu Bakr as the
1838:
requested he leave the matter to him, losing his two
1299:, staying for some time at Quba, a suburb of Medina.
5514:
4935:, by Abu – Muhammad Ordoni, 1987. Section entitled
3734:. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. pp.
3552:"The Economic and Social Boycott of the Banu Hashim"
3158:
Islamic Thought: From Mohammed to September 11, 2001
2192:
2017:
2008:, the commander, came to Mecca and became a Muslim.
1271:
1265:
1257:
1250:
1043:, his cousin and an important companion of Muhammad.
671:
ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr.
642:
545:
462:
426:
62:
4965:
A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims
4478:
Muhammad and the Believers: At the Origins of Islam
4016:
A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims
3887:
A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims
3869:
A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims
3788:
A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims
2966:Many early sources, especially but not exclusively
2788:
A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims
1188:In 617, the Quraysh enforced a boycott against the
479:, Abu Bakr is referred to with the honorific title
398:
388:
369:
349:
329:
319:
309:
289:
242:
211:
198:
167:
142:
138:
128:
112:
104:
92:
43:
4572:
3678:
2569:saw that some five hundred of the Muslims who had
2234:gives the following observation of the situation:
1992:Abu Bakr was commissioned by Muhammad to lead the
471:, ruling from 632 until his death in 634. A close
4462:
4450:
4329:
4190:
3358:by Dr. Ali Muhammad As-Sallaabee (Published 2007)
3274:, Dar al-Ilm lil Malayeen, 15th edition, May 2002
2122:, whose father, Muhammad's erstwhile adopted son
1916:Military campaigns during final years of Muhammad
4126:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 27.
2853:, the largest group amongst the Shia before the
2741:), and first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs—i.e.
2118:some years previously. Leading the campaign was
3710:Sherwani, Muhammad Habibur Rahman Khan (1963).
3613:"Surah Taubah Ayat 40 (9:40 Quran) With Tafsir"
3523:Al-Masq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean
2874:
2633:
2528:
2281:
2236:
1827:
829:
800:
5640:Sahabah who participated in the battle of Badr
5635:Sahabah who participated in the battle of Uhud
5172:Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014).
5051:
5049:
5007:Ibn Qutayba al Dinawari. Al Imama Wa'l Siyasa.
3991:. Lahore: A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd. p. 46.
3775:. Lahore: A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd. p. 36.
3658:Tabqat ibn al-Saad book of Maghazi, page no:62
3351:
3349:
2801:. The Twelver Shia believe that Abu Bakr sent
5497:
5429:
3288:. Lahore: A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd. p. 2.
3194:
3192:
3063:Abi Na'eem, "Ma'arifat al-sahaba", no. 64, 65
2627:Abu Bakr thus dictated his last testament to
2050:No one should circumambulate the Kaaba naked.
1791:
8:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4222:
4220:
4115:
4113:
2557:Abu Bakr was instrumental in preserving the
1229:In 622, on the invitation of the Muslims of
770:, where with Muhammad he hid in the cave in
555:Following Muhammad's death in 632, Abu Bakr
484:
402:Businessman, public administrator, economist
297:
46:
5645:People of the Muslim conquest of the Levant
4738:by Masudul Hasan. Lahore: Ferozsons, 1976.
4563:
4561:
4559:
3228:Islam for Nerds – 500 Questions and Answers
2279:, Abu Bakr's first address was as follows:
1049:(who would remain an important part of the
5504:
5490:
5482:
5436:
5422:
5414:
5400:8 June 632 – 22 August 634
5326:
5317:(Second ed.). Brill Reference Online.
4518:. Princeton University Press. p. 85.
4400:The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall
3852:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3712:Hazrat Abu Bakr, the First Caliph of Islam
3654:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3181:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3100:
3098:
3096:
2471:were instructed to conquer Oman. Finally,
2075:Abu Bakr led one military expedition, the
1798:
1784:
1326:
78:
40:
3525:. April 2011, Vol. 23 Issue 1 pg1–14.14p.
3505:, published by Adamant Media Corporation
3027:Abi Na'eem, "Ma'arifat al-sahaba", no. 60
2620:since Ali had also done it for Muhammad.
961:. According to a report of the historian
108:8 June 632 – 23 August 634
5513:The ten to whom Paradise was promised –
4691:. Mehraby Publishing House. p. 75.
4411:
4386:
4341:
4001:
2729:. They also consider Abu Bakr as one of
1203:In 620, Muhammad's uncle and protector,
944:
4723:
4711:
4353:
3909:Lasani, Yousaf Manzoor (12 July 2020).
2983:
2945:
2921:
1329:
908:. He used to attend the annual fair at
667:ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn
4550:
4538:
4290:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 185.
3845:
3174:
2799:burning of the house of Ali and Fatima
2083:, in July 628 (third month 7AH in the
1079:, he was a foster brother of Muhammad.
953:On his return from a business trip in
663:Abu Bakr's full name was Abdullah ibn
637:and the greatest individual after the
286:
5241:Madelung, Wilferd (15 October 1998),
5190:Walker, Adam, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, in
4206:Islamic History: a New Interpretation
3386:Campo, Juan Eduardo (15 April 2009).
3037:Campo, Juan Eduardo (15 April 2009).
2805:to crush those who were in favour of
1170:Persecution of Muslims by the Meccans
1069:(who was a commander in chief of the
7:
5078:from the original on 9 October 2022.
4937:Abu Bakr Versus Fatima az-Zahra (sa)
3356:The Biography Of Abu Bakr As Siddeeq
3230:. Berlin: createspace. p. 432.
633:revere Abu Bakr as the first of the
5033:"The names of Imam Ali (as)'s sons"
5021:The Quran Compiled by Imam Ali (AS)
4828:"YÂR-ı GĀR (Companion of the cave)"
4661:. Xlibris Corporation. p. 76.
4260:. Vij Books India Pvt. p. 27.
3640:Abu Bakr, the First Caliph of Islam
3454:. Anmol Publications Pvt. Limited.
923:, and asked him to pray before the
901:", the father of the camel's calf.
872:tribal confederacy. His father was
849:
824:
694:(companion). Some scholars believe
485:
452:
416:
298:
47:
4953:leave is to be spent in charity?'"
4166:"The Expedition Of Usama Bin Zayd"
1237:, some five miles south of Mecca.
1059:(who played a leading role in the
540:. Abu Bakr participated in all of
25:
4075:See bottom of page, notes section
3251:War and Peace in the Law of Islam
2492:Expeditions into Persia and Syria
1938:to Zaat-ul-Sallasal, followed by
1323:Military campaigns under Muhammad
1027:(who would become the 3rd Caliph)
5290:The Encyclopedia of Islam, THREE
4893:"Chapter 44: The Story of Fadak"
4152:Muḥammad and the Course of Islám
4031:The Life of the Messenger of God
3962:"Facts about Abu Bakr al-Siddiq"
3834:Haykal, Muhammad Husayn (1935).
3803:The Life of the Messenger of God
3108:سيرة أبي بكر الصديق شخصيته وعصره
2952:Such incidents are used by some
2901:
2077:Expedition of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
2071:Expedition of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
2065:Expedition of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
2000:and the Muslim army returned to
1767:
1349:
778:party that was sent after them.
678:. Abu Bakr is referenced in the
299:عَبْد ٱللَّٰه بْن أَبِي قُحَافَة
4912:"Fadak and Inheritance Q&A"
3731:Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman
3429:Encyclopedia of World Religions
3073:Glassé, Cyril (15 April 2003).
2833:Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
1856:In 625, he participated in the
1164:Persecution by the Quraysh, 613
758:when other people did not, and
597:
536:and became one of the latter's
5660:Burials at Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
5303:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
5247:, Cambridge University Press,
4910:twelvershia.net (8 May 2014).
4052:. Darussalam. 1 January 2004.
3915:Zill Noorain Islamic Institute
3579:by Anne Geldart, published by
3319:Tarikh al-Tabari vol.2 page 60
2781:, the lands of the village of
1882:In 627 he participated in the
524:. He was considered the first
1:
5176:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
4803:Al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir
4736:Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr
4610:Sketches from Eastern History
4463:Fitzpatrick & Walker 2014
4451:Fitzpatrick & Walker 2014
4330:Fitzpatrick & Walker 2014
4191:Fitzpatrick & Walker 2014
3989:Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr
3773:Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr
3328:M. Th. Houtsma et al., eds.,
3286:Sidiq-i-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr
3076:The New Encyclopedia of Islam
2275:After assuming the office of
1981:were routed and they fled to
1205:Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib
432:
146:
5665:7th-century monarchs in Asia
5207:, Little, Brown Book Group,
5146:. Kegan Paul. p. 1417.
4995:Zindigānī-yi Fātima-yi Zahrā
4875:"Usurping the Land of Fadak"
4857:"Shia Islam's Holiest Sites"
4826:İsmet Uzun, Mustafa (2013).
4481:. Harvard University Press.
3760:Encyclopedia of Islam Online
2868:under the leadership of the
2459:were sent to Bahrayn, while
2306:against the Byzantine Empire
2110:Expedition of Usama bin Zayd
2104:Expedition of Usama bin Zayd
1160:, and not for his own sake.
937:and never worshipped idols.
616:second holiest site in Islam
27:First caliph from 632 to 634
5515:
4515:The Early Islamic Conquests
4227:Phipps, William E. (2016).
4049:Atlas Al-sīrah Al-Nabawīyah
3577:Islam (Exploring Religions)
3487:Tarikh ar-Rusul wa al-Muluk
3261:. Digitized 23 October 2006
3155:Al-Jubouri, I.M.N. (2010).
2298:against the Sassanid Empire
2193:
2018:
1957:Battles of Hunayn and Ta'if
1947:the Muslims conquered Mecca
1922:Expedition of Amr ibn al-As
1276:(companion i.e. Abu Bakr).
1272:
1266:
1258:
1251:
718:". This is his birth name.
643:
546:
508:, Abu Bakr was amongst the
463:
427:
63:
5681:
5264:Abu Bakr: The First Caliph
5221:Rogerson, Barnaby (2008),
4369:The Succession to Muhammad
4366:Madelung, Wilferd (1997).
4233:. Bloomsbury. p. 70.
3935:slife (26 December 2018).
2752:
2550:
2351:These rebellions include:
2335:
2318:largest empires in history
2180:
2107:
2068:
2047:or perform the pilgrimage.
1960:
1919:
1904:Abu Bakr took part in the
1897:
1875:
1849:
1814:
1222:
1167:
1061:Islamic conquest of Persia
1033:(who played a part in the
656:
428:ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʾAbī Quḥāfa
31:
5524:
5516:al-ʿashara al-mubashshara
5451:
5402:
5389:
5371:
5364:
5329:
4833:TDV Encyclopedia of Islam
4807:Blankinship, Khalid Yahya
4579:. Lucent Books. pp.
4491:– via Google Books.
4120:Powers, David S. (2011).
4062:– via Google Books.
4014:Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher.
3885:Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher.
3867:Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher.
3786:Razwy, Sayed Ali Asgher.
3402:– via Google Books.
3226:Drissner, Gerald (2016).
3207:. Oxford University Press
3089:– via Google Books.
3053:– via Google Books.
2735:al-‘Ashara al-Mubashshara
2731:the Ten Promised Paradise
2588:was left to his daughter
2547:Preservation of the Quran
2473:Al-Muhajir ibn Abi Umayya
2407:among tribes such as the
2261:previously been appointed
2128:Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
1940:Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
1836:Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
1575:Sunni schools of theology
1067:Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
1006:Qutaylah bint Abd-al-Uzza
941:Companionship of Muhammad
489:, lit. the Veracious) by
384:
294:
285:
77:
54:
34:Abu Bakr (disambiguation)
18:Hazrati Abu Bakr Siddique
5655:Sahabah hadith narrators
5574:Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah
5313:. In Bearman, P. (ed.).
4257:Concise History of Islam
3413:al-Bidayah wa'an-Nihayah
2012:Abu Bakr as Amir al-Hajj
1971:In 630, the Muslim army
1888:Invasion of Banu Qurayza
1150:Harithah bint al-Muammil
1035:Muslim conquest of Egypt
1000:Subsequent life in Mecca
690:(second of the two) and
557:succeeded the leadership
544:and served as the first
409:Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa
295:Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa
219:Qutayla bint Abd al-Uzza
5284:Hathaway, Jane (2015).
4683:Azmayesh, Seyed Mostafa
3966:Studio Arabiya in Egypt
3448:Ashraf, Shahid (2004).
3392:. Infobase Publishing.
3043:. Infobase Publishing.
2937:Presumably the youngest
2864:In a similar view, the
2755:Umar at Fatimah's house
2431:, as well as among the
2357:Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah
1373:Prophets and Messengers
1047:'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf
659:Family tree of Abu Bakr
639:prophets and messengers
5315:Encyclopaedia of Islam
5299:Abū Bakr Muslim caliph
5261:Huthayfa, Abu (2013),
4655:Herlihy, John (2012).
4634:. Rodopi. p. 62.
3677:Morgan, Diane (2010).
3332:Encyclopaedia of Islam
3259:University of Michigan
3161:. Berlin. p. 53.
3129:Al-Suyuti, Jalaladin.
2897:
2843:and was the mother of
2705:Companion of the Cave.
2670:
2638:
2612:
2608:Abu Bakr dying beside
2533:
2347:("Wars of Apostasy").
2333:
2286:
2241:
2183:Succession to Muhammad
2079:, which took place in
1832:
1641:Contemporary movements
1456:Rightly-Guided Caliphs
1383:Succession to Muhammad
1239:Abd Allah ibn Abi Bakr
950:
887:who called themselves
837:
808:
635:rightly-guided caliphs
530:companions of Muhammad
5559:Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf
5549:Talha ibn Ubayd Allah
5142:Aga Khan III (1998).
4203:Shaban, M.A. (1971).
4029:ibn Ishaq, Muhammad.
3583:, 28 September 2000.
3389:Encyclopedia of Islam
3205:Oxford Bibliographies
3040:Encyclopedia of Islam
2928:Presumably the middle
2825:Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
2681:Assessment and legacy
2661:
2607:
2375:those from among the
2361:Tulayha ibn Khuwaylid
2331:
2239:from amongst Koreish.
1934:In 629 Muhammad sent
1041:Talha ibn Ubayd-Allah
989:Al Bidaya Wal Nihayah
948:
864:Abu Bakr was born in
475:and father-in-law of
417:عبد الله بن أبي قحافة
234:Habibah bint Kharijah
5341:Cadet branch of the
5309:Lecomte, G. (2022).
4102:Ahmad, Fazl (1961).
3871:. pp. 192–193.
3836:The Life of Muhammad
3821:The Life of Mohammed
3819:Irving, Washington.
3685:. ABC-CLIO. p.
3201:"Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq"
3131:"al-Dur al-Manthoor"
2837:Farwah bint al-Qasim
2663:When she was in her
2553:History of the Quran
2461:Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl
2453:Shurahbil ibn Hasana
2100:mentions the event.
1994:attack against Ta'if
1953:converted to Islam.
1884:Battle of the Trench
1878:Battle of the Trench
1872:Battle of the Trench
1423:Declaration of Faith
542:Muhammad's campaigns
116:Position established
65:Khalifat Rasul Allah
5630:7th-century caliphs
5564:Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
5554:Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
5406:Umar ibn Al-Khattab
5201:(4 November 2010),
4963:Razwy, Ali Asgher.
4933:Fatima the Gracious
4899:. 27 December 2012.
4881:. 12 November 2013.
3937:"Conquest of Mecca"
3726:Watt, W. Montgomery
3330:E.J. Brill's first
3105:محمد الصلابي, علي.
3079:. Rowman Altamira.
2712:Al-Masjid al-Nabawi
2571:memorised the Quran
2537:conquests of Persia
2478:Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays
2465:Hudhayfah al-Bariqi
2457:Al-Ala'a Al-Hadrami
2199:(courtyard) of the
2132:Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
2004:. A few days later
1930:Expedition of Tabuk
1866:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1309:Al-Masjid al-Nabawi
1219:Migration to Medina
1184:Last years in Mecca
1057:Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
876:and his mother was
608:Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
581:conquests of Persia
534:migration to Medina
204:Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
123:as Islamic Prophet)
5625:Family of Abu Bakr
5366:Sunni Islam titles
4815:. pp. 138–39.
4766:on 31 October 2020
4575:The Islamic Empire
4170:Discover The Truth
3968:. 28 November 2022
3941:The Spiritual Life
3558:. 10 November 2013
3503:Stanley Lane-Poole
3373:www.britannica.com
3199:Saritoprak, Zeki.
2739:Khalifa Rasulullah
2613:
2334:
2292:in the successful
1680:Neo-traditionalism
1243:Asma bint Abi Bakr
1051:Rashidun Caliphate
1020:of Abu Bakr were:
951:
854:Ibrahim al-Nakha'i
714:means "servant of
653:Lineage and titles
193:Rashidun Caliphate
99:Rashidun Caliphate
5650:Arab slave owners
5615:People from Mecca
5582:
5581:
5479:
5478:
5412:
5411:
5403:Succeeded by
5387:
5254:978-0-52-164696-3
5234:978-1-59-020022-3
5214:978-0-74-812470-1
5199:Rogerson, Barnaby
4980:Fadak wa l-ʿawālī
4978:Jalālī, Ḥusaynī.
4967:. pp. 34–35.
4605:Nöldeke, Theodore
4541:, pp. 86–87)
4437:978-981-4519-64-9
4148:Balyuzi, Hasan M.
3589:978-0-431-09301-7
3581:Heinemann Library
3511:978-1-4021-6666-2
3461:978-81-261-1940-0
3437:978-0-87779-044-0
3431:by Wendy Doniger
3375:. 19 August 2023.
2841:Muhammad al-Baqir
2693:. He is known as
2486:Arabian Peninsula
2290:Arabian Peninsula
2257:Ali ibn Abi Talib
2225:Habab ibn Mundhir
2139:Death of Muhammad
2124:Zayd ibn Harithah
1926:Conquest of Mecca
1906:Battle of Khaybar
1900:Battle of Khaybar
1894:Battle of Khaybar
1808:
1807:
1653:Deobandi movement
1215:(Night Journey).
1175:young men of the
993:Zayd ibn Harithah
577:Byzantine empires
569:Arabian Peninsula
526:Muslim missionary
510:earliest converts
467:), was the first
461:
425:
406:
405:
305:
304:
16:(Redirected from
5672:
5620:Rashidun caliphs
5518:
5506:
5499:
5492:
5483:
5445:Rashidun Caliphs
5438:
5431:
5424:
5415:
5378:
5372:Preceded by
5360:
5353:
5327:
5318:
5293:
5277:
5257:
5237:
5217:
5187:
5158:
5157:
5139:
5133:
5130:
5124:
5121:
5115:
5112:
5106:
5103:
5097:
5086:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5070:
5062:
5056:
5053:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5039:
5029:
5023:
5014:
5008:
5005:
4999:
4998:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4975:
4969:
4968:
4960:
4954:
4950:Sahih Al Bukhari
4943:Sahih Al Bukhari
4926:
4920:
4919:
4907:
4901:
4900:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4863:. 25 April 2017.
4853:
4847:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4799:
4790:
4789:
4786:"Islamic Review"
4782:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4762:. Archived from
4752:
4746:
4733:
4727:
4721:
4715:
4714:, p. 76–77)
4709:
4703:
4702:
4679:
4673:
4672:
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4625:
4619:
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4565:
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4454:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4421:
4415:
4409:
4403:
4396:
4390:
4389:, p. 30–31)
4384:
4378:
4377:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4345:
4344:, pp. 30–2.
4339:
4333:
4327:
4318:
4312:Sahih al-Bukhari
4308:
4302:
4301:
4278:
4272:
4271:
4251:
4245:
4244:
4224:
4215:
4214:
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4107:
4099:
4093:
4086:Sunan Abu Dawood
4082:
4076:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4044:
4035:
4034:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3987:Masud-ul-Hasan.
3984:
3978:
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3975:
3973:
3958:
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3949:
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3824:
3816:
3807:
3806:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3771:Masud-ul-Hasan.
3768:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3707:
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3700:
3684:
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3597:
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3574:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3556:www.al-islam.org
3548:
3542:
3532:
3526:
3519:
3513:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3475:Tabaqat ibn Sa'd
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3404:
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3310:
3308:
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3296:
3290:
3289:
3284:Masud-ul-Hasan.
3281:
3275:
3268:
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3248:
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2994:
2991:Tabaqat ibn Sa'd
2988:
2971:
2964:
2958:
2950:
2938:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2895:
2803:Khalid ibn Walid
2691:Byzantine Empire
2677:and black dye."
2629:Uthman ibn Affan
2563:Battle of Yamama
2502:Sasanian empires
2469:Arfaja al-Bariqi
2449:Khalid ibn Walid
2395:Al-Aswad Al-Ansi
2314:Uthman ibn Affan
2205:Muslim community
2198:
2116:Battle of Mu'tah
2085:Islamic calendar
2023:
1963:Battle of Hunayn
1956:
1886:and also in the
1800:
1793:
1786:
1774:Islam portal
1772:
1771:
1770:
1648:Barelvi movement
1614:
1613:
1527:
1526:
1353:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1327:
1313:brother in faith
1275:
1269:
1263:
1256:
1130:The women were:
1125:Amir ibn Fuhayra
1083:Khalid ibn Sa'id
1025:Uthman Ibn Affan
968:Tarikh al-Tabari
959:messenger of God
851:
826:
790:cave during the
648:
627:Byzantine Empire
623:Sassanian Empire
601:
599:
551:
488:
487:
466:
456:
454:
437:
434:
430:
420:
418:
301:
300:
287:
185:
175:(aged 60) (
174:
151:
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82:
68:
50:
49:
41:
21:
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5475:
5447:
5442:
5408:
5399:
5396:Rashidun Caliph
5394:
5392:Caliph of Islam
5377:
5354:
5348:
5347:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5308:
5292:. BRILL Online.
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5066:"www.state.gov"
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4927:
4923:
4916:TwelverShia.net
4909:
4908:
4904:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4845:
4841:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4801:
4800:
4793:
4784:
4783:
4779:
4769:
4767:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4734:
4730:
4722:
4718:
4710:
4706:
4699:
4681:
4680:
4676:
4669:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4642:
4627:
4626:
4622:
4603:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4567:
4566:
4557:
4549:
4545:
4537:
4533:
4526:
4510:Donner, Fred M.
4508:
4507:
4496:
4489:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4461:
4457:
4449:
4445:
4438:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4410:
4406:
4397:
4393:
4385:
4381:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4340:
4336:
4328:
4321:
4309:
4305:
4298:
4282:Mattson, Ingrid
4280:
4279:
4275:
4268:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4241:
4226:
4225:
4218:
4202:
4201:
4197:
4193:, pp. 2–3.
4189:
4185:
4175:
4173:
4172:. 21 March 2016
4164:
4163:
4159:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4134:
4119:
4118:
4111:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4083:
4079:
4071:
4067:
4060:
4046:
4045:
4038:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4000:
3996:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3971:
3969:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3945:
3943:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3844:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3818:
3817:
3810:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3697:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3646:
3635:
3631:
3621:
3619:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3600:Islamic Culture
3598:
3594:
3575:
3571:
3561:
3559:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3533:
3529:
3520:
3516:
3497:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3462:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3425:Merriam-Webster
3423:
3419:
3411:
3407:
3400:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3354:
3347:
3327:
3323:
3318:
3314:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3269:
3265:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3210:
3208:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3173:
3169:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3104:
3103:
3094:
3087:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3051:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3026:
3022:
3012:
3010:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2974:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2947:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2907:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2890:
2855:Safavid dynasty
2845:Ja'far al-Sadiq
2839:was married to
2757:
2751:
2720:
2687:Sassanid Empire
2683:
2653:
2602:
2576:Zayd ibn Thabit
2555:
2549:
2518:Theodor Nöldeke
2494:
2340:
2326:
2273:
2246:Sa'd ibn Ubadah
2211:(migrants from
2189:
2181:Main articles:
2179:
2174:
2141:
2112:
2106:
2097:Sunan Abu Dawud
2073:
2067:
2014:
1969:
1961:Main articles:
1959:
1936:'Amr ibn al-'As
1932:
1920:Main articles:
1918:
1902:
1896:
1880:
1874:
1854:
1848:
1819:
1813:
1804:
1768:
1766:
1761:
1760:
1739:Kutub al-Sittah
1728:
1720:
1719:
1700:
1690:
1689:
1643:
1633:
1632:
1607:
1606:
1577:
1567:
1566:
1524:
1523:
1498:
1483:
1482:
1458:
1448:
1447:
1418:
1408:
1407:
1363:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1305:
1282:Saʽid al-Khudri
1267:thaniya ithnayn
1249:in verse 40 of
1227:
1221:
1213:Isra and Mi'raj
1186:
1172:
1166:
1120:Ammar ibn Yasir
1110:Bilal ibn Rabah
1100:Bilal ibn Rabah
1002:
943:
862:
842:
813:
784:
756:Isra and Mi'raj
748:
736:
726:This nickname (
724:
704:
688:thaniya ithnayn
676:Murrah ibn Ka'b
661:
655:
596:
516:and propagated
435:
365:
345:
296:
281:
238:
229:Asma bint Umais
207:
187:
179:Jumada al-Thani
176:
172:
152:
149:
118:
88:
71:
45:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5678:
5676:
5668:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5587:
5586:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5576:
5571:
5569:Sa'id ibn Zayd
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5501:
5494:
5486:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5433:
5426:
5418:
5410:
5409:
5404:
5401:
5388:
5373:
5369:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5352:27 October 573
5340:
5333:
5330:
5324:
5323:External links
5321:
5320:
5319:
5306:
5295:
5294:
5286:"Amīr al-ḥajj"
5279:
5278:
5273:
5258:
5253:
5238:
5233:
5218:
5213:
5195:
5188:
5182:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5152:
5134:
5125:
5116:
5107:
5098:
5081:
5057:
5045:
5024:
5009:
5000:
4997:. p. 117.
4985:
4982:. p. 141.
4970:
4955:
4921:
4902:
4884:
4866:
4848:
4839:
4818:
4791:
4777:
4747:
4728:
4716:
4704:
4697:
4674:
4667:
4647:
4640:
4620:
4596:
4589:
4555:
4543:
4531:
4524:
4494:
4487:
4467:
4455:
4453:, p. 186.
4443:
4436:
4416:
4412:Madelung (1997
4404:
4398:William Muir,
4391:
4387:Madelung (1997
4379:
4358:
4346:
4334:
4319:
4303:
4296:
4273:
4266:
4246:
4239:
4216:
4195:
4183:
4157:
4154:. p. 151.
4139:
4132:
4109:
4094:
4077:
4065:
4058:
4036:
4021:
4018:. p. 255.
4006:
3994:
3979:
3953:
3927:
3901:
3892:
3889:. p. 193.
3877:
3859:
3826:
3808:
3793:
3790:. p. 192.
3778:
3763:
3751:
3744:
3717:
3702:
3695:
3669:
3660:
3644:
3629:
3604:
3592:
3569:
3543:
3527:
3514:
3491:
3479:
3467:
3460:
3440:
3417:
3405:
3398:
3378:
3360:
3345:
3321:
3312:
3291:
3276:
3263:
3255:Majid Khadduri
3243:
3237:978-1530860180
3236:
3218:
3188:
3167:
3147:
3121:
3092:
3085:
3065:
3056:
3049:
3029:
3020:
2995:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2959:
2957:of succession.
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2930:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2888:
2809:'s caliphate (
2750:
2747:
2719:
2716:
2682:
2679:
2655:The historian
2652:
2649:
2645:funeral prayer
2601:
2598:
2551:Main article:
2548:
2545:
2493:
2490:
2398:
2397:
2387:
2373:
2363:
2336:Main article:
2325:
2322:
2272:
2269:
2265:an altercation
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2140:
2137:
2120:Usama ibn Zayd
2108:Main article:
2105:
2102:
2069:Main article:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2051:
2048:
2013:
2010:
1967:Siege of Ta'if
1958:
1955:
1917:
1914:
1898:Main article:
1895:
1892:
1876:Main article:
1873:
1870:
1858:Battle of Uhud
1852:Battle of Uhud
1850:Main article:
1847:
1846:Battle of Uhud
1844:
1823:Battle of Badr
1817:Battle of Badr
1815:Main article:
1812:
1811:Battle of Badr
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1604:
1603:
1593:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1398:Predestination
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1346:
1345:
1324:
1321:
1304:
1303:Life in Medina
1301:
1284:and Abd Allah
1223:Main article:
1220:
1217:
1185:
1182:
1168:Main article:
1165:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1105:The men were:
1087:
1086:
1080:
1074:
1064:
1054:
1044:
1038:
1028:
1001:
998:
942:
939:
861:
858:
841:
838:
812:
809:
783:
780:
750:He was called
747:
744:
735:
732:
723:
720:
703:
700:
654:
651:
600: 634–644
404:
403:
400:
396:
395:
390:
386:
385:
382:
381:
371:
367:
366:
364:
363:
360:
357:
353:
351:
347:
346:
344:
343:
340:
337:
333:
331:
327:
326:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
306:
303:
302:
292:
291:
283:
282:
280:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
248:
246:
240:
239:
237:
236:
231:
226:
221:
215:
213:
209:
208:
202:
200:
196:
195:
169:
165:
164:
144:
140:
139:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
90:
89:
83:
75:
74:
70:
69:
57:
52:
51:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5677:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5519:
5517:
5507:
5502:
5500:
5495:
5493:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5446:
5439:
5434:
5432:
5427:
5425:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5407:
5398:
5397:
5393:
5386:
5385:
5384:
5383:Final prophet
5376:
5370:
5367:
5363:
5359:22 August 634
5358:
5351:
5346:
5345:
5338:
5337:
5328:
5322:
5316:
5312:
5307:
5304:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5287:
5282:
5281:
5276:
5274:9780958172035
5270:
5266:
5265:
5259:
5256:
5250:
5246:
5245:
5239:
5236:
5230:
5226:
5225:
5219:
5216:
5210:
5206:
5205:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5183:9781610691789
5179:
5175:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5155:
5149:
5145:
5138:
5135:
5129:
5126:
5120:
5117:
5111:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5095:
5094:9781107022157
5091:
5085:
5082:
5074:
5067:
5061:
5058:
5052:
5050:
5046:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5018:
5013:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4996:
4989:
4986:
4981:
4974:
4971:
4966:
4959:
4956:
4951:
4944:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4925:
4922:
4917:
4913:
4906:
4903:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4885:
4880:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4862:
4858:
4852:
4849:
4843:
4840:
4836:(in Turkish).
4835:
4834:
4829:
4822:
4819:
4814:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4781:
4778:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4732:
4729:
4726:, p. 77)
4725:
4724:Herlihy (2012
4720:
4717:
4713:
4712:Herlihy (2012
4708:
4705:
4700:
4698:9780955811760
4694:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4678:
4675:
4670:
4668:9781479709977
4664:
4660:
4659:
4651:
4648:
4643:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4624:
4621:
4616:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4592:
4590:9781420506341
4586:
4582:
4577:
4576:
4570:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4556:
4553:, p. 86)
4552:
4547:
4544:
4540:
4535:
4532:
4527:
4525:9781400847877
4521:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4490:
4488:9780674050976
4484:
4480:
4479:
4471:
4468:
4464:
4459:
4456:
4452:
4447:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4429:
4428:
4420:
4417:
4414:, p. 32)
4413:
4408:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4388:
4383:
4380:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4362:
4359:
4355:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4342:Madelung 1997
4338:
4335:
4331:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4299:
4297:9780470673492
4293:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4274:
4269:
4267:9789382573470
4263:
4259:
4258:
4250:
4247:
4242:
4240:9781474289351
4236:
4232:
4231:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4199:
4196:
4192:
4187:
4184:
4171:
4167:
4161:
4158:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4140:
4135:
4133:9780812205572
4129:
4125:
4124:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4106:. p. 42.
4105:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4087:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4069:
4066:
4061:
4059:9789960897714
4055:
4051:
4050:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4032:
4025:
4022:
4017:
4010:
4007:
4003:
4002:Hathaway 2015
3998:
3995:
3990:
3983:
3980:
3967:
3963:
3957:
3954:
3942:
3938:
3931:
3928:
3916:
3912:
3905:
3902:
3896:
3893:
3888:
3881:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3863:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3842:
3837:
3830:
3827:
3822:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3804:
3797:
3794:
3789:
3782:
3779:
3774:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3745:0-19-881078-4
3741:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3714:. p. 23.
3713:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3696:9780313360268
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3168:9781453595855
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3086:9780759101906
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3050:9781438126968
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2866:Ismaili Shias
2862:
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2240:
2235:
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2222:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2103:
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2086:
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2078:
2072:
2064:
2062:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2006:Malik bin Auf
2003:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1964:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1945:In 630, when
1943:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1862:Abd al-Rahman
1859:
1853:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1826:
1824:
1818:
1810:
1801:
1796:
1794:
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1755:
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1642:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1600:Ahl al-Hadith
1597:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
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1537:
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1534:
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1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1393:Judgement Day
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1335:
1328:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1225:Hijra (Islam)
1218:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1171:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:Rashidun army
1068:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1014:Abd al-Rahman
1011:
1007:
999:
997:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:
964:
960:
956:
947:
940:
938:
936:
935:
930:
926:
922:
917:
915:
911:
907:
902:
900:
896:
895:
890:
886:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
859:
857:
855:
847:
839:
836:
834:
833:the righteous
828:
822:
818:
810:
807:
805:
804:his companion
799:
797:
793:
789:
781:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
745:
743:
741:
733:
731:
729:
721:
719:
717:
713:
709:
701:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
660:
652:
650:
647:
646:
640:
636:
632:
631:Sunni Muslims
628:
624:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
553:
550:
549:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
494:
492:
491:Sunni Muslims
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
459:
450:
446:
443:
442:
429:
423:
414:
410:
401:
397:
394:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
372:
368:
361:
358:
355:
354:
352:
348:
341:
338:
335:
334:
332:
328:
325:
322:
318:
315:
312:
308:
293:
288:
284:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
257:Abd al-Rahman
255:
253:
250:
249:
247:
245:
241:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
216:
214:
210:
205:
201:
197:
194:
190:
184:
180:
171:23 August 634
170:
166:
163:
159:
155:
145:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
124:
122:
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
91:
87:
81:
76:
73:
67:
66:
61:
60:
59:
56:
53:
42:
39:
35:
30:
19:
5610:Arab Muslims
5528:
5455:
5390:
5380:
5379:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5334:
5314:
5302:
5289:
5267:, Al Qasim,
5263:
5243:
5227:, Overlook,
5223:
5203:
5191:
5173:
5165:Bibliography
5143:
5137:
5128:
5119:
5110:
5101:
5084:
5060:
5036:. Retrieved
5027:
5020:
5017:al-islam.org
5012:
5003:
4994:
4988:
4979:
4973:
4964:
4958:
4949:
4942:
4936:
4932:
4929:al-islam.org
4924:
4915:
4905:
4897:Al-Islam.org
4896:
4887:
4879:Al-Islam.org
4878:
4869:
4860:
4851:
4842:
4831:
4821:
4811:
4780:
4768:. Retrieved
4764:the original
4760:www.alim.org
4759:
4750:
4735:
4731:
4719:
4707:
4687:
4677:
4657:
4650:
4630:
4623:
4609:
4599:
4574:
4551:Donner (1981
4546:
4539:Donner (1981
4534:
4514:
4477:
4470:
4465:, p. 4.
4458:
4446:
4426:
4419:
4407:
4402:(1891), p. 2
4399:
4394:
4382:
4368:
4361:
4354:Lecomte 2022
4349:
4337:
4332:, p. 3.
4310:
4306:
4286:
4276:
4256:
4249:
4229:
4205:
4198:
4186:
4174:. Retrieved
4169:
4160:
4151:
4142:
4122:
4103:
4097:
4084:
4080:
4068:
4048:
4030:
4024:
4015:
4009:
3997:
3988:
3982:
3970:. Retrieved
3965:
3956:
3944:. Retrieved
3940:
3930:
3918:. Retrieved
3914:
3904:
3895:
3886:
3880:
3872:
3868:
3862:
3839:
3835:
3829:
3820:
3802:
3796:
3787:
3781:
3772:
3766:
3759:
3754:
3730:
3720:
3711:
3705:
3680:
3672:
3663:
3639:
3632:
3620:. Retrieved
3616:
3607:
3599:
3595:
3576:
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3555:
3546:
3534:
3530:
3522:
3517:
3498:
3494:
3482:
3470:
3450:
3443:
3428:
3420:
3408:
3388:
3381:
3372:
3363:
3334:, 1913–1936,
3329:
3324:
3315:
3305:13 September
3303:. Retrieved
3294:
3285:
3279:
3271:
3270:Al-Zarkali,
3266:
3250:
3246:
3227:
3221:
3209:. Retrieved
3204:
3157:
3150:
3138:. Retrieved
3134:
3124:
3112:. Retrieved
3107:
3075:
3068:
3059:
3039:
3032:
3023:
3011:. Retrieved
3007:
2998:
2986:
2962:
2948:
2933:
2924:
2909:Islam portal
2891:
2881:
2875:
2863:
2859:Zayd ibn Ali
2849:
2822:
2817:
2810:
2796:
2787:
2772:
2768:Ghadir Khumm
2760:Shia Muslims
2758:
2738:
2734:
2723:Sunni Muslim
2721:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2684:
2671:
2662:
2654:
2639:
2634:
2631:as follows:
2626:
2622:
2614:
2585:
2579:
2556:
2534:
2529:
2521:
2514:
2495:
2482:
2445:
2402:
2399:
2389:that of the
2377:Banu Taghlib
2365:that of the
2355:that of the
2349:
2341:
2287:
2282:
2274:
2250:
2242:
2237:
2232:William Muir
2217:
2190:
2154:
2146:Fajr prayers
2142:
2113:
2095:
2074:
2060:
2057:polytheists.
2038:
2031:
2020:amir al-hajj
2015:
1998:
1991:
1987:
1973:was ambushed
1970:
1944:
1933:
1903:
1881:
1855:
1833:
1828:
1820:
1737:
1668:Ahl-i Hadith
1608:In terms of
1605:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1522:
1462:
1416:Five Pillars
1317:
1306:
1294:
1290:interpreting
1228:
1202:
1187:
1173:
1154:
1129:
1104:
1088:
1003:
988:
975:and all the
966:
952:
932:
918:
903:
898:
892:
889:Ahl-i-Ba'eer
888:
882:
878:Umm al-Khayr
863:
844:"Al-Awwāh" (
843:
832:
830:
814:
803:
801:
785:
751:
749:
739:
737:
725:
711:
705:
695:
691:
687:
673:
662:
620:
554:
548:amir al-hajj
502:Umm al-Khayr
495:
480:
444:
439:
408:
407:
324:Umm al-Khayr
117:
86:Hagia Sophia
72:
58:
55:
38:
29:
5311:"Al-Saḳīfa"
3801:Ibn Ishaq.
3541:B0006FFA0O.
3477:3/ 169, 174
3211:12 December
2886:Judgement."
2851:Zaydi Shias
2727:Sunni Islam
2409:Banu Fazara
2367:Banu Hanifa
2302:Mesopotamia
2229:orientalist
2201:Banu Sa'ida
2094:collection
1754:Persecution
1590:Ahl al-Ra'y
1342:Sunni Islam
1235:Jabal Thawr
1190:Banu Hashim
1115:Abu Fukayha
788:Jabal Thawr
772:Jabal Thawr
710:, the name
645:ahl al-bayt
528:as several
522:Mushrikites
277:Umm Kulthum
173:(634-08-23)
113:Predecessor
5605:634 deaths
5600:573 births
5589:Categories
5153:0710304277
4861:WorldAtlas
4641:9051837747
4613:. p.
4569:Nardo, Don
4372:. p.
4209:. p.
3622:6 February
3135:tafsir.app
3008:sunnah.com
2978:References
2894:, pg. 1417
2878:Hazrat Aly
2813:Ridda wars
2764:leadership
2753:See also:
2718:Sunni view
2651:Appearance
2541:the Levant
2516:Historian
2413:Banu Tamim
2393:headed by
2383:headed by
2381:Bani Tamim
2371:Musaylimah
2369:headed by
2359:headed by
2345:Ridda wars
2338:Ridda wars
2324:Ridda wars
2294:Ridda wars
2150:the mosque
2054:Polytheism
1951:Abu Quhafa
1733:Literature
1698:Holy sites
1586:Maturidism
1443:Pilgrimage
1378:Holy books
1140:Al-Nahdiah
1077:Abu Salama
1073:in Levant)
985:Ibn Kathir
874:Abu Quhafa
860:Early life
665:Abi Quhafa
657:See also:
604:Green Dome
585:the Levant
565:Ridda wars
538:bodyguards
498:Abu Quhafa
486:الصِّدِّيق
436: 573
399:Occupation
314:Abu Quhafa
150: 573
5336:Banu Taim
5331:Abu Bakr
5096:. Jump up
5038:13 August
4993:Shahīdī.
4948:See also
4941:See also
3848:cite book
3838:. Cairo.
3177:cite book
3140:2 October
3114:2 October
3013:2 October
2870:Aga Khans
2792:al-Ma'mun
2749:Shia view
2696:Al-Siddiq
2657:Al-Tabari
2510:Palestine
2498:Byzantine
2271:Accession
2209:Muhajirun
2172:Caliphate
1715:Jerusalem
1675:Modernism
1663:Wahhabism
1623:al-Wijdan
1582:Ash'arism
1286:ibn Abbas
1145:Umm Ubays
1031:Al-Zubayr
1004:His wife
987:, in his
965:, in his
963:Al-Tabari
914:genealogy
774:from the
752:Al-Siddiq
746:al-Siddiq
712:Abd Allah
682:in surah
506:Banu Taym
481:al-Ṣiddīq
473:companion
464:ʾAbū Bakr
458:romanized
422:romanized
378:Banu Taym
262:Abd Allah
224:Umm Ruman
191:, Hejaz,
129:Successor
5595:Abu Bakr
5529:Abu Bakr
5456:Abu Bakr
5375:Muhammad
5073:Archived
4809:(1993).
4685:(2015).
4607:(1892).
4571:(2011).
4512:(1981).
4284:(2013).
4150:(1976).
3758:"Uhud",
3728:(1974).
3617:My Islam
3535:Abu Bakr
3272:Al-A'lam
2889:—
2829:Umayyads
2743:Rashidun
2643:led the
2565:in 632,
2379:and the
1840:incisors
1658:Salafism
1627:al-Kashf
1596:Atharism
1463:Abu Bakr
1334:a series
1332:Part of
1260:at-Tawba
1198:Ethiopia
1135:Lubaynah
1010:Um Ruman
899:Abu Bakr
885:Bedouins
840:Al-Awwāh
782:al-Sahib
722:Abu Bakr
702:Abdullah
692:al-sahib
684:at-Tawba
625:and the
573:Sasanian
496:Born to
477:Muhammad
445:Abu Bakr
389:Religion
362:Umm Amir
330:Brothers
272:Muhammad
206:, Medina
121:Muhammad
44:Abu Bakr
5344:Quraysh
4770:16 June
4744:3478821
4176:22 June
4091:14:2632
3972:23 June
3946:22 June
3920:23 June
3562:22 June
2968:Shi'ite
2883:Khalifs
2779:Fatimah
2775:Twelver
2586:Mus'haf
2581:Mus'haf
2437:Khawlan
2421:Bahrayn
2391:Al-Ansi
2221:Quraysh
1749:History
1518:Hanbali
1513:Shafi'i
1492:schools
1438:Fasting
1433:Charity
1361:Beliefs
1177:Quraysh
1091:Slavery
981:Khadija
870:Quraysh
811:Al-Atqā
696:al-atqa
606:at the
520:to the
504:of the
460::
453:أبو بكر
424::
374:Quraysh
359:Qareeba
350:Sisters
342:Quhafah
97:of the
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5466:Uthman
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2277:Caliph
2253:Caliph
2195:Saqifa
2187:Saqifa
2177:Saqifa
2092:Hadith
1928:, and
1910:Marhab
1710:Medina
1685:Farahi
1561:Jariri
1554:Laythi
1547:Thawri
1540:Awza'i
1533:Zahiri
1525:Others
1508:Maliki
1503:Hanafi
1490:Sunni
1473:Uthman
1428:Prayer
1403:Sahaba
1388:Angels
1297:Medina
1280:, Abu
1247:Qur'an
1231:Medina
906:poetry
850:الأواه
846:Arabic
825:الأتقى
821:Arabic
817:hadith
796:Medina
776:Meccan
708:Arabic
680:Qur'an
614:, the
612:Medina
561:Saqifa
469:caliph
449:Arabic
413:Arabic
336:Mu'taq
320:Mother
310:Father
212:Spouse
199:Burial
189:Medina
162:Arabia
95:Caliph
5357:Died:
5350:Born:
5301:, in
5076:(PDF)
5069:(PDF)
3841:Bakr.
2916:Notes
2818:Quran
2783:Fadak
2773:Most
2675:henna
2618:ghusl
2600:Death
2590:Hafsa
2559:Quran
2523:ummah
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2213:Mecca
2166:3:144
2162:39:30
2158:Quran
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2002:Mecca
1983:Autas
1978:Abbas
1727:Lists
1705:Mecca
1621:(Ahl
1619:Sufis
1610:Ihsan
1278:Aisha
1273:sahib
1209:Aisha
1194:Mecca
1096:dinar
1018:dawah
977:Shi'a
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955:Yemen
934:hanif
929:Kaaba
925:idols
921:Kaaba
894:kunya
866:Mecca
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792:Hijra
768:hijra
764:Quran
740:Ateeq
734:Ateeq
728:kunya
716:Allah
589:Quran
518:dawah
514:Islam
441:kunya
393:Islam
370:Tribe
356:Fadra
339:Utaiq
290:Names
267:Aisha
244:Issue
158:Hejaz
154:Mecca
105:Reign
5534:Umar
5461:Umar
5269:ISBN
5249:ISBN
5229:ISBN
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5148:ISBN
5090:ISBN
5040:2021
4772:2010
4740:OCLC
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3394:ISBN
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3307:2018
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3213:2018
3183:link
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3116:2023
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1253:sura
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593:Umar
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575:and
500:and
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168:Died
143:Born
133:Umar
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