Health effects from noise - Knowledge (XXG)

474: 307:, reveals that in the UK one third (33%) of victims of domestic disturbances claim that loud parties have left them unable to sleep or made them stressed in the last two years. Around one in eleven (9%) of those affected by domestic disturbances claims it has left them continually disturbed and stressed. More than 1.8 million people claim noisy neighbours have made their life a misery and they cannot enjoy their own homes. The impact of noise on health is potentially a significant problem across the UK given that more than 17.5 million Britons (38%) have been disturbed by the inhabitants of neighbouring properties in the last two years. For almost one in ten (7%) Britons this is a regular occurrence. 135: 259:(ILO) located 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 534,688 participants (7.47% females) in 11 countries and in three WHO regions (the Americas, Europe, and the Western Pacific). The study found the low quality of evidence the effect of occupational exposure to intense noise (≥85 dBA), compared to occupational exposure below 85 dBA (<85 dBA). They concluded that there is an inadequate evidence of harmfulness for the studied outcomes with the exception for the risk of acquiring IHD, which was 29% higher for those exposed to noise in their workplace. 20: 473: 572:, while occupational safety organizations recommend that the maximum exposure to noise is 40 hours per week at 85 to 90 dB(A). For every additional 3 dB(A), the maximum exposure time is reduced by a factor 2, e.g. 20 hours per week at 88 dB(A). Sometimes, a factor of two per additional 5 dB(A) is used, however, these occupational regulations are acknowledged by the health literature as inadequate to protect against 108:. Chronic noise exposure has been associated with sleep disturbances and increased incidence of diabetes. Adverse cardiovascular effects occur from chronic exposure to noise due to the sympathetic nervous system's inability to habituate. The sympathetic nervous system maintains lighter stages of sleep when the body is exposed to noise, which does not allow blood pressure to follow the normal rise and fall cycle of an undisturbed 235:, with night-time exposure to noise possibly more harmful than day-time exposure. It has also been shown to increase blood pressure in individuals within the surrounding residential areas, with railways causing the greatest cardiovascular effects. Roadway noise levels are sufficient to constrict arterial blood flow and lead to 602:

instance, hearing loss could be attributed to a variety of factors including age, rather than solely due to excessive exposure to noise. A state or local government is able to regulate indoor residential noise, however, such as when excessive noise from within a home causes disturbances to nearby residences.

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have different regulations when it comes to the noise exposure levels in industrial workers. Currently there are no regulations related to the noise exposure for dogs even with such damaging effects related to their health. Health risks dogs are exposed to include ear damage and behavioral changes.

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These excessive noise levels are not only harming the dogs physical and psychological state, but the workers' and potential adoptive families' physical and psychological state as well. The workers' psychological state could affect the care provided to the dogs. These loud noise exposures also have

550:) does not significantly reduce the risk of hearing loss. For example, one study covered more than 19 thousand workers, some of whom usually used hearing protective devices, and some did not use them at all. There was no statistically significant difference in the risk of noise-induced hearing loss. 626:

The average noise exposure in a kennel is greater than 100 dB SPL. According to OSHA these levels would yield in the use of hearing protection for the workers of those kennels due to the risk of noise induced hearing loss. The anatomical structures of the human and dog ears are very similar,

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While people are often educated on the effects of noise exposure in humans, there are also different noise exposure effects in animals as well. An example of this would be in dogs, and the noise exposure levels occurring within kennels. Dogs experience this noise exposure whether it be a long stay

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Behavioral effects to excessive noise exposure include hiding, urinating, defecating, panting, pacing, drooling, disregard to commands, trembling, and barking. These behavioral patterns pose a much greater problem to canines than meets the eye. All of these behavioral patterns are characteristics

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When young children are regularly exposed to levels of noise that interfere with speech, they may develop speech or reading difficulties, because auditory processing functions are compromised. Children continue to develop their speech perception abilities until they reach their teens. Evidence has

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Sudden impulse noises are typically perceived as more bothersome than noise from traffic of equal volume. Annoyance effects of noise are minimally affected by demographics, but fear of the noise source and sensitivity to noise both strongly affect the 'annoyance' of a noise. Sound levels as low as

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reactions. Long-term exposure to noise is correlated to increase in cortisol and angiotensin-II levels which are respectively associated with oxidative stress and vascular inflammation. Individuals subject to great than 80 dB(A) in the workplace are at increased risk of having increased blood

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Noise-induced hearing loss is a permanent shift in pure-tone thresholds, resulting in sensorineural hearing loss. The severity of a threshold shift is dependent on duration and severity of noise exposure. Noise-induced threshold shifts are seen as a notch on an audiogram from 3000 to 6000 Hz,

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control in residences is not funded by the federal government in part because of the disagreements in establishing causal links between sounds and health risks, since the effect of noise is often psychological and also, because it leaves no singular tangible trace of damage on the human body. For

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Other factors that affect the annoyance level of sound include beliefs about noise prevention and the importance of the noise source, and annoyance at the cause (i.e., non-noise related factors) of the noise. Many of the interpretations of the level of annoyance and the relationship between noise

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Though the pathophysiology of tinnitus is not known, noise exposure can be a contributing factor, therefore tinnitus can be associated with hearing loss, generated by the cochlea and central nervous system (CNS). High frequency hearing loss causes a high pitched tinnitus and low frequency hearing

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Approximately 35% to 40% of office workers find noise levels from 55 to 60 dB(A) extremely irritating. The noise standard in Germany for mentally stressful tasks is set at 55 dB(A), however, if the noise source is continuous, the threshold level for tolerability among office workers is

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Psychological health effects from noise also include depression and anxiety. Individuals who have hearing loss, including noise induced hearing loss, may have their symptoms alleviated with the use of hearing aids. Individuals who do not seek treatment for their loss are 50% more likely to have

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is an auditory disorder characterized by the perception of a sound (ringing, chirping, buzzing, etc.) in the ear in the absence of an external sound source. There are two types of tinnitus: subjective and objective. Subjective is the most common and can only be heard "in the head" by the person

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To reduce the level of noise exposure poses a little more difficulty because the majority of the noise is coming from the dogs (barking), but structural changes can be made to the facilities in order to reduce the noise. Structural changes could include how many dogs are put in one area, more

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In a 2000 publication, a review of studies on birthweight and noise exposure note that while some older studies suggest that when women are exposed to >65 dB aircraft noise, a small decrease in birthweight occurs, in a more recent study of 200 Taiwanese women including noise dosimetry

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Causal relationships have been discovered between noise and psychological effects such as annoyance, psychiatric disorders, and effects on psychosocial well-being. Exposure to intense levels of noise can cause personality changes and violent reactions. Noise has also been shown to be a factor

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levels and resulting health symptoms could be influenced by the quality of interpersonal relationships at the workplace, as well as the stress level generated by the work itself. Evidence for impact on annoyance of long-term noise versus recent changes is uncertain.

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affected. Objective tinnitus can be heard from those around the affected person and the audiologist can hear it using a stethoscope. Tinnitus can also be categorized by the way it sounds in one's ear, pulsatile tinnitus which is caused by the vascular nature of

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attributed to violent reactions. The psychological impacts of noise also include an addiction to loud music. This was researched in a study where non-professional musicians were found to have loudness addictions more often than non-musician control subjects.

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Teixeira, Liliane R.; Pega, Frank; Dzhambov, Angel M.; Bortkiewicz, Alicja; da Silva, Denise T. Correa; de Andrade, Carlos A.F.; Gadzicka, Elzbieta; Hadkhale, Kishor; Iavicoli, Sergio; Martínez-Silveira, Martha S.; Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata (2021).

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has received more complaints per head of population than any other district in the UK with 9,814 grievances about noise, which equates to 42.32 complaints per thousand residents. Eight of the top 10 councils ranked by complaints per 1,000 residents were in

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that result in a longer stay at the kennels before being adopted. A longer stay at the shelter results in a longer duration of noise exposure and therefore more likely to show either a temporary or permanent threshold shift in the canine's hearing.

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In a study conducted by Cornell University in 1993, children exposed to noise in learning environments experienced trouble with word discrimination, as well as various cognitive developmental delays. In particular, the writing learning impairment

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High noise levels have also been known to damage the physical health of small children. Children from noisy residences often have a heart rate that is significantly higher (by 2 beats/min on average) than those of children from quieter homes.

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as well. Traumatic noise exposure can happen at work (e.g., loud machinery), at play (e.g., loud sporting events, concerts, recreational activities), and/or by accident (e.g., a backfiring engine.) Noise induced hearing loss is sometimes

536:, in which a signal that is 180-degrees out-of-phase of the noise is presented, which in theory cancels the noise. Canal caps are similar to earplugs in that they consists of soft tip that is inserted into the opening of the ear canal. 434:

measurements of individual noise exposure, the authors found no significant association between noise exposure and birth weight after adjusting for relevant confounders, e.g. social class, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, etc.

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According to Lester W. Sontag of The Fels Research Institute (as presented in the same EPA study): "There is ample evidence that environment has a role in shaping the physique, behavior, and function of animals, including man, from

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is capable of perceiving sounds and responding to them by motor activity and cardiac rate change." The effects of noise exposure are highest when it occurs between 15 and 60 days after conception, a period in which major internal

85:) occur naturally with age, in many countries the cumulative impact of noise is sufficient to impair the hearing of a large fraction of the population over the course of a lifetime. Noise exposure has been known to induce 1907:"The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury" 3926: 780:

Münzel, Thomas; Kröller-Schön, Swenja; Oelze, Matthias; Gori, Tommaso; Schmidt, Frank P.; Steven, Sebastian; Hahad, Omar; Röösli, Martin; Wunderli, Jean-Marc; Daiber, Andreas; Sørensen, Mette (2020).

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the potential to reduce the amount of time that potential adoptive families spend in the facility. This can result in less dogs being adopted and more time being exposed to excessive sound levels.

1715:"Residential road traffic noise and general mental health in youth: The role of noise annoyance, neighborhood restorative quality, physical activity, and social cohesion as potential mediators" 528:

through a combination of electronic and structural components. Electronic HPDs are available in both earmuff and custom earplug styles. Electronic microphones, circuitry, and receivers perform

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can be used to estimate the hearing threshold of dogs, and can be used to show either a temporary threshold shift or permanent threshold shift after being exposed to excessive sound levels.

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depression than their aided peers. These psychological effects can lead to detriments in physical care in the form of reduced self-care, work-tolerance, and increased isolation.

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Nicolas-Puel C, Faulconbridge RL, Guitton M, Puel JL, Mondain M, Uziel A (2002). "Characteristics of tinnitus and etiology of associated hearing loss: a study of 123 patients".

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Ntlhakana L, Kanji A and Khoza-Shangase K. (2015). "The use of hearing protection devices in South Africa: exploring the current status in a gold and a non-ferrous mine".

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Li, Ang; Martino, Erika; Mansour, Adelle; Bentley, Rebecca (2022). "Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study".

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More than a quarter of US residences have average outside noise levels exceeding the maximum nighttime outside noise level recommended by the World Health Organization.

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Berger, Elliott H.; Voix, Jérémie (2018). "Chapter 11: Hearing Protection Devices". In D.K. Meinke; E.H. Berger; R. Neitzel; D.P. Driscoll; K. Bright (eds.).

38:. Noise from traffic, in particular, is considered by the World Health Organization to be one of the worst environmental stressors for humans, second only to 2140:

Glad KA, Hafstad GS, Jensen TK, Dyb G (August 2017). "A longitudinal study of psychological distress and exposure to trauma reminders after terrorism".

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loss causes a roaring tinnitus. Noise-induced tinnitus can be temporary or permanent depending on the type and amount of noise a person was exposed to.

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Exposure to loud noises, either in a single traumatic experience or over time, can damage the auditory system and result in hearing loss and sometimes

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received 315,838 complaints about noise pollution from private residences. This resulted in environmental health officers across the UK serving 8,069

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A 2021 systematic review on the effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke and hypertension, coordinated by the

1426: 1018: 3725: 3374: 501:. Proper hygiene and care of HPDs may reduce chances of outer ear infections. There are many different types of HPDs available for use, including 3120:

Coppola CL, Enns RM, Grandin T (2006-01-01). "Noise in the animal shelter environment: building design and the effects of daily noise exposure".

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shown that when children learn in noisier classrooms, they have more difficulties understanding speech than those who learn in quieter settings.

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The extent of the problem of noise pollution for public health is reinforced by figures collated by Rockwool from local authority responses to a

3541: 1258: 1063: 2858: 2412: 2383: 2320: 2295: 1285: 1156: 493:. HPDs reduce (not eliminate) the level of the noise entering the ear. HPDs can also protect against other effects of noise exposure such as 3878: 363: 2718: 4086: 1626:

Lercher P, Hörtnagl J, Kofler WW (1993). "Work noise annoyance and blood pressure: combined effects with stressful working conditions".

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and other health effects. In an effort to prevent noise-induced hearing loss, many programs and initiative have been created, like the

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absorbing material rather than metal cages and cement walls and floors, and possibly in the future use of hearing protection devices (

520:. Earmuff HPDs typically consist of two ear cups and a head band. Earplug style hearing protection devices are designed to fit in the 430:

production. The difference between the hormone levels of pregnant mothers in noisy versus quiet areas increased as birth approached.

3617: 3531: 3189: 595:, which was published in 1975. For instance, the recommended noise level for indoor residences is less than or equal to 45 dB. 256: 267:

Traffic noise may also increase the risk of sleep disturbances, stroke, diabetes, and becoming overweight. Noise pollution is an

647:) for the dogs. All of these structural changes would also benefit the humans involved as well as the use of HPD's (ear plugs). 591:(EPA) has not set any restrictions on limits to the level of noise. Rather, it has provided a list of recommended levels in its 3975: 3872: 3720: 3571: 3249: 311: 119:

rates, aggression, and other anti-social behaviors. The most significant sources are vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to

2976: 1754:"Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases" 547: 510: 509:, electronic hearing protection devices, and semi-insert devices. One can measure the personal attenuation rating through a 749: 3405: 1955:

Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., THE LANCET, Volume 383, issue 9925(April, 2014), page 1325-1332.

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concern since it is often a risk factor for developing other diseases like tinnitus or impaired speech discrimination.

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Auditory stimuli can also serve as psychological triggers for individuals with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

1100:"Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations" 867:"Cardiovascular conditions, hearing difficulty, and occupational noise exposure within US industries and occupations" 1803:"High-frequency hearing loss, occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in male workers" 1674:"Association between transportation noise and blood pressure in adults living in multi-storey residential buildings" 4044: 3965: 490: 158: 86: 3461: 2022: 782:"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Traffic Noise with a Focus on Nighttime Noise and the New WHO Noise Guidelines" 4091: 4081: 3831: 2251:

Miedema HM, Vos H (1999). "Demographic and attitudinal factors that modify annoyance from transportation noise".

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Staples SL (February 1996). "Human response to environmental noise. Psychological research and public policy".

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Field JM (1993). "Effect of personal and situational variables upon noise annoyance in residential areas".

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and nutrition to the fetus. Low birth weights and noise were also associated with lower levels of certain

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Klompmaker JO, Janssen NA, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, et al. (August 2019).

1579:"Aircraft noise around a large international airport and its impact on general health and medication use" 4023: 3857: 3702: 3546: 1714: 221: 123:, and industrial noise. Prolonged exposure to noise at home has been linked to decreased mental health. 3997: 3766: 3283: 3212: 3074: 2348: 2260: 1995: 667: 533: 529: 418:

Later developmental effects occur as vasoconstriction in the mother reduces blood flow and therefore

395: 268: 35: 2093:"Environmental noise pollution in the United States: developing an effective public health response" 4066: 3526: 3521: 3339: 3242: 2070: 1349: 1074: 723: 581: 176:

and typically causes patients to lose hearing around the frequency of the triggering sound trauma.

47: 1854:"Effects of occupational noise exposure on 24-hour ambulatory vascular properties in male workers" 4127: 4013: 3582: 3472: 3183:

International Journal devoted to research on all aspects of noise and its effects on human health

3175: 3155: 2723:(6th ed.). Falls Church, Virginia: American Industrial Hygiene Association. pp. 255–308 2644: 2477: 2165: 1651: 1380: 1303: 1221: 982:

Rosenhall U, Pedersen K, Svanborg A (August 1990). "Presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss".

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Baumgaertner, Emily; Kao, Jason; Lutz, Eleanor; Sedgwick, Josephine; et al. (June 9, 2023).

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so it is thought that these levels will negatively impact the hearing of canines in kennels. The

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definition of less than 2,500 grams (88 oz)) and high sound levels, and also high rates of

3796: 3791: 3587: 3411: 3308: 3293: 3273: 3147: 3102: 3024: 2957: 2922: 2854: 2781: 2763: 2697: 2636: 2628: 2589: 2526: 2408: 2379: 2316: 2291: 2157: 2122: 2052: 2023:"Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians" 1938: 1883: 1834: 1783: 1734: 1695: 1643: 1608: 1559: 1528: 1479: 1438: 1407: 1372: 1291: 1281: 1239: 1213: 1152: 1129: 999: 964: 896: 847: 803: 517: 426:

in the mother. These hormones are thought to affect fetal growth and to be good indicators of

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authored a pamphlet in 1978 that suggested a correlation between low-birthweight (using the

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Evans GW, Lepore SJ (1993). "Nonauditory Effects of Noise on Children: A Critical Review".

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The handbook of hearing and the effects of noise: physiology, psychology, and public health

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There are approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise in the European Union.

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Kerns, Ellen; Masterson, Elizabeth A.; Themann, Christa L.; Calvert, Geoffrey M. (2018).

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in places where expectant mothers are exposed to elevated sound levels, such as typical

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40 dB(A) can generate noise complaints and the lower threshold for noise producing

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Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (February 2011).

1225: 995: 728: 693: 688: 584:, which recognizes organizations with successful hearing loss prevention strategies. 580:

program, which encourages employers to purchase quieter tools and equipment, and the

300: 116: 71: 39: 3159: 2169: 1655: 1384: 1178:. Natural Resources and the Environment 2006. 2006. pp. 188–189. Archived from 516:

Earmuff style hearing protection devices are designed to fit over the outer ear, or

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Hearing Conservation: In Occupational, Recreational, Educational, and Home Settings

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notices, or citations under the terms of the Anti-Social Behaviour (Scotland) Act.

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Stress from time spent around elevated noise levels has been linked with increased

94: 75: 55: 2570:"Urban road-traffic noise and blood pressure and heart rate in preschool children" 3204: 3087: 2874: 2585: 1923: 1730: 1690: 1673: 1323: 1209: 192:

and non-pulsatile tinnitus which usually sounds like crickets, the sea and bees.

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Münzel T, Schmidt FP, Steven S, Herzog J, Daiber A, Sørensen M (February 2018).

569: 498: 217: 150: 139: 82: 2953: 2624: 842: 825: 3478: 3467: 3451: 3446: 3278: 2038: 718: 677: 672: 448: 240: 143: 120: 2767: 2632: 2439:, Office of Noise Abatement and Control, Washington, D.C. 20460, August, 1978 2237: 1965: 1474: 1457: 1295: 3771: 2568:

Belojevic G, Jakovljevic B, Stojanov V, Paunovic K, Ilic J (February 2008).

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Rawool VW (2011). "Chapter 6: Hearing Protection and Enhancement Devices".

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Traffic noise has several negative effects, including increased risk for

225: 184: 168: 90: 2908: 2743: 2481: 2108: 1458:"Noise and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature 2008-2011" 134: 3836: 2759: 2153: 1639: 1115: 950: 882: 525: 506: 427: 423: 379: 375: 304: 3142: 1869: 3456: 2376:

Mental health and the built environment: more than bricks and mortar?

2360: 2272: 2007: 419: 330: 314:(FOI) request. This research reveals in the period April 2008 – 2009 212:, as it causes an increase in levels of stress hormones and vascular 31: 1769: 1548:"Stress Hormone Changes in Persons exposed to Simulated Night Noise" 1982:

Elizondo-Garza FJ (1999). "Noise problems, savage approaches. From

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Groenewold M.R.; Masterson E.A.; Themann C.L.; Davis R.R. (2014).

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Chang TY, Liu CS, Huang KH, Chen RY, Lai JS, Bao BY (April 2011).

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Franssen EA, van Wiechen CM, Nagelkerke NJ, Lebret E (May 2004).

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Katz J, Chasin M, English KM, Hood LJ, Tillery KL (2014-09-19).

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at an animal shelter, or a weekend stay at a boarding facility.

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Dzhambov A, Tilov B, Markevych I, Dimitrova D (December 2017).

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International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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With regard to indoor noise pollution in residences, the U.S.

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Lee PJ, Park SH, Jeong JH, Choung T, Kim KY (November 2019).

3063:"In-kennel behavior predicts length of stay in shelter dogs" 2825:"Safe-in-Sound: Excellence in Hearing Loss Prevention Award" 2807:"CDC - Buy Quiet - NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topics" 2142:

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Chang TY, Su TC, Lin SY, Jain RM, Chan CC (November 2007).

1259:"Sonic doom: how noise pollution kills thousands each year" 865:

Kerns E, Masterson EA, Themann CL, Calvert GM (June 2018).

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device worn in or over the ears while exposed to hazardous

2875:"EPA Identifies Noise Levels Affecting Health and Welfare" 568:

usually specify a maximum outdoor noise level of 60 to 65

546:. But the HPD (without individual selection, training and 3187:

World Health Organization: Guidelines for Community Noise

1427:"Noise-Induced Endocrine Effects and Cardiovascular Risk" 3198: 3061:

Protopopova A, Mehrkam LR, Boggess MM, Wynne CD (2014).

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consequences of regular exposure to consistent elevated

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Health consequences of exposure to elevated sound levels

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International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise

2609:"The efficacy of earplugs at a major hazard facility" 2091:

Hammer MS, Swinburn TK, Neitzel RL (February 2014).

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environments. Specific birth abnormalities included

4059: 4037: 4006: 3943: 3845: 3814: 3805: 3759: 3596: 3512: 3398: 3322: 3266: 826:"Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System" 2400: 2238:"Hypertension and exposure to noise near airports" 2996: 2994: 750:"Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life Here's How" 2607:Kah Heng Lee; Geza Benke; Dean Mckenzie (2022). 1988:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 925:Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF (March 2000). 2977:"Beverly considers rules to quiet loud parties" 2886: 2884: 2893:"Noise that annoys: regulating unwanted sound" 2403:Encyclopedia of occupational health and safety 2183: 2181: 2179: 920: 918: 916: 914: 912: 910: 3938:of food, drink, and use of natural substances 3920: 3243: 2613:Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine 1350:"Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients" 830:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 220:or greater at night may increase the risk of 78:have been also attributed to noise exposure. 8: 2449:Nelson PB (1959). "Sound in the Classroom". 2341:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2334: 2332: 2253:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 239:. Vasoconstriction can result from elevated 3003:"Effect of kennel noise on hearing in dogs" 2215:"London is home to the noisiest neighbours" 3927: 3913: 3905: 3811: 3250: 3236: 3228: 2853:. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences. 1308:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 1053:, S. Rep. No. 1160, 92nd Cong. 2nd session 451:is commonly associated with environmental 3141: 3122:Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 3096: 3086: 3018: 2916: 2775: 2520: 2116: 2046: 1932: 1922: 1877: 1828: 1818: 1777: 1689: 1602: 1522: 1473: 1123: 1019:"Aging nation faces growing hearing loss" 958: 890: 841: 797: 685:, an audio device to discourage loitering 204:Noise has been associated with important 2744:"Do hearing protectors protect hearing?" 2190:"How Noisy Neighbours Millions of Lives" 799:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-081519-062400 775: 773: 771: 769: 767: 481:A hearing protection device (HPD) is an 3726:Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio 3007:American Journal of Veterinary Research 2748:American Journal of Industrial Medicine 2428: 2426: 2424: 2290:. New York: Thieme Medical Publishers. 1583:Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1198:American Journal of Preventive Medicine 1104:American Journal of Industrial Medicine 871:American Journal of Industrial Medicine 740: 593:Model Community Noise Control Ordinance 3542:Equivalent pulse code modulation noise 2687: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2679: 1301: 2407:. International Labour Organization. 1899: 1897: 1667: 1665: 1425:Ising H, Babisch W, Kruppa B (1999). 81:Although age-related health effects ( 7: 3665:(energy per symbol to noise density) 3223:Occupational Hearing Loss Prevention 2235:Miedema and Oudshoorn 2001 cited in 2073:. American Psychological Association 1499:"Hearing loss and incident dementia" 1064:"Noise: Health Effects and Controls" 819: 817: 364:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2754:(9). Wiley Periodicals: 1001–1010. 2670:Occupational Health Southern Africa 2313:Fundamentals of noise and vibration 30:are the physical and psychological 3736:Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio 1400:The International Tinnitus Journal 1280:(Seventh ed.). Philadelphia. 1071:University of California, Berkeley 927:"Noise exposure and public health" 760:from the original on June 9, 2023. 14: 3650:(energy per bit to noise density) 3618:Carrier-to-receiver noise density 3532:Effective input noise temperature 2897:Environmental Health Perspectives 2501:Environmental Health Perspectives 2097:Environmental Health Perspectives 1858:Environmental Health Perspectives 1758:Environmental Health Perspectives 1049:Noise Pollution and Abatement Act 931:Environmental Health Perspectives 257:International Labour Organization 3261:(physics and telecommunications) 2849:Williams LK, Langley RL (2000). 1456:Davies H, Kamp IV (2012-11-01). 1265:– via www.theguardian.com. 996:10.1097/00003446-199008000-00002 164:but most often at 4000 Hz. 4050:Natural phenols and polyphenols 3873:Block-matching and 3D filtering 3721:Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging) 3572:Noise, vibration, and harshness 2437:Environmental Protection Agency 1046:Senate Public Works Committee, 589:Environmental Protection Agency 1278:Handbook of clinical audiology 786:Annual Review of Public Health 511:hearing protection fit-testing 303:manufacturer headquartered in 275:Psychological impacts of noise 208:health problems, particularly 1: 3406:Additive white Gaussian noise 3176:Acoustical Society of America 2975:Leighton P (April 14, 2009). 2188:Clout, Laura (9 April 2009). 1328:American Tinnitus Association 263:Other physical health effects 3782:Interference (communication) 3689:Signal-to-interference ratio 3679:Signal, noise and distortion 3088:10.1371/journal.pone.0114319 2851:Environmental Health Secrets 2696:. Thieme. pp. 136–173. 2586:10.1016/j.envint.2007.08.003 1971:. World Health Organization. 1924:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387 1731:10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.009 1691:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105101 1210:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020 3537:Equivalent noise resistance 3134:10.1207/s15327604jaws0901_1 2891:Schmidt CW (January 2005). 2315:. London: E & FN Spon. 1515:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362 1244:European Environment Agency 346:is 45 dB(A) or lower. 4144: 3218:NIOSH Buy Quiet Topic Page 2954:10.1037/0003-066X.51.2.143 2625:10.1007/s13246-021-01087-y 2311:Walker JR, Fahy F (1998). 1151:. Boston: Academic Press. 843:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.015 557: 491:noise-induced hearing loss 466: 358:Child physical development 354:lower than 55 dB(A). 312:Freedom of Information Act 216:. Noise levels of 50 159:Noise-induced hearing loss 156: 130:Noise induced hearing loss 87:noise-induced hearing loss 4113:Health effects by subject 3832:Total variation denoising 2942:The American Psychologist 2619:(1). Springler: 107–114. 2574:Environment International 2495:Wakefield J (June 2002). 2039:10.4081/audiores.2012.e11 1911:Environment International 1719:Environment International 1678:Environment International 714:Occupational hearing loss 469:Hearing protection device 368:World Health Organization 295:Research commissioned by 253:World Health Organization 224:by chronically elevating 2378:. Taylor & Francis. 1475:10.4103/1463-1741.104895 1257:Godwin R (3 July 2018). 1017:Schmid RE (2007-02-18). 326:Westminster City Council 3746:Contrast-to-noise ratio 3042:"Noise Phobia in Dog". 2470:Children's Environments 2433:Noise: A Health Problem 2288:Essentials of Audiology 1986:to physical violence". 1820:10.1186/1476-069X-10-35 1595:10.1136/oem.2002.005488 237:elevated blood pressure 233:coronary artery disease 3669:Modulation error ratio 3604:Carrier-to-noise ratio 3567:Noise spectral density 1240:"Noise in Europe 2014" 943:10.1289/ehp.00108s1123 530:active noise reduction 478: 413:central nervous system 200:Cardiovascular effects 154: 60:ischemic heart disease 24: 3884:Denoising autoencoder 3858:Anisotropic diffusion 3703:Signal-to-noise ratio 3547:Impulse noise (audio) 3462:Johnson–Nyquist noise 3350:Government regulation 3020:10.2460/ajvr.73.4.482 1503:Archives of Neurology 1369:10.1007/s004150050193 1185:on November 14, 2011. 476: 438:Cognitive development 386:, and defects in the 222:myocardial infarction 137: 22: 3998:Ultra-processed food 3767:List of noise topics 3205:How Sound Affects Us 2513:10.1289/ehp.110-a298 2399:Stellman JM (1998). 2219:The Evening Standard 2148:(Suppl 1): 145–152. 1966:"Children and Noise" 1807:Environmental Health 1357:Journal of Neurology 668:Environmental health 542:requires the use of 398:and not merely from 269:environmental health 28:Noise health effects 4052:(including tannins) 3527:Circuit noise level 3522:Channel noise level 3079:2014PLoSO...9k4319P 2909:10.1289/ehp.113-a42 2353:1993ASAJ...93.2753F 2286:Gelfand SA (2001). 2265:1999ASAJ..105.3336M 2109:10.1289/ehp.1307272 2000:1999ASAJ..105..942E 937:(Suppl 1): 123–31. 724:Safe-In-Sound Award 614:Organizations like 582:Safe-In-Sound Award 299:, a multi-national 48:environmental noise 4077:Pesticide exposure 3583:Pseudorandom noise 3473:Quantization error 3284:Noise cancellation 3192:2018-07-12 at the 2760:10.1002/ajim.22323 2374:Halpern D (1995). 2154:10.1037/tra0000224 2027:Audiology Research 1640:10.1007/BF00586054 1552:Noise & Health 1546:Maschke C (2003). 1462:Noise & Health 1431:Noise & Health 1147:Kryter KD (1994). 1116:10.1002/ajim.22833 883:10.1002/ajim.22833 754:The New York Times 544:hearing protection 479: 455:in the classroom. 243:levels or through 155: 117:workplace accident 52:hearing impairment 25: 4100: 4099: 3902: 3901: 3898: 3897: 3837:Wavelet denoising 3797:Thermal radiation 3792:Spectrum analyzer 3588:Statistical noise 3412:Atmospheric noise 3309:Noise temperature 3294:Noise measurement 3274:Acoustic quieting 2987:on July 16, 2012. 2860:978-1-56053-408-2 2545:"Dysgraphiastaff" 2414:978-92-2-109203-2 2385:978-0-7484-0235-9 2322:978-0-419-22700-7 2297:978-1-58890-017-3 1870:10.1289/ehp.10346 1287:978-1-4511-9163-9 1158:978-0-12-427455-6 566:noise regulations 344:sleep disturbance 70:. Changes in the 68:sleep disturbance 4135: 4082:Sawdust exposure 3929: 3922: 3915: 3906: 3890:Deep Image Prior 3879:Shrinkage Fields 3863:Bilateral filter 3812: 3417:Background noise 3314:Phase distortion 3252: 3245: 3238: 3229: 3181:Noise and Health 3164: 3163: 3145: 3117: 3111: 3110: 3100: 3090: 3058: 3052: 3051: 3044:Veterinary World 3039: 3033: 3032: 3022: 2998: 2989: 2988: 2983:. Archived from 2972: 2966: 2965: 2937: 2931: 2930: 2920: 2888: 2879: 2878: 2877:. April 2, 1972. 2871: 2865: 2864: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2821: 2815: 2814: 2803: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2779: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2720:The Noise Manual 2714: 2708: 2707: 2689: 2674: 2673: 2665: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2655: 2604: 2598: 2597: 2565: 2559: 2558: 2556: 2555: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2524: 2492: 2486: 2485: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2446: 2440: 2430: 2419: 2418: 2406: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2361:10.1121/1.405851 2336: 2327: 2326: 2308: 2302: 2301: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2273:10.1121/1.424662 2248: 2242: 2241: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2221:. Archived from 2211: 2205: 2204: 2202: 2200: 2185: 2174: 2173: 2137: 2131: 2130: 2120: 2088: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2078: 2067: 2061: 2060: 2050: 2018: 2012: 2011: 2008:10.1121/1.425711 1979: 1973: 1972: 1970: 1962: 1956: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1936: 1926: 1901: 1892: 1891: 1881: 1849: 1843: 1842: 1832: 1822: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1781: 1749: 1743: 1742: 1710: 1704: 1703: 1693: 1669: 1660: 1659: 1623: 1617: 1616: 1606: 1574: 1568: 1567: 1543: 1537: 1536: 1526: 1494: 1488: 1487: 1477: 1453: 1447: 1446: 1422: 1416: 1415: 1395: 1389: 1388: 1354: 1345: 1339: 1338: 1336: 1335: 1320: 1314: 1313: 1307: 1299: 1273: 1267: 1266: 1254: 1248: 1247: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1193: 1187: 1186: 1184: 1177: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1144: 1138: 1137: 1127: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1086: 1085: 1079: 1073:. Archived from 1068: 1060: 1054: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1035: 1034: 1025:. Archived from 1014: 1008: 1007: 979: 973: 972: 962: 922: 905: 904: 894: 862: 856: 855: 845: 821: 812: 811: 801: 777: 762: 761: 745: 709:Nuisance barking 699:Noise mitigation 560:Noise regulation 534:noise-cancelling 532:, also known as 489:to help prevent 214:oxidative stress 110:circadian rhythm 99:vasoconstriction 4143: 4142: 4138: 4137: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4132: 4118:Noise pollution 4103: 4102: 4101: 4096: 4072:Noise pollution 4055: 4033: 4002: 3939: 3933: 3903: 3894: 3868:Non-local means 3841: 3822:Low-pass filter 3807: 3801: 3787:Noise generator 3777:Colors of noise 3755: 3662: 3658: 3647: 3643: 3592: 3514: 3508: 3488:Coherent noise 3464:(thermal noise) 3394: 3318: 3304:Noise reduction 3262: 3256: 3213:Julian Treasure 3194:Wayback Machine 3172: 3167: 3119: 3118: 3114: 3073:(12): e114319. 3060: 3059: 3055: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3000: 2999: 2992: 2974: 2973: 2969: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2890: 2889: 2882: 2873: 2872: 2868: 2861: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2833: 2831: 2823: 2822: 2818: 2805: 2804: 2800: 2790: 2788: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2726: 2724: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2704: 2691: 2690: 2677: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2653: 2651: 2606: 2605: 2601: 2567: 2566: 2562: 2553: 2551: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2507:(6): A298-305. 2494: 2493: 2489: 2467: 2466: 2462: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2431: 2422: 2415: 2398: 2397: 2393: 2386: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2338: 2337: 2330: 2323: 2310: 2309: 2305: 2298: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2250: 2249: 2245: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2213: 2212: 2208: 2198: 2196: 2187: 2186: 2177: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2090: 2089: 2085: 2076: 2074: 2069: 2068: 2064: 2020: 2019: 2015: 1984:just forget it, 1981: 1980: 1976: 1968: 1964: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1950: 1903: 1902: 1895: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1770:10.1289/EHP3857 1751: 1750: 1746: 1712: 1711: 1707: 1671: 1670: 1663: 1625: 1624: 1620: 1576: 1575: 1571: 1545: 1544: 1540: 1496: 1495: 1491: 1455: 1454: 1450: 1424: 1423: 1419: 1397: 1396: 1392: 1352: 1347: 1346: 1342: 1333: 1331: 1322: 1321: 1317: 1300: 1288: 1275: 1274: 1270: 1256: 1255: 1251: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1182: 1175: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1159: 1146: 1145: 1141: 1097: 1096: 1092: 1083: 1081: 1077: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1057: 1045: 1041: 1032: 1030: 1016: 1015: 1011: 984:Ear and Hearing 981: 980: 976: 924: 923: 908: 864: 863: 859: 823: 822: 815: 779: 778: 765: 747: 746: 742: 738: 733: 704:Noise pollution 653: 608: 606:Effects on dogs 599:Noise pollution 562: 556: 477:HPD fit testing 471: 465: 440: 360: 339: 320:noise abatement 293: 277: 265: 202: 182: 161: 132: 106:adverse effects 17: 12: 11: 5: 4141: 4139: 4131: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4105: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4056: 4054: 4053: 4047: 4041: 4039: 4038:Phytochemicals 4035: 4034: 4032: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4010: 4008: 4004: 4003: 4001: 4000: 3995: 3994: 3993: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3947: 3945: 3941: 3940: 3936:Health effects 3934: 3932: 3931: 3924: 3917: 3909: 3900: 3899: 3896: 3895: 3893: 3892: 3887: 3881: 3876: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3849: 3847: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3818: 3816: 3809: 3803: 3802: 3800: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3763: 3761: 3760:Related topics 3757: 3756: 3754: 3753: 3743: 3733: 3723: 3718: 3700: 3686: 3676: 3666: 3660: 3656: 3651: 3645: 3641: 3636: 3629: 3615: 3600: 3598: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3518: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3504: 3499: 3497:Gradient noise 3494: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3470: 3465: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3442:Gaussian noise 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3422:Brownian noise 3419: 3414: 3409: 3402: 3400: 3399:Class of noise 3396: 3395: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3385:Transportation 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3326: 3324: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3270: 3268: 3264: 3263: 3257: 3255: 3254: 3247: 3240: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3202: 3196: 3184: 3178: 3171: 3170:External links 3168: 3166: 3165: 3112: 3053: 3034: 2990: 2981:The Salem News 2967: 2932: 2880: 2866: 2859: 2841: 2816: 2798: 2734: 2709: 2703:978-1604062571 2702: 2675: 2660: 2599: 2560: 2536: 2487: 2460: 2451:ASHRAE Journal 2441: 2435:United States 2420: 2413: 2391: 2384: 2366: 2347:(5): 2753–63. 2328: 2321: 2303: 2296: 2278: 2259:(6): 3336–44. 2243: 2228: 2225:on 2013-01-14. 2206: 2175: 2132: 2083: 2062: 2013: 1974: 1957: 1948: 1893: 1864:(11): 1660–4. 1844: 1793: 1744: 1705: 1661: 1618: 1569: 1538: 1489: 1468:(61): 287–91. 1448: 1417: 1390: 1340: 1315: 1286: 1268: 1249: 1231: 1204:(2): e39–e48. 1188: 1164: 1157: 1139: 1110:(6): 477–491. 1090: 1055: 1039: 1009: 974: 906: 877:(6): 477–491. 857: 836:(6): 688–697. 813: 763: 739: 737: 734: 732: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 658:Aircraft noise 654: 652: 649: 607: 604: 564:Environmental 558:Main article: 555: 552: 483:ear protection 467:Main article: 464: 461: 439: 436: 359: 356: 338: 335: 292: 289: 276: 273: 264: 261: 255:(WHO) and the 245:medical stress 206:cardiovascular 201: 198: 181: 178: 157:Main article: 142:conducting an 131: 128: 103:cardiovascular 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4140: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4058: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4040: 4036: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3976:Saturated fat 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3942: 3937: 3930: 3925: 3923: 3918: 3916: 3911: 3910: 3907: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3853:Gaussian blur 3851: 3850: 3848: 3844: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3827:Median filter 3825: 3823: 3820: 3819: 3817: 3813: 3810: 3804: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3758: 3751: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3670: 3667: 3664: 3663: 3652: 3649: 3648: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3595: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3562:Noise shaping 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3511: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475:(or q. noise) 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3437:Flicker noise 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3380:Sound masking 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3321: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3290: 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