800:
being deported, Rieger died in 1942 in the
Theresienstadt concentration camp. In 1944, his wife Berta died in Auschwitz. Their son Robert, who died in 1985, survived persecution and fled to France and then New York in 1939 with his wife and daughter. The work's provenance does not contain information about its whereabouts between 1938 and 1965. It resurfaced on the market in 1965, when Brazilian collector Walter Geyerhahn sold it to the Swiss art dealer Marianne Feilchenfeldt. Records indicate that Feilchenfeldt facilitated its sale and subsequent gift to the city of Cologne through the Freunde des Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in April 1966 for 18,000 Deutsche Marks. Over the past decade, other works by Schiele from the Rieger collection have also been subject to restitution claims. In November, the artist's painting Wayside Shrine (1907) was confiscated by Austrian authorities ahead of its scheduled sale at the Viennese auction house Dorotheum, where it was estimated at $ 45,000. During the war, the painting went directly to Welz, who sold off most of the Rieger collection. And in 2019, the Robert Owen Lehmann Foundation attempted to sell a drawing by Schiele's wife Edith, prompting an ongoing three-way ongoing ownership dispute between the organization, the Rieger heirs, and the late Eva Zirkl, who claimed her uncle owned the work.
476:
collection of Egon
Schiele's drawings anywhere is being kept" (Ludwig W. Abels, Wiener Sammlungen moderner Kunst, in: Neues Wiener Journal 34 , No. 11,874, p. 17). Articles about the collection highlight in particular the quality of the invaluable 2Schiele drawings (see for instance Anonymous, Sammlungen des Ober-Medizinalrates Dr. Heinrich Rieger und Dr. Alfred Spitzer. From the exhibit at the KĂĽnstlerhaus, Vienna, in: Ă–sterreichische Kunst. Monatshefte fĂĽr bildende Kunst, Year 6, Vol. 12, Vienna, December 1935, p. 12 f.). Today, even the Schiele works in the collection alone would undoubtedly be worth a fortune.
636:
Egon
Schiele of his mistress, Wally, that she had left behind in Vienna. The letter, written in German, recounts how a Nazi art dealer named Friedrich Welz had come to her home, where the painting hung, and pressed her to give it to him. It refers to the Belvedere, part of Austria's National Gallery: 'He didn't stop urging me in a very unpleasant way until my husband told me: 'Why don't you give in? We may want to leave already tomorrow, and don't make any difficulties. You know what he can do.' So it first came into the property of Welz.
177:. Kasimir sold around twenty works from the Rieger Collection during the war years. Further works were found in Kasimir's private apartment in 1947. Both Welz and Kasimir paid amounts for the pictures that were well below the market value of the works of art. The sale to Kasimir was apparently based on the values estimated by Grimschitz. After the end of the war, both had to answer for the acquisition of the Rieger Collection due to § 6 KVG, "improper enrichment" ("
762:
said it was the first time authorities in
Austria had seized an art object on the grounds that it might have been illegally taken by the Nazi regime. They hailed the move as a potential landmark in the battle for restitution of artwork and other property that was taken in Austria by the Nazis before and during World War II as part of a widespread practice called Aryanization. The painting,
69:
564:
May 16, 1944, and probably murdered in the gas chambers upon arrival; she was declared dead in 1948. Their son Dr. Robert Rieger was able to escape to New York via Paris with his family in August 1938. Dr. Heinrich Rieger lost the important art collection as a consequence of Nazi persecution – through forced sales and acts of "Aryanization".
597:
After the Nazis annexed
Austria, Rieger's son Robert managed to escape via Paris to New York. Rieger and his wife had many possessions confiscated and were forced to sell others, including their art. Berta Rieger wrote to her son in 1939 saying: "Just one thing is terrible, we have to sell almost all
664:
Provenance. Dr
Heinrich Rieger, Vienna. Confiscated by the Nazi authorities circa 1938. Luigi Kasimir, Vienna. Dr Robert Rieger, New York, to whom restituted on 10 August 1949. Historisches Museum der Stadt, Vienna (inv. no. 93.398), acquired from the above on 16 August 1949. Restituted to the heirs
153:
With the "Fourth
Ordinance to the Reich Citizenship Law" of 31 July 1938, Jews were forced out of the medical profession on 31 August 1938. Forbidden to practice medicine because he was Jewish, and impoverished by the confiscation of property and the Nazi's anti-Jewish fees and penalties, Rieger was
635:
One day in August 1966, Lea Bondi Jaray, a Jewish
Viennese art dealer who had fled to London in 1937 with nothing more than she could carry, wrote a letter to Otto Kallir, the owner of the Galerie St. Etienne in Manhattan, beseeching him for help. She was still trying to reclaim a 1912 painting by
563:
From the time of
Austria's annexation to the German Reich on March 13, 1938, at the latest, Dr. Rieger was persecuted as a Jew, dispossessed, and finally murdered in Theresienstadt concentration camp. His entire family was persecuted. His wife Berta was deported from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz on
120:
Artworks in Rieger's collection are known from a surviving insurance list from 1935 and another list created for the autumn exhibition of the "Cooperative of Visual
Artists Vienna" in the KĂĽnstlerhaus Vienna, which opened on 9 November 1935. The latter list showed that Rieger had loaned around 200
761:
PRAGUE, Nov. 15— Austrian police seized a painting by Egon Schiele today, responding to complaints that it had once belonged to a Jewish collector who was forced to relinquish it in 1938 to a gallery owner connected to the Nazis. A court in Vienna ordered the confiscation on Thursday. Art experts
475:
For Dr. Heinrich Rieger, the artist Egon Schiele (1890–1918) was the "main focus of the collection" (Austrian Art Restitution Advisory Board, Resolution of November 25, 2004); his works constituted the core of the collection. Rieger had a special room reserved for these pieces, "where the largest
799:
According to the German advisory commission, Rieger may have owned as many as 150 pieces by Schiele. In 1938, when Austria was annexed to Germany, Rieger faced persecution and was forced to sell his collection, a portion of which ended up in the hands of Nazi-era art dealer Friedrich Welz. After
404:
Rieger, a Jewish-Austrian dentist and art collector active in the early 20th century, was one of Schiele's top patrons. He treated Schiele as a patient and was known to have accepted works of art as payment for medical treatments. By the late 1930s, Reiger's collection included some 800 works by
116:
Rieger collected many works by Egon Schiele whose first fifty drawings came into Rieger's ownership between 1915 and 1918 - most of the oil paintings, such as the work "Cardinal and Nun" or "The Embrace", in 1918. In 1921, Rieger owned twelve oil paintings by Schiele initially housed in Rieger's
181:"). However, the proceedings against Welz ended with an out-of-court settlement, while Kasimir was acquitted because he had recognized all restitution claims. At least some of the works were returned to Robert Rieger, who lived in the USA as his father's legal successor, after the proceedings.
693:
Berta Rieger wrote to her son in 1939 saying: "Just one thing is terrible, we have to sell almost all our possessions at fire-sale prices." They were deported to Theresienstadt, where Rieger died in 1942; Berta was transferred again to Auschwitz in 1944 and was probably gassed on arrival
855:
On 3 October, the lawyer Raymond Dowd, acting on behalf of Rieger's heirs, requested that the case be moved to New York City, where the picture is currently being held at Christie's. Dowd alleges that Lehman failed to conduct proper due diligence before consigning the picture to
549:"Advisory Commission on the return of cultural property seized as a result of Nazi persecution, especially Jewish property Office: Seydelstr. 18, 10117 Berlin Recommendation of the Advisory Commission in the case of the heirs of Heinrich Rieger v. The City of Cologne"
453:"Advisory Commission on the return of cultural property seized as a result of Nazi persecution, especially Jewish property Office: Seydelstr. 18, 10117 Berlin Recommendation of the Advisory Commission in the case of the heirs of Heinrich Rieger v. The City of Cologne"
555:
452:
214:
Rieger's son, Ludwig (1894–1913) and his third-born daughter Antonia (1897–1933) died through suicide. Their son Robert (1894–1985) became a doctor, emigrated to the USA in 1938, and was the legal successor to his father's art collection.
85:, who were then living in Vienna, and became their sponsor. This is how the core of his collection came into being. Through further acquisitions, Rieger's collection became one of the most important of Austrian modern art alongside the
205:
in 1944, where she was murdered immediately upon arrival. The Nazi Riech seized the Riegers' assets in accordance with the "Ordinance on the Confiscation of Assets Hostile to the People and the State in Austria" of 18 November 1938.
76:
Rieger began collecting contemporary works of art around 1900. He often accepted works of art from penniless artists instead of money as payment for dental treatments. This brought him into contact with young artists such as
584:
548:
459:
196:
on the 42nd transport. After initiating a death declaration procedure, it was established on 7 March 1947 that Heinrich Rieger had been murdered there on 17 October 1942, although specifics remained unclear.
1055:
223:
The Rieger family have successfully filed restitution claims for artworks by Egon Schiele that were seized by the Nazis; many of the claims involved long and difficult court battles and commissions.
598:
our possessions at fire-sale prices." They were deported to Theresienstadt, where Rieger died in 1942; Berta was transferred again to Auschwitz in 1944 and was probably gassed on arrival there.
941:
252:. The latter helped the city of Cologne to acquire it through the Freunde des Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in April 1966. The Schiele has been in the collection of the Museum Ludwig since 1976.
1070:
124:
At the World Exhibition in Paris in 1937, four Schiele works from Rieger's collection were shown as part of an exhibition of Austrian art in the Galerie Nationale du Jeu de Paume.
895:
732:
248:
was restituted to the Rieger family. Its fate after 1938 was unknown until, in 1965, it appeared in a sale by the Brazilian collector Walter Geyerhahn to the Swiss art dealer
142:
Special anti-Jewish laws forced Austrian Jews like Rieger to declare their assets, in preparation for the seizure of their property. Rieger's art collection was assessed by
288:
89:
collection. During the First World War, Rieger acquired over 120 works. In the years up to 1921, the inventory grew again by more than 250 works by young painters such as
1010:
495:
576:
534:
52:. On 10 December 1892 he received his doctorate in medicine and began work as a resident dentist in Vienna. At the age of 25, Heinrich Rieger married 23-year-old
150:
in Vienna. However, the Grimschitz list of estimates of the collection, which was assumed to contain around 800 objects at the time, has been lost to this day.
1065:
611:
27:) was an Austrian dentist whose art collection was one of the most important in Austrian modern art. Rieger and his wife were murdered in the Holocaust.
933:
40:
Rieger was the son of Philipp and Eva Rieger, née Schulhof. He was born in Sereď an der Waag in the administrative district of Pressburg (now
328:
157:
Before being murdered by the Nazis, Rieger sold a total of twenty-six works, including Schiele's "Embrace" and "Cardinal and Nun" as well as
1075:
706:
147:
165:
in 1939 and 1940, respectively. Another large part of the Rieger collection was acquired in March 1941 by the Austrian graphic artist
911:
766:
a pocket-size oil that Schiele painted in 1907, was to have gone on sale on Nov. 27 at the Dorotheum, Vienna's leading auction house
748:
428:
363:
72:
The Embrace by Egon Schiele, oil on canvas, formerly part of the Rieger Collection - today owned by the Austrian Gallery Belvedere.
1040:
56:, daughter of a café owner, in Sereď on 30 May 1893. The couple had three children. On 28 March 1901, Rieger acquired a villa in
992:
707:"The Expropriation and Economic Destruction of the Jews in Germany and Western Europe | ehri online course in holocaust studies"
184:
The Rieger Collection was thus dismantled. However, some of Egon Schiele's drawings from the Rieger Collection are still lost.
868:
1060:
1007:
488:
786:
117:
private rooms in Vienna, in his practice rooms, and in his villa in Gablitz, Linzerstr. 99, open to a limited public only.
44:), which at that time belonged to the Hungarian half of the empire. After graduating from the "Reformed Obergymnasium" in
405:
Austrian modernists. According to the German advisory commission, Rieger may have owned as many as 150 pieces by Schiele.
838:
202:
1050:
1045:
283:
996:
813:
249:
234:
173:, ran an art shop in Vienna that had emerged from the aryanized art dealership Gall and Goldmann owned by
193:
24:
1035:
1030:
612:"THE ZEALOUS COLLECTOR -- A special report.; A Singular Passion For Amassing Art, One Way or Another"
241:(1917). The heirs of Karl Maylaender also filed suit against Lehman. Lehman then sued both families.
170:
270:
198:
528:
53:
678:"German Nazi loot panel urges return of Schiele work at Museum Ludwig to Jewish dentist's heirs"
577:"German Nazi loot panel urges return of Schiele work at Museum Ludwig to Jewish dentist's heirs"
158:
903:
740:
619:
516:
434:
424:
369:
359:
334:
324:
293:
127:
Before March 1938, the collection should have included around 120 to 150 drawings by Schiele.
102:
90:
143:
1014:
94:
82:
266:
226:
In 2002 the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien requested that the Austrian police seize
162:
106:
86:
230:(1907) by Egon Schiele, asserting that it had been looted from the Rieger collection.
1024:
320:
Irgendwo : Wien, Theresienstadt und die Welt : die Sammlung Heinrich Rieger
166:
677:
298:
178:
98:
78:
964:
778:
387:
110:
648:
68:
41:
907:
744:
623:
338:
520:
438:
373:
174:
136:
934:"Who really owns this Schiele watercolour Portrait of the Artist's Wife?"
839:"Who really owns this Schiele watercolour Portrait of the Artist's Wife?"
418:
353:
45:
20:
57:
318:
49:
965:"Egon Schiele Work Restituted by Museum Ludwig to Sell at Sotheby's"
779:"Egon Schiele Work Restituted by Museum Ludwig to Sell at Sotheby's"
420:
Was einmal war : Handbuch der enteigneten Kunstsammlungen Wiens
388:"Egon Schiele Work Restituted by Museum Ludwig to Sell at Sotheby's"
355:
Was einmal war : Handbuch der enteigneten Kunstsammlungen Wiens
192:
On 24 September 1942, the Nazis deported Rieger and his wife to the
869:"Cologne : une œuvre spoliée d'Egon Schiele bientôt restituée"
121:
works of art, including Schiele's oil painting "Cardinal and Nun".
67:
139:
with Nazi Germany, Rieger was persecuted because he was Jewish.
146:, a Nazi who was Deputy Director and Acting Director of the
489:"Dr. Heinrich Rieger und seine Kunstsammlung in Gablitz"
896:"Austrian Police Seize Art Said to Be Stolen by Nazis"
733:"Austrian Police Seize Art Said to Be Stolen by Nazis"
1056:
Austrian people who died in the Theresienstadt Ghetto
1002:
Stichwortartiger Lebenslauf Riegers auf der Web-Site
938:
The Art Newspaper - International art news and events
289:List of claims for restitution for Nazi-looted art
513:Exposition d'art autrichien : mai-juin, 1937
1071:Art and cultural repatriation after World War II
246:Kauernder weiblicher Akt (Crouching Female Nude)
161:'s "Arms in the Spirit", to the Nazi art dealer
1006:des Deutschen Zentrums fĂĽr Kulturgutverluste (
8:
23:, Austria-Hungary – 17 October 1942 in the
814:"Stolen Paintings Fueling Family Conflict"
610:Dobrzynski, Judith H. (24 December 1997).
533:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
233:In 2016 Rieger's heirs filed suit against
154:forced to sell artworks in November 1938.
665:of Dr Heinrich Rieger on 15 October 2005.
993:Literature by and about Heinrich Rieger
309:
526:
944:from the original on 15 November 2021
587:from the original on 22 February 2021
501:from the original on 5 November 2020.
7:
894:Green, Peter S. (16 November 2002).
731:Green, Peter S. (16 November 2002).
201:was deported from Theresienstadt to
48:in 1885, Rieger studied medicine in
1066:Subjects of Nazi art appropriations
265:Provenienzforschung im Auftrag des
14:
561:from the original on 9 May 2021.
148:Ă–sterreichische Galerie Belvedere
812:Henry, Marilyn (21 April 2006).
789:from the original on 9 May 2021
358:. Wien: Czernin. p. 969.
269:. Dezember 2009. Seiten 17f. (
131:Anschluss and Nazi persecution
60:, in which he also practiced.
1:
649:"Josef Dobrowsky (1889-1964)"
239:Portrait of the Artist's Wife
263:Dossier Dr. Heinrich Rieger.
1076:People from Austria-Hungary
1092:
235:Robert "Robin" Owen Lehman
219:Claims for Nazi-looted art
36:Education and early years
711:training.ehri-project.eu
284:The Holocaust in Austria
135:After the 13 March 1938
1041:Austrian art collectors
997:German National Library
843:www.theartnewspaper.com
581:www.theartnewspaper.com
417:Lillie, Sophie (2003).
352:Lillie, Sophie (2003).
317:Fischer, Lisa (2008).
250:Marianne Feilchenfeldt
73:
1061:Jewish art collectors
194:Theresienstadt ghetto
169:, who, together with
71:
64:The Rieger Collection
25:Theresienstadt ghetto
19:(25 December 1868 in
1013:14 May 2021 at the
940:. 29 October 2019.
873:www.artnewspaper.fr
583:. 8 February 2021.
1051:People from Vienna
900:The New York Times
875:. 10 February 2021
737:The New York Times
616:The New York Times
244:In 2021 Schiele's
74:
1046:Austrian dentists
963:Villa, Angelica.
914:on 1 January 2014
845:. 29 October 2019
751:on 1 January 2014
682:www.lootedart.com
653:www.christies.com
423:. Wien: Czernin.
330:978-3-7076-0255-5
294:Portrait of Wally
261:Michael Wladika:
103:Albin Egger-Lienz
1083:
981:
980:
978:
976:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
930:
924:
923:
921:
919:
910:. Archived from
891:
885:
884:
882:
880:
865:
859:
858:
852:
850:
835:
829:
828:
826:
824:
809:
803:
802:
796:
794:
775:
769:
768:
758:
756:
747:. Archived from
728:
722:
721:
719:
717:
703:
697:
696:
690:
688:
674:
668:
667:
661:
659:
645:
639:
638:
632:
630:
607:
601:
600:
594:
592:
573:
567:
566:
560:
553:
545:
539:
538:
532:
524:
509:
503:
502:
500:
493:
485:
479:
478:
472:
470:
464:
458:. Archived from
457:
449:
443:
442:
414:
408:
407:
401:
399:
384:
378:
377:
349:
343:
342:
314:
144:Bruno Grimschitz
1091:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1021:
1020:
1015:Wayback Machine
989:
984:
974:
972:
962:
961:
957:
947:
945:
932:
931:
927:
917:
915:
893:
892:
888:
878:
876:
867:
866:
862:
848:
846:
837:
836:
832:
822:
820:
811:
810:
806:
792:
790:
777:
776:
772:
764:Wayside Shrine,
754:
752:
730:
729:
725:
715:
713:
705:
704:
700:
686:
684:
676:
675:
671:
657:
655:
647:
646:
642:
628:
626:
609:
608:
604:
590:
588:
575:
574:
570:
558:
551:
547:
546:
542:
525:
515:. Paris. 1937.
511:
510:
506:
498:
491:
487:
486:
482:
468:
466:
462:
455:
451:
450:
446:
431:
416:
415:
411:
397:
395:
386:
385:
381:
366:
351:
350:
346:
331:
316:
315:
311:
307:
280:
267:Leopold Museums
258:
221:
212:
190:
159:Josef Dobrowsky
133:
95:Anton Faistauer
83:Oskar Kokoschka
66:
38:
33:
17:Heinrich Rieger
12:
11:
5:
1089:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1000:
988:
987:External links
985:
983:
982:
955:
925:
886:
860:
830:
804:
770:
723:
698:
669:
640:
602:
568:
540:
504:
480:
444:
429:
409:
379:
364:
344:
329:
308:
306:
303:
302:
301:
296:
291:
286:
279:
276:
275:
274:
257:
254:
237:for Schiele's
228:Wayside Shrine
220:
217:
211:
208:
189:
186:
171:Ernst Edhoffer
163:Friedrich Welz
132:
129:
91:Käthe Kollwitz
87:Oskar Reichert
65:
62:
37:
34:
32:
29:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1088:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1001:
998:
994:
991:
990:
986:
971:. Artnet News
970:
969:lootedart.com
966:
959:
956:
943:
939:
935:
929:
926:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
890:
887:
874:
870:
864:
861:
857:
844:
840:
834:
831:
819:
815:
808:
805:
801:
788:
784:
783:lootedart.com
780:
774:
771:
767:
765:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:
724:
712:
708:
702:
699:
695:
683:
679:
673:
670:
666:
654:
650:
644:
641:
637:
625:
621:
617:
613:
606:
603:
599:
586:
582:
578:
572:
569:
565:
557:
550:
544:
541:
536:
530:
522:
518:
514:
508:
505:
497:
490:
484:
481:
477:
465:on 9 May 2021
461:
454:
448:
445:
440:
436:
432:
430:3-7076-0049-1
426:
422:
421:
413:
410:
406:
393:
392:lootedart.com
389:
383:
380:
375:
371:
367:
365:3-7076-0049-1
361:
357:
356:
348:
345:
340:
336:
332:
326:
322:
321:
313:
310:
304:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
281:
277:
272:
268:
264:
260:
259:
255:
253:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
231:
229:
224:
218:
216:
209:
207:
204:
200:
195:
187:
185:
182:
180:
176:
172:
168:
167:Luigi Kasimir
164:
160:
155:
151:
149:
145:
140:
138:
130:
128:
125:
122:
118:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
70:
63:
61:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
35:
30:
28:
26:
22:
18:
1003:
973:. Retrieved
968:
958:
946:. Retrieved
937:
928:
916:. Retrieved
912:the original
899:
889:
877:. Retrieved
872:
863:
854:
847:. Retrieved
842:
833:
821:. Retrieved
817:
807:
798:
791:. Retrieved
782:
773:
763:
760:
753:. Retrieved
749:the original
736:
726:
714:. Retrieved
710:
701:
692:
685:. Retrieved
681:
672:
663:
656:. Retrieved
652:
643:
634:
627:. Retrieved
615:
605:
596:
589:. Retrieved
580:
571:
562:
543:
512:
507:
483:
474:
467:. Retrieved
460:the original
447:
419:
412:
403:
396:. Retrieved
391:
382:
354:
347:
319:
312:
299:Aryanization
262:
245:
243:
238:
232:
227:
225:
222:
213:
199:Berta Rieger
191:
183:
179:Aryanization
156:
152:
141:
134:
126:
123:
119:
115:
99:Karl Sterrer
79:Egon Schiele
75:
39:
16:
15:
1036:1942 deaths
1031:1868 births
975:15 November
948:15 November
918:15 November
818:The Forward
785:. Artnews.
323:. Czernin.
188:Deportation
111:Franz Stuck
54:Bertha Klug
1025:Categories
305:References
256:Literature
107:Liebermann
42:Bratislava
999:catalogue
908:0362-4331
745:0362-4331
624:0362-4331
529:cite book
394:. ARTnews
339:228041935
203:Auschwitz
175:Elsa Gall
137:Anschluss
1011:Archived
1004:Lost Art
942:Archived
856:auction.
787:Archived
585:Archived
556:Archived
521:10692071
496:Archived
439:53902915
374:53902915
278:See also
46:Budapest
995:in the
58:Gablitz
1008:online
906:
743:
694:there.
622:
519:
437:
427:
372:
362:
337:
327:
271:online
210:Family
109:, and
50:Vienna
879:9 May
849:9 May
823:9 May
793:9 May
755:9 May
716:9 May
687:9 May
658:9 May
629:9 May
591:9 May
559:(PDF)
552:(PDF)
499:(PDF)
492:(PDF)
469:9 May
463:(PDF)
456:(PDF)
398:9 May
21:SereÄŹ
977:2021
950:2021
920:2021
904:ISSN
881:2021
851:2021
825:2021
795:2021
757:2021
741:ISSN
718:2021
689:2021
660:2021
631:2021
620:ISSN
593:2021
535:link
517:OCLC
471:2021
435:OCLC
425:ISBN
400:2021
370:OCLC
360:ISBN
335:OCLC
325:ISBN
81:and
31:Life
1027::
967:.
936:.
902:.
898:.
871:.
853:.
841:.
816:.
797:.
781:.
759:.
739:.
735:.
709:.
691:.
680:.
662:.
651:.
633:.
618:.
614:.
595:.
579:.
554:.
531:}}
527:{{
494:.
473:.
433:.
402:.
390:.
368:.
333:.
113:.
105:,
101:,
97:,
93:,
1017:)
979:.
952:.
922:.
883:.
827:.
720:.
537:)
523:.
441:.
376:.
341:.
273:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
