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751:'s visit. Rumours have it that the Kaiser insisted on entering the city mounted on his white horse, or, according to some, in his carriage. Local legend said that Jerusalem would be ruled by a king who entered the city's gates on a white horse, so to satisfy the emperor's vanity and avoid the fate foretold by legend, a breach was made in the wall rather than allow him to ride through a gate. As the demolished wall segment was standing inside the citadel moat, a portion of the moat was filled in, creating the ramp that allowed the Emperor to access the breach and enter the city on his horse (or in his carriage). This was one of many other large projects undertaken across the Land in his honour. Contemporaneous accounts of the Emperor's entry, and the Ottoman authorities' destruction of the wall adjacent to the Jaffa Gate, were written by
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city wall was continuous at that point, although the wall segment between the citadel and the gate tower was much lower, because a moat ran around the citadel, and the city wall at that point was constructed from the bottom of the moat up. Therefore, even though the overall height of that wall segment was presumably the same as the rest of the city wall's, therefore providing a similar level of protection from invaders, the top of the wall segment only reached about two metres above the moat, a much lower elevation than both the adjacent city wall and citadel. The breach was made by the
Ottoman authorities ahead of Emperor
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The
British authorities attempted to recreate the historical aspect of the 16th-century city walls and gates and considered the clock tower to be an unaesthetic, disfiguring addition. As part of the same general plan, all recent buildings set against the city walls and gates were demolished as well.
886:
The gate's location is determined by the city's topography. It stands at the point where the valley followed by Jaffa Road meets the city wall at the upper end of the
Transversal Valley, which bisects the Old City in a roughly westâeast direction, between the northwest ridge and the southwest hill
779:
Just inside the gate, behind an iron grating on the left, lie two tombs. These belong to two
Ottoman-era notables, but a folk legend attributes them to the two architects whom Suleiman commissioned to construct the Old City walls. According to legend, when Suleiman saw that the architects had left
561:
The
Turkish clock tower was knocked down by the British in 1922 – for aesthetic reasons, although some believe it was rather meant as a measure to push forward the Westernisation of Palestine, starting with timekeeping. The clock itself was re-erected on a modern, less decorated tower at the
382:
Adjacent to the old gate tower (the 1538 Jaffa Gate proper, which is used only by pedestrians), is a wide breach in the wall, through which the roadway passes. This breach is located between the gate tower and the citadel/Tower of David. Photographs from circa 1870 to 1890 show that originally the
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completed a two-month restoration and cleaning of Jaffa Gate as part of a $ 4 million project begun in 2007 to renovate the length of the Old City walls. The clean-up included replacing broken stones, cleaning the walls of decades of car exhaust, and reattaching an elaborate Arabic inscription
466:
can still be seen rising from ground level, upon which were added smaller stones in a later period, which added significantly to its height. The site contains important archaeological finds dating back 2,700 years, and is a venue for benefit events, craft shows, concerts, and sound-and-light
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embarked on his sea journey and pilgrims debarked on their trip to the Holy City. Now the name Jaffa Road is only used for the city street going through the city of
Jerusalem outside the historical Old City, while the multi-lane modern road further connecting it westwards with
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The testimonies of the tenth-century Muslim geographers identify the Tower itself with the prayer place of King David (Mihrab Dawud), that was mentioned in the Qur'an...(9) ... At the top is a construction which resembles a room and that is the
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135:
761:, in his regular column titled "Letters from Jerusalem", on a number of occasions (e.g., 3 Tamuz, 5658, Hebrew equivalent of June 23, 1898; "middle of Av, 5658" â roughly end of July, 1898; and 28 Elul, 5658 â September 15, 1898).
927:
Jaffa Gate is heavily used by pedestrians and vehicles alike. In the early 2000s (decade), the road straddling the gate was moved further west and a plaza constructed in its stead to connect Jaffa Gate with the soon-to-be-built
899:: David Street, continued by the Street of the Chain. The Transversal Valley with the two streets separates the city into a northern and a southern half, with the Christian and Muslim Quarters to the north, and Armenian and
547:. It stood 13 feet tall, and was topped by four clock faces, oriented to the cardinal compass points. The eastern and western faces showed official time (European time) while the northern and southern faces showed the local
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Like the stones used for the rest of the Old City walls, the stones of Jaffa Gate are large, hewn, sand-colored blocks. The entryway stands about 20 feet (6.1 meters) high, and the wall rises another 20 feet above that.
1249:
and archaeologist Geva proposed that the tower known as
Hippicus be identified with the "Tower of David," this proposal was not accepted by archaeologists J. Fergusson, Thomas Lewin, Schick, G. A. Smith, C. Warren and
422:. Built to strengthen a strategically weak point in the Old City's defenses, the citadel that stands today was constructed during the 2nd century BCE and subsequently destroyed and rebuilt by, in succession, the
827:, Israeli forces fought hard to connect the Jewish Quarter of the Old City with Israeli-held western Jerusalem by controlling the Jaffa Gate. Israeli forces were not able to gain control of the gate until the
501:; but because of the high cost of 20,000 francs and the poverty of the city, the money was not raised in time, and the clock tower was not completed until 1908. The clock mechanism was delivered by the famous
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In 1944 the
British demolished the row of houses erected against the outer face of the city wall leading down to Jaffa gate from the north, in an attempt to preserve Jerusalem's historic vistas.
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of
Germany's visit to the city and allowed him and his retinue to comfortably enter Jerusalem riding on horses and in carriages. Part of the moat also had to be filled in for the purpose.
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system. The
British said that the clock tower was destroyed for aesthetic reasons, although some suggest it was done in order to impose the European time system and modernize Palestine.
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After the destruction of Jerusalem and the killing or enslavement of its Jewish population by the Roman Empire in 132 CE, Emperor Hadrian had the city rebuilt as a Roman city called
280:, "the beloved of God". Since by tradition the burial site of Ibrahim/Abraham is in Hebron, whose Arabic name is el-Khalil, so the Arabic name for the Jaffa Gate translates as "
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outside of the enclosure, he ordered them executed. However, in deference to their impressive achievement, he had them buried inside the walls next to Jaffa Gate.
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964:
A panoramic view of the modern Gate's plaza. Note the gap in the walls, created for Kaiser Wilhelm's visit in 1898, now used for vehicular access to the Old City.
618:. It was designed specifically for tourists and passersby on their way to and exiting the Old City. The pavilion was demolished six years after it was erected.
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There were voices in the French press going against this demolition. The Kaiser verbally opposed the Turkish initiative, to which the German ambassador to the
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The L-shape of the historical gateway was a classical defensive measure designed to slow oncoming attackers, with its outer gate oriented in the direction of
210:
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540:. The fact that the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem was selected for the clock tower indicates the gate's importance at the time, even more than the Damascus Gate.
1998:
915:
1665:. Volume 2 of Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem: Conducted by Nahman Avigad, 1969â1982. Israel Exploration Society. p. 503.
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The Bezalel Pavilion near Jaffa Gate was a tin-plated wooden structure with a jagged roof and tower, built in 1912 as a shop and showroom of the
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sent a soothing written reply to Berlin, reassuring his monarch that this was just the implementation of long-standing infrastructure plans.
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Outside the 1898 breach in the city wall at Jaffa Gate, on its southern side and near the Bezalel Pavilion, was the so-called "Sultan's
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conquerors of Jerusalem. The strong bulwarks still seen today surrounding the base of the tower are believed to have been built by king
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was built on top of Jaffa Gate historical gate tower. Apart from serving the developing business district in the upper part of the
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In 1898, a breach was made through the wall connecting the citadel with the gate tower that constituted the Jaffa Gate, ahead of
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1447:, 27 September 1934, p. 6 (via National Library of Israel, Tel Aviv University: JPress â collection of historical Jewish press)
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1989:
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gate from 1538, and for the wide gap in the city wall adjacent to it to the south. The old gate has the layout of a medieval
719:, a marker outside the doorway served as the zero point for distances to and from Jerusalem. There is no such marker today.
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Conrad Schick's diagram of the breach in the wall of Jerusalem at Jaffa Gate made in 1898 for the visit of Kaiser Wilhelm
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Western Jerusalem at the End of the First Temple Period in Light of the Excavations in the Jewish Quarter: Introduction
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1964:
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891:. Inside the city, there are two streets today that follow the Transversal Valley eastward, down into the Central or
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made the tower his place of residence. Of the original tower itself, some sixteen courses of the original stone
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2013:
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874:). A tourist information office and shops line the square. The entrance to the Muslim Quarter is part of the
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1699:. Symposium Series (Society of Biblical Literature), No. 18. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 183.
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177:
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1662:
Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem: The finds from areas A, W, and Xâ2: final report
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2008:
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1427:...on two sides showed the time in the European style and on the other two sides showed the time in the
1254:, who held that the tower of Phasael should be identified with the "Tower of David," based on its size.
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The breach in the wall was created in 1898 by the Ottoman authorities in order to allow German emperor
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erected at the gate's original dedication in 1593. Bullet fragments in the gate, from fighting in the
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to the south of Jaffa Gate, also built a gate behind the present location of Jaffa Gate, calling it "
138:
87:
1781:"The 1,800 Year Old High-Level Aqueduct of Jerusalem was Exposed Next to Jaffa Gate in the Old City"
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in a show of respect for the city and a desire to avoid comparison with the Kaiser's entry in 1898.
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2714:
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1901:
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entered the Old City through the Jaffa Gate, giving a speech at the nearby Tower of David. Allenby
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In Laudem Hierosolymitani: Studies in Crusades and Medieval Culture in Honour of Benjamin Z. Kedar
598:", built in 1900 or shortly before that. It, too, was removed in 1921 by the British authorities.
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Seven such clock towers were erected in what are now Israel and the Palestinian Territories â in
262:
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1510:. Volume 3 of Reiseliteratur und Kulturanthropologie. MĂźnster: LIT Verlag. pp. 59â81 (71).
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These two Ottoman tombs are attributed by a local legend to the architects of the Old City walls
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220:, from which travellers including pilgrims arrived at the end of their journey from the port of
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493:, it was meant to be one of approximately one hundred such clock towers built throughout the
213:. The breach and the ramp leading to it now allow cars to access the Old City from the west.
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with an L-shaped entryway, which was secured at both ends (north and east) with heavy doors.
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In the 20th century, the plaza outside the Jaffa Gate served the same purpose. During the
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The clock tower was built of limestone quarried (a minor quarry activity) from the nearby
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Jaffa Gate was inaugurated in 1538 as part of the rebuilding of the Old City walls by
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came through Jaffa Gate to the Old City during his visit in Israel in the Holy Year.
712:. This pillar appears to have fallen or been demolished during the Byzantine period.
705:
558:. Above the clock faces was a bell and the crescent-and-star symbol of Ottoman rule.
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was the starting point for measurements to other cities, as indicated in the mosaic
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Aquarell â Ălbild â Fotografie, JerusalemzĂźge deutscher Regeten im medialen Wandel
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944:, were preserved. Infrastructure work beside Jaffa Gate also uncovered an ancient
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1406:"Treasure Trove goes back in time, to an obscure system of Ottoman timekeeping"
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Inscription on the wall adjacent to, and north of, the outer gate, praising
1364:...one reads the inscription:--"Dent, Cockspur Street, London" on the dial.
17:
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In 1907 a clock was placed on the roof of the gate, and in 1908 an ornate
2485:
2406:
1486:
1467:
Breach in the city wall of Jerusalem, between Jaffa Gate and the Citadel.
1288:
1265:
The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700
1035:"Frankish Castles, Muslim Castles, and the Medieval Citadel of Jerusalem"
525:
339:
1240:
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2558:
1608:
1415:
1120:
1069:, xxxviii. 21: "...they ascended over the wall into the upper chamber (
506:
463:
411:
308:
277:
134:
1905:
570:; this British-built tower was itself ultimately demolished in 1934.
529:
431:
427:
290:
284:". The Hebrew name Hebron derives from the term ××ר haver, âfriendâ.
1580:"Edmund Allenby Entering Jaffa Gate, Jerusalem â Signed Photograph"
1693:
Geva, Hillel (2003). Vaughn, Andrew G.; Killebrew, Ann E. (eds.).
1267:, Oxford University Press (5th edition), New York 2008, pp. 23â25
1227:
Geva, Hillel (1981). "The 'Tower of David'âPhasael or Hippicus?".
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133:
1807:
Mashiah A., Avraham Y., Kacho E., Avrahami M., Yogev A. (2008).
1147:"[Interior of Jaffa Gate from near Hotel Mediterranean]"
696:
The site of Kilometre Zero, at the plaza in front of Jaffa Gate.
324:
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1855:
248:
Both the Jaffa Gate and Jaffa Road are named after the port of
875:
625:
194:
The name Jaffa Gate is currently used for both the historical
2877:
858:
Inside Jaffa Gate is a small square with entrances to the
497:
in 1900 in celebration of the 25th year of rule of Sultan
1504:
Briese, Olaf (2004). Katrin Callsen; et al. (eds.).
1117:"Jerusalem reopens Jaffa Gate after two-month renovation"
986:. Jerusalem: The Jerusalem Publishing House. p. 121.
442:, in memorial of his brother, and was formerly named the
1609:"Demolition at Jaffa Gate to clear city wall, July 1944"
586:
The striped round kiosk on the right housed the Ottoman
1809:
Conserving the Engineersâ Tombs in the Jaffa Gate Plaza
307:
represented the "private chamber" or "prayer room" of
1635:
Among the Holy Places: A Pilgrimage Through Palestine
1010:"Quran, compare translations: Surah 38. Sad, Ayah 21"
481:
The Ottoman clock tower stood between 1908 and 1922.
182:
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2007:
1983:
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1927:
1918:
1089:"The Re-Inauguration of Jaffa Gate in the Old City"
93:
83:
78:
32:
1275:; with an illustration showing the contour of the
2327:Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East
755:, a contributor to the Hebrew-language newspaper
1165:"[The Jaffa Gate, Jerusalem, Holy Land]"
1613:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
1342:"Jerusalem's New Clock Tower at the Jaffa Gate"
187:, "Hebron Gate") is one of the seven main open
1464:Fund, The Palestine Exploration (2010-09-30),
311:Dawud, which is specifically mentioned in the
2893:
1867:
287:In medieval times the Arabs called this gate
8:
704:, and a tall pillar in the plaza inside the
505:of London, the creators of the clockwork of
414:located near the Jaffa Gate entrance to the
276:, literally "Gate of the Friend", refers to
1999:Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus
1659:Avigad, Nahman; Geva, Hillel, eds. (2000).
1305:
1303:
660:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3084:Buildings and structures completed in 1898
3011:
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2004:
1980:
1924:
1874:
1860:
1852:
1279:walls, and walls built in later centuries.
29:
1111:
1109:
680:Learn how and when to remove this message
1399:
1397:
1182:
1180:
1178:
303:", on the belief that the room atop the
974:
948:dating from the 2nd or 3rd century AD.
1737:
1727:
1540:
1530:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1083:
1081:
800:Allenby enters the Jaffa Gate on foot
622:Kilometre Zero of Mandatory Palestine
610:The Bezalel Pavilion near Jaffa Gate.
396:The Citadel, aka the "Tower of David"
7:
1756:"Jerusalem's Jaffa Gate is reopened"
658:adding citations to reliable sources
3089:Gates in Jerusalem's Old City Walls
2090:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans
451:
172:
152:
2097:Church of Saint Mary of the Latins
1404:Matlow, David (18 February 2024).
1073:), when they went in unto David...
850:View of Jaffa Gate (left) and the
189:gates of the Old City of Jerusalem
62:
25:
2805:Remnants or rebuilt buildings in
566:near the British Post Office and
27:Gate of the Old City of Jerusalem
3059:
2860:
2848:
2836:
2824:
2812:
2390:
2204:Church of Saint John the Baptist
2084:Church of Saint James Intercisus
953:
630:
367:Jaffa Gate from northwest (1891)
61:
54:
38:
1145:Bonfils, FĂŠlix (12 June 1870).
335:is known as the Prophet Dawud.
2642:Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque
2056:Convent of the Sisters of Zion
2027:Monastery of the Flagellation
984:Illustrated guide to Jerusalem
1:
2940:Yitzhak Navon railway station
2248:Church of the Holy Archangels
2151:Church of Our Lady of Sorrows
2133:Cathedral of the Annunciation
1584:Shapell Manuscript Collection
717:British Mandate for Palestine
2358:Protestant Church in Germany
1939:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
1817:Israel Antiquities Authority
1785:Israel Antiquities Authority
1123:. 2010-04-21. Archived from
1093:Israel Antiquities Authority
937:Israel Antiquities Authority
842:Location within the Old City
3094:Historic sites in Jerusalem
1965:New Church of the Theotokos
183:
163:
3110:
2502:Surrounding streets, roads
2036:Church of the Flagellation
2031:Church of the Condemnation
2023:Monastery of Saint Saviour
1487:"×ר×׊××× ×Š×ת××× / ×××××××"
1313:Jerusalem: City of Longing
1229:Israel Exploration Journal
1206:Palestine Exploration Fund
1033:Ellenblum, Ronnie (2016).
923:Inside Jaffa Gate (video).
399:
211:enter the city triumphally
3057:
3023:
3014:
2928:
2919:
2915:
2801:
2784:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue
2745:Four Sephardic Synagogues
2389:
2384:
2066:Church of the Holy Family
2043:Chapel of Simon of Cyrene
1897:
1760:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
1648:– via Google Books.
866:(straight ahead) and the
804:In 1917, British general
749:German Emperor Wilhelm II
252:, from which the Prophet
70:Location in Old Jerusalem
49:
37:
2243:Cathedral of Saint James
1823:Photos of the Jaffa Gate
1787:Press Office. 2010-02-19
1638:. Kessinger Publishing.
1561:. Jerusalem Municipality
1411:The Canadian Jewish News
1318:Harvard University Press
1310:Goldhill, Simon (2009).
1263:Jerome Murphy-O'Connor,
870:(to the right, past the
810:entered the city on foot
734:Suleiman the Magnificent
2843:Christianity portal
2765:Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue
2490:Double, Single, Tanners
2271:Monastery of Saint Mark
1840:Jaffa Gate virtual tour
1813:Conservation Department
1377:"Jerusalem Clock Tower"
1245:While biblical scholar
378:1898 breach in the wall
297:Gate of David's Chamber
2750:Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue
2366:Church of the Redeemer
1949:Chapel of Saint Helena
982:Eliyahu Wager (1988).
924:
855:
801:
776:
744:
697:
616:Bezalel School of Arts
611:
591:
590:, or drinking fountain
482:
368:
245:
141:
2613:Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya
2578:Dome of the Ascension
2253:Church of Saint Toros
1586:. SMF. Archived from
942:1948 ArabâIsraeli war
930:Mamilla shopping mall
922:
849:
825:1948 ArabâIsraeli War
799:
774:
742:
695:
609:
585:
480:
391:Associated structures
366:
235:
137:
117:31.77661°N 35.22755°E
2946:Mahane Yehuda Market
2831:Palestine portal
2755:Tzuf Dvash Synagogue
2061:Church of Saint Anne
1632:Kean, James (2004).
1559:"Lions in Jerusalem"
1320:. pp. 146â147.
654:improve this section
305:Herodian tower stump
88:Old City (Jerusalem)
2934:Central Bus Station
2715:Little Western Wall
2710:Western Wall Tunnel
2598:Dome of the Prophet
1911:Sorted by religions
1902:World Heritage Site
1197:Quarterly Statement
932:across the street.
473:Ottoman clock tower
272:name for the gate,
113: /
79:General information
2867:Judaism portal
2593:Dome of al-Khalili
2318:Anglican Communion
1845:2008-01-16 at the
1444:The Palestine Post
1347:The Times-Dispatch
1297:(V.IV.3; VII.II.1)
925:
856:
802:
786:tomb of King David
777:
745:
698:
612:
592:
483:
369:
342:, who rebuilt the
261:is part of Israel
246:
142:
122:31.77661; 35.22755
3068:
3067:
3055:
3054:
3010:
3009:
2970:Generali Building
2958:Ben Yehuda Street
2875:
2874:
2819:Israel portal
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2665:
2664:
2657:Sidna Omar Mosque
2638:Al-Yaqoubi Mosque
2583:Dome of the Chain
2382:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2343:
2342:
2303:
2302:
2229:Armenian Orthodox
2212:
2211:
2173:
2172:
2161:Maronite Catholic
2143:Armenian Catholic
2113:
2112:
2051:
2050:
1517:978-3-8258-6797-3
1354:. 18 January 1914
1273:978-0-19-923666-4
920:
860:Christian Quarter
836:Pope John Paul II
690:
689:
682:
549:''alaturka'' time
244:(1854 photograph)
240:and his servant,
181:
161:
132:
131:
16:(Redirected from
3101:
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2902:
2895:
2888:
2879:
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2863:
2855:Islam portal
2853:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2840:
2829:
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2827:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2771:
2735:Ramban Synagogue
2690:
2603:Dome of the Rock
2588:Dome of al-Khidr
2555:
2493:
2394:
2354:
2323:
2314:
2225:
2186:
2167:Maronite Convent
2119:Melkite Catholic
2072:
2005:
1981:
1925:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1853:
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1387:
1373:
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1331:
1307:
1298:
1294:Wars of the Jews
1286:
1280:
1261:
1255:
1244:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1192:"Notes and News"
1190:(January 1899).
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979:
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893:Tyropoeon Valley
868:Armenian Quarter
702:Aelia Capitolina
685:
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671:
665:
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602:Bezalel Pavilion
557:
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444:Tower of Phasael
186:
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2813:
2811:
2789:
2769:
2760:Hurva Synagogue
2726:
2719:
2682:
2673:
2661:
2652:Al Dissi Mosque
2634:Al-Buraq Mosque
2622:
2561:
2547:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2530:Sultan Suleiman
2523:Ma'ale HaShalom
2521:
2496:
2491:
2479:
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2387:Areas, quarters
2370:
2339:
2299:
2283:
2281:Coptic Orthodox
2275:
2263:Syriac Orthodox
2257:
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2208:
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2137:
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2011:
2003:
1987:
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1914:
1893:
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1847:Wayback Machine
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1171:. 12 June 1890.
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966:
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911:
909:
901:Jewish Quarters
895:and end at the
884:
878:(marketplace).
862:(on the left),
844:
821:
794:
730:
725:
686:
675:
669:
666:
651:
635:
624:
604:
580:
551:
545:Zedekiah's Cave
475:
460:Simon bar Giora
404:
398:
393:
380:
361:
359:1538 gate tower
356:
230:
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119:
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107:
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68:
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5:
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3037:
3031:
3029:Davidka Square
3024:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3002:Tower of David
2994:
2988:
2982:
2972:
2966:
2964:Nahalat Shiv'a
2960:
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2647:Mosque of Omar
2644:
2639:
2636:
2630:
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2624:
2623:
2621:
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2618:Marwani Mosque
2615:
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2295:Deir es-Sultan
2291:
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2239:
2237:
2222:
2214:
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2209:
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2198:
2190:Greek Orthodox
2183:
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2174:
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2170:
2165:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2104:Templum Domini
2100:
2093:
2086:
2080:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
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2033:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1960:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1944:Deir es-Sultan
1935:
1933:
1922:
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1827:Manar al-Athar
1820:
1803:
1802:External links
1800:
1798:
1797:
1772:
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1600:
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1496:
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1451:
1435:
1393:
1381:Madain Project
1368:
1333:
1327:978-0674037724
1326:
1299:
1281:
1256:
1235:(1/2): 57â65.
1219:
1188:Schick, Conrad
1174:
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1137:
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1025:
1001:
989:
973:
971:
968:
960:
959:
952:
951:
950:
908:
905:
903:to the south.
883:
880:
872:Tower of David
864:Muslim Quarter
852:Tower of David
843:
840:
820:
817:
806:Edmund Allenby
793:
792:British period
790:
729:
728:Ottoman period
726:
724:
721:
688:
687:
638:
636:
629:
623:
620:
603:
600:
579:
576:
564:Allenby Square
499:Abdul Hamid II
495:Ottoman Empire
474:
471:
467:performances.
454:). During the
410:is an ancient
408:Tower of David
402:Tower of David
400:Main article:
397:
394:
392:
389:
379:
376:
360:
357:
355:
352:
229:
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139:Old City Gates
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3044:
3042:
3041:Tzahal Square
3038:
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3026:
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3018:
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2999:
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2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:Ari Synagogue
2738:
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2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:Southern Wall
2698:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2672:
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2655:
2653:
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2648:
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2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:Other mosques
2625:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2608:Dome of Yusuf
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
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2560:
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2553:
2550:
2546:
2545:Sunni Islamic
2541:
2537:
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2526:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
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2361:
2359:
2355:
2352:
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2346:
2336:
2335:Christ Church
2333:
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2020:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2000:
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1996:
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1838:
1837:
1834:Virtual tours
1833:
1829:photo archive
1828:
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1706:9781589830660
1702:
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1686:
1674:
1672:9789652210517
1668:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1652:
1647:
1645:9781417963003
1641:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1625:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1590:on 2013-12-03
1589:
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1491:benyehuda.org
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1315:
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1300:
1296:
1295:
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1282:
1278:
1277:Phasael Tower
1274:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1207:
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1199:
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1181:
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1170:
1166:
1160:
1157:
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1148:
1141:
1138:
1127:on 2010-04-24
1126:
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1084:
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1074:
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1048:9781351928243
1044:
1041:. Routledge.
1040:
1036:
1029:
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1011:
1005:
1002:
998:
993:
990:
985:
978:
975:
969:
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949:
947:
943:
938:
935:In 2010, the
933:
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869:
865:
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711:
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706:Damascus Gate
703:
694:
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649:
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644:
639:This section
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3078:Categories
2998:Jaffa Gate
2909:Jaffa Road
2514:Jaffa Road
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2498:Al-Mawazin
2309:Protestant
2286:Archbishop
1962:See also:
1930:Status Quo
1908:since 1981
1791:2010-05-03
1766:2010-05-03
1618:2023-10-30
1594:2013-11-26
1565:2010-05-03
1473:2023-10-30
1386:7 December
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1131:2010-05-03
1099:2010-05-03
1019:2024-06-13
970:References
907:Renovation
889:Mount Zion
882:Topography
819:Since 1948
782:Mount Zion
710:Madaba Map
456:Jewish war
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333:King David
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