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Health indicators are commonly used to make large-scale or community health-related decisions. By describing the current health of a population, the areas that need improvement become evident, and policy-makers and health professionals can work to fill these gaps. Once interventions are put in place
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Additionally, health indicators can highlight health disparities in a population. Differences in health indicators among genders, races, ethnic groups, socioeconomic classes, and other groups can be used to guide policy and interventions that will bring health equity in the future.
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in an attempt to generalize the information collected to the entire population, and then use the statistical analysis to make a statement about the health of the population. Health indicators are often used by governments to guide
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Number of children who have a low weight for their height (more than two standard deviations below the international reference) due to poor nutrition per a unit of measurement.
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Number of children who have a low height for their age (more than two standard deviations below the international reference) due to poor nutrition per a unit of measurement.
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330:(WHO). They are also used by smaller-scale community health organizations, hospitals, and other medical and public health organizations such as the
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to try to improve the health of a population, health indicators can then be used to evaluate the success of the intervention.
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A measurement of ability to self-sustain based on ability to perform daily activities such as dressing, feeding, and grooming.
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Number of mothers who only feed their infants breast milk for the first 6 months of life per a unit of measurement.
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The analysis of the data must result in a recommendation on which people can make changes to improve health
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Health indicators are used by many institutions, including international organizations such as the
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characteristics of a population which researchers use as supporting evidence for describing the
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Number of women who die due to pregnancy or birth complications per 100,000 births in a year.
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Number of people with some type of health care coverage/insurance per unit of measurement.
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The indicator must be data which can feasibly be collected in a reasonable amount of time.
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Number of people with a government- verified death certificate per unit of measurement.
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Number of people with a government- verified birth certificate per unit of measurement.
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It should be defined in such a way that it can be measured uniformly internationally.
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Measure of quality of health, or magnitude of public health change caused by actions
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Number of infant deaths (children under 1 year) per 1,000 live births in a year.
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Number of years a newborn is expected to live based on current mortality trends.
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Percentage of a nation’s gross domestic product (GDP) used toward healthcare.
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Number of newborn deaths (children under 28 days) per 1,000 births in a year.
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A measurement of premature death or lower quality of life due to disability.
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A health indicator which will be used internationally to describe
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Development., Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and (2015).
481:"Health Indicators: Conceptual and Operational Considerations"
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744:"2018 Global Reference List of 100 Core Health Indicators"
663:"2018 Global Reference List of 100 Core Health Indicators"
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81:*This is not a comprehensive list of health indicators.
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United States
Department of Health and Human Services
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World Health
Statistics 2012 Global Health Indicators
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to gather information about a population sample, use
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43:or to make goals for improving population health.
845:World Health Statistics 2012 Indicator compendium
340:The African Comprehensive HIV/AIDS Partnerships
891:, a project of the Centers for Disease Control
522:Health at a Glance 2015 : OECD Indicators
8:
55:should have the following characteristics:
818:"Resources on African Health and Diseases"
603:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
400:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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272:Health expenditure as percentage of GDP
424:"Global health indicators: An overview"
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30:. Typically, researchers will use a
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661:World Health Organization (2018).
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684:"Activity and Mobility Promotion"
575:(4th ed.). Burlington, MA.
485:Pan American Health Organization
372:(4th ed.). Burlington, MA.
713:. University of Toronto Press.
422:Larson, C.; Mercer, A. (2004).
769:Leading Health Indicators 2030
707:Culyer, Anthony (1978-12-31).
155:Disability adjusted life years
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219:Exclusive breastfeeding rate
569:Skolnik, Richard L. (2021).
366:Skolnik, Richard L. (2021).
336:National Institute of Health
288:Breast cancer screening rate
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344:Global Alliance for Africa
332:Center for Disease Control
268:Hospital readmission rates
166:Activities of daily living
930:Pharmaceutical statistics
864:list of health indicators
849:World Health Organization
751:World Health Organization
670:World Health Organization
328:World Health Organization
77:Health indicator examples
300:Death registration rate
292:Birth registration rate
258:Hospital beds per capita
189:Physical exercise habits
121:Maternal mortality ratio
91:Life expectancy at birth
132:cardiovascular diseases
111:Neonatal mortality rate
691:Johns Hopkins Medicine
28:health of a population
719:10.3138/9781442653412
284:aware of their status
101:Infant mortality rate
904:HealthIndicators.gov
822:www.africa.upenn.edu
440:10.1503/cmaj.1021409
250:Healthcare coverage
227:Child stunting rate
64:statistical validity
868:European Commission
525:. OECD Publishing.
235:Child wasting rate
208:High blood pressure
183:Alcohol consumption
925:Medical statistics
887:2013-03-18 at the
261:Doctors per capita
41:health care policy
32:survey methodology
899:Statistics Canada
873:HealthyPeople.gov
859:Health Indicators
787:978-0-309-67187-3
728:978-1-4426-5341-2
582:978-1-284-14539-7
572:Global health 101
532:978-92-64-24351-4
434:(10): 1199–1200.
379:978-1-284-14539-7
369:Global health 101
264:Nurses per capita
186:Smoking in adults
20:Health indicators
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310:Applications
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935:Indicators
914:Categories
827:2022-11-30
591:1126251416
388:1126251416
350:References
192:Condom use
149:Depression
36:statistics
804:240828832
599:cite book
541:932052293
396:cite book
151:incidence
145:incidence
139:incidence
885:Archived
796:32200597
458:15534313
143:Diabetes
693:. 2022.
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338:(NIH),
334:(CDC),
196:Obesity
157:(DALY)
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216:levels
202:Asthma
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137:Cancer
800:S2CID
747:(PDF)
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666:(PDF)
792:PMID
782:ISBN
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605:link
587:OCLC
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454:PMID
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384:OCLC
374:ISBN
326:and
210:rate
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282:HIV
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