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590:(literally "butterfly") due to its shape. Women used to adorn themselves with these fragrant flowers in Spanish colonial times; because of the intricate structure of the inflorescence, women hid and carried secret messages important to the independence cause under it. The plant has become
443:
It is an upright perennial which may reach 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft) in height. It has long pointed leaves, with heavily scented white flowers with yellow bases. In its native environment flowering occurs between August and
December.
570:
in warmer climates, but deciduous in mild winter temperate regions of North
America and Europe. In the UK it is rated by the Royal Horticultural Society as hardy down to −5 °C (23 °F) in mild or coastal areas (H3).
622:
in shallow water systems, along streams and in waterlogged areas. Once established, it is difficult to control due to vegetative reproduction through the underground spread of rhizomes. It was introduced in
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in the era of slavery, said to have been brought to the country by
African slaves who used its leaves as mattresses, and is now considered naturalised in the states of
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655:, where it is a declared weed, and propagation of plant material is considered prohibited. It is also invasive in
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regions of the world as an ornamental. In China it is cultivated for use in medicine and production of
1403:
767:
1592:
1359:
267:
1139:"Ornamental plants as Invasive Aliens: Problems and Solutions in Kruger National Park, South Africa"
643:
around 1888 by
Chinese immigrants, and is now considered a serious invader in mesic to wet areas of
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48:
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619:
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butterfly lily, fragrant garland flower, Indian garland flower, white butterfly ginger lily
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409:
406:
247:
121:
1279:
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1631:
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539:, due to the strong characteristic fragrance of the flowers, said to be reminiscent of
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63:
39:
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20:
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1032:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. Archived from
640:
624:
513:
493:
477:
461:
1224:
1491:
1377:
632:
501:
489:
473:
457:
95:
1364:
644:
1228:
1056:"Floral biology of Hedychium coronarium Koen. (Zingiberaceae)"
1187:
Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de
Nouvelle-Calédonie
639:. This species was first introduced as an ornamental to
19:"White ginger" redirects here. For the Asian spice, see
950:"Hedychium coronarium in Flora of China @ efloras.org"
839:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
981:"Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily)"
921:"Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily)"
1237:
1093:"Impact of Alien Plants on Hawai'i's Native Biota"
768:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13416798A13416802.en
1208:Flowers of India photos gallery: Ginger Lily (
724:Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia
1060:Revista Brasileira de Horticultura Ornamental
8:
1225:
598:, Pinar del Rio Province in the west, the
519:It is typically found growing in forests.
57:
38:
27:
766:
602:in the center of the island, and in the
893:
891:
889:
880:United States Department of Agriculture
871:Germplasm Resources Information Network
735:
666:
1166:
1155:
1120:
1109:
856:
854:
837:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
7:
1733:IUCN Red List data deficient species
1593:649d20ba-0472-46ae-b6ef-11ba08d8f1a9
975:
973:
971:
969:
944:
942:
940:
754:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
631:(where it is classed as invasive),
651:. Additionally, it is invasive in
14:
1753:Flora of the Indian subcontinent
1658:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796836-1
708:
696:
687:
678:
669:
82:
703:Botanical illustration (Curtis)
594:in the cool rainy mountains in
586:of Cuba, where it is known as
1:
1010:. Royal Horticultural Society
876:Agricultural Research Service
1141:. 2008-01-01. Archived from
1095:. 1998-01-01. Archived from
552:Royal Horticultural Society
427:Other common names include
1794:
804:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
799:Plants of the World Online
18:
16:Species of flowering plant
527:It is cultivated in warm
230:
223:
206:
199:
79:Scientific classification
77:
55:
46:
37:
30:
1778:Plants described in 1783
1773:Austronesian agriculture
1768:National symbols of Cuba
1193:(in French). p. 17.
1184:Hequet, Vanessa (2009).
761:: e.T13416798A13416802.
614:Beyond its native range
606:in the very east of it.
448:Distribution and habitat
480:, through northernmost
1165:Cite journal requires
1119:Cite journal requires
743:Olander, S.B. (2020).
340:Gandasulium lingulatum
329:Gandasulium coronarium
274:Hedychium chrysoleucum
1763:Garden plants of Asia
899:"Hedychium coronaria"
556:Award of Garden Merit
412:in the ginger family
284:Hedychium gandasulium
1619:Hedychium coronarium
1404:Hedychium coronarium
1326:Hedychium_coronarium
1269:Hedychium coronarium
1239:Hedychium coronarium
1219:Hedychium coronarium
1210:Hedychium coronarium
864:Hedychium coronarium
831:Hedychium coronarium
792:Hedychium coronarium
747:Hedychium coronarium
580:Hedychium coronarium
548:Hedychium coronarium
452:It is native to the
394:Hedychium coronarium
373:Hedychium flavescens
348:Hedychium coronarium
314:Hedychium coronarium
306:Hedychium sulphureum
264:Hedychium lingulatum
234:Kaempferia hedychium
210:Hedychium coronarium
32:Hedychium coronarium
1758:Flora of Indo-China
1217:Plant of the Week:
1005:"Hardiness Ratings"
600:Escambray Mountains
301:Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
298:Hedychium prophetae
49:Conservation status
596:Sierra del Rosario
399:white garland-lily
244:Hedychium spicatum
192:H. coronarium
1720:
1719:
1601:Open Tree of Life
1231:Taxon identifiers
1030:"National Flower"
550:has received the
454:Eastern Himalayas
403:white ginger lily
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254:Hedychium maximum
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1070:. Archived from
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1036:on 13 April 2014
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1748:Flora of Taiwan
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954:www.efloras.org
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584:national flower
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410:flowering plant
343:(Hassk.) Kuntze
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1743:Flora of China
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1710:wfo-0000435787
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1202:External links
1200:
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1167:|journal=
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1084:
1062:. 2007-01-01.
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1145:on 2022-03-30
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657:New Caledonia
654:
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649:Hawaii island
646:
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616:H. coronarium
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516:in the East.
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1179:
1158:cite journal
1147:. Retrieved
1143:the original
1133:
1112:cite journal
1101:. Retrieved
1097:the original
1087:
1076:. Retrieved
1072:the original
1059:
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1034:the original
1024:
1014:18 September
1012:. Retrieved
999:
988:. Retrieved
985:www.cabi.org
984:
957:. Retrieved
953:
928:. Retrieved
925:www.cabi.org
924:
915:
903:. Retrieved
869:
863:
841:. Retrieved
836:
830:
819:
807:. Retrieved
797:
791:
784:
772:. Retrieved
758:
752:
746:
738:
653:South Africa
615:
613:
587:
579:
578:
565:
547:
545:
537:aromatic oil
526:
518:
451:
442:
433:white ginger
432:
428:
426:
402:
398:
393:
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382:C.E.C.Fisch.
377:chrysoleucum
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352:chrysoleucum
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158:Zingiberales
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31:
25:
1565:NatureServe
1464:iNaturalist
1263:Wikispecies
905:7 September
809:5 September
774:5 September
592:naturalized
546:In the UK,
533:subtropical
523:Cultivation
488:, southern
439:Description
422:understorey
332:(J.Koenig)
148:Commelinids
122:Angiosperms
1727:Categories
1632:kew-248115
1627:Plant List
1149:2017-02-15
1103:2017-02-15
1078:2017-02-15
990:2017-02-15
959:2017-02-15
930:2017-02-15
825:USDA, NRCS
730:References
470:Bangladesh
288:Buch.-Ham.
1738:Hedychium
1417:200028392
1391:200028392
1068:1414-039X
1040:6 January
843:6 January
794:J.Koenig"
568:evergreen
562:Hardiness
529:temperate
510:Guangdong
424:of Asia.
407:perennial
321:(Roscoe)
186:Species:
179:Hedychium
92:Kingdom:
1697:34500026
1692:Tropicos
1570:2.139015
1544:13416798
1505:10766180
1492:796836-1
1254:Q1994229
1248:Wikidata
827:(n.d.).
718:See also
620:invasive
588:mariposa
486:Thailand
380:(Hook.)
367:W.Hunter
355:(Hook.)
225:Synonyms
217:J.Koenig
164:Family:
135:Monocots
69:IUCN 3.1
21:galangal
1552:MoBotPF
1430:2758744
1365:1118165
663:Gallery
618:may be
582:is the
541:jasmine
506:Guangxi
498:Sichuan
482:Myanmar
466:Tripura
405:, is a
323:Eichler
318:maximum
248:G.Lodd.
174:Genus:
154:Order:
96:Plantae
67: (
1684:2056-1
1645:HECO11
1640:PLANTS
1606:161159
1590:NZOR:
1557:287579
1469:143955
1339:370882
1297:APDB:
1277:AoFP:
1066:
641:Hawaii
625:Brazil
566:It is
514:Taiwan
494:Yunnan
478:Bhutan
462:Sikkim
418:native
397:, the
334:Kuntze
268:Hassk.
258:Roscoe
1679:SANBI
1583:71610
1531:42396
1518:26678
1500:IRMNG
1476:IPA:
1456:18576
1399:FoAO2
1378:HEYCO
1352:3JZP2
1313:65095
1300:20059
1287:APA:
1191:(PDF)
1008:(PDF)
901:. RHS
633:Bahia
512:) to
502:Hunan
490:China
474:Nepal
458:India
375:var.
357:Baker
350:var.
316:var.
309:Wall.
292:Wall.
278:Hook.
142:Clade
129:Clade
116:Clade
103:Clade
1671:8418
1653:POWO
1614:PfaF
1578:NCBI
1539:IUCN
1526:ITIS
1487:IPNI
1479:5692
1451:GRIN
1443:1336
1438:GISD
1425:GBIF
1373:EPPO
1334:BOLD
1321:ATRF
1308:APNI
1290:5242
1280:2006
1171:help
1125:help
1064:ISSN
1042:2017
1016:2021
907:2021
845:2017
811:2024
776:2024
759:2020
647:and
645:Maui
635:and
575:Cuba
531:and
508:and
484:and
476:and
464:and
238:Lam.
1705:WFO
1666:RHS
1513:ISC
1412:FoC
1386:FNA
1360:EoL
1347:CoL
763:doi
554:'s
468:),
456:of
431:or
401:or
290:ex
1729::
1707::
1694::
1681::
1668::
1655::
1642::
1629::
1616::
1603::
1580::
1567::
1554::
1541::
1528::
1515::
1502::
1489::
1466::
1453::
1440::
1427::
1414::
1401::
1388::
1375::
1362::
1349::
1336::
1323::
1310::
1265::
1250::
1162::
1160:}}
1156:{{
1116::
1114:}}
1110:{{
1058:.
983:.
968:^
952:.
939:^
923:.
888:^
878:,
874:.
868:.
853:^
835:.
802:.
796:.
757:.
751:.
659:.
558:.
543:.
504:,
500:,
496:,
472:,
435:.
416:,
144::
131::
118::
105::
1212:)
1173:)
1169:(
1152:.
1127:)
1123:(
1106:.
1081:.
1044:.
1018:.
993:.
962:.
933:.
909:.
882:.
866:"
862:"
847:.
833:"
829:"
813:.
790:"
778:.
765::
749:"
745:"
492:(
460:(
71:)
23:.
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