203:
financed entitlement to health care coverage to the entire population. The nature of the program is noncontributory, in the sense that
Georgians do not have to contribute for enrollment. Enrollment involves registering with the primary care provider of choice. The benefits package covers a range of primary and secondary care services and limited essential drugs. Administratively, the reform transferred responsibility for purchasing health care services from private insurance companies to the SSA under MoLHSA, thus putting in place a platform to shift from passive to active purchasing . The health financing reforms introduced since 2013, and backed up by significant increases in public health spending, have moved Georgia closer to European norms. These include: (i) near universal population entitlement to publicly financed health care; (ii) free visits to family doctors; (iii) referral and prescribing systems; (iv) a single purchasing agency; and (v) higher public spending on health. Sustaining the coverage achieved to date and deepening coverage through better financial protection against OOP costs are the policy priorities for the Government of Georgia. Total health spending in Georgia–at 8.5 percent of GDP in 2015 is much higher than the average for upper-middle-income countries (7.0 percent) and approaching the EU average (10 percent). From 2012 to 2015, the health budget more than doubled, increasing from 5.3 percent to 8.6 percent of total government spending, and as a percentage of GDP from 1.7 percent to 2.9 percent. In this respect, Georgia is experiencing a steep increase in its health sector spending, which is consistent with other middle-income countries’ experience at the time of UHC introduction. Public spending on health in Georgia is mainly drawn from general tax revenues and allocated to the UHC Program and vertical programs, all of which are administered by the SSA. Despite rising public spending on health, OOP remains the dominant source of financing for health in Georgia, filling the void of health spending that is not covered through public sources. OOP spending in Georgia is decreased and estimated to be 57 percent of all health spending (73% in 2012).
151:
surveillance, immunization, laboratory work, research, providing expert advice, and responding to public health emergencies. SRAMA formally responsible for issuing and control the licenses and permits for health care facilities, regulating medical professionals and pharmaceuticals. ESC&UAC Ensures/coordinates quality emergency medical and referral assistance for improving the state of health of the population during the disaster and martial law situation. ESC&UAC is functioning in all municipalities of the country except in the capital city. By this time 85 medical branches are included. Following extensive privatization and decentralization, most providers in primary and secondary level are private for-profit entities in terms of ownership, governance and management. Many of them are vertically integrated with private health insurance providers and pharmaceutical companies. The development of professional medical associations in
Georgia is still at an early stage although there are many of them in existence. Since 2005, the major activity of professional associations has been supporting the MoLHSA in its endeavor to elaborate national clinical practice guidelines and protocols.
147:
principles and values recognized at international and national levels
Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs (MoLHSA) is formally accountable for the health of the population, oversight of the health system, the quality of health services and equity in relation to access to health care throughout the country There are Legal entities under state control of the Ministry: LEPL “Social Service Agency” (SSA), LEPL “National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health” (NCDC), LEPL "State Regulation Agency for Medical Activities (SRAMA) and LEPL Emergency Situations Coordination and Urgent Assistance Center (ESC&UAC). Administration and management of the Health and Social care State Programs including UHC is providing by SSA, which is subordinated institution under the MoLHSA. SSA's territorial offices are located at 68 municipalities and more than 2000 are employed in them
65:. In 2003, the social insurance tax was replaced by social tax, which was accumulated in the state budget and from 2007 the GoG decided to delegate management of state allocations for health insurance for targeted groups of population (the poor, teachers, law enforcement officers and military personnel (or about 40% of the population), to the private insurance companies, which have become the health service purchaser for the mentioned population groups. This meant that a portion of the population could not access health insurance. The state retained control over a few medical facilities dealing with mental illness and infectious diseases, while all other hospitals and clinics were privatized.
132:
221:
population was 345.1 (2014 - 313.3), with an occupancy rate of occupancy rate 193.1 (2014 - 188.3), ALOS of 5.3 (2014 - 5.2), and a turnover rate of 36.4 (2014 - 36.3). Following the introduction of the universal health care program, a rapid growth of the admissions was observed in both outpatient and inpatient institutions. Compared to 2012, the hospital service provision for 100,000 population increased by 50%. In 2015 the numbers of encounters of the population with outpatient facilities grows to 4.0 per 1 person (2.1 in 2012)
499:
and expansion of coverage. In the publication of
European Health Report 2015 of World Health Organization's European Bureau, Universal Health Care Program in Georgia has been recognized as the successful project. From May 2017 to further reform of the program, it was expedient to elaborate new criteria for differentiation of beneficiaries. The basic object of reform is to provide services more oriented on need and to develop the approach -"social equity". The services package is connected to the income of the population.
58:. Till 1995 health care system in Georgia was based on Soviet Semashko model. The first dramatic change was implemented in 1995, when the budget transfers were complemented with additional sources of the financing: the mandatory health insurance contributions (employer and the employee mandatory contribution - 3% and 1% respectively), funds allocated for Healthcare from the territorial budgets, official co-payment for medical services, which could not be financed by the state programs.
90:
2002:
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which have become the health service purchaser for the mentioned population groups. Therefore, if till 2007 administration of personal health service purchases was carried out by the single payer state agency, from 2007 health care services are partially purchased by private insurance companies, which provided administration of more than half of state resources allocated for state health care programs by 2012
527:
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funds coming from
Municipal Health Funds and preventative activities provided by the Ministry of Labor, Health, and Social Affairs . In 2003, after the "Rose Revolution" the social insurance tax was replaced by social tax, which was accumulated in the state budget (social tax has been abolished since 2008). Since 2005, state health programs are financed under the budget assignations only.
39:
regards to the right to health amongst the adult population, the country achieves only 86.8% of what is expected based on the nation's level of income. Georgia falls into the "very bad" category when evaluating the right to reproductive health because the nation is fulfilling only 44.0% of what the nation is expected to achieve based on the resources (income) it has available.
396:
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In the end of 2014 By
Government of Georgia was approved Georgian Healthcare System State Concept 2014-2020 “Universal Healthcare and Quality Management for Protection of Patient Rights”, which is a vision of healthcare system development that comprises basics of the sector development in relation to
38:
The Human Rights
Measurement Initiative finds that Georgia is fulfilling 76.3% of what it should be fulfilling for the right to health based on its level of income. When looking at the right to health with respect to children, Georgia achieves 98.1% of what is expected based on its current income. In
506:
On April 21, 2015, Memorandum of
Understanding was signed between the company "Gilead" and the Government of Georgia, which laid foundation for the elimination of hepatitis C in Georgia. The services are provided for persons with hepatitis C certifying citizenship of Georgia and persons with neutral
494:
Since 2013, the
Universal health Care program has been launched, which was commencement of universal access to medical services funded by state for all citizens of Georgia. The Universal health Care program covers the planned outpatient, urgent outpatient-in-patient and planned surgical services, as
211:
There is an extremely high number of doctors per capita in
Georgia compared with other European countries, and it had 573.3 physicians per every 100,000 people in 2015. Number of nurses per 100000 population since 1998 is going down and is much less, than in countries mentioned above (419 per 100000
194:
Georgia entered the 1990s with a wholly tax-funded healthcare system, but reforms in 1995 replaced this system with a social insurance model run through the State Medical Insurance Company Under the social insurance model, basic healthcare was paid for by the state insurance company, with additional
150:
The NCDC is a legal entity of Public Law accountable to the MoLHSA with a dedicated line in the State budget. The NCDC provides national leadership in preventing and controlling communicable and non-communicable diseases through developing national standards and guidelines, health promotion, disease
108:
In 2016 the total fertility rate is 2.24 children per woman. Live birth rate is 15.2 per 1000, and mortality rate is 13.7 per 1000. In 2016 infant mortality rate was 9.0 per 1000 live births, and the under-5 mortality rate was 10.7. By 2030, the Maternal mortality rate is expected to drop to 12, and
502:
From July 1, 2017, for people with chronic illnesses who are registered in the unified database of "socially unprotected families" and their rating score is not exceeding 100 000, have been enacted state program for providing medicines for chronic diseases. The program envisages providing patients
498:
The research carried out by the World Bank, the World Health Organization and the US Agency for International Development revealed the main achievements of the Universal health Care Program: increased access to medical services, increased use of medical services, and reduction of financial barriers
202:
In February 2013, the Government of Georgia launched the UHC Program, which marked a significant shift in how health care is financed and health services are purchased in Georgia, as well as the culmination of nearly two decades of health system reforms in Georgia. The UHC Program extended publicly
514:
The initiative of starting the perinatal care regionalization process from May 2015 is a significant step forward in strengthening the maternal and newborn health care system, which considers defining the levels of perinatal service providers and their role and responsibilities in order to provide
198:
2007 can be considered as the new phase of the Reform, as the government of Georgia decided to delegate management of state allocations for health insurance for targeted groups of population (the poor, teachers, law enforcement officers and military personnel), to the private insurance companies,
117:
In Georgia, as with most countries, mortality burden is mostly due to non-communicable diseases. The major causes of death are diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, diseases of respiratory system and accidents and injuries. The leading position in the structure of morbidity is associated
510:
Increased government funding for maternal and child health and ease of access to the high quality health care services played an important role in the reduction of the number of deaths of mothers and children. Georgia has been able to reach the Millennium Development Goal No.4, since in 2015 the
34:
system under which the state funds medical treatment in a mainly privatized system of medical facilities. In 2013, the enactment of a universal health care program triggered universal coverage of government-sponsored medical care of the population and improving access to health care services.
220:
The number of hospitals was large during the Soviet era. In 1999, there were 246 hospitals in Georgia (or 287 specialized, including specialized institutes) provided 22,491 hospital beds. By 2015, there were 12,830 hospital beds (2014 - 11,675) in the country. The number of beds per 100,000
995:
109:
the under-5 mortality rate is expected to drop to 6.0. Maternal mortality is 23.0 per 100,000 live births in 2016. While still high in international comparison, maternal and infant mortality rates have been steadily decreasing.
139:
The health care system in Georgia is highly decentralized and was extensively privatized from 2007 to 2012. Regulations are also very liberal and MoLHSA is now working to ensure the quality of care provided is adequate.
463:
2007 - State Hospital Development Master Plan, envisioning a complete change of course in hospital sector based on privatization approved by the Government; Almost of hospitals sold to the private sector
68:
Implementation of universal healthcare was a key priority of the Georgian Dream party, which came to power in the 2012 election. It established the current Georgian healthcare system from 2013.
888:
Government of Georgia. Decree N724, 26.12.2014. On Approval of Georgian Healthcare System State Concept 2014-2020 “Universal Healthcare and Quality Management for Protection of Patient Rights”
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2007-2014 - Public Funds given to private insurance companies for the administration of the state health insurance program for the target population (people under poverty line, teachers act.)
143:
In 2013, the enactment of a universal health care program triggered universal coverage of government-sponsored medical care of the population and improving access to health care services.
76:
Since 2013, there has been a radical change of direction in health financing policy as a new government embraced the move towards universal health coverage rather than targeted benefits.
1159:"Russian Ministry of Defence transfers a mobile hospital to provide medical assistance in the treatment of a new coronavirus infection to the population of the Republic of South Ossetia"
118:
with Diseases of the respiratory organs, digestive system and circulation system. Infectious diseases are still the source of significant health problems, especially MDR tuberculosis.
179:
2666:
1612:
171:
2235:
2122:
2117:
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550:
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1970:
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2098:
769:
Chanturidze, et al. 2009. “Georgia: Health system review.” Health Systems in Transition. World Bank Group. 2017. Georgia Public Expenditure Review
3017:
2769:
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1980:
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1986:
1340:
3032:
2984:
2856:
2851:
2652:
2449:
2220:
2072:
1960:
1270:
586:
2087:
2077:
100:
The 2020 average life expectancy in Georgia, estimated by the World Bank Group, was 73.92 years: 69.51 for males and 78.27 for females.
2989:
2816:
2062:
2027:
1904:
2994:
2956:
2559:
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2188:
1873:
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1598:
503:
with number of medicines for cardiovascular chronic illnesses, lung chronic diseases, diabetes (type 2) and thyroid gland diseases.
432:
414:
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1995-2003 - Introduction of social health insurance, mandatory payroll taxes for health and creation of the state health fund (SHF)
131:
2916:
2271:
2213:
1579:
1477:
1290:
1924:
2886:
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2826:
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2203:
2149:
1811:
1801:
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2489:
2316:
2193:
2037:
2010:
1889:
163:
878:
LEPL “L. Sakvarelidze National Center for Disease Control and Public Health”. 2017. “Health Care Statistical Yearbook 2016”
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LEPL “L. Sakvarelidze National Center for Disease Control and Public Health”. 2017. “Health Care Statistical Yearbook 2016”
3042:
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1397:
555:
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2012-2014 - Establishment of state health insurance program for pensioners, children under 5, Students, disability persons
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1914:
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545:
1774:
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3037:
2979:
2921:
2911:
2891:
2881:
2866:
2861:
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2811:
2779:
2764:
2739:
2296:
2286:
2022:
1965:
1796:
1362:
608:"Human Rights Measurement Initiative – The first global initiative to track the human rights performance of countries"
1538:
2949:
2906:
2831:
2801:
2628:
2521:
2459:
2434:
1955:
1708:
1205:
852:
515:
the correct timing of the correct patient to a correct medical institution and, if necessary, effective referral.
490:
2017 - Starting of Phase III of Universal health Care program - Service stratification according to revenue groups
2564:
2245:
2225:
1863:
1836:
1510:
1462:
155:
1779:
1515:
2633:
2276:
1975:
1821:
1764:
1698:
1432:
1392:
1372:
1352:
1255:
532:
93:
1658:
733:
2579:
2301:
1826:
1749:
1563:
1543:
1495:
1367:
560:
339:
35:
Responsibility for purchasing publicly financed health services lies with the Social Service Agency (SSA).
1724:
1548:
1447:
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1417:
1275:
258:
1533:
1831:
1472:
1422:
1382:
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1300:
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1280:
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1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1198:
31:
1158:
734:"Health Care Systems in Transition: Georgia. European Observatory on Health Care Systems. Vol.4, No.2"
2240:
1734:
1558:
1500:
1467:
1457:
1437:
1427:
1412:
1407:
1387:
1357:
1325:
1310:
1285:
1221:
898:
2414:
2391:
2052:
1894:
1868:
1791:
1744:
1648:
1452:
1377:
1347:
89:
823:
801:
2439:
1934:
1919:
1848:
1816:
1806:
1769:
1739:
1729:
212:
population). A ratio of the number of nurses to the number of physicians was equal 0.7 in 2015.
923:
779:
2509:
2504:
2400:
2369:
2001:
1843:
1784:
1759:
1688:
1621:
540:
183:
51:
2569:
2374:
2349:
2057:
1950:
1668:
1663:
973:
Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia. National Health Accounts 2001-2015
345:
1083:
17:
2591:
2067:
1929:
1909:
1853:
1703:
62:
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travel documents, as well as for accused/convicts placed in penitentiary establishments.
1134:"Rehabilitation of Tskhinvali hospital completed in Georgia/South Ossetia conflict zone"
2386:
329:
319:
175:
3057:
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2421:
2379:
2291:
2162:
366:
262:
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2407:
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972:
276:
N. Kipshidze Central Clinical Hospital Of Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi
55:
2544:
2644:
2586:
522:
373:
167:
469:
2009-2010 - Introduction of state voluntary health insurance coverage program
2499:
2032:
249:
Clinical Hospital of The Tbilisi I. Javakhishvili State University, Tbilisi
948:
LEPL “.Sakvarelidze National Center for Disease Control and Public Health”
857:
LEPL L. Sakvarelidze National Center for Disease Control and Public Health
2554:
2157:
359:
349:
333:
323:
311:
2127:
1683:
1678:
1190:
387:
Major health care reforms and policy measures till 2013 see in the box.
355:
1185:
607:
2364:
2132:
1693:
1673:
159:
511:
mortality rate of children under five was 10.2 per 1000 live birth.
61:
Mandatory social health insurance was abolished after the 2003-2004
1590:
1038:"How Prepared is Georgian Healthcare System for COVID-19 Pandemic?"
1037:
405:
provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject
475:
2013 - Introduction of Universal health Care program (Phase I-II)
130:
88:
2648:
1594:
1194:
484:
2015-2017 - Establishment of perinatal services regionalization
487:
2017 - Introduction of State drug program for chronic diseases
451:
Before 1995 - Semashko model, completely state-funded services
389:
703:
679:
655:
631:
959:
LEPL “State Regulation Agency for Medical Activities (SRAMA)
495:
well as the treatment of oncological diseases and delivery.
460:
1999 - MoH and Ministry of Social Affairs merged into MoLHSA
899:"Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia"
1109:"Georgia: MSF Medical Team Visits South Ossetia Hospital"
902:
410:
135:
Organizational Struqture of Health care System (MoLHSA)
481:
2015 - Introduction of Hepatitis C elimination program
958:
947:
927:
877:
224:
Notable hospitals in Georgia include the following:
3003:
2965:
2682:
2537:
2480:
2336:
2258:
2175:
2148:
2108:
2009:
1943:
1882:
1717:
1641:
1632:
1572:
1524:
1486:
1228:
983:
378:Mobile Hospitals from Russia, established in 2020
2660:
1606:
1206:
968:
966:
446:Major health care reforms and policy measures
182:, etc. strongly support the health sector in
8:
551:Index of Georgia (country)-related articles
2667:
2653:
2645:
2342:
2264:
2181:
2015:
1638:
1613:
1599:
1591:
1213:
1199:
1191:
478:2014 - Introduction of prescription system
252:E. Pipia Public Clinical Hospital, Tbilisi
847:
845:
843:
841:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
433:Learn how and when to remove this message
1186:World Health Organization (WHO): Georgia
306:Zugdidi Hospital for Infectious Diseases
291:Tbilisi Hospital for Infectious Diseases
270:Kutaisi Hospital for Infectious Diseases
154:Numerous international partners such as
853:"Health Care Statistical Yearbook 2016"
571:
457:1999 - National Health Policy developed
300:War Veterans Clinical Hospital, Tbilisi
231:Batumi Hospital for Infectious Diseases
1078:
581:
579:
577:
575:
122:Organizational structure of healthcare
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
727:
725:
723:
415:providing more context for the reader
80:Statistical overview of health status
7:
288:Tbilisi Republican Hospital, Tbilisi
587:"Georgia Public Expenditure Review"
113:Disease and leading causes of death
1905:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
824:"Life expectancy at birth, female"
273:Mental Clinical Hospital, Tbilisi
25:
1755:Unification of the Georgian realm
780:"Life expectancy at birth, total"
318:Gagra Central District Hospital,
285:Tbilisi Central Hospital, Tbilisi
2000:
1874:Absorption by the Russian Empire
802:"Life expectancy at birth, male"
525:
394:
372:Republican Tskhinvali hospital,
246:Clinical Hospital No. 9, Tbilisi
243:Clinical Hospital No. 4, Tbilisi
240:Clinical Hospital No. 1, Tbilisi
3064:Healthcare in Georgia (country)
704:"Georgia - HRMI Rights Tracker"
680:"Georgia - HRMI Rights Tracker"
656:"Georgia - HRMI Rights Tracker"
632:"Georgia - HRMI Rights Tracker"
1890:Democratic Republic of Georgia
924:"LEPL "Social Service Agency""
54:health system was part of the
1:
556:Politics of Georgia (country)
234:Bochorishvili Clinic, Tbilisi
104:Fertility and mortality rates
2676:Lists of hospitals in Europe
2150:Russian-occupied territories
1981:Timeline of Georgian history
732:Gamkrelidze, Amiran (2002).
546:Outline of Georgia (country)
383:Principal healthcare reforms
237:Cardiology Hospital, Tbilisi
1163:Russian Ministry of Defense
279:N. Barnov Hospital, Tbilisi
18:Health in Georgia (country)
3080:
1709:Christianization of Iberia
1088:Georgia Business Directory
612:humanrightsmeasurement.org
297:University Clinic, Tbilisi
2606:
2345:
2267:
2184:
2018:
1998:
1864:Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
1837:Principality of Mingrelia
303:Zugdidi Referral Hospital
267:Kutaisi Referral Hospital
228:American Hospital Tbilisi
72:Current healthcare system
2118:Administrative divisions
1859:Shah Abbas I's invasions
1822:Principality of Abkhazia
1765:First Kingdom of Kakheti
1113:Docgtors without Borders
533:Georgia (country) portal
338:Gali Central Hospital,
94:Life expectancy at birth
1827:Principality of Svaneti
1750:Kingdom of the Iberians
1654:Shulaveri–Shomu culture
561:Human rights in Georgia
340:Gali District, Abkhazia
328:Gagra Resort Hospital,
255:Geohospitals, Zestafoni
50:From 1921 to 1991, the
46:Historical introduction
2725:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1725:Principality of Iberia
1271:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1084:"Hospitals in Tbilisi"
996:"Hospitals in Tbilisi"
826:. The World Bank Group
804:. The World Bank Group
782:. The World Bank Group
259:Gori Military Hospital
136:
97:
1869:1795 Persian Invasion
1832:Principality of Guria
1222:Healthcare in Europe
1000:Allianz Worldwide Car
134:
92:
32:universal health care
28:Healthcare in Georgia
2465:World Heritage Sites
2048:Environmental issues
294:Tbilisi SEA Hospital
2966:States with limited
1915:Independent Georgia
1745:Kingdom of Abkhazia
1659:Kura–Araxes culture
1649:Prehistoric Georgia
1487:States with limited
411:improve the article
2307:Telecommunications
1935:Russo-Georgian War
1849:Kingdom of Kakheti
1817:Kingdom of Imereti
1812:Turkmen incursions
1807:Samtskhe atabegate
1770:Kingdom of Georgia
1740:Emirate of Tbilisi
1730:Bagrationi dynasty
344:Gudauta Hospital,
282:Sachkhere Hospital
137:
98:
3051:
3050:
2642:
2641:
2602:
2601:
2495:Ethnic minorities
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2332:
2331:
2254:
2253:
2236:Political parties
2199:Foreign relations
2171:
2170:
1996:
1995:
1900:Red Army invasion
1844:Kingdom of Kartli
1802:Timur's invasions
1785:Battle of Didgori
1760:Kingdom of Hereti
1689:Kingdom of Iberia
1588:
1587:
708:rightstracker.org
684:rightstracker.org
660:rightstracker.org
636:rightstracker.org
541:Georgia (country)
443:
442:
435:
354:Sokumi Hospital,
30:is provided by a
16:(Redirected from
3071:
3004:Dependencies and
2940:Northern Ireland
2683:Sovereign states
2669:
2662:
2655:
2646:
2622:
2615:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2343:
2265:
2182:
2123:Cities and towns
2058:Greater Caucasus
2016:
2004:
1966:Military history
1951:Names of Georgia
1797:Mongol invasions
1669:Colchian culture
1664:Trialeti culture
1639:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1592:
1525:Dependencies and
1229:Sovereign states
1215:
1208:
1201:
1192:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1146:
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1130:
1124:
1123:
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1094:
1080:
1053:
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992:
986:
981:
975:
970:
961:
956:
950:
945:
939:
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936:
935:
926:. Archived from
920:
914:
913:
911:
910:
901:. Archived from
895:
889:
886:
880:
875:
869:
868:
866:
864:
849:
836:
835:
833:
831:
820:
814:
813:
811:
809:
798:
792:
791:
789:
787:
776:
770:
767:
748:
747:
745:
743:
738:
729:
718:
717:
715:
714:
700:
694:
693:
691:
690:
676:
670:
669:
667:
666:
652:
646:
645:
643:
642:
628:
622:
621:
619:
618:
604:
598:
597:
594:World Bank Group
591:
583:
535:
530:
529:
528:
438:
431:
427:
424:
418:
398:
397:
390:
346:Gudauta District
21:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3005:
2999:
2985:Northern Cyprus
2967:
2961:
2931:United Kingdom
2857:North Macedonia
2678:
2673:
2643:
2638:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2598:
2533:
2476:
2450:Public holidays
2328:
2292:Lari (currency)
2250:
2221:Law enforcement
2167:
2144:
2104:
2083:Protected areas
2068:Lesser Caucasus
2005:
1992:
1939:
1930:Rose Revolution
1925:War in Abkhazia
1910:April 9 tragedy
1878:
1854:Safavid Georgia
1713:
1704:Sasanian Iberia
1628:
1619:
1589:
1584:
1568:
1526:
1520:
1506:Northern Cyprus
1488:
1482:
1403:North Macedonia
1224:
1219:
1182:
1177:
1167:
1165:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1142:
1140:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1056:
1046:
1044:
1036:
1035:
1014:
1004:
1002:
994:
993:
989:
982:
978:
971:
964:
957:
953:
946:
942:
933:
931:
922:
921:
917:
908:
906:
897:
896:
892:
887:
883:
876:
872:
862:
860:
851:
850:
839:
829:
827:
822:
821:
817:
807:
805:
800:
799:
795:
785:
783:
778:
777:
773:
768:
751:
741:
739:
736:
731:
730:
721:
712:
710:
702:
701:
697:
688:
686:
678:
677:
673:
664:
662:
654:
653:
649:
640:
638:
630:
629:
625:
616:
614:
606:
605:
601:
589:
585:
584:
573:
569:
531:
526:
524:
521:
448:
439:
428:
422:
419:
408:
399:
395:
385:
218:
209:
192:
129:
124:
115:
106:
87:
85:Life expectancy
82:
74:
63:Rose Revolution
48:
42:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3077:
3075:
3067:
3066:
3056:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3006:other entities
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2971:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2745:Czech Republic
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2599:
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2596:
2595:
2594:
2584:
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2582:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
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2437:
2432:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2302:Stock Exchange
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2246:Prime Minister
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2078:National parks
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1777:
1775:Byzantine wars
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1595:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1580:European Union
1576:
1574:
1573:Other entities
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1528:
1527:other entities
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1478:United Kingdom
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1291:Czech Republic
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1181:
1180:External links
1178:
1176:
1175:
1150:
1125:
1100:
1054:
1012:
987:
976:
962:
951:
940:
915:
890:
881:
870:
837:
815:
793:
771:
749:
719:
695:
671:
647:
623:
599:
570:
568:
565:
564:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
537:
536:
520:
517:
492:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
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470:
467:
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461:
458:
455:
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447:
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440:
402:
400:
393:
384:
381:
380:
379:
376:
363:
362:
352:
342:
336:
330:Gagra District
326:
320:Gagra District
308:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
232:
229:
217:
214:
208:
205:
191:
188:
128:
125:
123:
120:
114:
111:
105:
102:
86:
83:
81:
78:
73:
70:
47:
44:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3076:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3018:Faroe Islands
3016:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:South Ossetia
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
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2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:Liechtenstein
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2550:Bolnisi cross
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2164:
2163:South Ossetia
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1539:Faroe Islands
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:South Ossetia
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1363:Liechtenstein
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
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1279:
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1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
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1259:
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1254:
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1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1001:
997:
991:
988:
985:
980:
977:
974:
969:
967:
963:
960:
955:
952:
949:
944:
941:
930:on 2022-06-19
929:
925:
919:
916:
905:on 2021-02-26
904:
900:
894:
891:
885:
882:
879:
874:
871:
858:
854:
848:
846:
844:
842:
838:
825:
819:
816:
803:
797:
794:
781:
775:
772:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
750:
735:
728:
726:
724:
720:
709:
705:
699:
696:
685:
681:
675:
672:
661:
657:
651:
648:
637:
633:
627:
624:
613:
609:
603:
600:
595:
588:
582:
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2995:Transnistria
2957:Vatican City
2575:Saint George
2560:Coat of arms
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2482:Demographics
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2355:Architecture
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2277:Central bank
2209:Human rights
2189:Constitution
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2110:Subdivisions
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1895:Armenian War
1516:Transnistria
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3033:Isle of Man
2968:recognition
2917:Switzerland
2852:Netherlands
2517:Health care
2272:Agriculture
2043:Earthquakes
1780:Seljuk wars
1554:Isle of Man
1489:recognition
1463:Switzerland
1398:Netherlands
180:Global Fund
2887:San Marino
2847:Montenegro
2827:Luxembourg
2807:Kazakhstan
2710:Azerbaijan
2587:Saint Nino
2415:Mingrelian
2396:Languages
2231:Parliament
2204:Government
1792:Golden Age
1433:San Marino
1393:Montenegro
1373:Luxembourg
1353:Kazakhstan
1256:Azerbaijan
1168:January 6,
1143:January 6,
1118:January 6,
1093:January 5,
1047:January 5,
1042:Gori Civil
1005:January 5,
934:2018-05-28
909:2018-05-28
863:January 5,
742:January 5,
713:2022-03-18
689:2022-03-18
665:2022-03-18
641:2022-03-18
617:2022-03-18
567:References
423:March 2019
374:Tskhinvali
207:Criticisms
168:World Bank
127:Regulation
96:in Georgia
3023:Gibraltar
2822:Lithuania
2500:Georgians
2490:Education
2440:Mythology
2317:Transport
2282:Companies
2241:President
2194:Elections
2093:Volcanoes
2033:Black Sea
2011:Geography
1920:Civil War
1735:Arab rule
1699:Roman era
1544:Gibraltar
1368:Lithuania
1138:ReliefWeb
216:Hospitals
190:Financing
3058:Category
3043:Svalbard
3028:Guernsey
2975:Abkhazia
2945:Scotland
2902:Slovenia
2897:Slovakia
2872:Portugal
2730:Bulgaria
2629:Category
2555:Borjgali
2510:Diaspora
2455:Religion
2401:Georgian
2392:Gambling
2350:Alphabet
2226:Military
2177:Politics
2158:Abkhazia
2053:Glaciers
1956:Monarchs
1944:By topic
1626:articles
1564:Svalbard
1549:Guernsey
1496:Abkhazia
1448:Slovenia
1443:Slovakia
1418:Portugal
1276:Bulgaria
830:30 April
808:30 April
786:30 April
519:See also
360:Abkhazia
350:Abkhazia
334:Abkhazia
324:Abkhazia
312:Abkhazia
52:Georgian
2935:England
2927:Ukraine
2877:Romania
2837:Moldova
2795:Ireland
2790:Iceland
2785:Hungary
2775:Germany
2770:Georgia
2760:Finland
2755:Estonia
2750:Denmark
2735:Croatia
2720:Belgium
2715:Belarus
2705:Austria
2700:Armenia
2695:Andorra
2690:Albania
2613:Outline
2538:Symbols
2375:Cuisine
2338:Culture
2312:Tourism
2260:Economy
2133:Regions
2128:Tbilisi
2073:Mammals
2038:Climate
2023:Borders
1976:Battles
1684:Colchis
1679:Diauehi
1634:History
1622:Georgia
1473:Ukraine
1423:Romania
1383:Moldova
1341:Ireland
1336:Iceland
1331:Hungary
1321:Germany
1316:Georgia
1306:Finland
1301:Estonia
1296:Denmark
1281:Croatia
1266:Belgium
1261:Belarus
1251:Austria
1246:Armenia
1241:Andorra
1236:Albania
596:. 2017.
356:Sukhumi
184:Georgia
3038:Jersey
2980:Kosovo
2922:Turkey
2912:Sweden
2892:Serbia
2882:Russia
2867:Poland
2862:Norway
2842:Monaco
2812:Latvia
2780:Greece
2765:France
2740:Cyprus
2634:Portal
2545:Anthem
2460:Sports
2370:Cinema
2365:Chokha
2297:Mining
2287:Energy
2088:Rivers
1961:States
1883:Modern
1718:Middle
1694:Lazica
1674:Mushki
1624:
1559:Jersey
1501:Kosovo
1468:Turkey
1458:Sweden
1438:Serbia
1428:Russia
1413:Poland
1408:Norway
1388:Monaco
1358:Latvia
1326:Greece
1311:France
1286:Cyprus
859:. 2016
160:UNICEF
3013:Ă…land
2950:Wales
2907:Spain
2832:Malta
2802:Italy
2620:Index
2592:cross
2580:cross
2570:Motto
2522:Women
2445:Names
2435:Music
2430:Media
2387:Dance
2063:Lakes
2028:Birds
1642:Early
1534:Ă…land
1453:Spain
1378:Malta
1348:Italy
737:(PDF)
590:(PDF)
172:USAID
164:UNFPA
2565:Flag
2528:more
2505:List
2471:more
2422:Svan
2380:Wine
2323:more
2214:LGBT
2139:more
2099:more
1987:more
1971:Wars
1170:2021
1145:2021
1120:2021
1095:2021
1049:2021
1007:2021
865:2021
832:2022
810:2022
788:2022
744:2021
263:Gori
2408:Laz
2360:Art
413:by
156:WHO
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