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time of death of the testators, thus resulting in significant economic advantage accruing to children during their adult years. The origin of the stability of inequalities is material (personal possessions one is able to obtain) and is also cultural, rooted either in varying child-rearing practices that are geared to socialization according to social class and economic position. Child-rearing practices among those who inherit wealth may center around favoring some groups at the expense of others at the bottom of the
352:(Penguin, 2006), not only succession but the whole constellation of rights and practices that included marriage, adoption, legitimacy, consanguinity, and inheritance changed in Western Europe from a Greco-Roman model to a Judeo-Christian pattern, based on Biblical and traditional Judeo-Christian principles. The transformation was essentially complete in the Middle Ages, although in English-speaking countries there was additional development under the influence of
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379:, for example, a son is entitled to twice as much inheritance as a daughter. The Quran also presented efforts to fix the laws of inheritance, and thus forming a complete legal system. This development was in contrast to pre-Islamic societies where rules of inheritance varied considerably. In addition to the above changes, the Quran imposed restrictions on
529:. Lower amounts of human capital and inheritance can perpetuate inequality in the housing market and higher education. Research reveals that inheritance plays an important role in the accumulation of housing wealth. Those who receive an inheritance are more likely to own a home than those who do not regardless of the size of the inheritance.
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were not entitled to inheritance in pre-Islamic times, mentioning nine relatives specifically of which six were female and three were male. However, the inheritance rights of women remained inferior to those of men because in Islam someone always has a responsibility of looking after a woman's expenses. According to
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educational attainment compared with whites in
America. Individuals with a substantial amount of wealth and inheritance often intermarry with others of the same social class to protect their wealth and ensure the continuous transmission of inheritance across generations; thus perpetuating a cycle of privilege.
525:. In fact, children of well-off parents generally receive better schooling and benefit from material, cultural, and genetic inheritances. Likewise, schooling attainment is often persistent across generations and families with higher amounts of inheritance are able to acquire and transmit higher amounts of
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introduced a number of different rights and restrictions on matters of inheritance, including general improvements to the treatment of women and family life compared to the pre-Islamic societies that existed in the
Arabian Peninsula at the time. Furthermore, the Quran introduced additional heirs that
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succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters. Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender
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When social and economic inequalities centered on inheritance are perpetuated by major social institutions such as family, education, religion, etc., these differing life opportunities are argued to be transmitted from each generation. As a result, this inequality is believed to become part of the
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article reveals that the U.S. is the world's wealthiest nation, but "ranks twenty-ninth in life expectancy, right behind Jordan and Bosnia" and "has the second highest mortality rate of the comparable OECD countries". This has been regarded as highly attributed to the significant gap of inheritance
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transfers (i.e. gifts between the living), especially at crucial junctures in the life courses. Examples include during a child's milestone stages, such as going to college, getting married, getting a job, and purchasing a home. The third form of inheritance is the transfers of bulk estates at the
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In cases of unequal inheritance, the majority might receive a small amount while the minority inherits a larger amount. The amount of inheritance is often far less than the value of a business initially given to the son, especially when a son takes over a thriving multimillion-dollar business, yet
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in disposing his or her property. Three verses of the Quran, 4:11, 4:12 and 4:176, give specific details of inheritance and shares, in addition to few other verses dealing with testamentary. But this information was used as a starting point by Muslim jurists who expounded the laws of inheritance
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It is further argued that the degree to which economic status and inheritance is transmitted across generations determines one's life chances in society. Although many have linked one's social origins and educational attainment to life chances and opportunities, education cannot serve as the most
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some economists and sociologists focus on the inter generational transmission of income or wealth which is said to have a direct impact on one's mobility (or immobility) and class position in society. Nations differ on the political structure and policy options that govern the transfer of wealth.
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Arguments for eliminating forced heirship include the right to property and the merit of individual allocation of capital over government wealth confiscation and redistribution, but this does not resolve what some describe as the problem of unequal inheritance. In terms of inheritance inequality,
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among other sources. All these sources agree that the firstborn son is entitled to a double portion of his father's estate. This means that, for example, if a father left five sons, the firstborn receives a third of the estate and each of the other four receives a sixth. If he left nine sons, the
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Other research has shown that many inheritances, large or small, are rapidly squandered. Similarly, analysis shows that over two-thirds of high-wealth families lose their wealth within two generations, and almost 80% of high-wealth parents "feel the next generation is not financially responsible
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According to the
American federal government statistics compiled by Mark Zandi in 1985, the average US inheritance was $ 39,000. In subsequent years, the overall amount of total annual inheritance more than doubled, reaching nearly $ 200 billion. By 2050, there will be an estimated $ 25 trillion
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Later, in
Numbers 36, some of the heads of the families of the tribe of Manasseh come to Moses and point out that, if a daughter inherits and then marries a man not from her paternal tribe, her land will pass from her birth-tribe's inheritance into her marriage-tribe's. So a further rule is laid
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Women's unequal inheritance rights refer to the disparities and discriminatory practices that women face in inheriting property and assets compared to men. These inequalities stem from a combination of legal, cultural, and religious practices that often prioritize male heirs over female ones,
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Often, racial or religious minorities and individuals from socially disadvantaged backgrounds receive less inheritance and wealth. As a result, mixed races might be excluded in inheritance privilege and are more likely to rent homes or live in poorer neighborhoods, as well as achieve lower
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suggests that this generation "is in the midst of benefiting from the greatest inheritance of wealth in history". Inherited wealth may help explain why many
Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start". In September 2012, according to the
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the daughter is given the balance of the actual inheritance amounting to far less than the value of the business that was initially given to the son. This is especially seen in old world cultures, but continues in many families to this day.
222:, which allows disinheritance only under specifically enumerated circumstances), a person who would be an heir under intestate laws may be disinherited completely under the terms of a will (an example is that of the will of comedian
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down: if a daughter inherits land, she must marry someone within her father's tribe. (The daughters of
Zelophehad marry the sons' of their father's brothers. There is no indication that this was not their choice.)
356:. Even when Europe became secularized and Christianity faded into the background, the legal foundation Christendom had laid remained. Only in the era of modern jurisprudence have there been significant changes.
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come to Moses and ask for their father's inheritance, as they have no brothers. The order of inheritance is set out: a man's sons inherit first, daughters if no sons, brothers if he has no children, and so on.
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in 306, Christians both began to distance themselves from
Judaism and to have influence on the law and practices of secular institutions. From the beginning, this included inheritance. The Roman practice of
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A person does not become an heir, since the exact identity of the persons entitled to inherit is determined only then. Members of ruling noble or royal houses who are expected to become heirs are called
610:, any money collected in the course of a lifetime is justified if it was based on the fruits of the person's own labor and not from exploiting others. The first communist government installed after the
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laws if the deceased had no will. However, the will must comply with the laws of the jurisdiction at the time it was created or it will be declared invalid (for example, some states do not recognise
48:
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The inheritance is patrimonial. The father —that is, the owner of the land— bequeaths only to his male descendants, so the
Promised Land passes from one Jewish father to his sons. According to the
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436:" which prohibits disinheritance of adult children except for a few narrowly-defined reasons that a parent is obligated to prove. Other legal traditions, particularly in nations using
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The New Forced
Heirship in Louisiana: Historical Perspectives, Comparative Law Analyses and Reflections upon the Integration of New Structures into a Classical Civil Law System
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firstborn receives a fifth and each of the other eight receive a tenth. If the eldest surviving son is not the firstborn son, he is not entitled to the double portion.
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at the societal level. The total cumulative effect of inheritance on stratification outcomes takes three forms, according to scholars who have examined the subject.
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laws of inheritance, praising them above other law codes of their time. They also agreed that the firstborn son must receive a double portion of his father's estate.
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503:(i.e. linguistic styles, higher status social circles, and aesthetic preferences). The second form of inheritance is through familial interventions in the form of
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Edmond N. Cahn. Restraints on
Disinheritance University of Pennsylvania Law Review and American Law Register, Vol. 85, No. 2 (Dec., 1936), pp. 139-153
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The exclusion from inheritance of a person who was an heir in a previous will, or would otherwise be expected to inherit, is termed "disinheritance".
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226:; his will specifically disinherited his six children by his first wife, and their descendants, leaving his entire estate to his second wife).
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often have the highest rates of homicide and disease (such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension) which results in high mortality rates. A
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Flippen, Chenoa A. "Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Homeownership and Housing Equity." The Sociological Quarterly, Volume 42, No. 2 p. 134
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Dynastic wealth is monetary inheritance that is passed on to generations that did not earn it. Dynastic wealth is linked to the term
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Shapiro, Thomas M. The Hidden Cost of Being African American: How Wealth Perpetuates Inequality. Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 5
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424:, for example, the right of children to inherit wealth from parents in pre-defined ratios is enshrined in law, as far back as the
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This article is about passing on of property or other rights or obligations after a person's death. For inheritance of genes, see
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studies have been made about customs of patrimonial inheritance, where only male children can inherit. Some cultures also employ
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Contrasting legal conceptions of family obligation and financial reciprocity in the support of older people: France and England
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The distribution of the inherited wealth has varied greatly among different cultures and legal traditions. In nations using
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If there were no living sons and no descendants of any previously living sons, daughters inherit. In Numbers 27, the five
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Inheritance by amount and distribution received and action taken with inheritances in Great Britain between 2008 and 2010
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generation. Historically, the baby boomers were the largest influx of children conceived after WW2. For this reason,
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Angel, Jacqueline L. Inheritance in Contemporary America: The Social Dimensions of Giving across Generations. p. 35
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At first, Christianity did not have its own inheritance traditions distinct from Judaism. With the accession of
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Rokicka, Ewa. "Local policy targeted at reducing inheritance of inequalities in European countries." May 2006.
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Except in some jurisdictions where a person cannot be legally disinherited (such as the United States state of
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488:. Inheritance is an integral component of family, economic, and legal institutions, and a basic mechanism of
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428:(ca. 1750 BC). In the US State of Louisiana, the only US state where the legal system is derived from the
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169:. There is a further concept of joint inheritance, pending renunciation by all but one, which is called
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if first in line and incapable of being displaced from inheriting by another claim; otherwise, they are
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575:. Much has been written about the rise and influence of dynastic wealth including the bestselling book
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was a specific target, because it was perceived to be in conflict with the Judeo-Christian doctrine of
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where the decedent was a citizen, or where the decedent died or owned property at the time of death.
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Davies, James B. "The Relative Impact of Inheritance and Other Factors on Economic Inequality". The
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472:"grew up in substantial privilege", and often (but not always) received substantial inheritances.
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867:"Sefer ha-yerushot: ʻim yeter ha-mikhtavim be-divre ha-halakhah be-ʻAravit uve-ʻIvrit uve-Aramit"
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inequality in the country, although there are clearly other factors such as the affordability of
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Piketty, Thomas, "Capital in the Twenty-First Century". Harvard University Press, Mar 10, 2014
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1311:(Edited By) Miller, Robert K., McNamee, Stephen L. Inheritance and Wealth in America. p. 4
1302:(Edited By) Miller, Robert K., McNamee, Stephen J. Inheritance and Wealth in America. p. 2
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101:. The rules of inheritance differ among societies and have changed over time. Officially
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26 July 2006 USA Today article on dilemma the rich face when leaving wealth to children
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Pérez-González, Francisco (1 November 2006). "Inherited Control and Firm Performance".
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1157:"You call this a meritocracy? How rich inheritance is poisoning the American economy"
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was entitled to receive twice as much of his father's inheritance as the other sons (
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Clignet, Remi. Death, Deeds, and Descendants: Inheritance in Modern America. p. 3
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as valid, or only in specific circumstances) and the intestate laws then apply.
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page 20 of "The Spirit Level"by Wilkinson & Pickett, Bloomsbury Press 2009
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resolved therefore to abolish the right of inheritance, with some exceptions.
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Dubner, Stephen. "How Big of a Deal Is Income Inequality? A Guest Post". The
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refer exclusively to succession to property by descent from a deceased dying
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heiress) is a person who is entitled to receive a share of property from a
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Marable, Manning. "Letter From America: Inheritance, Wealth and Race."
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and its application for Muslims is mandatory, though many peoples (see
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188:. Takers in property succeeded to under a will are termed generally
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Bowles, Samuel; Gintis, Herbert, "The Inheritance of Inequality."
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It has been argued that inheritance plays a significant effect on
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1985:
1725:
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1364:"How do mortality rates in the U.S. compare to other countries?"
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resulting in significant socio-economic consequences for women.
139:(a person who died), subject to the rules of inheritance in the
78:
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2250:
1500:
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70% of Rich Families Lose Their Wealth by the Second Generation
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1608:
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The inheritance may be either under the terms of a will or by
636:, under which a portion of any inheritance or estate becomes
27:
Practice of passing on property upon the death of individuals
972:. Vol. 7 (second ed.). Brill Academic Publishers.
2246:
516:
Sociological and economic effects of inheritance inequality
62:. "The Young Heir Takes Possession Of The Miser's Effects".
396:. Nowadays, inheritance is considered an integral part of
1496:
404:), despite being Muslim, have other inheritance customs.
3082:
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
591:
uses the term in his article "Why Inequality Matters".
1250:
One in three Americans who get an inheritance blow it
865:
Saʻadia ben Joseph, Joel Müller (28 September 1897).
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The first form of inheritance is the inheritance of
300:
The laws of Jewish inheritance are discussed in the
105:
private property and/or debts can be performed by a
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Ageing & Society, 18(2) March 1998, pp. 131-146
968:C.E. Bosworth; et al., eds. (1993). "Mīrāth".
3889:Socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor
455:Some researchers have attributed this rise to the
1223:"The 'Self-Made' Hallucination of America's Rich"
392:, as well as methods of juristic reasoning like
3687:Largest financial services companies by revenue
3682:Largest corporations by market capitalization
3293:
2262:
1512:
8:
1298:
1296:
830:
828:
452:inheritance transmitted across generations.
3884:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer
41:"Heir" redirects here. For other uses, see
3803:
3692:Largest manufacturing companies by revenue
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3320:
3300:
3286:
3278:
2613:
2269:
2255:
2247:
1996:
1519:
1505:
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1415:, "The Wall Street Journal", July 7, 2006
1006:"The Quranic Arabic Corpus - Translation"
47:
3702:Largest technology companies by revenue
711:
3770:Income inequality in the United States
3765:Wealth inequality in the United States
963:
961:
932:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
925:
3697:Largest software companies by revenue
1487:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). 1911.
1221:Pizzigati, Sam (September 24, 2012).
127:
7:
3677:Largest corporate profits and losses
1202:from the original on August 26, 2014
3750:Countries by number of billionaires
1452:Seventeen Moments in Soviet History
578:Capital in the Twenty-First Century
348:. As Stephanie Coontz documents in
1169:from the original on July 31, 2014
25:
3399:Primitive accumulation of capital
1016:from the original on 1 March 2017
366:Islamic inheritance jurisprudence
229:Inheritance has been compared to
3745:Cities by number of billionaires
3249:
3248:
1332:Journal of Economic Perspectives
1155:Bruenig, Matt (March 24, 2014).
846:from the original on 9 June 2013
264:Religious laws about inheritance
3946:The Theory of the Leisure Class
3821:Acquired situational narcissism
1190:"Inequality – Inherited wealth"
720:"LSU Law: Louisiana Civil Code"
660:Inheritance law in ancient Rome
476:enough to handle inheritance".
3760:Countries by wealth inequality
3360:History of economic inequality
2814:Right of way (property access)
2024:Genealogical numbering systems
1105:Quarterly Journal of Economics
1083:43 Loy. L. Rev. 1 (1997-1998)
675:Inheritance law in Switzerland
595:Soviet response to inheritance
402:Historical inheritance systems
243:Historical inheritance systems
1:
2163:International Day of Families
1823:Australian Aboriginal kinship
1437:, "LinkedIn", 15 October 2014
1054:Julia Twigg and Alain Grand.
877:– via Internet Archive.
69:is the practice of receiving
3727:Number of billionaire alumni
3672:Largest companies by revenue
1228:Institute for Policy Studies
470:Forbes richest 400 Americans
466:Institute for Policy Studies
36:Inheritance (disambiguation)
4011:Scots law legal terminology
3120:Two Treatises of Government
665:Inheritance law in Bulgaria
468:, "over 60 percent" of the
432:, this system is known as "
4042:
1448:"Abolition of Inheritance"
1335:Vol. 16, No. 3, 2002, p. 4
621:
559:overall social structure.
363:
240:
117:or by other lawful means.
40:
29:
3973:
3806:
3755:Countries by total wealth
3634:List of centibillionaires
3478:High-net-worth individual
3323:
3244:
2616:
2124:National Grandparents Day
1534:
1279:, Time.com, June 17, 2015
1108:, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 471
670:Inheritance law in Canada
536:Nations with the highest
521:influential predictor of
176:In modern law, the terms
3367:International inequality
3355:Consumption distribution
3172:The Great Transformation
2530:Labor theory of property
1435:"Why Inequality Matters"
1188:Staff (March 18, 2014).
745:American Economic Review
581:by the French economist
3443:Conspicuous consumption
2741:Forest-dwelling (India)
2703:restraint on alienation
2483:Common good (economics)
2216:Sociology of the family
2066:Philia (brotherly love)
1642:Second-degree relatives
1484:Encyclopædia Britannica
290:daughters of Zelophehad
3829:Argumentum ad crumenam
3180:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
2954:Primitive accumulation
2809:Right of way (transit)
2594:Tragedy of the commons
2476:fictitious commodities
2071:Storge (familial love)
1677:Third-degree relatives
1579:First-degree relatives
1275:June 28, 2021, at the
970:Encyclopaedia of Islam
836:"Nachalot - Chapter 2"
494:distribution of wealth
492:. It also affects the
417:
63:
34:. For other uses, see
4026:Social stratification
3960:The Wealth of Nations
3811:Diseases of affluence
3233:The Wealth of Nations
3213:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3205:The Ethics of Liberty
2180:National Adoption Day
2056:Agape (parental love)
1413:"Open the FloodGates"
757:10.1257/aer.96.5.1559
608:Labor Theory of Value
486:social stratification
480:Social stratification
415:
241:Further information:
51:
43:Heir (disambiguation)
3868:Venture philanthropy
3863:Philanthrocapitalism
3775:Most expensive items
3649:Wealthiest Americans
3629:list of billionaires
3328:Capital accumulation
3096:Progress and Poverty
2430:Common-pool resource
2236:Dysfunctional family
2221:Museum of Motherhood
2168:National Family Week
2034:Quarters of nobility
888:Hebrew-English Bible
806:Hebrew-English Bible
792:Hebrew-English Bible
778:Hebrew-English Bible
685:Transformative asset
490:class stratification
323:also comment on the
283:Deuteronomy 21:15–17
260:and/or birth order.
3924:Greek god of wealth
3835:Prosperity theology
3654:Wealthiest families
3639:Female billionaires
3473:Captain of industry
3448:Conspicuous leisure
3350:Income distribution
3345:Wealth distribution
3340:Economic inequality
3219:The Social Contract
2907:population transfer
2824:prior-appropriation
2503:homestead principle
2206:Wedding anniversary
2158:American Family Day
2114:Father–Daughter Day
2061:Eros (marital love)
1810:Kinship terminology
1478:"Inheritance"
1248:Elizabeth O'Brien.
655:Digital inheritance
542:wealth inequalities
388:even further using
350:Marriage, a History
337:Emperor Constantine
317:Philo of Alexandria
211:(except money), or
125:In law, an "heir" (
113:, as attested by a
3787:Wealthiest animals
3199:Murray N. Rothbard
2510:Free-rider problem
1966:collateral descent
1396:2008-12-16 at the
1380:. August 27, 2008.
1259:, Market Watch.com
1255:2018-02-01 at the
1133:2008-12-16 at the
1090:2018-04-29 at the
1061:2018-02-01 at the
638:government revenue
612:Russian Revolution
603:is founded on the
418:
310:Saadiah ben Joseph
64:
3993:
3992:
3969:
3968:
3858:The Giving Pledge
3795:
3794:
3605:
3604:
3275:
3274:
3186:What Is Property?
2979:human trafficking
2964:Regulatory taking
2839:
2838:
2584:Right to property
2244:
2243:
2044:
2043:
1961:Lineal descendant
1931:Bilateral descent
1684:Great-grandparent
1569:Matrifocal family
891:Deuteronomy 21:17
630:inheritance taxes
628:Many states have
523:economic mobility
426:Code of Hammurabi
209:personal property
195:and specifically
167:heirs presumptive
152:handwritten wills
134:
59:A Rake's Progress
16:(Redirected from
4033:
4016:Wills and trusts
3853:Gospel of Wealth
3804:
3614:
3425:
3416:
3333:Overaccumulation
3321:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3279:
3252:
3251:
3156:John Stuart Mill
3076:Friedrich Engels
3057:Frédéric Bastiat
3050:
2902:Forced migration
2870:Collectivization
2614:
2493:First possession
2466:Bundle of rights
2271:
2264:
2257:
2248:
2226:Astronaut family
1997:
1898:Iroquois kinship
1888:Sudanese kinship
1883:Hawaiian kinship
1858:Family of choice
1689:Great-grandchild
1564:Immediate family
1521:
1514:
1507:
1498:
1488:
1480:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1444:
1438:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1411:John J. Miller,
1409:
1403:
1402:
1387:
1381:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1266:
1260:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1137:
1128:Google pages.com
1124:
1118:
1115:
1109:
1100:
1094:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1052:
1046:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1010:corpus.quran.com
1002:
996:
990:
984:
983:
965:
956:
953:
947:
946:Spec. Leg. 2.130
944:
938:
937:
931:
923:
921:
920:
914:
908:. Archived from
907:
899:
893:
885:
879:
878:
876:
874:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
832:
823:
817:
811:
803:
797:
789:
783:
775:
769:
768:
751:(5): 1559–1588.
740:
734:
733:
731:
730:
724:lcco.law.lsu.edu
716:
510:social hierarchy
501:cultural capital
133:
132:
131:
126:
81:, entitlements,
71:private property
21:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4030:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3965:
3898:
3894:Too big to fail
3872:
3839:
3791:
3733:
3712:Philanthropists
3658:
3601:
3533:
3456:
3312:
3306:
3276:
3271:
3240:
3044:
3043:
3037:
2987:husband-selling
2924:Illegal logging
2919:Illegal fishing
2848:
2835:
2746:Freedom to roam
2719:
2632:(agrarian land)
2605:
2562:Property rights
2454:
2411:
2373:Estate (landed)
2356:
2280:
2275:
2245:
2240:
2184:
2085:
2040:
2029:Seize quartiers
1995:
1936:Common ancestor
1920:
1912:
1878:Chinese kinship
1873:Nurture kinship
1863:Fictive kinship
1804:
1764:
1753:daughter-in-law
1707:
1672:
1637:
1573:
1559:Conjugal family
1554:Extended family
1530:
1525:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1457:
1455:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1398:Wayback Machine
1388:
1384:
1375:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1283:
1277:Wayback Machine
1267:
1263:
1257:Wayback Machine
1247:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1170:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1135:Wayback Machine
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1101:
1097:
1092:Wayback Machine
1082:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1063:Wayback Machine
1053:
1049:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1017:
1004:
1003:
999:
991:
987:
980:
967:
966:
959:
954:
950:
945:
941:
924:
918:
916:
912:
905:
903:"Archived copy"
901:
900:
896:
886:
882:
872:
870:
869:. Ernest Leroux
864:
863:
859:
849:
847:
834:
833:
826:
818:
814:
804:
800:
795:Numbers 27:7–11
790:
786:
776:
772:
742:
741:
737:
728:
726:
718:
717:
713:
708:
690:Estate planning
646:
626:
624:Inheritance tax
620:
597:
569:
567:Dynastic wealth
518:
482:
434:forced heirship
430:Napoleonic Code
410:
368:
362:
333:
271:
266:
249:anthropological
245:
239:
129:
128:
123:
54:William Hogarth
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4039:
4037:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
3998:
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3914:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3807:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3722:Endowment size
3716:
3715:
3714:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3644:Richest royals
3641:
3636:
3631:
3622:
3620:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3543:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3504:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3419:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3324:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3282:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3257:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3111:
3106:
3104:Garrett Hardin
3101:
3100:
3099:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3073:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3053:
3051:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2899:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2875:Eminent domain
2872:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2858:Bioprospecting
2854:
2852:
2850:redistribution
2841:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2792:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2685:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2668:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2634:
2626:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2559:
2554:
2552:Natural rights
2549:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2468:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2134:Children's Day
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2011:
2009:Pedigree chart
2005:
2003:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1976:Patrilineality
1973:
1971:Matrilineality
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1893:Eskimo kinship
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1745:
1743:Sibling-in-law
1740:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1717:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1691:
1686:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1583:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1549:Nuclear family
1546:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1471:
1470:External links
1468:
1465:
1464:
1439:
1426:
1417:
1404:
1382:
1378:New York Times
1369:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1292:
1289:Legacy Matters
1281:
1268:Chris Taylor.
1261:
1241:
1213:
1180:
1147:
1138:
1119:
1110:
1095:
1076:
1067:
1047:
1027:
997:
985:
978:
957:
948:
939:
894:
880:
857:
840:www.chabad.org
824:
812:
798:
784:
781:Numbers 27:1–4
770:
735:
710:
709:
707:
704:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
680:Smart contract
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
645:
642:
622:Main article:
619:
616:
596:
593:
583:Thomas Piketty
568:
565:
547:New York Times
517:
514:
481:
478:
461:Thomas Shapiro
409:
406:
364:Main article:
361:
358:
332:
331:Christian laws
329:
270:
267:
265:
262:
238:
235:
163:heirs apparent
122:
119:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4038:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3718:Universities
3717:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3664:Organizations
3661:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3547:Concentration
3545:
3544:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
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306:Mishneh Torah
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3552:Distribution
3529:Robber baron
3438:Veblen goods
3433:Luxury goods
3422:
3413:
3260:Property law
3231:
3217:
3203:
3184:
3170:
3166:Karl Polanyi
3146:
3142:Marcel Mauss
3132:
3118:
3109:David Harvey
3094:
3090:Henry George
3080:
3071:Ronald Coase
3061:
3046:
2992:wife selling
2974:bride buying
2912:repatriation
2894:
2845:Disposession
2799:
2688:Property law
2670:
2663:
2659:Forest types
2629:
2621:
2610:Applications
2540:rent-seeking
2525:Gift economy
2383:Intellectual
2129:Parents' Day
2119:Siblings Day
2109:Father's Day
2097:Mother's Day
2081:Polyfidelity
2076:Filial piety
2001:Family trees
1955:
1903:Crow kinship
1853:Estrangement
1748:Child-in-law
1668:Niece/Nephew
1482:
1456:. Retrieved
1454:. 2015-08-26
1451:
1442:
1433:BILL GATES,
1429:
1420:
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1330:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1284:
1264:
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
1226:
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1193:
1183:
1171:. Retrieved
1160:
1150:
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1122:
1113:
1103:
1098:
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1070:
1050:
1030:
1020:28 September
1018:. Retrieved
1009:
1000:
988:
969:
951:
942:
917:. Retrieved
910:the original
897:
887:
883:
873:28 September
871:. Retrieved
860:
850:28 September
848:. Retrieved
839:
819:In tractate
815:
805:
801:
791:
787:
777:
773:
748:
744:
738:
727:. Retrieved
723:
714:
634:estate taxes
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519:
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383:powers of a
381:testamentary
369:
360:Islamic laws
349:
334:
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299:
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287:
275:Law of Moses
272:
253:sociological
246:
228:
217:
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204:
196:
189:
181:
177:
175:
159:
156:
145:
141:jurisdiction
124:
66:
65:
57:
4006:Inheritance
3911:Das Kapital
3780:by category
3502:Millionaire
3468:Billionaire
3426:(old money)
3423:Vieux riche
3417:(new money)
3408:Upper class
3134:Das Kapital
3021:progressive
3011:inheritance
2934:Land reform
2708:real estate
2683:Land tenure
2671:Inheritance
2599:anticommons
2535:Law of rent
2515:Game theory
2445:Information
2425:Common land
2322:Cooperative
1956:Inheritance
1941:Family name
1800:Stepsibling
1694:Great-uncle
1649:Grandparent
1401:(in Polish)
821:Baba Bathra
650:Beneficiary
505:inter vivos
457:baby boomer
269:Jewish laws
257:matrilineal
224:Jerry Lewis
215:for money.
178:inheritance
121:Terminology
103:bequeathing
91:obligations
67:Inheritance
4000:Categories
3983:by country
3932:Superclass
3577:Management
3387:Plutocracy
3265:by country
3227:Adam Smith
3114:John Locke
2778:indigenous
2773:aboriginal
2693:alienation
2388:indigenous
2378:Intangible
2292:Collective
2201:Only child
2146:Family Day
2019:Ahnentafel
1981:Progenitor
1843:Disownment
1788:stepmother
1783:stepfather
1778:Stepparent
1770:Stepfamily
1758:son-in-law
1698:Great-aunt
1654:Grandchild
1458:2021-01-06
1234:August 24,
1206:August 24,
1173:August 24,
955:Ant. 4.249
919:2013-04-02
809:Numbers 36
729:2022-07-19
706:References
695:Family law
589:Bill Gates
573:Plutocracy
553:healthcare
438:common law
408:Inequality
398:Sharia law
377:Quran 4:11
99:individual
83:privileges
4021:Ancestors
3816:Affluenza
3707:Charities
3572:Inherited
3567:Geography
3522:Ukrainian
3392:Plutonomy
3382:Overclass
3377:Oligarchy
3128:Karl Marx
2929:Land Back
2880:Enclosure
2863:biopiracy
2801:Bergregal
2783:squatting
2557:Ownership
2471:Commodity
2450:Knowledge
2361:By nature
2317:Customary
2307:Community
2211:Godparent
1918:Genealogy
1795:Stepchild
1544:Household
765:0002-8282
700:Civil law
601:Communism
422:civil law
304:, in the
247:Detailed
220:Louisiana
186:intestate
171:coparceny
148:intestate
93:upon the
3978:Category
3592:Religion
3582:National
3557:Dynastic
3512:Business
3507:Oligarch
3495:Business
3317:Concepts
3308:Extreme
3255:Property
3148:The Gift
3047:key work
3042:Scholars
3026:property
2983:spousal
2949:Poaching
2885:Eviction
2829:riparian
2790:Littoral
2698:easement
2676:executor
2647:literary
2572:usufruct
2520:Georgism
2400:Tangible
2395:Personal
2302:Communal
2285:By owner
2278:Property
2090:Holidays
2014:Genogram
1951:Heredity
1946:Heirloom
1868:Marriage
1833:Affinity
1828:Adoption
1614:daughter
1394:Archived
1273:Archived
1253:Archived
1200:Archived
1167:Archived
1131:Archived
1088:Archived
1059:Archived
1014:Archived
928:cite web
844:Archived
644:See also
618:Taxation
342:adoption
321:Josephus
231:nepotism
213:legatees
205:bequests
137:decedent
107:testator
32:heredity
3877:Sayings
3800:Related
3517:Russian
3490:Magnate
3063:The Law
2969:Slavery
2795:Mineral
2763:Hunting
2756:pannage
2751:Grazing
2736:Fishing
2622:Acequia
2589:Rivalry
2577:women's
2435:Digital
2417:Commons
2352:Unowned
2327:Private
2189:Related
1923:lineage
1848:Divorce
1818:Kinship
1731:husband
1626:brother
1621:Sibling
1539:History
1391:Lodz.pl
605:Marxist
308:and by
237:History
197:devises
3953:Wealth
3918:Plutus
3627:Forbes
3618:People
3562:Effect
3539:Wealth
3461:People
3310:wealth
2944:Piracy
2896:Farhud
2724:Rights
2665:Huerta
2637:Estate
2459:Theory
2440:Global
2342:Social
2332:Public
2297:Common
2231:Incest
2151:Canada
1721:Spouse
1703:Cousin
1631:sister
1597:father
1592:mother
1587:Parent
1528:Family
1034:Quran
992:Quran
976:
763:
538:income
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3903:Media
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2630:Ejido
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2139:Japan
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1921:and
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