304:. The artillery was made up of flat angle guns with a range of 6 to 9 kilometres (3.7 to 5.6 mi). The fortifications themselves consisted of 300 metres (980 ft) of halls and tunnels dynamited into the mountain at Ingstadkleiva, as well as trench systems and gun positions excavated from the rock with explosives. There are two main underground parallel tunnels of around 80 metres (260 ft) length, with a 35-metre (115 ft) tunnel connecting them at a straight angle. One of the main tunnels served as crew quarters while the other was in direct connection with the above ground artillery pits.
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valley and is dominated by the fort, while the south front is hilly and at a higher altitude than the
Ingstadskleiva. Ingstadkleiva Fort has an excellent command of the Stjørdalen valley to the north and east, but to the west the view is blocked by the Grøthammeren and Hammeren hills, both about
331:
The positional artillery is placed in an almost straight line facing east, with a 20-metre (66 ft) distance between each 10.5-centimetre (4.1 in) gun and 16 metres (52 ft) between each 7.5-centimetre (3.0 in) piece.
499:
Hegra Rifle Club has since 13 May 1962 held an annual shooting competition at the fortress. Organized in commemoration of the 1940 battle and of the Second World War in general, the competition is held on the Sunday closest to 8 May
258:
authorized the construction of
Ingstadkleiva Fort, but no funds were allocated until 12 July 1907. In May 1908, the work began on the road up to the construction site and by January 1910 the fort was ready for use.
983:
484:, Hegra Fortress was returned to Norwegian control and is today used as a museum with exhibitions detailing the fort's history with an emphasis on the 1940 siege. There is also a café and a
232:
246:
As a successful attack into the centre of the country could split it in half, the
Norwegian general staff in February 1906 suggested the construction of a blocking fort in the
1133:
976:
1118:
932:
969:
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797:
254:, commanding general, and chief of the Fortress Artillery surveyed the site and agreed to the plan. In a closed meeting on 26 April 1906, the
1113:
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The fortress' artillery consisted of two 7.5-centimetre (3.0 in) and four 10.5-centimetre (4.1 in) positional artillery pieces in
661:
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valley. Ingstadkleiva was early on pointed out as a good location to block an advance from the east. Already in March that year the
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shop. The museum is often used for conferences and for seminars on issues of war and peace. Hegra
Fortress is still owned by the
916:
238:
323:
504:). The casing of a shell fired at the fortress in 1940 is awarded to the competition winner each year as a travelling trophy.
493:
207:), it was built between 1908–1910 as a border fort as a defence against the perceived threat of a Swedish invasion.
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The fort was built on, and named after, Ingstadkleiva — a 215-metre (705 ft) high forested hill south of the
251:
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219:, as had happened repeatedly during the Swedish-Norwegian conflicts in the preceding centuries, for example the
1108:
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Present-day (2014) buildings at the fortress camp, restaurant building to the left, guide building to the right
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To enable the fortress to withstand attack without support from outside a 5-to-8-metre (16 to 26 ft) wide
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large portions of the fort were covered in snow, and as all plans of the fort were stored in German-occupied
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several sections of the fortifications were not discovered by the defenders before the 5 May
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border areas with Sweden. In 1926, Ingstadkleiva Fort was put in reserve as part of the post-
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During the period 1910 to 1926 the fort was used as a major military base for the
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placed in pits dynamited from the rock and lined with concrete, as well as four
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318:. The 8.4-centimetre (3.3 in) pieces, designed before the advent of
275:. To the east, north, and north-west the terrain slopes down towards the
215:
The intent behind
Ingstadkleiva Fort was to block Swedish advances into
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assaults; however in the last two weeks attacks mostly featured heavy
375:'s youth branch as a summer holiday camp for children. In late 1939,
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during the early days of 1940. During the
Finnish internees' stay a
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systems, were described by the
Germans after the 1940 surrender as
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A Red Cross holiday camp held at the deactivated fortress in 1939
119:(brick was only used for secondary areas out of the line of fire)
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Hegra
Fortress on the official Norwegian Defense Force website
714:
550:(in Norwegian). Nasjonale Festningsverk (National Fortresses)
526:(in Norwegian). Nasjonale Festningsverk (National Fortresses)
877:
Kampen om Hegra – festningen tyskerne ikke greide å ta
271:
river, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the village of
55:
Gate to the fortress, with tunnel entrance in the background
909:
Hegra
Fortress on the National Fortresses of Norway website
868:
Beleiringen av Hegra
Festning 10. april – 5. mai 1940
421:
In 1940, from 15 April to 5 May, Hegra was attacked by the
371:
From 1934–1939, the deactivated fort was used by the
870:(in Norwegian). Trondheim: F. Bruns bokforhandels forlag.
292:
One of the fortress' 10.5 cm guns soon after installation
399:
were interned at Ingstadkleiva Fort. All the Finns were
233:
1905 dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden
425:. During the first week the attacks consisted of two
153:
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109:
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91:
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800:(in Norwegian). Trønder-avisa.no. Archived from
339:was constructed encircling the entire fortress.
879:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag.
786:(in Norwegian). National Fortresses of Norway.
745:(in Norwegian). National Fortresses of Norway.
731:(in Norwegian). National Fortresses of Norway.
977:
542:
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242:The fortress' trench line during construction
8:
607:
605:
603:
585:(in Norwegian). Kildenett.no. Archived from
619:
617:
984:
970:
962:
383:who had crossed the Norwegian border into
18:
518:
516:
296:The fort's guns came from the dismantled
818:(in Norwegian). Forn.no. Archived from
759:(in Norwegian). Forn.no. Archived from
699:(in Norwegian). Forn.no. Archived from
627:(in Norwegian). Forn.no. Archived from
512:
773:Brox 1988: photo section, photo no. 4
757:"Ingstadkleven Fort, 1926–1940"
697:"Ingstadkleven Fort, 1910–1926"
625:"Ingstadkleven Fort, 1907–1910"
7:
662:"Norwegian weapons: Field artillery"
407:was constructed at the fort's camp.
97:Limited improvements 1916–1918
1134:Military installations in Trøndelag
468:The fortress museum building (2014)
1119:Military and war museums in Norway
571:(in Norwegian). Tysklandsbrigaden.
14:
816:"Hegra Festning, 1945–2000"
1090:Norwegian Defence Estates Agency
993:National Fortifications Heritage
548:"Hegra festning som kulturmiljø"
49:
717:(in Norwegian). Hegra Fortress.
437:bombing, as well as aggressive
1129:World War II museums in Norway
840:(in Norwegian). Archived from
729:"Historical overview of Hegra"
280:300-metre (980 ft) high.
1:
494:Norwegian Ministry of Defence
1114:World War II sites in Norway
660:Mårtensson, Robert (2002).
1150:
414:
1087:
999:
798:"Sterke inntrykk i Hegra"
492:and financed through the
48:
35:
26:
16:Fort in Trøndelag, Norway
569:"Tidsperiode Holtermann"
417:Battle of Hegra Fortress
139:Battle of Hegra Fortress
105:1907–1926 and 1940
925:Hegra Fortress pictures
866:Arnstad, Johan (1965).
838:Hegra Rifle Association
524:"Festningens utvikling"
490:Norwegian Defence Force
187:in the municipality of
901:Hegra Fortress website
875:Brox, Karl H. (1988).
641:Arnstad 1965, pp. 9-10
477:
469:
363:
355:defence budget cuts.
293:
243:
199:. Originally known as
179:) is a small mountain
176:
160:Hans Reidar Holtermann
1019:Border Fortifications
948:63.45083°N 11.16250°E
784:"Activities on Hegra"
715:"Ingstadkleiven Fort"
480:After the end of the
475:
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395:district in northern
361:
291:
241:
1124:Museums in Trøndelag
460:Present-day fortress
337:barbed wire obstacle
256:Norwegian Parliament
149:Garrison information
944: /
379:of the independent
373:Norwegian Red Cross
252:Minister of Defence
201:Ingstadkleiven Fort
115:reinforced concrete
953:63.45083; 11.16250
844:on 14 October 2014
834:"Festningsstevnet"
743:"History of Hegra"
686:Arnstad 1965, p. 9
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411:Norwegian Campaign
367:Deactivated period
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294:
284:Ingstadkleiva Fort
244:
229:Great Northern War
205:Ingstadkleiva Fort
183:in the village of
134:Norwegian Campaign
74:Controlled by
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82:(1940–1945)
64:Mountain fortress
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664:. Archived from
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583:"Hegra Festning"
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482:Second World War
377:Finnish soldiers
128:Second World War
95:1908–1910,
69:Site information
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1109:Forts in Norway
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668:on 16 July 2011
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423:German invaders
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1044:Karljohansvern
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920:(in Norwegian)
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904:(in Norwegian)
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895:External links
893:
892:
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822:on 2006-08-23.
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804:on 2007-05-04.
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217:Central Norway
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177:Hegra festning
169:Hegra Fortress
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29:Hegra festning
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22:Hegra Fortress
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381:Lapland Group
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298:Ørje Fortress
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269:Stjørdalselva
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225:Northern Wars
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860:Bibliography
846:. Retrieved
842:the original
837:
828:
820:the original
810:
802:the original
792:
778:
769:
761:the original
751:
737:
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701:the original
691:
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670:. Retrieved
666:the original
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629:the original
591:. Retrieved
587:the original
577:
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552:. Retrieved
528:. Retrieved
498:
479:
443:
420:
389:the fighting
370:
346:
343:Early period
334:
330:
324:
313:Krupp M/1887
309:half-turrets
306:
295:
266:
245:
231:. After the
221:Hannibal War
214:
204:
200:
168:
167:
124:Battles/wars
87:Site history
80:Nazi Germany
28:
1049:Kongsvinger
1029:Fredriksten
1024:Fredrikstad
951: /
444:During the
401:repatriated
353:World War I
102:In use
1103:Categories
1064:Oscarsborg
939:11°09′45″E
936:63°27′03″N
593:2011-05-17
554:2011-05-17
530:2011-05-17
508:References
439:patrolling
325:Napoleonic
316:field guns
277:Stjørdalen
248:Stjørdalen
211:Background
156:commanders
1069:Trondenes
1014:Bergenhus
672:6 January
454:surrender
450:Trondheim
435:Luftwaffe
433:fire and
431:artillery
387:escaping
349:Trøndelag
263:Geography
193:Trøndelag
173:Norwegian
117:and brick
110:Materials
1074:Vardøhus
1009:Austrått
1004:Akershus
848:3 August
486:souvenir
427:infantry
385:Finnmark
195:county,
189:Stjørdal
181:fortress
397:Finland
393:Petsamo
391:in the
1079:Værdal
883:
502:VE Day
320:recoil
302:Marker
227:, and
203:(also
197:Norway
162:(1940)
113:Rock,
77:Norway
42:Norway
1059:Møvik
1039:Hegra
446:siege
405:sauna
273:Hegra
185:Hegra
92:Built
38:Hegra
881:ISBN
850:2014
674:2010
154:Past
61:Type
300:in
191:in
130::
1105::
836:.
616:^
602:^
539:^
515:^
496:.
456:.
441:.
328:.
223:,
175::
40:,
985:e
978:t
971:v
889:.
852:.
676:.
596:.
557:.
533:.
500:(
171:(
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