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Heinrich von Wild

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234:, who became the director of the Observatory in 1916, studied Wild's archive and wrote in his memoir about Wild's scientific achievements, management style, and frictions with the petty Russian bureaucracy. "Wild was a man of great learning and extraordinary industriousness. He left an enormous quantity of computational works; apparently, he wanted to derive general laws from the massive volume of observations. He subjected these observations to harmonic analysis with annual and daily periods for a given location and attempted to apply expansions in spherical harmonics to different locations, similar to what Gauss did in relation to terrestrial magnetism. He built original and most accurate magnetic devices, stationary for the magnetic observatory in Pavlovsk and portable for magnetic surveys. 238:
turned out that on the occasion of a severe winter, stored firewood was not sufficient, and the supervisor asked permission to buy firewood out of the amount marked for another paragraph in the budget. By accounting rules, it was permissible to transfer amounts from one article to another, but to transfer amounts from one paragraph to another was not. Apparently not knowing this rule, Wild gave his permission. The Control ordered to recover unauthorized expenditure from him. Hence, the correspondence began.
83: 61: 46: 317: 242:(amende) on him. The Swiss ambassador notified Wild that he sent a protest to the State Control through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, a copy of this protest being enclosed. Most surprising, the State Control sent a letter of apology in French through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, saying that the recovery (pénalité) was not a fine (amende), was imposed by unfortunate misunderstanding, and was removed." Krylov includes several anecdotes of this sort. 28: 381: 237:
He strictly monitored the employees’ work. From each year of his administration, bound notebooks survived titled Berichte des Smotritels (Supervisors’ Accounts) and Tagebuch (Diary). Browsing through Berichte des Smotritels, I noticed Wild’s comment, “See correspondence with the state controller.” It
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Being in the Russian Civil Service with the rank of a privy councilor and the title of academician, the Swiss citizen Heinrich Wild wrote a letter to the Swiss ambassador, asking for protection from the cavils of the State Control and an insult (offense) to his dignity by the imposition of a fine
192:. He enlarged that institution into a central meteorological bureau and laid the fondation of the extensive meteorological system of Switzerland. He was appointed director of the Swiss federal Commission to maintain the Standards of Weights and Measures in 1864. In 1868 he was called to 497: 269:, the creation of which he presided to by representing Russia successively in the International Metre Commission, the Committee for Preparatory Research, the Permanent Committee which was boycotted by Russia, 492: 487: 266: 141: 512: 217: 293: 221: 145: 472: 297: 431: 435: 301: 128:
and developed meteorological instruments. He contributed significantly to international scientific collaboration in the fields of
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in COMlTÉ INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES. PROCÈS-VERBAUX DES SÉANCES. DEUXIÈME SÉRIE. TOME II. SESSION DE 1903. pp. 5-7.
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inviting his French counterpart to undertake joint action in order to ensure the use of the
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in all scientific work. Then he was a fervent promoter of the foundation of a permanent
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as a representative of Russia at the Paris diplomatic Conference which resulted in the
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Wild was elected an extraordinary member in 1868, then ordinary member of the
173: 177: 129: 117: 27: 76: 274: 270: 209: 181: 450: 333: 225: 165: 352:, founded by himself in 1865 and 1869 respectively; and also in the 196:, where he completely reorganized the observatory and established a 384: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the 315: 277:, the International Committee for Weights and Measures and at the 262: 157: 224:. Until his retirement in 1895 he remained in the service of the 328:—a form of saccharimeter—a polarization photometer, a magnetic 189: 95:
For another Swiss theodolite inventor with a similar name, see
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Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
393:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Wild, Heinrich". 332:, and various new optical methods for comparing measures of 212:. He represented Russia at the diplomatic conférence of the 411:, Version of 11 November 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2023. 493:
Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
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Annalem des physikalischen Observatoriums fĂŒr Russland
422:, Version of 22 mai 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2023. 69: 53: 38: 18: 370:, tables, atlas, etc., 1876; German and Russian). 488:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 308:in 1895. He died at Zurich on 5 September 1902. 218:International Committee for Weights and Measures 204:and founded the meteorological observatories at 142:International Committee of Weights and Measures 267:International Bureau for Weights and Measures 220:. In 1879, he was appointed president of the 8: 368:Temperature Conditions in the Russian Empire 364:TemperaturverhĂ€ltnisse des russischen Reichs 380: 81: 59: 44: 26: 15: 344:Many of his papers were published in the 294:National Academy of Sciences of Argentina 222:International Meteorological Organization 146:International Meteorological Organization 420:Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS) 409:Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS) 245:In 1869, Heinrich von Wild, alongside 399:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. 288:in 1870, corresponding member of the 7: 298:American Academy of Art and Sciences 255:Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences 156:He was born on 17 December 1833 at 350:Neues Repertorium fĂŒr Meteorologie 279:Diplomatic Conference of the Metre 14: 513:Privy Councillor (Russian Empire) 436:World Meteorological Organization 302:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 140:of 1875, then as a member of the 379: 292:in 1881, honorary member of the 396:New International Encyclopedia 360:International Polar Commission 1: 426:Heinrich VON WILD (1833-1902) 473:19th-century Swiss inventors 290:Prussian Academy of Sciences 176:. In 1858 he was appointed 529: 286:Russian Academy of Science 259:French Academy of Sciences 253:, wrote a report from the 94: 451:"Professor Krylov's Navy" 120:who established a modern 34: 25: 320:Wild's Polaristrobometer 144:and as president of the 296:in 1883, member of the 247:Otto Wilhelm von Struve 164:), and was educated at 321: 200:system throughout the 124:system throughout the 57:5 September 1902  42:17 December 1833  319: 483:Swiss meteorologists 414:Anne-Marie Dubler: " 306:Accademia dei Lincei 184:and director of the 148:from 1879 to 1896. 322: 226:Russian government 109:(1833–1902) was a 416:Metrisches System 326:polaristrobometer 257:addressed to the 251:Moritz von Jacobi 103:Heinrich von Wild 93: 92: 20:Heinrich von Wild 520: 478:Swiss physicists 454: 449:Krylov, Alexey. 400: 383: 382: 324:He invented the 304:in 1891 and the 214:Metre Convention 194:Saint Petersburg 138:Metre Convention 86: 85: 64: 63: 49: 48: 30: 16: 528: 527: 523: 522: 521: 519: 518: 517: 458: 457: 448: 445: 403:Viktor GorgĂ©: " 389: 376: 342: 314: 154: 107:Heinrich Wild I 100: 89: 80: 58: 43: 21: 12: 11: 5: 526: 524: 516: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 460: 459: 456: 455: 444: 443:External links 441: 440: 439: 432:History of IMO 429: 423: 412: 405:Wild, Heinrich 401: 375: 372: 341: 338: 313: 310: 198:meteorological 153: 150: 126:Russian empire 122:meteorological 91: 90: 88: 87: 73: 71: 67: 66: 55: 51: 50: 40: 36: 35: 32: 31: 23: 22: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 525: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 468:Swiss writers 466: 465: 463: 452: 447: 446: 442: 437: 433: 430: 427: 424: 421: 417: 413: 410: 406: 402: 398: 397: 392: 391:Gilman, D. C. 387: 386:public domain 378: 377: 373: 371: 369: 365: 361: 357: 356: 351: 347: 339: 337: 335: 331: 327: 318: 311: 309: 307: 303: 300:in 1885, the 299: 295: 291: 287: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 243: 239: 235: 233: 232:Alexey Krylov 229: 227: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 162:Canton Zurich 159: 151: 149: 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 114:meteorologist 112: 108: 104: 98: 97:Heinrich Wild 84: 78: 75: 74: 72: 68: 62: 56: 52: 47: 41: 37: 33: 29: 24: 17: 425: 419: 408: 394: 367: 363: 355:Mitteilungen 353: 349: 345: 343: 323: 283: 244: 240: 236: 230: 155: 106: 102: 101: 508:1902 deaths 503:1833 births 216:and at the 186:observatory 134:meteorology 462:Categories 374:References 330:theodolite 312:Inventions 174:Heidelberg 170:Königsberg 70:Occupation 281:in 1875. 178:professor 152:Biography 130:metrology 118:physicist 65:(aged 68) 348:and the 206:Pavlovsk 77:Academic 418:", in: 407:", in: 388::  358:of the 340:Writing 275:Germany 271:Austria 210:Irkutsk 182:physics 334:length 202:Empire 172:, and 166:Zurich 79:  263:metre 158:Uster 111:Swiss 273:and 249:and 208:and 190:Bern 132:and 116:and 54:Died 39:Born 188:at 180:of 105:or 464:: 434:, 336:. 228:. 168:, 453:. 438:. 366:( 160:( 99:.

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Academic
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Heinrich Wild
Swiss
meteorologist
physicist
meteorological
Russian empire
metrology
meteorology
Metre Convention
International Committee of Weights and Measures
International Meteorological Organization
Uster
Canton Zurich
Zurich
Königsberg
Heidelberg
professor
physics
observatory
Bern
Saint Petersburg
meteorological
Empire
Pavlovsk
Irkutsk

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