Truck - Knowledge (XXG)

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then released and quickly pushed down again while the gear lever is moved to the next higher gear. Finally, the clutch pedal is released and the accelerator pedal pushed down to obtain the required engine speed. Although this is a relatively fast movement, perhaps a second or so while the transmission is in neutral, it allows the engine speed to drop and synchronize engine and transmission revolutions relative to the road speed. Downshifting is performed in a similar fashion, except the engine speed is now required to increase (while the transmission is in neutral) just the right amount in order to achieve the synchronization for a smooth, non-collision gear change. "Skip changing" is also widely used; in principle, the operation is the same as double-clutching, but it requires neutral be held slightly longer than a single-gear change.

916: 822: 850: 1397:. This design is almost ubiquitous in Europe, where overall truck lengths are strictly regulated, and is widely used in the rest of the world. They were common in North American heavy-duty trucks but lost prominence when permitted length was extended in the early 1980s. Nevertheless, this design is still popular in North America among medium- and light-duty trucks. To reach the engine, the whole cab tilts forward, earning this design the name of "tilt-cab". This type of cab is especially suited to the delivery conditions in Europe where many roads require the short turning radius afforded by the shorter wheelbase of the cab over engine layout. 2487: 2266: 1363: 664: 327: 46: 1371: 780: 968: 955: 680: 767: 285: 2258: 2351: 1355: 2562: 837: 2548: 2123: 315: 431: 1435: 903: 2428: 1603: 1014: 890: 202: 6628: 546: 2026: 1611: 149: 6658: 1056: 1550: 213: 6648: 715:

competing with off-road ATVs in the United States, and import regulations require that these mini-trucks have a 25 mph (40 km/h) speed governor as they are classified as low-speed vehicles. These vehicles have found uses in construction, large campuses (government, university, and industrial), agriculture, cattle ranches, amusement parks, and replacements for golf carts.

1558: 374: 554: 1027: 648: 2142:). As an overview, to drive a vehicle weighing more than 7.5 t (7.4 long tons; 8.3 short tons) for commercial purposes requires a specialist license (the type varies depending on the use of the vehicle and number of seats). For licenses first acquired after 1997, that weight was reduced to 3.5 t (3.4 long tons; 3.9 short tons), not including trailers. 754: 6638: 2186: 2978: 1631:

typically flat the whole length on heavy-duty trucks, the rails may sometimes be tapered or arched for clearance around the engine or over the axles. The holes in rails are used either for mounting vehicle components and running wires and hoses or measuring and adjusting the orientation of the rails at the factory or repair shop.

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accidents are still an issue that causes thousands of deaths and injuries each year. Approximately 6,000 trucking accident fatalities occur annually in the United States. Fatalities are not the only issue caused by trucking accidents. Here are some of the environmental issues that arise with trucking accidents:

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Trucks' share of US vehicles produced, has tripled since 1975. Though vehicle fuel efficiency has increased within each category, the overall trend toward trucks has offset some of the benefits of greater fuel economy and reductions in pollution and carbon dioxide emissions. Without the shift towards

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Australia has complex regulations over weight and length, including axle spacing, type of axle/axle group, rear overhang, kingpin to rear of trailer, drawbar length, ground clearance, as well as height and width laws. These limits are some of the highest in the world, a B-double can weigh 62.5 t

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Commercial trucks in the US pay higher road use taxes on a state level than other road vehicles and are subject to extensive regulation. A few reasons commercial trucks pay higher road use taxes: they are bigger and heavier than most other vehicles, and cause more wear and tear per hour on roadways;

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The European Union also has complex regulations. The number and spacing of axles, steering, single or dual tires, and suspension type all affect maximum weights. Length of a truck, of a trailer, from axle to hitch point, kingpin to rear of trailer, and turning radius are all regulated. In additions,

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The mandate, which applies to medium-duty and large trucks, will put an estimated 300,000 zero-emission trucks on the road by 2035. The mandate will start in the 2024 model year and initially require 5%–9% zero emission vehicles (ZEV) based on class, rising to 30%–50% by 2030. By 2045, all vehicles

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for each shift, (which can lead to repetitive motion injuries), or a technique known colloquially as "floating", a method of changing gears which does not use the clutch, except for starts and stops, due to the physical effort of double-clutching, especially with non-power-assisted clutches, faster

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In 2002 and 2004, there were over 5,000 fatalities related to trucking accidents in the United States. The trucking industry has since made significant efforts in increasing safety regulations. In 2008, the industry had successfully lowered the fatality rate to just over 4,000 deaths, but trucking

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In addition, any vehicle designed to carry goods or passengers may only be driven by a driver possessing a Public Driver's Permit, (or PrDP) of the applicable type. This is an additional license that is added to the DL card of the operator and subject to annual renewal unlike the five-year renewal

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for heavy trucks are becoming more and more common, due to advances both in transmission and engine power. In Europe, 8, 10, 12, and 16 gears are common on larger trucks with a manual transmission, while conventional automatic or automated manual transmissions would have anything from 5 to 12

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Double-clutching allows the driver to control the engine and transmission revolutions to synchronize so that a smooth shift can be made; for example, when upshifting, the accelerator pedal is released and the clutch pedal is depressed while the gear lever is moved into neutral, the clutch pedal is

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Two key elements of an effective environmental enclosure are a good filtration system and an enclosure with good integrity (sealed isolation from the outside environment). It is recommended that a filtration system filter out at least 95% or greater of airborne respirable aerosols from the intake

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did not appear in production trucks until Benz introduced it in 1923. The diesel engine was not common in trucks in Europe until the 1930s. In the United States, Autocar introduced diesel engines for heavy applications in the mid-1930s. Demand was high enough that Autocar launched the "DC" model

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The life of a pavement is measured by the number of passes of a vehicle axle. It may be evaluated using the Load Equivalency Factor, which states that the damage by the pass of a vehicle axle is proportional to the 4th power of the weight, so a ten-ton axle consumes 10,000 times the life of the

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as well as to minimize air leakage around the filtration system. Test methods and mathematical modeling of environmental enclosures are also beneficial for quantifying and optimizing filtration system designs, as well as maintaining optimum protection factor performance for enclosure occupants.

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To drive any vehicle in South Africa towing a trailer with a GVM more than 7.5 t (7.4 long tons; 8.3 short tons), further restrictions apply and the driver must possess a license suitable for the GVM of the total combination as well as an articulated endorsement. This is indicated with the

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due to their resemblance to a ladder if tipped on end. The rails consist of a tall vertical section (two if boxed) and two shorter horizontal flanges. The height of the vertical section provides opposition to vertical flex when weight is applied to the top of the frame (beam resistance). Though

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is required to drive any type of commercial vehicle weighing 26,001 lb (11,794 kg) or more. The federal government regulates how many hours a driver may be on the clock, how much rest and sleep time is required (e.g., 11 hours driving/14 hours on-duty followed by 10 hours off, with a

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As of 2019 several alternative technologies are competing to displace the use of diesel engines in heavy trucks. CNG engines are widely used in the US refuse industry and in concrete mixers, among other short-range vocations, but range limitations have prevented their broader uptake in freight

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Off-road trucks include standard, extra heavy-duty highway-legal trucks, typically outfitted with off-road features such as a front driving axle and special tires for applications such as logging and construction, and purpose-built off-road vehicles unconstrained by weight limits, such as the

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test passed in a vehicle fitted with an automatic or synchromesh transmission; a driver's license will be restricted to vehicles of that class fitted with a synchromesh or automatic transmission. To have the condition removed, a person needs to pass a practical driving test in a vehicle with

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laws, which allow vehicle owners a break in taxes for buying a smaller and less-powerful vehicle (currently, the engine is limited to 660 cc displacement). These vehicles are used as on-road utility vehicles in Japan. These Japanese-made mini-trucks that were manufactured for on-road use are

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The first known usage of "truck" was in 1611 when it referred to the small strong wheels on ships' cannon carriages, and comes from "Trokhos" (Greek) = "wheel". In its extended usage, it came to refer to carts for carrying heavy loads, a meaning known since 1771. Its expanded application to

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Medium trucks are larger than light but smaller than heavy trucks. In the US, they are defined as weighing between 13,000 and 33,000 lb (5.9 and 15.0 t). For the UK and the EU the weight is between 3.5 and 7.5 t (7,700 and 16,500 lb). Local delivery and public service

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in 1899 and was available with 5 or 8 horsepower (4 or 6 kW) engines. Another early American truck was built by George Eldridge of Des Moines, Iowa, in 1903. It was powered by an engine with two opposed cylinders, and had a chain drive A 1903 Eldridge truck is displayed at the

2319:, trucks emit considerably higher sound levels at all speeds compared to typical cars; this contrast is particularly strong with heavy-duty trucks. There are several aspects of truck operations that contribute to the overall sound that is emitted. Continuous sounds are those from 1710:("tippers" in the UK) transport loose material such as sand, gravel, or dirt for construction. A typical dump truck has an open-box bed, which is hinged at the rear and lifts at the front, allowing the material in the bed to be unloaded ("dumped") on the ground behind the truck. 946:

Road damage and wear increase very rapidly with the axle weight. The number of steering axles and the suspension type also influence the amount of the road wear. In many countries with good roads a six-axle truck may have a maximum weight of 44 t (97,000 lb) or more.

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Since 2013, the C1 license category allows driving vehicles over 3.5 and up to 7.5 tonnes. The C license category allows driving vehicles over 3.5 tonnes with a trailer up to 750 kg, and the CE category allows driving category C vehicles with a trailer over 750 kg.

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and higher-volume production broadened the range of applicability of electric propulsion to trucks in many more roles. Today, manufacturers are electrifying all trucks ahead of national regulatory requirements, with long-range over-the-road trucks being the most challenging.

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The United States Federal Bridge Law deals with the relation between the gross weight of the truck, the number of axles, the weight on and the spacing between the axles that the truck can have on the Interstate highway system. Each State determines the maximum permissible

2088:: Heavy Rigid: a rigid vehicle with three or more axles and a GVM of more than 8 t (7.9 long tons; 8.8 short tons). Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9 t (8.9 long tons; 9.9 short tons) GVM. Also includes articulated buses and vehicles in class 1691:

have a rotating drum on an inclined axis, rotating in one direction to mix, and in the other to discharge the concrete down chutes. Because of the weight and power requirements of the drum body and rough construction sites, mixers have to be very heavy duty.

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emitted by trucks are very dangerous to health, causing thousands of early deaths annually in the US alone. As older trucks are usually the worst, many cities have banned 20th century trucks. Air pollution also threatens professional truck drivers.

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have insulated panels as walls and a roof and floor, used for transporting fresh and frozen cargo such as ice cream, food, vegetables, and prescription drugs. They are mostly equipped with double-wing rear doors, but a side door is sometimes fitted.

2514:(HGV). These signs are directed against a common type of accident that occurs when the large vehicle turns left at a junction: a cyclist trying to pass on the nearside can be crushed against the HGV's wheels, especially if the driver cannot see the 1573:(synchronizers). Bigger trucks often use manual transmissions without synchronizers, saving bulk and weight, although synchromesh transmissions are used in larger trucks as well. Transmissions without synchronizers, known as "crash boxes", require 2072:: Light rigid: a rigid vehicle with a GVM of more than 4.5 t (4.4 long tons; 5.0 short tons) but not more than 8 t (7.9 long tons; 8.8 short tons). Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9 t (8.9 long tons; 9.9 short tons) GVM. 2225:, argues that low pay, bad working conditions and unsafe conditions have been a direct result of deregulation. The book cites poor working conditions and an unfair pay system as responsible for high annual employee turnover in the industry. 2154:

To drive any vehicle with a GVM exceeding 3.5 t (3.4 long tons; 3.9 short tons), a code C1 drivers license is required. Furthermore, if the vehicle exceeds 16 t (15.7 long tons; 17.6 short tons) a code C license becomes necessary.

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2078:: Medium rigid: a rigid vehicle with 2 axles and a GVM of more than 8 t (7.9 long tons; 8.8 short tons). Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9 t (8.9 long tons; 9.9 short tons) GVM. Also includes vehicles in class 632:, these are used typically for off-highway use on estates, golf courses, and parks. While not suitable for highway use some variations may be licensed as slow speed vehicles for operation on streets, generally as a body variation of a 799:

Light trucks are car-sized (in the US, no more than 13,900 lb (6.3 t)) and are used by individuals and businesses alike. In the EU they may not weigh more than 3.5 t (7,700 lb) and are allowed to be driven with a

3338:"Council Directive 96/53/EC laying down for certain road vehicles circulating within the Community the maximum authorized dimensions in national and international traffic and the maximum authorized weights in international traffic" 1594:

gears. Almost all heavy truck transmissions are of the "range and split" (double H shift pattern) type, where range change and so‑called half gears or splits are air operated and always preselected before the main gear selection.

2312:. Many environmental organizations favor laws and incentives to encourage the switch from road to rail, especially in Europe. Several countries have pledged that 30% of sales of trucks and buses will be zero emission by 2030. 1407:, with a sloped hood (bonnet) and other features to lower drag. Conventional cabs are the most common in North America, Australia, and China, and are known in the UK as "American cabs" and in the Netherlands as "torpedo cabs". 2991:

California will require automakers to sell more electric trucks starting in 2024. The measure, approved unanimously Thursday by the California Air Resources Board, says that by 2045 all new trucks sold in the state should be

2370:(HVAC) systems for primarily maintaining a comfortable temperature and providing breathable air for their occupants. Various levels of filtration can be incorporated into the HVAC system to remove airborne pollutants such as 3481: 4706: 355:. The higher energy density of liquid fuels soon led to the decline of electric-powered trucks in favor of, first, gasoline, and then diesel and CNG-fueled engines until battery technology advanced in the 2000s when new 2173:"P": Required for the transport of paying passengers, requires a more stringent criminal record check, additionally the driver must be over the age of 21 at time of issue. A G class PrDP will be issued at the same time. 4102: 561:

In the United States, Canada, and the Philippines, "truck" is usually reserved for commercial vehicles larger than regular passenger cars, but includes large SUVs, pickups, and other vehicles with an open load bed.

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were not common until the mid-19th century. The roads of the time, built for horse and carriages, limited these vehicles to very short hauls, usually from a factory to the nearest railway station. The first

1400:"Cab-under" is where the driver is positioned at the front at the lowest point possible as means for maximum cargo space as possible. Examples were made by Hunslet, Leyland, Bussing, Strick and Steinwinter. 5534: 2198:

maximum of 70 hours/8 days or 60 hours/7 days, 34 hours restart ) Violations are often subject to significant penalties. Instruments to track each driver's hours must sometimes be fitted. In 2006, the

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in Australia and New Zealand, are common in North America and some regions of Latin America, Asia, and Africa, but not so in Europe, where this size of commercial vehicle is most often made as vans.

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rolling on the roadway and the constant hum of their diesel engines at highway speeds. Less frequent noises, but perhaps more noticeable, are things like the repeated sharp-pitched whistle of a

5766: 981: 5833: 1781:("recovery lorries" in the UK) are used to recover and/or tow disabled vehicles. They are normally equipped with a boom with a cable; wheel/chassis lifts are becoming common on newer trucks. 1718:

have an entirely flat, level platform body. This allows for quick and easy loading but has no protection for the load. Hanging or removable sides are sometimes fitted, often in the form of a

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was the first of the major truck manufacturers to offer a range of electric trucks for sale. Electric trucks were successful for urban delivery roles and as specialized work vehicles like

96:. In American English, a commercial vehicle without a trailer or other articulation is formally a "straight truck" while one designed specifically to pull a trailer is not a truck but a " 1418:

and for other specialist vehicles carrying long loads such as pipes. This type is often made by replacing the passenger side of a cab-over truck with an extended section of the load bed.

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should be ZEVs. The regulation would apply to pickup trucks weighing 8,500 pounds or more, but not to light-duty trucks, which are covered by separate zero emission regulations.

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have a specialized body for collecting and, often, compacting trash collected from municipal, commercial, and industrial sites. This application has the widest use of the

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In Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, the word "truck" is mostly reserved for larger vehicles. In Australia and New Zealand, a pickup truck is frequently called a

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pavement as a one-ton axle. For that reason, loaded trucks cost the same as thousands of cars in pavement costs, and are subject to higher taxes and highway tolls.

1773:. They usually have a cylindrical tank lying horizontally on the chassis. Many variants exist due to the wide variety of liquids and gases that can be transported. 5522: 4894: 4864: 2176:"D": Required for the transport of dangerous materials, requires all of the same checks as class P., and in addition the driver must be over 25 at time of issue. 6550: 6435: 6398: 6363: 5906: 3153: 840: 4738: 915: 5796: 4588: 1426:

that can be described as a specially fabricated vehicle with the same properties as a truck of this type, in addition to the ability to pick up its own load.

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has a gross vehicle weight limit of 164,000 lb (74 t), which is twice the U.S. federal limit. A measure to change the law was defeated in the

5119: 6471: 6290: 6210: 6159: 6045: 6023: 6007: 5758: 3651: 3042: 1845: 72:, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature 4159: 936:. These include vocational applications such as heavy dump trucks, concrete pump trucks, and refuse hauling, as well as ubiquitous long-haul 4x2 and 6440: 6335: 6128: 4295: 4947: 3970: 3367: 2754: 3114: 3066: 2366:. Enclosed operator cabs have been used on agriculture, mining, and construction vehicles for several decades. Most modern-day enclosed cabs have 3677: 3312: 3283: 1494:

A significant proportion of North American manufactured trucks use an engine built by the last remaining major independent engine manufacturer (

6217: 6074: 3945:"Strick's unconventional Cab-Under truck prototype, designed to skirt trucking length laws, returns to the United States, restoration underway" 3230: 2199: 2017:

In many countries, driving a truck requires a special driving license. The requirements and limitations vary with each different jurisdiction.

5193:"Controlled human exposure to diesel exhaust: results illuminate health effects of traffic-related air pollution and inform future directions" 3845: 6529: 5039: 4860: 801: 1745:

configuration in North America, to provide better maneuverability in tight situations. They are also among the most severe-duty and highest

1382:" is a compartment attached to or integral with the cab where the driver can rest while not driving, sometimes seen in semi-trailer trucks. 703:

bodies. Specialized designs with substantial frames such as the Italian Piaggio shown here are based upon Japanese designs (in this case by

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construction, with a cabin that is independent of the payload portion of the vehicle. Smaller varieties may be mechanically similar to some

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magazine "Electric lorries will probably run on hydrogen, not batteries, which are too expensive." Other researchers say that once faster

821: 80:. Commercial trucks can be very large and powerful and may be configured to be mounted with specialized equipment, such as in the case of 4674: 4037: 5976: 5678: 4610: 4324: 2304:

are from road freight, in 2021 over 1700 million tonnes from medium and heavy trucks, so many countries are further restricting truck CO

1944: 4838: 527:(to carry or drag along, or to lug) which was in use as early as 1664, but that association is not definitive. The expanded meaning of 6405: 6084: 6064: 5860:"Motor Trucks – The New Freighters: Quicker and More Reliable Service, Cleaner and Less Congested Cities, Concrete Examples of Saving" 5726: 4649: 2252: 5475: 2382:

airflow, with an additional recirculation filtering component for the inside air. Good enclosure integrity is also needed to achieve

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is especially dangerous for health. Some countries outside the EU have different vehicle emission standards for trucks and cars.

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engines and had a carrying capacity of 1.5 to 2 t (3,300 to 4,400 lb). After World War I, several advances were made:

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There is a shortage of willing trained long-distance truck drivers. Part of the reason for this is the economic fallout from

1017: 5081: 4382: 2510:"Cities Fit For Cycling" campaign and from other media in Spring 2012, warning signs are now displayed on the backs of many 2486: 2265: 2194: 1403:"Conventional" cabs seated the driver behind the engine, as in most passenger cars or pickup trucks. Many new cabs are very 1362: 6641: 4526: 4006: 3751: 6370: 6330: 6318: 6273: 6251: 6239: 6222: 6171: 6113: 6096: 6079: 4211: 1590: 663: 633: 3254: 3205: 1663:

have walls and a roof, making an enclosed load space. The rear has doors for unloading; a side door is sometimes fitted.

6631: 6613: 6261: 6205: 6101: 6040: 6018: 6002: 5961: 5956: 5892: 5700: 3506: 2359: 1092: 241: 4890: 4400: 3674:"Pothole questions: Why are Ohio's roads better than Michigan's roads? MDOT points to lack of funding compared to Ohio" 2779: 326: 193:, and 1935 in the United Kingdom, when a change in road tax rules made them uneconomic against the new diesel lorries. 6524: 6266: 6035: 1795: 1510: 1088: 5053: 3157: 399: 5671:"Design, Testing, and Modeling of Environmental Enclosures for Controlling Worker Exposure to Airborne Contaminants" 4745: 2405:

and trucks and their drivers are on the road for more hours per day. Rules on use taxes differ among jurisdictions.

2170:"G": Required for the transport of general goods, requires a criminal record check and a fee on issuing and renewal. 6514: 5788: 4584: 2536:

Trucks must be fitted with blind-spot mirrors that give drivers a wider field of vision than conventional mirrors.

1394: 655: 508:"motor-powered load carrier" has been in usage since 1930, shortened from "motor truck", which dates back to 1901. 3771: 3561: 2838: 395: 45: 6476: 6466: 5284: 3747: 2309: 4181: 3907: 3700: 2041:(GVM) exceeding 4.5 t (4.4 long tons; 5.0 short tons). The motor vehicles classes are further expanded as: 5560: 4368: 3587: 3337: 2576: 2297: 2139: 1566: 1370: 1096: 629: 356: 352: 343:

predate internal combustion ones and have been continuously available since the mid-19th-century. In the 1920s

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In-vehicle speed limitation is required applying a 90 km/h limit to commercial vehicles over 3.5 tonnes.

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that protects the truck operator from hazardous airborne pollutants. As an enclosure, it is an example of an

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are available batteries will become competitive against diesel for all, except perhaps the heaviest, trucks.

5111: 5020: 2702: 2657: 1438: 244: 205: 967: 707:) and are popular for use in "old town" sections of European cities that often have very narrow alleyways. 6581: 4155: 3038: 2218: 2135: 1863: 1841: 1586: 1083:

there are special rules for carrying containers, and countries can set their own rules for local traffic.

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Regardless of name, these small trucks serve a wide range of uses. In Japan, they are regulated under the

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are new to the market in 2021, but major freight haulers are interested. Although cars will be first the

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Popular in Europe and Asia, many mini-trucks are factory redesigns of light automobiles, usually with

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frame-rails behind, suitable for subsequent permanent attachment of a specialized payload, like a

6502: 5641: 3850: 3817: 3772:"Pavement Comparative Analysis Technical Report Comprehensive Truck Size and Weight Limits Study" 3619: 2697: 2586: 2581: 2038: 1728: 1513:

emission regulations, and Euro 7 from the late 2020s has stricter exhaust limits and also limits

735: 667: 465: 178: 5583: 2138:(and practically all European non-member states), so that common rules apply within Europe (see 1936: 1079:

can weigh 172 t (169.3 long tons; 189.6 short tons) and be 53.5 m (176 ft) long.

836: 5387:"Target the oldest diesel trucks to reduce racial disparities in air pollution exposure in NYC" 5335: 4426: 6576: 5859: 5240: 5222: 5035: 5024: 5012: 4681: 4219: 3391:"Chinese Road Transport Mass and Dimensions Regulations – An Analysis of the Challenges Ahead" 2927: 2903: 2533:

Front, side, and rear underrun protection is required on commercial vehicles over 3.5 tonnes.

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markets a version of their Xebra electric tricycle (licensable in the U.S. as a motorcycle).

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Truck cab filter housing using a contiguous series of pre-, HEPA, and charcoal panel filters

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SUVs, energy use per unit distance could have fallen 30% more than it did from 2010 to 2022.

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industry, where the word is known to have been used in 1838 to refer to a type of truck (a

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launched in March 2012, advocate extra care when passing a large vehicle on the nearside.

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may be found attached at one or both ends, but heavy tractors almost always make use of a

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as almost all cars, having either an automatic transmission or a manual transmission with

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consists of two parallel boxed (tubular) or C‑shaped rails, or beams, held together by

1522: 1491:(compressed natural gas) engines for their low fuel cost and reduced carbon emissions. 1481: 1335: 879: 783: 757: 719: 670: 512: 501: 340: 309: 201: 186: 120: 116: 89: 4916: 4770: 1393:

engine" (COE) or "flat nose"; where the driver is seated above the front axle and the

6676: 5931: 5823: 5645: 4562: 2672: 2328: 1829: 1757:("artics" in the UK) have a fifth wheel for towing a semi-trailer instead of a body. 1737: 1714: 1534: 1462: 1379: 933: 875: 739: 651: 566: 296: 273: 182: 112: 104: 73: 65: 5557:"How Government policy can realize rail freight's role in reducing carbon emissions" 1434: 545: 523:

as in the American), specifically a large flat wagon. It might derive from the verb

3743: 3390: 2324: 2206: 2034: 2025: 1906: 1753: 1699: 1627: 1610: 1499: 1470: 1454: 959: 940: 828: 807: 770: 743: 598: 288: 259:, also built their own versions. The first truck in the United States was built by 148: 97: 81: 5361:"New Report: Transition to Zero-Emission Trucks Could Save More Than 66,000 Lives" 3701:"Michigan road funding: Proposal to cut truck weight limits fails in state Senate" 3309:"Heavy Vehicle (Mass, Dimension and loading) National Regulation Schedule 6 (NSW)" 3280:"Heavy Vehicle (Mass, Dimension and loading) National Regulation Schedule 1 (NSW)" 3133: 1055: 189:. Steam-powered wagons were sold in France and the United States until the eve of 4369:"This Truck/Trailer Combination Requires 2 Drivers and Moves Massive Plane Parts" 2228:

In 2018, in the US, 5,096 large trucks and buses were involved in fatal crashes:

636:. A few manufactures produce specialized chassis for this type of vehicle, while 6661: 5311:"New, Stronger Rules for Truck Pollution Still Would Not Meet Air Quality Goals" 4014: 3992: 2859:"D.M.'s Eldridge Beat Henry Ford." Des Moines Register, June 5, 1996, p. 6N-LC. 2717: 2567: 2350: 1958: 1910: 1902: 1889: 1676: 1667: 1647: 1623: 1570: 1549: 1474: 825: 731: 683: 516: 212: 190: 173: 160: 5497: 5217: 3813:"Experts weigh in on how much Michigan's heavy trucks damage the state's roads" 3615:"Does your body ache from hitting potholes? 5 reasons Michigan has lousy roads" 2238:

The number of large trucks involved in property damage only crashes is 414,000.

236:. A year later, in 1896, another internal combustion engine truck was built by 232:

truck. Later that year some of Benz's trucks were modified to become busses by

6586: 4156:"Tesla Semi receives another order, electric trucks will move goods in Europe" 4095:"DHL Freight and Volvo Trucks join to introduce long-distance electric trucks" 3246: 3209: 2722: 2647: 2637: 2617: 2543: 2450: 1975: 1849: 1825: 1761: 1720: 1706: 1557: 1503: 1478: 1339: 1323: 1072: 1063: 1060: 1050: 871: 853: 723: 637: 434: 256: 85: 77: 5704: 5226: 4223: 531:, "self-propelled vehicle for carrying goods", has been in usage since 1911. 17: 6608: 6596: 5412:"Ban old trucks from big cities to save lives: new Grattan Institute report" 5258: 4038:"Euro 7 emissions rules finalised: European Council approves tighter limits" 2808: 2687: 2642: 2632: 2601: 1983: 1940: 1918: 1777: 1680: 1659: 1457:, and even light medium-duty trucks in North America, China, and Russia use 1331: 1327: 906: 700: 583: 576: 553: 225: 5244: 3971:"The Forgotten Steinwinter Supercargo Is Unlike Anything on the Road Today" 1026: 647: 4948:"Facing A Critical Shortage Of Drivers, The Trucking Industry Is Changing" 4923:. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. 18 December 2007. 1378:

The "cab", or "cabin" is an enclosed space where the driver is seated. A "

1071:(61.5 long tons; 68.9 short tons) and be 25 m (82 ft) long, and 753: 3087: 2611: 2101:

There is also a heavy vehicle transmission condition for a license class

2053:: Heavy Combination, a typical prime mover plus semi-trailer combination. 1979: 1742: 1639: 1423: 1415: 1390: 727: 704: 625: 348: 2437:

deal primarily with the United States and Europe and do not represent a

1585:

Common North American setups include 9, 10, 13, 15, and 18 speeds.

1487:

engine. A large proportion of refuse trucks in the United States employ

557:

In Pakistan and India the majority of trucks are colorful and decorated.

5637: 5609: 3475:""Legal loading" - Weight and dimension regulations for heavy vehicles" 2975:"California's Landmark Electric Truck Rule Targets 'Diesel Death Zone'" 2834: 2780:"Trends in heavy electric vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2024 – Analysis" 2515: 2375: 1766: 1672: 1295: 1076: 711: 511:"Lorry" has a more uncertain origin, but probably has its roots in the 446: 442: 319: 265: 252: 248: 217: 69: 5884: 2185: 5842: 5145: 2519: 1971: 1837: 1319: 333:

test driving the Ford F-150 Lightning all-electric pick up at Ford's

5729:. NVF committee Vehicles and Transports. August 2008. Archived from 4893:. US Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. 18 December 2014. 571:(short for "utility" vehicle), while in South Africa it is called a 402:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 6546:

Association for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring Systems

5133:

Cazzola, Pierpaolo; Paoli, Leonardo; Teter, Jacob (November 2023).

127:

of up to 3.5 t (3.4 long tons; 3.9 short tons) are defined as

3750:, Final Report, Executive Summary, Project RC-1504. Archived from 3705: 2485: 2349: 2264: 2256: 2184: 2121: 2024: 2001: 1635: 1609: 1601: 1556: 1548: 1433: 1369: 1361: 1353: 1315: 1303: 1294:

Almost all trucks share a common construction: they are made of a

1054: 1025: 1012: 980: 966: 953: 914: 901: 888: 848: 835: 820: 778: 765: 752: 678: 662: 646: 552: 544: 520: 429: 325: 313: 283: 211: 200: 147: 44: 5017:

Sweatshops on Wheels: Winners and Losers in Trucking Deregulation

4064:"Electric Truck Maker Nikola Is Cutting Production Target, Again" 3846:"Fixing Michigan's crumbling roads: What about the heavy trucks?" 2235:

The number of large trucks involved in injury crashes is 112,000,

2223:

Sweatshops on Wheels: Winners and Losers in Trucking Deregulation

5118:. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 12 December 2022. 4250:"Climate change: Electric trucks 'can compete with diesel ones'" 3588:"Compilation of Exixting State Truck Size and Weight Limit Laws" 2371: 2367: 2320: 2166:

The requirements for obtaining the different classes are below.

1746: 1477:. Huge off-highway trucks use locomotive-type engines such as a 1307: 582:

In the United Kingdom, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Ireland, and

268:

Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa. Trucks of the era mostly used

5888: 4383:"VIDEO: Truckers use dual-driver system to haul oversized load" 4351:"'Steer Cars' and 'Jeeps' Bring Up the Rear of Long-Beam Hauls" 5926: 4125:"Want a Nikola hydrogen-electric truck? You will have to wait" 3533:"A Guide to Haulage & Courier Vehicle Types & Weights" 2421: 2285: 2232:

The number of large trucks involved in fatal crashes is 4,862,

1770: 1561:

Eaton Roadranger 18 speed "crash box" with automated gearshift

1509:

In the European Union, all new truck engines must comply with

1488: 1465:

models are now being produced. Most of the heavier trucks use

1450: 367: 5336:"Heavy Duty Vehicles and NOx | Union of Concerned Scientists" 3897:

Heavy Duty Trucking, November 1977, The cab-under controversy

3006:"California passes landmark mandate for zero emission trucks" 2386:

to prevent wind-driven aerosol penetration into the enclosure

5847: 119:

are more popular in China and Europe than elsewhere. In the

6556:

Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles

4587:. US Securities and Exchange Commission. 2016. p. 48. 3737:"Effect of Michigan Multi-Axle Trucks on Pavement Distress" 3364:"Freight Management and Operations: Bridge Formula Weights" 3231:"Chapter 3. HEAVY TRUCKS – Center for Transportation" (PDF) 2278:. Unlike cars, as of 2022, most trucks run on diesel, and 2114:

non-synchromesh transmission (constant mesh or crash box).

5675:

U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

2059:: Multi Combination, e.g., B Doubles/road trains 165:

Trucks and cars have a common ancestor: the steam-powered

5167:"Road Traffic Could Be a Major Source of Water Pollution" 1671:

trucks have a fully enclosed cab at the front, with bare

718:

Major mini-truck manufacturers and their brands include:

3562:"Federal Size Regulations for Commercial Motor Vehicles" 3507:"Längre kombinationer tillåts i Sverige från 1 december" 32:"Trucks" and "Lorry" redirect here. For other uses, see 2446: 2338:

put in place to help control where and when the use of

1342:

systems may also be present. Many also tow one or more

549:

Trucks parked near Plaza, by the side of Highway in USA

391: 103:

The majority of trucks currently in use are powered by

3513:(in Swedish). Albinsson & Sjöberg. 2 November 2023 5191:

Long, Erin; Carlsten, Christopher (9 February 2022).

4495:"HDR 70/85 Wrecker Operations and Maintenance Manual" 2130:

Driving licensing has been harmonized throughout the

1806:

Largest truck manufacturers in the world as of 2015.

5701:"Trucking Industry Operating Taxes State of Georgia" 5259:"Emission Standards: USA: Heavy-Duty Onroad Engines" 5140:. Global Fuel Economy Initiative (GFEI). p. 3. 2902:. Lorenz Books. pp. 20–21, 114, 118, 160, 204. 2037:'s license is required for any motor vehicle with a 6564: 6538: 6490: 6454: 6418: 6386: 6351: 6311: 6137: 5990: 5949: 5940: 5082:"Large Truck and Bus Crash Facts 2018 | FMCSA" 4401:"A Trailer So Big the Back Half Has Its Own Driver" 3004:Shephardson, David; Groom, Nichola (25 June 2020). 2202:employed 1.8 million drivers of heavy trucks. 5669:Organiscak, J.; Cecala, A.; Hall, R. (June 2018). 5523:"EU countries agree to 30 percent cut in truck CO 5438:"Truck drivers 'worst affected' by air pollution" 593:, but only for the medium and heavy types, while 3448:. Ireland Road Safety Authority. February 2013. 3366:. US Department of Transportation. 21 May 2015. 2926:(26 ed.). Motor. 1973. pp. 530, 1035. 2873:"Debut of diesel engines in tractors and trucks" 2499:14.4% of trucking accidents cause cargo to spill 2274:Like cars, trucks contribute to air, noise, and 1553:A truck rear suspension and drive axles overview 5853:Different sizes and classes of trucks in the UK 4744:. Hino Motors. 2016. p. 25. Archived from 3648:"Michigan's Road Spending: How do we stack up?" 2518:. The signs, such as the winning design of the 843:Unitrac 95L truck harvesting hay in Switzerland 4865:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 4739:"Financial Reports for the Fiscal Year Ending" 4712:. Volkswagen. 2016. p. 98. Archived from 3926:"Cab-under trucks – is an old idea returning?" 3443:"Guidelines on Maximum Weights and Dimensions" 1130:172 t (169.3 long tons; 189.6 short tons) 6551:European Automobile Manufacturers Association 5900: 5753: 5751: 5727:"Road wear from heavy vehicles – an overview" 5588:International Council on Clean Transportation 3888:Commercial Car Journal May 1977, Brian Taylor 3590:. US Department of Transportation. May 2015. 3389:Harborn, Mats; Feng, Feng; Xu, Tommy (2013). 2435:The examples and perspective in this section 2374:, diesel particulate matter (DPM), and other 1422:A further step from this is the side loading 932:Heavy trucks are the largest on-road trucks, 318:1911 Walker Electric truck on display at the 107:, although small- to medium-size trucks with 8: 5763:Mobility and transport – European Commission 5112:"Highlights of the Automotive Trends Report" 4616:. Dongfeng. 2016. p. 10. Archived from 2334:when traversing a downgrade. There has been 1765:("tankers" in the UK) are designed to carry 1160:26 t (25.6 long tons; 28.7 short tons) 5848:Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 5283:Carroll, Sean Goulding (15 November 2022). 4835:"South Australia License class information" 4212:"Daimler Truck and Mercedes-Benz part ways" 2327:on acceleration, or the abrupt blare of an 1248:44 t (43.3 long tons; 48.5 short tons) 1243:44 t (43.3 long tons; 48.5 short tons) 1238:26 t (25.6 long tons; 28.7 short tons) 1228:74 t (72.8 long tons; 81.6 short tons) 1223:74 t (72.8 long tons; 81.6 short tons) 1218:26 t (25.6 long tons; 28.7 short tons) 1208:44 t (43.3 long tons; 48.5 short tons) 1203:30 t (29.5 long tons; 33.1 short tons) 1198:26 t (25.6 long tons; 28.7 short tons) 1188:76 t (74.8 long tons; 83.8 short tons) 1183:76 t (74.8 long tons; 83.8 short tons) 1178:28 t (27.6 long tons; 30.9 short tons) 1168:44 t (43.3 long tons; 48.5 short tons) 1150:55 t (54.1 long tons; 60.6 short tons) 1145:49 t (48.2 long tons; 54.0 short tons) 1140:25 t (24.6 long tons; 27.6 short tons) 1124:23 t (22.6 long tons; 25.4 short tons) 295:Although it had been invented in 1897, the 6647: 5946: 5907: 5893: 5885: 5858:Hutchinson, Rollin W. Jr. (January 1912). 2623:Glossary of the American trucking industry 2453:, or create a new section, as appropriate. 2368:heating, ventilation, and air conditioning 1804: 488:, and is the usual term in countries like 6472:History of the internal combustion engine 5793:Mobilità u Trasport – European Commission 5234: 5216: 5171:Applied Sciences from Technology Networks 4917:"Truck Drivers and Drivers/Sales Workers" 4680:. Volvo. 2016. p. 91. Archived from 3730: 3728: 3652:Southeast Michigan Council of Governments 3332: 3330: 3093:. Oxford University Press. September 2019 2469:Learn how and when to remove this message 1606:A truck rear frame (chassis) section view 1410:"Cab beside engine" designs are used for 418:Learn how and when to remove this message 5832:) is being considered for deletion. See 4648:. Tata. 2016. p. 53. Archived from 1638:, but can be made (whole or in part) of 1101: 6462:Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010 5865:The World's Work: A History of Our Time 4808:. CNH. 2016. p. 60. Archived from 4675:"Annual and Sustainability Report 2015" 3303: 3301: 3274: 3272: 3156:. ABC – Radio Australia. Archived from 2735: 2159:letter "E" prefixing the license code. 1698:are vehicles used to steer the rear of 597:is used almost exclusively to refer to 27:Commercial or utilitarian motor vehicle 5664: 5662: 5559:. FreightOnRail.org.uk. Archived from 5155:from the original on 26 November 2023. 5122:from the original on 2 September 2023. 4989:. Oxford University Press. July 2000. 4585:"Form 10K Navistar International Corp" 4481: 4469: 4457: 4413: 4330:from the original on 27 September 2016 4318:"Truck Mixers Summary (Sales Brocure)" 4298:from the original on 27 September 2016 4278: 4007:"EU: Heavy-Duty Truck and Bus Engines" 3876: 3766: 3764: 3699:Oosting, Jonathhan (2 December 2014). 2924:Motor's Truck and Diesel Repair Manual 2879:from the original on 27 September 2018 1385:There are several cab configurations: 216:1903 Eldridge truck on display at the 6530:Minor automotive manufacturing groups 6436:Countries by motor vehicle production 4230:from the original on 27 February 2021 4192:from the original on 26 February 2021 4105:from the original on 27 February 2021 4074:from the original on 26 February 2021 3423:from the original on 19 December 2019 3370:from the original on 12 February 2007 1506:promote their own "captive" engines. 7: 6637: 5769:from the original on 5 December 2020 5681:from the original on 9 November 2018 5468:emissions from transport come from?" 4927:from the original on 11 October 2007 4841:from the original on 4 December 2016 4093:Salisbury, Mark (25 February 2021). 3989:Operators Handbook-DM, DMM, U Series 3792:from the original on 11 January 2019 3487:from the original on 3 December 2022 3417:"Asetus ajoneuvojen käytöstä tiellä" 3257:from the original on 27 January 2013 2841:from the original on 22 October 2018 1614:Pickup truck frame (right rear view) 1441:6.7L medium-duty truck diesel engine 1225:25.25 m (82 ft 10 in) 276:, and 4, 6, and 8 cylinder engines. 5391:The Real Urban Emissions Initiative 4783:from the original on 9 October 2016 4591:from the original on 9 October 2016 4539:from the original on 9 October 2016 4507:from the original on 9 October 2016 4439:from the original on 9 October 2016 3564:. US Department of Transportation. 3344:from the original on 24 August 2016 2973:Profita, Cassandra (26 June 2020). 2954:from the original on 17 August 2021 2296:Over a quarter of global transport 1515:air pollution from brakes and tires 1185:34.5 m (113 ft 2 in) 5582:Smorodin, Amy (16 November 2022). 5537:from the original on 18 April 2019 5464:"Cars, planes, trains: where do CO 5092:from the original on 30 March 2021 4967:from the original on 17 April 2019 4946:Morris, Frank (11 February 2019). 4527:"Owner's Manual 820 Wrecker/FIIIT" 4162:from the original on 19 April 2019 4135:from the original on 18 April 2019 3858:from the original on 21 April 2019 3825:from the original on 20 April 2019 3713:from the original on 16 April 2019 3627:from the original on 16 April 2019 3594:from the original on 7 August 2016 2506:Following increased pressure from 2253:Environmental effects of transport 1626:. These frames are referred to as 1565:Small trucks use the same type of 1205:16.5 m (54 ft 2 in) 919:Fire-fighting truck in Switzerland 25: 5836:to help reach a consensus. › 5799:from the original on 19 July 2020 5478:from the original on 16 June 2021 4993:from the original on 8 March 2012 4260:from the original on 9 April 2021 4154:Lambert, Fred (11 January 2019). 3908:"Cab-under trucks didn't make it" 3779:U.S. Department of Transportation 3646:Anderson, Bill (17 August 2018). 3542:from the original on 22 July 2021 3455:from the original on 27 July 2013 3393:. road-transport-technology.org. 3315:from the original on 27 July 2016 3286:from the original on 27 July 2016 3016:from the original on 14 June 2021 2835:"Autocar, Always up, Our History" 2217:, in the economics department at 1531:phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles 1099:weight on state and local roads. 1020:antenna transporter with 28 tires 975:truck hauling a Walmart container 882:) are normally around this size. 6656: 6646: 6636: 6627: 6626: 6482:Timeline of motor vehicle brands 6441:Countries by vehicles per capita 4897:from the original on 27 May 2015 4292:"Concrete Mixers (company site)" 4062:Raynal, Wes (26 February 2021). 3672:Haddad, Ken (22 February 2018). 3568:from the original on 5 June 2013 3397:from the original on 4 July 2018 3091:Oxford English Dictionary Online 2981:from the original on 9 June 2021 2900:The World Encyclopedia of Trucks 2560: 2546: 2520:InTANDEM road safety competition 2426: 2261:Exhaust fumes from a small truck 624:Often produced as variations of 372: 5622:Springer Science+Business Media 5285:"Euro 7 accused of deadly sins" 4561:. Daimler. 2016. Archived from 4432:. Galion-Godwin Truck Body Co. 4013:. November 2016. Archived from 1498:) but most global OEMs such as 322:Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa. 220:Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa. 5614:Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 4643:"70th Annual Report 2015-2015" 3943:Strohl, Daniel (27 May 2022). 3783:Federal Highway Administration 3311:. New South Wales Government. 3282:. New South Wales Government. 1591:automated manual transmissions 1578:shifts, and less clutch wear. 1533:includes trucks. According to 628:, with internal combustion or 1: 5498:"Trucks and Buses – Analysis" 5197:Particle and Fibre Toxicology 4921:Occupational Outlook Handbook 3247:"An ALMA Antenna on the Move" 3208:(in Japanese). Archived from 1634:The frame is usually made of 634:neighborhood electric vehicle 335:Rouge Electric Vehicle Center 228:designed and built the first 181:appeared in 1881, towed by a 5054:U.S. News & World Report 4861:"Commercial Drivers License" 4837:. Gov't of South Australia. 4776:. PACCAR. 2016. p. 28. 4427:"Dump Truck Operator Manual" 4349:Berg, Tom (19 August 2013). 3969:Stumpf, Rob (18 July 2017). 3811:Egan, Paul (19 April 2019). 3735:Chatti, K. (February 2009). 3613:Egan, Paul (13 March 2018). 3480:. Swedish Transport Agency. 2163:period of a normal license. 2126:Inside a Mercedes-Benz truck 1521:hauling applications. Heavy 1366:Streamlined conventional cab 579:: "small open container"). 6693:Vehicles introduced in 1895 5610:"Analysis of highway noise" 4532:. Miller Industries. 1997. 3844:Egan, Paul (1 March 2019). 3122:Online Etymology Dictionary 3075:Online Etymology Dictionary 2614:, Japanese decorated trucks 2449:, discuss the issue on the 2195:commercial driver's license 1796:List of truck manufacturers 1461:(petrol engines), but many 1270:80,000 lb (36 t) 519:as in British usage, not a 398:the claims made and adding 341:Electrically powered trucks 247:. Other companies, such as 117:Electrically powered trucks 6709: 5218:10.1186/s12989-022-00450-5 3143:Merriam-Webster Dictionary 3051:Merriam-Webster Dictionary 2346:Operator health and safety 2246: 2209:of the trucking industry. 2097:Heavy vehicle transmission 1793: 1445:Most small trucks such as 1265:80,000 lb (36 t) 1260:54,000 lb (24 t) 1250:18.75 m (62 ft) 1230:34.5 m (113 ft) 1190:34.5 m (113 ft) 1170:18.75 m (62 ft) 1152:18.75 m (62 ft) 1132:53.5 m (176 ft) 1048: 656:Canadian Electric Vehicles 608: 538: 307: 158: 31: 6622: 6477:History of the motorcycle 6467:History of the automobile 6426:Automobile sales by model 5922: 5608:C. Michael Hogan (1973). 3748:Michigan State University 2977:. National Public Radio. 2898:Davies, Peter J. (2000). 686:electric milk float truck 129:light commercial vehicles 6520:Motorcycle manufacturers 6498:Automobile manufacturers 6431:Best-selling automobiles 5834:templates for discussion 5066:"Sweatshops on Wheels." 5051:"Sweatshops on Wheels", 4891:"Hours of Service Rules" 2193:In the United States, a 2140:European driving licence 1749:trucks on public roads. 1642:for a lighter weight. A 1299: 1262:45 ft (13.7 m) 1245:16.5 m (54 ft) 1165:16.5 m (54 ft) 1147:16.5 m (54 ft) 1045:Maximum sizes by country 988:Stratos refuse compactor 172:built in 1769. However, 6688:Carriages and mountings 5021:Oxford University Press 3995:. 1988. pp. 62–64. 3251:ESO Picture of the Week 3117:20 October 2012 at the 2703:Truck art in South Asia 2658:List of military trucks 2342:retarders are allowed. 1696:Dual drive/Steer trucks 1527:hydrogen-powered trucks 1210:22 m (72 ft) 668:Mitsubishi Minicab MiEV 206:Daimler Motor-Lastwagen 6582:Automotive engineering 6012:manufacturers detailed 5759:"Heavy goods vehicles" 4987:"Sweatshops on Wheels" 2502:6.5% cause open flames 2491: 2355: 2271: 2262: 2219:Wayne State University 2190: 2189:Inside a Navistar 9000 2127: 2030: 1864:Navistar International 1801:Truck market worldwide 1785:Sales and sales issues 1615: 1607: 1562: 1554: 1469:diesel engines with a 1447:sport utility vehicles 1442: 1375: 1367: 1359: 1302:, an area for placing 1240:12 m (39 ft) 1220:24 m (79 ft) 1200:12 m (39 ft) 1180:13 m (43 ft) 1162:12 m (39 ft) 1142:12 m (39 ft) 1127:12 m (39 ft) 1067: 1037: 1021: 989: 976: 962: 920: 910: 897: 857: 844: 831: 787: 774: 761: 687: 674: 658: 630:battery electric drive 558: 550: 535:International variance 450: 337: 323: 292: 291:diesel truck from 1931 221: 209: 156: 125:gross combination mass 68:designed to transport 53: 38:Lorry (disambiguation) 34:Truck (disambiguation) 6303:List of manufacturers 6129:List of manufacturers 5982:List of manufacturers 4961:National Public Radio 3930:www.trucksales.com.au 3139:11 April 2010 at the 2663:List of pickup trucks 2628:Great West Truck Show 2489: 2353: 2268: 2260: 2243:Environmental effects 2188: 2125: 2028: 1613: 1605: 1560: 1552: 1437: 1373: 1365: 1357: 1058: 1049:Further information: 1029: 1016: 984: 970: 957: 918: 905: 892: 852: 839: 824: 782: 769: 756: 682: 666: 650: 556: 548: 539:Further information: 484:is the equivalent in 433: 329: 317: 287: 215: 204: 170:Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot 151: 48: 6572:Auto and motor shows 5789:"Blind spot mirrors" 5533:. 20 December 2018. 5023:, USA. p. 272. 4871:on 17 September 2008 4803:"2015 Annual Report" 4771:"2015 Annual Report" 4707:"Annual Report 2015" 4623:on 27 September 2016 4611:"2015 Annual Report" 4559:"Annual Report 2015" 4355:www.truckinginfo.com 3186:on 22 September 2008 3077:. 16 September 2010. 2708:Truck classification 2526:HGV safety in the EU 2512:heavy goods vehicles 2447:improve this section 2310:limit climate change 2200:US trucking industry 1116:Maximum combination 880:fire-fighting trucks 611:Truck classification 133:large goods vehicles 131:, and those over as 6525:Truck manufacturers 5916:Automotive industry 5795:. 17 October 2016. 5765:. 17 October 2016. 5707:on 1 September 2006 5630:1973WASP....2..387H 5315:Scientific American 5209:2022PFTox..19...11L 5069:The Washington Post 4389:. 29 December 2022. 4218:. 4 February 2021. 3757:on 24 October 2020. 3538:. Returnloads.net. 3069:29 May 2011 at the 3045:9 July 2017 at the 2760:on 29 November 2019 2653:Large goods vehicle 2607:Cutaway van chassis 2364:engineering control 2215:associate professor 2029:Inside a Mack truck 1807: 1729:Refrigerator trucks 896:(8th gen) in Taiwan 615:List of truck types 589:is used instead of 541:List of truck types 460:, and is common in 331:President Joe Biden 230:internal combustion 197:Internal combustion 6008:manufacturers list 5638:10.1007/BF00159677 5309:Skibell, Arianna. 5015:(24 August 2000). 5013:Belzer, Michael H. 4815:on 23 October 2016 4687:on 10 October 2016 4500:. Jerr-Dan. 2010. 4294:. McNeilus. 2016. 3851:Detroit Free Press 3818:Detroit Free Press 3620:Detroit Free Press 2948:"AutoCar Archives" 2698:Traffic congestion 2587:Articulated hauler 2582:Animal transporter 2492: 2482:Trucking accidents 2409:Damage to pavement 2356: 2308:emissions to help 2272: 2263: 2191: 2128: 2039:Gross Vehicle Mass 2031: 1945:Caminhões e Ônibus 1805: 1616: 1608: 1563: 1555: 1443: 1430:Engines and motors 1376: 1368: 1360: 1346:or semi-trailers. 1068: 1038: 1022: 990: 977: 963: 921: 911: 898: 858: 845: 832: 788: 775: 762: 736:Mitsubishi Minicab 688: 675: 659: 559: 551: 451: 383:possibly contains 338: 324: 293: 222: 210: 157: 123:, vehicles with a 94:suction excavators 54: 6670: 6669: 6577:Automotive design 6515:Bus manufacturers 6508:by parent company 6446:Top manufacturers 6414: 6413: 5736:on 18 August 2016 5563:on 20 August 2008 5472:Our World in Data 5416:Grattan Institute 5086:www.fmcsa.dot.gov 5040:978-0-19-512886-4 4751:on 9 October 2016 4719:on 9 October 2016 4655:on 9 October 2016 4565:on 2 October 2016 4484:, pp. 46–47. 4472:, pp. 32–33. 4460:, pp. 28–29. 4416:, pp. 34–35. 4323:. Stetter. 2016. 4281:, pp. 30–31. 4131:. 17 April 2019. 3912:Historic Vehicles 3879:, pp. 58–61. 3124:16 September 2010 2490:Trucking accident 2479: 2478: 2471: 2395:Operations issues 2384:positive pressure 2358:A truck cab is a 2221:and co-author of 2211:Michael H. Belzer 2010: 2009: 1412:terminal tractors 1374:Cab beside engine 1280:State of Michigan 1276: 1275: 1042: 1041: 994: 993: 925: 924: 862: 861: 792: 791: 692: 691: 439:Finlayson factory 428: 427: 420: 385:original research 274:electric starters 16:(Redirected from 6700: 6660: 6650: 6649: 6640: 6639: 6630: 6629: 6602:list of vehicles 5947: 5909: 5902: 5895: 5886: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5785: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5755: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5735: 5723: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5703:. Archived from 5697: 5691: 5690: 5688: 5686: 5666: 5657: 5656: 5654: 5652: 5605: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5594: 5579: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5568: 5553: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5542: 5519: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5508: 5494: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5449: 5434: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5423: 5418:. 28 August 2022 5408: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5372: 5367:. 4 October 2022 5357: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5346: 5332: 5326: 5325: 5323: 5321: 5306: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5289:www.euractiv.com 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5255: 5249: 5248: 5238: 5220: 5188: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5146:10.7922/G2HM56SV 5139: 5130: 5124: 5123: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5078: 5072: 5064: 5058: 5049: 5043: 5034: 5009: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4972: 4952: 4943: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4887: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4867:. Archived from 4857: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4831: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4820: 4814: 4807: 4799: 4793: 4792: 4790: 4788: 4782: 4775: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4756: 4750: 4743: 4735: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4718: 4711: 4703: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4692: 4686: 4679: 4671: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4654: 4647: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4630: 4628: 4622: 4615: 4607: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4596: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4555: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4538: 4531: 4523: 4517: 4516: 4514: 4512: 4506: 4499: 4491: 4485: 4479: 4473: 4467: 4461: 4455: 4449: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4438: 4431: 4423: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4404: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4379: 4373: 4372: 4365: 4359: 4358: 4346: 4340: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4329: 4322: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4288: 4282: 4276: 4270: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4256:. 8 April 2021. 4246: 4240: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4151: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3966: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3949:www.hemmings.com 3940: 3934: 3933: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3904: 3898: 3895: 3889: 3886: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3791: 3785:. 15 June 2015. 3776: 3768: 3759: 3758: 3756: 3741: 3732: 3723: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3680:on 16 April 2019 3676:. Archived from 3669: 3663: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3643: 3637: 3636: 3634: 3632: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3573: 3558: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3547: 3537: 3529: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3503: 3497: 3496: 3494: 3492: 3486: 3479: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3454: 3447: 3439: 3433: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3386: 3380: 3379: 3377: 3375: 3360: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3334: 3325: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3305: 3296: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3276: 3267: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3243: 3237: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3212:on 9 August 2020 3202: 3196: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3182:. Archived from 3176: 3170: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3160:on 29 March 2012 3150: 3144: 3131: 3125: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3084: 3078: 3060: 3054: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3023: 3021: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2988: 2986: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2920: 2914: 2913: 2895: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2837:. Autocar, LLC. 2831: 2825: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2811:. 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Archived from 2748: 2740: 2693:Terminal tractor 2678:Multi-stop truck 2592:Autonomous truck 2570: 2565: 2564: 2563: 2556: 2554:Transport portal 2551: 2550: 2474: 2467: 2463: 2460: 2454: 2430: 2429: 2422: 2336:noise regulation 2315:With respect to 2033:In Australia, a 1933:Volkswagen Group 1808: 1575:double-clutching 1459:gasoline engines 1113:With one trailer 1110:with three axles 1102: 1009: 1008: 950: 949: 885: 884: 817: 816: 749: 748: 671:battery-electric 643: 642: 458:American English 435:Mannesmann Mulag 423: 416: 412: 409: 403: 400:inline citations 376: 375: 368: 238:Gottlieb Daimler 185:manufactured by 109:gasoline engines 21: 6708: 6707: 6703: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6698: 6697: 6673: 6672: 6671: 6666: 6618: 6560: 6534: 6486: 6450: 6410: 6382: 6347: 6307: 6133: 5986: 5936: 5918: 5913: 5875: 5873: 5857: 5837: 5818: 5813: 5812: 5802: 5800: 5787: 5786: 5782: 5772: 5770: 5757: 5756: 5749: 5739: 5737: 5733: 5725: 5724: 5720: 5710: 5708: 5699: 5698: 5694: 5684: 5682: 5668: 5667: 5660: 5650: 5648: 5607: 5606: 5602: 5592: 5590: 5581: 5580: 5576: 5566: 5564: 5555: 5554: 5550: 5540: 5538: 5526: 5521: 5520: 5516: 5506: 5504: 5496: 5495: 5491: 5481: 5479: 5467: 5462: 5461: 5457: 5447: 5445: 5442:Motor Transport 5436: 5435: 5431: 5421: 5419: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5385: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5359: 5358: 5354: 5344: 5342: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5319: 5317: 5308: 5307: 5303: 5293: 5291: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5257: 5256: 5252: 5190: 5189: 5185: 5175: 5173: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5152: 5137: 5132: 5131: 5127: 5110: 5109: 5105: 5095: 5093: 5080: 5079: 5075: 5065: 5061: 5050: 5046: 5031: 5011: 5010: 5006: 4996: 4994: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4970: 4968: 4956:Morning edition 4950: 4945: 4944: 4940: 4930: 4928: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4900: 4898: 4889: 4888: 4884: 4874: 4872: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4844: 4842: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4805: 4801: 4800: 4796: 4786: 4784: 4780: 4773: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4754: 4752: 4748: 4741: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4722: 4720: 4716: 4709: 4705: 4704: 4700: 4690: 4688: 4684: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4668: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4645: 4641: 4640: 4636: 4626: 4624: 4620: 4613: 4609: 4608: 4604: 4594: 4592: 4583: 4582: 4578: 4568: 4566: 4557: 4556: 4552: 4542: 4540: 4536: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4520: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4493: 4492: 4488: 4480: 4476: 4468: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4436: 4429: 4425: 4424: 4420: 4412: 4408: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4381: 4380: 4376: 4371:. 9 March 2021. 4367: 4366: 4362: 4348: 4347: 4343: 4333: 4331: 4327: 4320: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4301: 4299: 4290: 4289: 4285: 4277: 4273: 4263: 4261: 4248: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4231: 4210: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4180: 4179: 4175: 4165: 4163: 4153: 4152: 4148: 4138: 4136: 4123: 4122: 4118: 4108: 4106: 4092: 4091: 4087: 4077: 4075: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4046: 4044: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4017:on 11 July 2018 4005: 4004: 4000: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3968: 3967: 3963: 3953: 3951: 3942: 3941: 3937: 3924: 3923: 3919: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3896: 3892: 3887: 3883: 3875: 3871: 3861: 3859: 3843: 3842: 3838: 3828: 3826: 3810: 3809: 3805: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3774: 3770: 3769: 3762: 3754: 3739: 3734: 3733: 3726: 3716: 3714: 3698: 3697: 3693: 3683: 3681: 3671: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3654: 3645: 3644: 3640: 3630: 3628: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3597: 3595: 3586: 3585: 3581: 3571: 3569: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3545: 3543: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3505: 3504: 3500: 3490: 3488: 3484: 3477: 3473: 3472: 3468: 3458: 3456: 3452: 3445: 3441: 3440: 3436: 3426: 3424: 3415: 3414: 3410: 3400: 3398: 3388: 3387: 3383: 3373: 3371: 3362: 3361: 3357: 3347: 3345: 3336: 3335: 3328: 3318: 3316: 3307: 3306: 3299: 3289: 3287: 3278: 3277: 3270: 3260: 3258: 3245: 3244: 3240: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3189: 3187: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3163: 3161: 3154:"The First Ute" 3152: 3151: 3147: 3141:Wayback Machine 3132: 3128: 3119:Wayback Machine 3110: 3106: 3096: 3094: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3071:Wayback Machine 3061: 3057: 3047:Wayback Machine 3037: 3033: 3019: 3017: 3003: 3002: 2998: 2992:zero-emissions. 2984: 2982: 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802:driving licence 797: 697: 622: 617: 607: 543: 537: 486:British English 424: 413: 407: 404: 389: 377: 373: 366: 312: 306: 304:Electric motors 282: 199: 163: 146: 141: 90:concrete mixers 41: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6706: 6704: 6696: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6675: 6674: 6668: 6667: 6665: 6664: 6654: 6644: 6634: 6623: 6620: 6619: 6617: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6605: 6604: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6568: 6566: 6565:Related topics 6562: 6561: 6559: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6542: 6540: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6511: 6510: 6505: 6494: 6492: 6488: 6487: 6485: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6458: 6456: 6452: 6451: 6449: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6422: 6420: 6416: 6415: 6412: 6411: 6409: 6408: 6403: 6402: 6401: 6390: 6388: 6384: 6383: 6381: 6380: 6379: 6378: 6368: 6367: 6366: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6348: 6346: 6345: 6344: 6343: 6333: 6328: 6327: 6326: 6315: 6313: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6305: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6291:United Kingdom 6288: 6283: 6282: 6281: 6271: 6270: 6269: 6259: 6254: 6249: 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4241: 4203: 4186:ww2.arb.ca.gov 4173: 4146: 4116: 4085: 4054: 4028: 3998: 3980: 3961: 3935: 3917: 3899: 3890: 3881: 3869: 3836: 3803: 3760: 3724: 3691: 3664: 3638: 3605: 3579: 3553: 3524: 3498: 3466: 3434: 3408: 3381: 3355: 3326: 3297: 3268: 3238: 3236:20 August 2015 3223: 3197: 3171: 3145: 3126: 3104: 3079: 3055: 3031: 2996: 2965: 2939: 2932: 2915: 2908: 2890: 2875:. Daimler AG. 2864: 2852: 2826: 2796: 2771: 2734: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2683:Roll-off truck 2680: 2675: 2670: 2668:List of trucks 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2571: 2557: 2541: 2538: 2527: 2524: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2441:of the subject 2439:worldwide view 2434: 2432: 2425: 2419: 2416: 2410: 2407: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2360:hazard control 2347: 2344: 2340:engine braking 2305: 2299: 2280:diesel exhaust 2249:Diesel exhaust 2244: 2241: 2240: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2182: 2179: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2171: 2151: 2148: 2132:European Union 2119: 2116: 2099: 2098: 2094: 2093: 2083: 2073: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2060: 2054: 2047: 2046: 2022: 2019: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2007: 2004: 1999: 1995: 1994: 1991: 1969: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1956: 1952: 1951: 1948: 1930: 1926: 1925: 1922: 1900: 1896: 1895: 1892: 1887: 1883: 1882: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1869: 1866: 1861: 1857: 1856: 1853: 1823: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1802: 1799: 1794:Main article: 1791: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1715:Flatbed trucks 1655: 1652: 1599: 1596: 1546: 1543: 1482:Detroit Diesel 1463:diesel engined 1431: 1428: 1420: 1419: 1416:shipping yards 1408: 1401: 1398: 1351: 1348: 1306:or equipment, 1291: 1288: 1278:Uniquely, the 1274: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1252: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1172: 1171: 1166: 1163: 1158: 1154: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1106: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1023: 1006:mining truck. 998: 995: 992: 991: 978: 964: 929: 926: 923: 922: 912: 899: 876:garbage trucks 866: 863: 860: 859: 846: 833: 796: 793: 790: 789: 784:Tata Super Ace 776: 763: 758:Piaggio Porter 720:Daihatsu Hijet 696: 693: 690: 689: 676: 660: 621: 618: 606: 603: 536: 533: 513:rail transport 426: 425: 380: 378: 371: 365: 362: 345:Autocar Trucks 310:Electric truck 308:Main article: 305: 302: 281: 280:Diesel engines 278: 198: 195: 187:De Dion-Bouton 159:Main article: 145: 142: 140: 137: 121:European Union 105:diesel engines 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6705: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6663: 6659: 6655: 6653: 6645: 6643: 6635: 6633: 6625: 6624: 6621: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6603: 6600: 6599: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6569: 6567: 6563: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6543: 6541: 6539:Organisations 6537: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6500: 6499: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6491:Manufacturers 6489: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6453: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6417: 6407: 6404: 6400: 6399:manufacturers 6397: 6396: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6385: 6377: 6376:manufacturers 6374: 6373: 6372: 6369: 6365: 6364:manufacturers 6362: 6361: 6360: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352:South America 6350: 6342: 6341:manufacturers 6339: 6338: 6337: 6336:United States 6334: 6332: 6329: 6325: 6324:manufacturers 6322: 6321: 6320: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6312:North America 6310: 6304: 6301: 6297: 6296:manufacturers 6294: 6293: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6280: 6279:manufacturers 6277: 6276: 6275: 6272: 6268: 6267:manufacturers 6265: 6264: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6246: 6245:manufacturers 6243: 6242: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6229: 6228:manufacturers 6226: 6225: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6212: 6211:manufacturers 6209: 6208: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6190: 6189:manufacturers 6187: 6186: 6185: 6182: 6178: 6177:manufacturers 6175: 6174: 6173: 6170: 6166: 6165:manufacturers 6163: 6162: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6136: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6103: 6102:manufacturers 6100: 6099: 6098: 6095: 6091: 6090:manufacturers 6088: 6087: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6059: 6058:manufacturers 6056: 6055: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6046:manufacturers 6044: 6043: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6025: 6024:manufacturers 6022: 6021: 6020: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6006: 6005: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5989: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5954: 5952: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5939: 5933: 5932:Motor vehicle 5930: 5928: 5925: 5924: 5921: 5917: 5910: 5905: 5903: 5898: 5896: 5891: 5890: 5887: 5871: 5867: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5840: 5835: 5831: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5819: 5815: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5784: 5781: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5752: 5748: 5732: 5728: 5722: 5719: 5706: 5702: 5696: 5693: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5665: 5663: 5659: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5604: 5601: 5589: 5585: 5578: 5575: 5562: 5558: 5552: 5549: 5536: 5532: 5528: 5518: 5515: 5503: 5499: 5493: 5490: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5459: 5456: 5444:. 30 May 2019 5443: 5439: 5433: 5430: 5417: 5413: 5407: 5404: 5392: 5388: 5382: 5379: 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4459: 4458:Davies (2000) 4454: 4451: 4435: 4428: 4422: 4419: 4415: 4414:Davies (2000) 4410: 4407: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4388: 4384: 4378: 4375: 4370: 4364: 4361: 4356: 4352: 4345: 4342: 4326: 4319: 4313: 4310: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4284: 4280: 4279:Davies (2000) 4275: 4272: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4245: 4242: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4216:The Economist 4213: 4207: 4204: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4177: 4174: 4161: 4157: 4150: 4147: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4117: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4089: 4086: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4058: 4055: 4043: 4039: 4032: 4029: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3999: 3994: 3990: 3984: 3981: 3976: 3972: 3965: 3962: 3950: 3946: 3939: 3936: 3931: 3927: 3921: 3918: 3913: 3909: 3903: 3900: 3894: 3891: 3885: 3882: 3878: 3877:Davies (2000) 3873: 3870: 3857: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3840: 3837: 3824: 3820: 3819: 3814: 3807: 3804: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3773: 3767: 3765: 3761: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3738: 3731: 3729: 3725: 3712: 3708: 3707: 3702: 3695: 3692: 3679: 3675: 3668: 3665: 3653: 3649: 3642: 3639: 3626: 3622: 3621: 3616: 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941:tractor units 939: 935: 927: 917: 913: 908: 904: 900: 895: 891: 887: 886: 883: 881: 877: 873: 864: 855: 851: 847: 842: 838: 834: 830: 827: 823: 819: 818: 815: 813: 809: 808:Pickup trucks 805: 803: 794: 785: 781: 777: 772: 768: 764: 759: 755: 751: 750: 747: 745: 741: 740:Subaru Sambar 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 716: 713: 708: 706: 702: 694: 685: 681: 677: 672: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 652:Might-E Truck 649: 645: 644: 641: 639: 635: 631: 627: 619: 616: 612: 605:Types by size 604: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 585: 580: 578: 574: 570: 569: 563: 555: 547: 542: 534: 532: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 509: 505: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 448: 444: 440: 437:truck at the 436: 432: 422: 419: 411: 408:February 2020 401: 397: 393: 387: 386: 381:This section 379: 370: 369: 363: 361: 358: 354: 353:pushback tugs 350: 346: 342: 336: 332: 328: 321: 316: 311: 303: 301: 298: 297:diesel engine 290: 286: 279: 277: 275: 271: 267: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 243: 242:Daimler Motor 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EUR-Lex. 3088:"lurry, v." 2819:6 September 2718:Truck scale 2568:Cars portal 2459:August 2024 2045:Combination 1903:Volvo Group 1762:Tank trucks 1707:Dump trucks 1668:Chassis cab 1648:fifth wheel 1571:synchromesh 1475:intercooler 1467:four-stroke 1439:Cummins ISB 1405:streamlined 1093:combination 1073:road trains 894:Fuso Canter 872:dump trucks 826:Ford Ranger 804:for cars. 732:Mazda Scrum 684:Dairy Crest 620:Ultra light 517:goods wagon 470:New Zealand 456:is used in 357:chemistries 191:World War I 161:Steam wagon 155:steam wagon 86:fire trucks 78:automobiles 6677:Categories 6587:Drive time 6119:Uzbekistan 5998:Bangladesh 5942:By country 5685:9 November 5527:emissions" 4931:25 January 4819:23 October 4099:FleetPoint 4042:trans.info 4021:15 October 3491:3 December 3427:2 December 3419:. Finlex. 3190:31 January 3180:"49CFR571" 3097:1 December 2845:21 October 2744:"Glossary" 2730:References 2723:Truck stop 2648:Haul truck 2638:Hand truck 2618:Food truck 2247:See also: 1850:BharatBenz 1826:Daimler AG 1677:fire-truck 1660:Box trucks 1654:Body types 1545:Drivetrain 1504:Daimler AG 1485:two stroke 1340:electrical 1324:drivetrain 1316:roadwheels 1312:suspension 1064:road train 1061:Mack Titan 1051:Road train 760:in Palmero 724:Honda Acty 695:Very light 638:Zap Motors 609:See also: 392:improve it 6609:Debadging 6597:Rebadging 6394:Australia 6359:Argentina 6031:Indonesia 5872:: 268–187 5711:18 August 5646:109914430 5227:1743-8977 5203:(1): 11. 4224:0013-0613 4011:DieselNet 3975:The Drive 2809:About.com 2688:Tail lift 2643:Kei truck 2633:Gun truck 2602:Campervan 2577:Air brake 2508:The Times 2451:talk page 2302:emissions 2021:Australia 1984:Peterbilt 1919:UD Nissan 1721:stakebody 1681:ambulance 1587:Automatic 1332:hydraulic 1328:Pneumatic 1286:in 2019. 1121:Australia 907:SML 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