Helmuth von Moltke the Elder

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Railways?" Even before Germany began constructing its first railroad he had noticed their military potential and he urged the general staff to support railway construction for mobilisation and supply. He spent all of his savings on investments into Prussian railroad ventures which made him a considerable amount of wealth. During his later years in the great general staff he would add a Railways Department, which did not have the task of planning military campaigns like many of the other departments, but managed the military use of railways.

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small area could not be fed for more than a day or two. He believed that the essence of strategy lay in arrangements for the separation of the corps for marching and their concentration in time for battle. To make a large army manageable, it must be broken up into separate armies or groups of corps, each group under a commander authorized to regulate its movements and action subject to the instructions of the commander-in-chief as regards the direction and purpose of its operations.

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battle. Campaign and battle plans should encourage and take advantage of the decentralization that would be necessary in any case. In this new concept, commanders of distant detachments were required to exercise initiative in their decision-making and Moltke emphasized the benefits of developing officers who could do this within the limits of the senior commander's intent. He accomplished this by means of

2042: 1224: 1162:. One of Moltke's characteristic strategies, seen in all his plans for war with Russia and France, was what has been called the offensive–defensive strategy, maneuvering his army to cut the lines of communication of the enemy force and then dig in and defeat the enemy force trying to re-establish its lines of communication in a defensive action. Moltke had pondered the tactics of Napoleon at the 1784:, was chief from 1906 to 1914.) Moltke officially retired from active service on 9 August 1888. His 90th birthday on 26 October 1890 was declared a national holiday. Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke died at his home in Berlin on 24 April 1891 after a short illness. He received a state funeral where his body lay in state surrounded by military honors and thousands paid their respects, including 1546:, it could still be attacked from two sides by the Second and Third Armies in co-operation. The intention of the great right wheel was to attack the principal French army in such a direction as to drive it north and cut its communications with Paris. The fortress of Metz was to be only monitored, and the main German forces, after defeating the chief French army, would then march against Paris. 4184: 442: 1129: 378: 1005:, the Prussian General Staff's title was changed to "Great General Staff", as it would have direction of the various German armies during war.) As soon as he gained the position he went to work making changes to the strategic and tactical methods of the Prussian army: changes in armament and means of communication; changes in the training of staff officers (such as instituting 4476: 1577:, when other strategists would have thought that, the strategic victory having been gained, a tactical victory was unnecessary. He has been blamed for the last attack at Gravelotte, which incurred heavy loss for no gain. But it is now known that this attack was ordered by the king, and that Moltke blamed himself for not having used his influence to prevent it. 36: 1830:"Helmuth von Moltke was born in 1800, technically the last year of the 18th century. There's a wonderful irony here: Moltke's nickname was 'der große Schweiger' (the great silent one), because he had a reputation for speaking very little; and yet, of all the hundreds of millions of people born in the 18th century, his is the only voice we can hear today." 1357:, marched faster than Moltke expected, and might have opposed Prince Frederick Charles (the Red Prince) with four or five corps; but Benedek's attention was centered on Crown Prince Frederick William, and his four corps, not under a common command, were beaten in detail. On 1 July Benedek collected his shaken forces into a defensive position in front of 4162: 1633: 1491:, would be a serious obstacle in their path. If the French should attempt to invade south Germany, an advance by the Germans up the Rhine river would threaten their communications. Moltke expected that the French would be compelled by the direction of their railways to collect the greater part of their army near 1205:

famous and one less so, translated into English as "No plan of operations extends with certainty beyond the first encounter with the enemy's main strength" (or "no plan survives contact with the enemy") and "Strategy is a system of expedients". Right before the Austro-Prussian War, Moltke was promoted to

1009:); and changes in the method for the mobilization of the army. He also instituted a formal study of European politics in connection with the plans for campaigns which might become necessary. In short, he rapidly put into place the features of a modern general staff. By 1860, his reforms were completed. 1756:

Moltke superintended the preparation of the official history of the Franco-Prussian War, which was published between 1874 and 1881 by the German General Staff. After the war, he became a national hero and celebrity. More than 50 monuments to Moltke were erected throughout Germany in the late 19th and

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From this time Moltke's strategy is remarkable for its judicious economy of force, for he was wise enough never to attempt more than was practicable with the means at his disposal. The surrender of Metz and of Paris was just a question of time, and the problem was, while maintaining the sieges, to be

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Moltke's plan was that the three armies, while advancing, should make a right wheel, so that the First Army on the right would reach the bank of the Moselle opposite Metz, while the Second and Third Armies should push forward, the Third Army to defeat the French force near Strasbourg, and the Second

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in 1871. The aspects of such a war had occupied Moltke's attention almost continuously since 1857; documents published after his death show the many times he considered such a war and the best arrangement of the Prussian or German forces for such a campaign. The arrangements for the transport of the

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of 1866. In the strategy for the war the main points are as follows. First Moltke demonstrated a concentration of effort. There were two enemy groups opposing the Prussians, the Austro-Saxon armies, 270,000 and their allied North and South German armies, some 120,000 strong. The Prussian forces were

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at Metz and set out with the two others to march towards Paris, the more southerly one leading, so that when MacMahon's army should be found the main blow might be delivered from the south and MacMahon driven to the north. On 25 August it was found that MacMahon was moving north-east for the relief

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The successes of 1866 had strengthened Moltke's position, so that when, on 5 July 1870, the order for the mobilization of the Prussian and South German forces was issued, his plans were adopted without dispute. Five days later he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Army for the duration of the war.

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and other territory beyond what was actually taken; he feared the active intervention of France. Moltke, however, was confident of beating both French and Austrians if the French should intervene, and he submitted to Bismarck his plans in case a war against both France and Austria proved necessary.

1186:(directives stating his intentions) rather than detailed orders and he was willing to accept deviations from a directive provided that it was within the general framework of the mission. Moltke held this view firmly and it later became a fundamental of all German military theory, especially for the 919:. This book was well received at the time. Early the next year he married a young English woman, Maria Bertha Helena Burt, whose father John Heyliger Burt had married Moltke's sister Augusta. It was a happy union, though there were no children. In 1840, Moltke had been appointed to the staff of the 1819:

family. Burt had married Moltke's sister Auguste after the death of his first wife, who was also a German. They remained married until Marie's death on 24 December 1868, although they had no children. He was devoted to his wife, and long after her death still daily visited the chapel where she and

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Moltke was not quite satisfied with the Battle of Königgrätz. He tried to have the Prussian Army of the Elbe brought up above Königgrätz, so as to prevent the Austrian retreat, but its commanding officer failed to get there in time. He also tried to prevent the Prussian First Army from pushing its

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Moltke had worked out the conditions of the march and supply of an army. Only one army corps could be moved along one road in one day; to put two or three corps on the same road meant that the rear corps could not be made use of in a battle at the front. Several corps stationed close together in a

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He became interested in railroads and he was one of the first directors of the Hamburg–Berlin railway. Moltke also paid close attention to the tactical and operational implications of rifled weapons. In 1843 he published the article "What Considerations should determine the Choice of the Course of

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until he could attack it with the Second Army in front and the First Army on its left flank. But these unexpected victories did not disconcert Moltke, who carried out his intended advance to Pont-Mousson, crossed the Moselle with the First and Second Armies, then faced north and wheeled round, so

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In 1860, " added a Railway Section to the military council. A contemporary would write that von Moltke never made an important decision without consulting the German railway timetables." Moltke had been following developments relating to the railroad ever since his return from his Egypt, at which

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had to be understood as a system of options, since it was possible to plan only the beginning of a military operation. As a result, he considered the main task of military leaders to consist in the extensive preparation of all possible outcomes. His thesis can be summed up by two statements, one

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Moltke also realized that the expansion in the size of armies since the 1820s made it impossible to exercise detailed control over the entire force (as Napoleon or Wellington had done in battle). Subordinates would have to use initiative and independent judgment for the forces to be effective in

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In dealing with the Austrian and Saxon army, the difficulty was to have the Prussian army ready first. This was not easy, as the king would not mobilize until after the Austrians. Moltke's railway knowledge helped him to save time. Five railway lines led from the various Prussian provinces to a

1361:. Moltke's two armies were now within a short march of one another and of the enemy. On 3 July they were brought into action, the first army against the Austrian forces and the second against the Austrian right flank. The Austrian army was completely defeated and the campaign and war were won. 1032:

In December 1862, Moltke was asked for an opinion upon the military aspect of the quarrel with Denmark. He thought the difficulty would be to bring the war to an end, as the Danish army would, if possible, retire to the islands, where, as the Danes had the command of the sea, it could not be

1326:. On June 22, 1866, Moltke told the two princes that Gitschin was the desirable point for juncture of the two armies. He foresaw that the march of the Crown Prince would probably bring him into collision with a portion of the Austrian army. Prince Friedrich Karl sent the 893:

and visited and mapped many parts of the Ottoman Empire. In 1839 the army moved south to fight the Egyptians but upon their approach, the general refused to listen to Moltke's advice. Moltke resigned his post of staff officer and took charge of the artillery. In the

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into German, for which he was to receive 75 marks, his object being to earn the money to buy a horse. In eighteen months he had finished nine volumes out of twelve but the publisher failed to produce the book and Moltke never received more than 25 marks.

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to Gitschin; but the Crown Prince had 100,000 men, and it was not likely that the Austrians could have a stronger force. When Friedrich Karl commanded further attacks, straining his own supply lines, Moltke inferred that the prince was trying to take

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I want to give to the captains von Vincke, Fischer, and von Moltke of the General Staff, as proof of my satisfaction with their services during their command in Turkey, the first two the Order of the Red Eagle IV. Class and the other the V.O.

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in Italy caused the mobilization of the Prussian army, though it did not fight. After the mobilization, the army was reorganized and its strength was nearly doubled. The reorganization was the work not of Moltke but of the Prince Regent,

1025:. Moltke watched the Italian campaign closely and wrote a history of it in 1862. In an act that was yet another first in military affairs, this history was attributed on the title-page to the historical division of the Prussian staff. 1154:

in accordance with altered conditions of his age, was the first to realize the great defensive power of modern firearms, and realized that an enveloping attack had become more formidable than an attempt to pierce an enemy's front.

787:. In 1832 he was seconded for service on the general staff at Berlin, to which he was transferred in 1833 on promotion to first lieutenant. He was at this time regarded as a brilliant officer by his superiors, including Prince 658:

for thirty years, he is regarded as the creator of a new, more modern method of directing armies in the field and one of the finest military minds of his generation. He commanded troops in Europe and the Middle East, in the

4878: 687:. He is notably the earliest-born human whose recorded voice is preserved, being born in the last year of the 18th century (1800). He made four recordings; two that were recorded in October 1889 are preserved to this day. 3567: 3553: 1299:). The three field armies, placed to attack Austria, consisted of some 278,000 men, leaving just 48,000 men remaining to defend against Austria's German allies. Those 48,000, led by Falckenstein, managed to capture the 1538:. If the French army should be found in front of the Second Army, it would be attacked in front by the Second Army and in flank by the First or the Third (or both). If it should be found on or north of the line from 1170:'s corps, coming from a great distance, against the flank of the allies, rather than to unite it with his own force before the battle; he had also drawn this conclusion from the combined action of the allies at the 911:

from Prussia. With great difficulty, Moltke made his way back to the Black Sea, and thence to Constantinople. His patron, Sultan Mahmud II, was dead, so he returned to Berlin, broken in health, in December 1839.

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According to a newspaper article dated 19 September 1891, a voice recording once existed of a man named Horatio Perry (1790–1891), but the wax cylinder, made by the Ohio Phonograph Company, has since been lost.

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army by railway were revised annually to suit the changes in his plans brought about by political conditions and by the growth of the army, as well as by the improvement of the Prussian system of railways.

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time he wrote that: “Every new railway development is a military benefit, and for national defense it is far more profitable to spend a few million on completing our railways than on new fortresses.”

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attack too hard, hoping in that way to keep the Austrians in their position until their retreat should be cut off by the Crown Prince's army, but this also did not happen. During the negotiations,

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of Bazaine. The moment Moltke was satisfied of the accuracy of his information, he ordered the German columns to turn their faces north instead of west. MacMahon's right wing was attacked at

1314:. Moltke had two Prussian armies about 100 mi (160 km) apart. The problem was how to bring them together to catch the Austrian army between them like the French at Waterloo between 5023: 5003: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 1174:. Moltke realized that the increase in firepower reduced the risk a defender ran in splitting his forces, while the increase in the size of armies made outflanking maneuvers more practical. 2030: 946:. There he remained for seven years, during which he rose to Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel. In 1855, Moltke served as personal aide and mentor to Prince Frederick William (later Emperor 753:

At twenty-one, Moltke decided to leave Denmark and enter the Prussian army, despite the loss of seniority. In 1822 he became a second lieutenant in the 8th Infantry Regiment stationed at

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He developed the idea of Clausewitz and said "The purpose of war is to carry out the policy of the government with arms". He emphasized the autonomy of war. This brought conflicts with

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series of points on the southern frontier. By employing all these railways at once, Moltke had all his army corps moved simultaneously from their peacetime garrisons to the frontier.

811: 1401:. He frequently spoke on military issues. On 24 December 1868 Moltke's wife died at Berlin. Her remains were buried in a small chapel erected by Moltke as a mausoleum in the park at 794:

Moltke was well received at court and in the best society of Berlin. His tastes inclined him to literature, to historical study, and to travel. In 1827 he published a short romance,

1001:, the new king appointed Moltke as Chief of the Prussian General Staff on 29 October 1857. He would hold the position for the next 30 years (though after the establishment of the 938:, which was well received in military circles. In the same year, he served in Rome as personal adjutant to Prince Henry of Prussia, which allowed him to create another map of the 3483:"Count Von Moltke Dead. Career Of Germany's Famous Field Marshal Ended. Death Came Suddenly Last Evening. Great Sorrow In Berlin. The Life Of A Man To Whom War Brought Greatness" 671:. He is described as embodying "Prussian military organization and tactical genius". He was fascinated with railways and pioneered their military use. He is often referred to as 927:, stationed at Berlin. He published his maps of Constantinople, and, jointly with other German travellers, a new map of Asia Minor and a memoir on the geography of that region. 4978: 2898: 4988: 1704:(count) as a reward for his services during the Franco-Prussian War and victory at the Battle of Sedan. In June 1871, he was further rewarded by a promotion to the rank of 4758: 3444: 1515: 1260: 1057:

began in February 1864, Moltke was not sent with the Prussian forces, but kept at Berlin. His war plan was mismanaged, and the Danish army escaped to the fortresses of

942:(published in 1852). In 1848, after a brief return to the General Staff in Berlin, he became Chief of the Staff of the 4th Corps, of which the headquarters was then at 4582: 1788:; Bismarck did not attend. Thousands of troops, led by the Kaiser, escorted his casket to Berlin's Lehrter Railroad Station, from which it was transported to Silesia. 1374:

After the peace, the Prussian government voted Moltke the sum of 30,000 marks (equivalent to approximately 225,000 US$ in 2016), with which he bought the estate of

4938: 4893: 4316: 4055: 2443: 889:. During the summer Moltke made extensive reconnaissances and surveys, riding several thousand miles in the course of his journey. He navigated the rapids of the 1807:

In April 1842, aged 41, Moltke married his 16-year-old step-niece Bertha Maria Wilhelmine Burt, known as Marie. She was the daughter of John Heyliger Burt, of

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was published. This history was produced under Moltke's supervision and was regarded as quite accurate at the time. In the same year Moltke became a member of

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Helmuth von Moltke reciting Shakespeare's Hamlet, Act 1, Scene 3, "Dein Ohr leih Jedem, Wen’gen deine Stimme" – Give every man thy ear but few thy voice.

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smaller by some 60,000 but Moltke was determined to be superior at the decisive point. Moltke divided the Prussian Army into three field armies: the

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while the Austrians seized the various islands. The Danish government, dejected by the course of the war, ended the war in defeat by signing the

1267:(Crown Prince Frederick William). The Army of the Elbe consisted of three divisions, two cavalry brigades and 144 guns in the cantonments round 4664: 1913: 1394: 979: 737:, where his wife and children were. At nine the younger Moltke was sent as a boarder to Hohenfelde in Holstein, and at age twelve went to the 4973: 4078: 3537: 3356: 2941: 2752: 2534: 1272: 1088:'s army corps) crossed to Als in boats, landed while under fire from the Danish batteries, and quickly seized the whole island as far as the 1085: 1069:, and Fredericia abandoned by the Danes without assault – but the war showed no signs of ending. The Danish army was safe on the islands of 4526: 2060: 4958: 2524: 2423: 2416: 2252: 779:

For a year Moltke had charge of a cadet school at Frankfurt an der Oder, then he was for three years employed on the military survey in

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Nothing shows Moltke's insight and strength of purpose in a clearer light than his determination to attack on 18 August, at the

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Letters of Field-Marshal Count Helmuth von Moltke to his mother and his brothers: Translated by Clara Bell and Henry W. Fischer

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In 1835, on his promotion to captain, Moltke obtained six months leave to travel in southeast Europe. After a short stay in

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that the effect of the battle of Gravelotte was to drive Bazaine into the fortress of Metz and cut him off from Paris.

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attacked. He sketched a plan for turning the flank of the Danish army before the attack upon its position in front of

726: 2957: 1581: 1562: 1483:), the German army would be able to strike at their flank. At the same time the Rhine itself, with the fortresses of 800:

Holland and Belgium in their Mutual Relations, from their Separation under Philip II to their Reunion under William I

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Moltke's remains were interred in the family mausoleum on the Kreisau estate, which however was plundered after

1672: 842:'s army and with permission from Berlin he accepted the offer. He remained two years at Constantinople, learned 4497: 2439: 2228: 2152: 1163: 920: 643: 1852: 1841: 1435: 1255:. The First Army consisted of three army corps, a cavalry corps of six brigades and 300 guns, gathering near 4358:

Rothenburg, Gunther E. "Moltke, Schlieffen and the Doctrine of Strategic Envelopment," in Peter Paret, ed.,

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Holborn, Hajo. "The Prusso-German School: Moltke and the Rise of the General Staff," in Peter Paret, ed.,

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The Campaign of Königgrätz: A Study of the Austro-Prussian Conflict in the Light of the American Civil War

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He was fluent in English and a talented writer in German; in 1832 he contracted to translate Gibbon's

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Delbrück, Hans. "Moltke," in Delbrück's Modern Military History. University of Nebraska Press, 1997.

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and regarded strategy as a practical art of adapting means to ends. He had developed the methods of

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On 30 April 1864, Moltke was sent to be chief of the staff for the allied (German) forces. He and

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Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers

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able to ward off the attacks of the new French armies levied for the purpose of raising the

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Blood & Iron: From Bismarck to Hitler the von Moltke Family’s Impact on German History

2562: 1765: 1709: 1527: 1507: 1300: 1276: 954:. He accompanied the prince to England for the prince's marriage, as well as to Paris and 895: 806:, a study based both on reading and on personal observation of Polish life and character. 705: 684: 568: 529: 256: 4510: 4502: 2849:

was a title before 1919, but now is regarded as part of the surname. It is translated as

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early 20th centuries; some were destroyed during or after World War II, but many remain.

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Blood and Iron: From Bismarck to Hitler the Von Moltke Family's Impact on German History

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Military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George: A Nominal List, 1769–1920

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From Triumph to Disaster: The Fatal Flaws of German Generalship from Moltke to Guderian

2746: 2654: 2330: 1427: 1263:). The Second Army consisted of four army corps, a cavalry division and 336 guns, near 1116: 877:

In 1838, Moltke was sent as an adviser to the Ottoman general commanding the troops in

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recognized the cultural achievements of Moltke by awarding him the civil class of the

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should make common cause with France. He reported this to the King on 17 April 1870.

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This gave Moltke the right to issue orders which were equivalent to royal commands.

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Medallion of Helmuth Graf von Moltke the Elder wearing the 1870 Grand Cross of the

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on a black horse with his suite, Bismarck, Moltke, Roon, and others, watching the

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in less than two weeks and then to attack and drive away the south German forces.

1223: 4518: 4448: 4135: 4029: 3527: 745:, being destined for the Danish army and court. In 1818 he became a page to King 610: 4457: 4430:

Letters of Field-Marshal Count Helmuth von Moltke to his mother and his brothers

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The German forces were grouped into three armies: the First of 60,000 men under

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When Moltke retired in 1888 as Chief of the General Staff, he was succeeded by

1128: 4794: 2182: 1879: 1649: 1539: 1496: 1472: 1256: 1167: 1070: 1062: 1006: 742: 154: 4212:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 677–681. 3110:; and send you the insignia attached to hand them over to the named officers. 2820: 2067:, for "meritorious achievements for the unified, reborn German fatherland" ( 1898:– "Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice"), as well as a passage from 1034: 943: 890: 835: 144: 2882: 1089: 1058: 734: 35: 2958:"Helmuth von Moltke – Prussian General, Strategist, Reformer | Britannica" 4470: 4384:. Translated by Hughes, Daniel J. & Bell, Harry. Novato, California: 3265: 1275:). Beside the three field armies, three more divisions were stationed at 1151: 1097: 878: 847: 718: 3501:

The death of Field Marshal Count von Moltke has just been announced. ...

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by which the garrison became virtually prisoners and the war was ended.

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An Account of the Internal Circumstances and Social Conditions of Poland

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Essays, speeches, and memoirs of Field Marshal Count Helmuth von Moltke

4370: 3695:(in German), Berlin: Ernst Siegfried Mittler & Sohn, 1890, p. 3647:"First sound recording – Earliest-born person whose voice was recorded" 2598: 2064: 1484: 1476: 1440: 1311: 1292: 1121: 1101: 863: 714: 696: 447: 297: 3925:

Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach

3445:"Sedan 1870: Mit "Algebrahieben" schlug Helmuth von Moltke Frankreich" 1632: 4228: 2794: 2787: 2224: 1899: 1888: 1653: 1580:

During the night following the battle Moltke left one army to invest

1553:

was brought on prematurely, and therefore led, not to the capture of

1523: 1408:

After the war, Bismarck assessed him that he was a reliable soldier.

1332: 1284: 1268: 1264: 710: 321: 4466: 4262:

Coumbe, Arthur T. "Operational Control in the Franco-Prussian War,"

2986:(in Danish). Copenhagen: Dansk Historisk Håndbogsforlag. p. 63. 1526:. Three army corps were held back in north-Eastern Germany, in case 1455:(1870–71), which paved the way for the creation of the Prussian-led 917:

Letters on Conditions and Events in Turkey in the Years 1835 to 1839

3589:

Annual Conference of the Association for Recorded Sound Collections

4189:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the

2851: 2040: 2029: 1878:

and had been sent to Europe with Edison's newly invented cylinder

1850: 1839: 1689: 1658: 1643: 1631: 1511: 1488: 1468: 1434: 1337: 1222: 1127: 1115: 1074: 1044: 974: 868: 4165:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

1084:

planned landing on Als or Funen. On June 29, battalions (part of

915:

Once home Moltke published some of the letters he had written as

4365:

Vagts, Alfred. "Land and Sea Power in the Second German Reich."

3964:

Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie

2843: 2776: 1716:

from 1867 to 1871, and from 1871 to 1891 he was a member of the

1700: 1492: 1037:. He suggested that by this means its retreat might be cut off. 83: 4879:

Military personnel from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

4660: 4571: 3619:"Restored Edison Records Revive Giants of 19th-Century Germany" 2069:

Verdienste um das zur Einheit wiedergeborene Deutsche Vaterland

3296:. vol. 2, part 2, pp. 33–40. Found in Hughes, Daniel J. (ed.) 2861:). Since 1919, these titles, along with any nobiliary prefix ( 761:), where he studied the full three years, graduating in 1826. 725:). But the next year he was left impoverished when during the 29: 4482:

Leaders & Battles Database: Count Helmuth Karl von Moltke

4452: 4360:

Makers of Modern Strategy from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age

4288:

Makers of Modern Strategy from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age

2934:

A genius for war: the German army and general staff 1807–1945

873:

Moltke (left) advising Ottoman commander Hafiz Pasha at Nezib

3426: 3424: 1146:, who expounded a system of rules, Moltke was a disciple of 749:

and a second lieutenant in the Oldenburg Infantry Regiment.

3888:

Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg0: 1878

3422: 3420: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3404: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3220: 971:

Chief of the Prussian General Staff and Great General staff

866:, making many other journeys on both sides of the Straits. 5049:

Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree

4317:

Helmuth von Moltke and the Origins of the First World War.

3316: 3314: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3007: 3005: 2146:; with Enamel Band of the Red Eagle Order and Oak Leaves, 2037:

Berlin, head sculpture of Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke

1310:

After marching into Saxony, the Saxon army retreated into

1238:

Moltke planned and led the military operations during the

1870:

von Moltke, then aged 88, made two audio recordings with

3145: 3143: 1451:

Moltke again planned and led the Prussian armies in the

733:

burned his country house and plundered his townhouse in

647:; 26 October 1800 – 24 April 1891) was a 4984:

Prussian military personnel of the Second Schleswig War

3852:(1869), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" 3797:(1883) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 2444:

Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig

812:

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

5019:

Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary

4519:

Newspaper clippings about Helmuth von Moltke the Elder

4304:. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 1996. 3570:. Papers Past (National Library of New Zealand). 1891. 3556:. Papers Past (National Library of New Zealand). 1891. 3469: 3332: 1467:

Moltke's plan was to assemble the whole army south of

679:(Helmuth Johann Ludwig von Moltke), who commanded the 5059:

Military personnel from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

3869:(1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" pp. 3850:

Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg

1549:

This plan was carried out in its broad outlines. The

902:

was beaten, but Moltke's actions were well-regarded.

4994:

German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War

3996:. Librairie polytechnique De Decq. 1868. p. 52. 3835:. Ingolstadt: Ganghofer'sche Buchdruckerei. p. 5039:

Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia)

4823: 4787: 4731: 4695: 4346:

Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton

3940:

Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg

3584:

The 1880s Speak: Recent Developments in Archeophony

586: 512: 491: 483: 465: 411: 406: 384: 372: 361: 335: 311: 284: 279: 262: 250: 238: 226: 216: 197: 185: 173: 163: 137: 118: 81: 5054:Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 1st class 5034:Knights Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy 4377: 3904:Staatshandbuch für den Königreich Sachsen: 1888/89 2897: 5024:Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Max Joseph 4999:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class) 4934:Members of the 8th Reichstag of the German Empire 4929:Members of the 7th Reichstag of the German Empire 4924:Members of the 6th Reichstag of the German Empire 4919:Members of the 5th Reichstag of the German Empire 4914:Members of the 4th Reichstag of the German Empire 4909:Members of the 3rd Reichstag of the German Empire 4904:Members of the 2nd Reichstag of the German Empire 4899:Members of the 1st Reichstag of the German Empire 3866:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen 4488:Moltke, Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf Von (1800–91) 3810:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden 5009:Recipients of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross 4348:, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1977. 4266:Vol. 21, No. 2 (Summer 1991), pp. 295–307. 1828: 1561:was not intended by Moltke, who wished to keep 1443:1888–1946). The statue was torn down after the 1234:, Moltke, three leaders of Prussia in the 1860s 936:The Russo-Turkish Campaign in Europe, 1828–1829 846:, and surveyed the city of Constantinople, the 5044:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class 5004:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class) 4225:Moltke and His Generals: A Study in Leadership 4073:. Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 510. 3300:. (1993). Presidio Press: New York, New York. 3098:The Knights of the Order of the Pour le Mérite 3093:Die Ritter des Ordens pour le mérite 1812–1913 2984:Den Danske Landmilitæretat 1801–1894: II. Bind 2899:"Optimism has made wars likelier and bloodier" 4672: 4583: 4250:Moltke, Schlieffen and Prussian War Planning. 4007:Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1889). 3795:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt 3163:Moltke, Schlieffen, and Prussian War Planning 1799:. No trace of his remains is known to exist. 1708:and a large monetary grant. He served in the 8: 3687: 3685: 3612: 3610: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2862: 2856: 2841: 1893: 1863: 1190: 397: 389: 4979:Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences 4380:Moltke on the Art of War: Selected Writings 3780:, Berlin: Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei: 3730:, Berlin: Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei: 3298:Moltke on the Art of War: selected writings 1895:"Dein Ohr leih jedem, wen'gen deine Stimme" 1694:Moltke as Chief of Staff after the two wars 591: 4989:Prussian people of the Austro-Prussian War 4679: 4665: 4657: 4590: 4576: 4568: 4531: 4054:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3832:Der K. Bayerische Militär-Max-Joseph-Orden 97: 78: 4842:Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross 4764:Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia 4718:Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien 4512:Moltke's tactical problems from 1858–1882 4411:Moltke's Military Correspondence, 1870–71 4276:, 1st ed. New York: HarperCollins, 1995. 3430: 3292:Originally in Moltke, Helmuth, Graf von, 3240: 3185: 3027: 2996: 905:Thus on 7 November 1839, he received the 212:7 October 1857 – 18 January 1871 133:18 January 1871 – 10 August 1888 4328:The Art of War: War and Military Thought 4200:Moltke, Helmuth Carl Bernhard, Count von 3902:Sachsen (1888–1889). "Königlich Orden". 3693:Rangliste de Königlich Preußischen Armee 3532:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 84–85. 3123:"Moltke, Helmuth von | Encyclopedia.com" 3100:] (in German). Vol. 2. Berlin: 1759: 1617:an armistice was concluded at Versailles 1612:ended with its surrender on 27 October. 1426: 717:service. In 1805, his father settled in 60:of all important aspects of the article. 4013:. Unione tipografico-editrice. p. 3927:(1885), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 3714: 3712: 3710: 3708: 3706: 2832: 1980:26 September 1850: Lieutenant Colonel ( 1908:, both of which were engraved onto two 354: 1842; died 1868) 4939:Members of the Prussian House of Lords 4498:Papers of Helmuth von Moltke 1800–1891 4047: 4010:Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia 3443:Seewald, Berthold (2 September 2021). 3383: 3371: 3320: 3252: 3173: 3149: 3085: 3083: 1925:From the corresponding article in the 1914:Thomas Edison National Historical Park 1431:Portrait of Helmuth von Moltke in 1877 1135:Instructions for Large Unit Commanders 980:Statue of Helmuth von Moltke the Elder 271:(as Chief of the German General Staff) 56:Please consider expanding the lead to 4894:German Conservative Party politicians 4467:Works by Helmuth von Moltke the Elder 4458:Works by Helmuth von Moltke the Elder 4235:Moltke and the German Wars, 1864–1871 4147:Field-Marshal Count Moltke, 1800–1878 3595:from the original on 12 December 2021 3395: 3056: 2191:Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal 2015:16 June 1871: General Field Marshal ( 1815:, a member of a wealthy slave-owning 1369:opposed the king's wish to annex the 798:. In 1831 he wrote an essay entitled 642: 636:Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf von Moltke 7: 4708:Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bülow 4514:by Helmuth von Moltke at archive.org 4506:by Helmuth von Moltke at archive.org 4137:The Franco-German War, 1870–1871 ... 3351:(in Korean). 김영사. pp. 278–279. 3054: 3052: 3050: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3038: 3036: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2580:Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen 2525:Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown 1820:her sister were buried to meditate. 1675:, Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke, 1100:and occupied the remaining parts of 5029:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour 5014:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870) 4949:Field marshals of the German Empire 4713:Crown Prince Charles John of Sweden 4362:. Princeton University Press, 1986. 4290:. Princeton University Press, 1986. 3993:Almanach royal officiel de Belgique 3770:"Königlich Preussische Ordensliste" 3720:"Königlich Preussische Ordensliste" 3516:(HarperPerennial, 1995), pp. 10–15. 2390:: Military Merit Medal, with Swords 2253:Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order 1938:1 January 1819: Second Lieutenant ( 1698:In October 1870, Moltke was made a 1514:; the Second of 130,000 men, under 675:to distinguish him from his nephew 4964:19th-century German letter writers 4599:Chiefs of the German General Staff 4493:Quotations from Helmuth von Moltke 3345:Song, Dong-hun (28 October 2010). 3102:Ernst Siegfried Mittler & Sohn 2733:Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword 2050:Granted the noble title of Count ( 2008:8 June 1866: General of Infantry ( 1952:19 March 1822: Second Lieutenant ( 1874:, a German native who worked with 1858:Second recording of Moltke's voice 1731:Second Italian War of Independence 1652:. Bronze medal by August Schabel, 1636:The Moltke palace at Kreisau, now 1380:Schweidnitz (present-day Świdnica) 25: 4754:Helmuth Graf von Moltke the Elder 3942:(1886/7), "Königliche Orden" pp. 3784:, 1877 – via hathitrust.org 3758:, 1886 – via hathitrust.org 3645:Beck, Benjamin S. (25 May 2019). 2781:Grand Cross of the White Elephant 2001:31 May 1859: Lieutenant General ( 1959:30 March 1833: First Lieutenant ( 1847:First recording of Moltke's voice 4759:Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia 4504:The Franco-German War of 1870–71 4474: 4182: 4160: 4154:Wagner, Arthur Lockwood (1899). 3812:(1873), "Großherzogliche Orden" 2793: 2786: 2770: 2739: 2721: 2701: 2647: 2612: 2591: 2555: 2511: 2490: 2454: 2446:, with Golden Crown and Swords, 2432: 2407:Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown 2394: 2380: 2349: 2329: 2322: 2315: 2297: 2275: 2238: 2217: 2086: 1782:Helmuth Johann Ludwig von Moltke 1677:Graf Konrad von Kleist-Schmenzin 1516:Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia 883:Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841) 608: 500: 470: 452: 440: 428: 416: 376: 34: 27:German field marshal (1800–1891) 18:Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke 4969:German male non-fiction writers 4376:Hughes, Daniel J., ed. (1993). 4134:Prussian General Staff (1876). 4127:The Campaign of 1866 in Germany 4125:Prussian General Staff (1872). 4102:(in Swedish), 1890, p. 387 3581:Patrick Feaster (19 May 2012). 2502:Grand Cross of the White Falcon 2140:Knight of the Royal Crown Order 1391:The Campaign of 1866 in Germany 820:Service with the Ottoman Empire 351: 48:may be too short to adequately 4626:Helmuth von Moltke the Younger 4069:M. Wattel, B. Wattel. (2009). 3906:. Dresden: Heinrich. pp. 3617:Cowen, Ron (30 January 2012). 2661:Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky 2548:Foreign orders and decorations 2422:Cross for Distinction in War ( 2409:, with Golden Crown and Swords 2172:, with Oak Leaves and Swords, 2128:; with Crown and in Diamonds, 1994:9 August 1856: Major General ( 1882:. Moltke recorded a line from 1589:while attempting to cross the 1376:Creisau (present-day Krzyżowa) 1166:, when the emperor brought up 677:Helmuth von Moltke the Younger 366:Helmuth von Moltke the Younger 58:provide an accessible overview 1: 4749:Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel 4703:Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher 4689:Grand Cross of the Iron Cross 4177:. Cambridge University Press. 2876:Helmuth James Graf von Moltke 2858:Graf Helmuth James von Moltke 2079:German orders and decorations 1797:Silesia was annexed by Poland 1495:, and a smaller portion near 1111: 1094:Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein 923:, which was under command of 791:, then a lieutenant-general. 739:Royal Danish Military Academy 709:Friedrich Philipp Victor von 104: 4974:German expatriates in Turkey 4611:Helmuth von Moltke the Elder 4237:, Palgrave Macmillan, 2001. 3891:. Schulze. 1878. p. 35. 3554:"Personal Items (page down)" 2288:Military Order of Max Joseph 2170:Grand Cross of the Red Eagle 2045:Comital arms awarded in 1870 1049:Sketch of Helmuth von Moltke 826:Letters from Turkey (Moltke) 654:. The chief of staff of the 644:[ˈhɛlmuːtfɔnˈmɔltkə] 4723:Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg 4523:20th Century Press Archives 4473:(public domain audiobooks) 4367:Journal of Military History 4320:Cambridge University Press. 3914:– via hathitrust.org. 3839:– via hathitrust.org. 3670:(in German). Fhh.hamburg.de 3668:"Stadt Hamburg Ehrenbürger" 3568:"Ladies Gossip (page down)" 3470:Prussian General Staff 1876 3333:Prussian General Staff 1872 2936:. Fairfax, VA: Hero Books. 2470:Military Order of St. Henry 2193:House Order of Hohenzollern 1725:Under his supervision, the 1534:to strike the Moselle near 1479:(or any other point on the 1132:First page of von Moltke's 1021:, and the Minister of War, 834:he was asked by the Sultan 727:War of the Fourth Coalition 525:Second Egyptian–Ottoman War 5075: 4959:German military historians 4550:Chief of the General Staff 4409:Wilkinson, Spenser (ed.). 4110:– via gupea.ub.gu.se 3699:– via hathitrust.org 3062:"Moltke, Helmuth Graf von" 2839:Regarding personal names: 2636:Knight of the Annunciation 2340:Saxe-Ernestine House Order 1987:2 December 1851: Colonel ( 1872:Adelbert Theodor Wangemann 1824:History of sound recording 1714:North German Confederation 1420: 1216: 1082:Friedrich Graf von Wrangel 934:In 1845, Moltke published 881:, who was to carry on the 823: 721:(then a possession of the 604:Helmuth von Moltke's voice 240:Minister of War of Prussia 4944:Field marshals of Prussia 4839: 4810:Prince Leopold of Bavaria 4606: 4556: 4547: 4539: 4534: 4330:, Cassell, London, 2000. 2982:Richter, Volhelm (1977). 2688:Knight of the White Eagle 2570:Imperial Order of Leopold 2153:Knight of the Black Eagle 2142:, 1st Class with Swords, 1835:Patrick Feaster, 2012 1665:German Conservative Party 1200:Moltke's thesis was that 925:Prince Charles of Prussia 759:Prussian Military Academy 713:(1768–1845), a German in 629: 597: 275: 205: 126: 114: 96: 4314:Mombauer, Annika. 2001. 4257:The Battle of Königgrätz 4196:Wilkinson, Henry Spenser 4173:Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 4145:Müller, Wilhelm (1879). 3774:Preussische Ordens-Liste 3724:Preussische Ordens-Liste 3199:"Reign of the Railroads" 3090:Lehmann, Gustaf (1913). 2229:Order of Albert the Bear 2195:, with Star and Swords, 2098:Knight of Honour of the 2026:Honours, awards and arms 1966:30 March 1835: Captain ( 1927:Japanese Knowledge (XXG) 1729:wrote studies about the 802:. A year later he wrote 4954:German military writers 4453:Encyclopædia Britannica 4295:The Franco-Prussian War 4209:Encyclopædia Britannica 4175:The Austro-Prussian War 4028:V. M. Shabanov (2004). 3591:. Rochester, New York. 3529:The Milk Jug Was a Goat 2761:, 1st Class in Diamonds 2627:Military Order of Savoy 2572:, with War Decoration, 2479:Knight of the Rue Crown 2309:Order of Henry the Lion 2263:House Order of Fidelity 1475:, and advanced towards 1289:Eduard von Falckenstein 1207:General of the Infantry 1086:Herwarth von Bittenfeld 854:. He travelled through 747:Frederick VI of Denmark 683:at the outbreak of the 4769:August Graf von Werder 4744:August Karl von Goeben 4739:Albert, King of Saxony 4484:by Kimberly J. Largent 4297:. Collier Books, 1969. 4252:Berg Publishers, 1991. 4096:Sveriges statskalender 2932:Dupuy, Trevor (1984). 2881: 2875: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2842: 2804:Knight of the Seraphim 2601:: Grand Cordon of the 2371:Military Merit Cross, 2046: 2038: 2010:General der Infanterie 1973:12 April 1842: Major ( 1894: 1864: 1859: 1848: 1832: 1773: 1722:(federal parliament). 1695: 1687: 1656: 1641: 1448: 1432: 1350: 1235: 1191: 1139: 1125: 1112:Moltke's theory of war 1050: 994: 960:Alexander II of Russia 958:for the coronation of 874: 838:to help modernize the 398: 390: 200:Prussian General Staff 4621:Alfred von Schlieffen 3526:Birch, Chris (2011). 2759:Order of the Medjidie 2710:: Grand Cross of the 2338:: Grand Cross of the 2307:: Grand Cross of the 2286:: Grand Cross of the 2227:: Grand Cross of the 2110:; Commander of Honour 2106:; Knight of Justice, 2044: 2033: 1857: 1846: 1763: 1693: 1685:Karl Gustav Ackermann 1662: 1647: 1635: 1628:Final years and death 1438: 1430: 1421:Further information: 1353:The Austrians, under 1341: 1261:Prince Friedrich Karl 1226: 1217:Further information: 1131: 1124:, Moltke's birthplace 1119: 1096:'s corps crossed the 1067:Dybbøl taken by storm 1048: 997:On the suggestion of 984:Berlin Victory Column 978: 898:on 24 June 1839, the 887:Muhammad Ali of Egypt 872: 755:Frankfurt an der Oder 547:Battle of Langensalza 484:Years of service 4815:August von Mackensen 4779:Frederick Francis II 4631:Erich von Falkenhayn 4616:Alfred von Waldersee 3603:– via YouTube. 3271:Modern War Institute 3127:www.encyclopedia.com 2753:Order of Distinction 2679:Knight of St. Andrew 2670:Knight of St. George 2535:Military Merit Order 2498:Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach 2413:Military Merit Cross 2018:Generalfeldmarschall 1866:Generalfeldmarschall 1862:On 21 October 1889, 1778:Alfred von Waldersee 1735:Second Schleswig War 1727:German General Staff 1615:On 28 January 1871, 1575:Battle of Gravelotte 1348:Battle of Königgrätz 1281:Edwin von Manteuffel 1184:Mission-type tactics 1144:Antoine-Henri Jomini 1055:Second Schleswig War 1014:Austro-Sardinian War 999:Edwin von Manteuffel 701:Mecklenburg-Schwerin 661:Second Schleswig War 564:Battle of Gravelotte 552:Battle of Königgrätz 537:Second Schleswig War 506:Generalfeldmarschall 396:The Great Taciturn ( 302:Mecklenburg-Schwerin 192:Alfred von Waldersee 180:Position established 121:German General Staff 103:Helmuth von Moltke, 4874:People from Parchim 4800:Paul von Hindenburg 4636:Paul von Hindenburg 4259:. Lippincott, 1964. 3829:Ruith, Max (1882). 3398:, pp. 182–183. 3266:"What is Strategy?" 3255:, pp. 121–122. 3188:, pp. 678–679. 3176:, pp. 120–121. 3066:Deutsche Biographie 2999:, pp. 677–678. 2729:Kingdom of Portugal 2625:Grand Cross of the 2578:Grand Cross of the 2568:Grand Cross of the 2533:Grand Cross of the 2468:Grand Cross of the 2361:Grand Cross of the 2251:Grand Cross of the 2120:; with Oak Leaves, 1743:Franco-Prussian War 1739:Austro-Prussian War 1559:Battle of Spicheren 1453:Franco-Prussian War 1423:Franco-Prussian War 1417:Franco-Prussian War 1397:as a member of the 1384:Province of Silesia 1273:Karl von Bittenfeld 1240:Austro-Prussian War 1219:Austro-Prussian War 1213:Austro-Prussian War 1148:Carl von Clausewitz 695:Moltke was born in 669:Franco-Prussian War 665:Austro-Prussian War 620:(recorded Oct 1889) 559:Franco-Prussian War 542:Austro-Prussian War 399:Der große Schweiger 4889:German Protestants 4687:Recipients of the 4449:Helmuth von Moltke 4342:Martin van Creveld 4324:Martin van Creveld 4300:Macksey, Kenneth. 3623:The New York Times 3488:The New York Times 3294:Militarische Werke 3274:. 10 November 2016 2962:www.britannica.com 2908:. 12 October 2017. 2693:Knight of St. Anna 2356:Hesse and by Rhine 2047: 2039: 1860: 1849: 1813:Danish West Indies 1774: 1696: 1688: 1681:Otto von Helldorff 1673:Otto von Seydewitz 1657: 1642: 1449: 1433: 1399:Conservative Party 1355:Ludwig von Benedek 1351: 1236: 1172:Battle of Waterloo 1140: 1126: 1051: 995: 875: 775:As a young officer 424:Kingdom of Prussia 388:Moltke the Elder ( 228:Minister President 198:11th Chief of the 88:Helmuth von Moltke 4848: 4847: 4795:Kaiser Wilhelm II 4654: 4653: 4566: 4565: 4557:Succeeded by 4535:Military offices 4462:Project Gutenberg 4413:, Ashgate, 1991. 4369:3.4 (1939): 210+ 4293:Howard, Michael. 4272:Friedrich, Otto. 4080:978-2-35077-135-9 3966:, 1891, pp. 3539:978-1-78069-018-6 3374:, pp. 14–15. 3358:978-89-349-5664-8 3323:, pp. 13–14. 2943:978-0-915979-02-8 2640:26 September 1873 2336:Ernestine duchies 1892:(Act 1, Scene 3, 1855: 1844: 1786:Kaiser Wilhelm II 1667:(left to right): 1371:Kingdom of Saxony 1367:Otto von Bismarck 1202:military strategy 1164:Battle of Bautzen 1160:Otto von Bismarck 1090:Kekenis peninsula 1023:Albrecht von Roon 633: 632: 613: 496:Second lieutenant 391:Moltke der Ältere 306:Holy Roman Empire 245:Albrecht von Roon 233:Otto von Bismarck 168:Otto von Bismarck 119:1st Chief of the 75: 74: 16:(Redirected from 5066: 4824:1939 Grand Cross 4805:Erich Ludendorff 4788:1914 Grand Cross 4774:Kaiser Wilhelm I 4732:1870 Grand Cross 4696:1813 Grand Cross 4681: 4674: 4667: 4658: 4592: 4585: 4578: 4569: 4540:Preceded by 4532: 4478: 4477: 4399: 4383: 4248:Bucholz, Arden. 4233:Bucholz, Arden. 4223:Barry, Quintin. 4213: 4188: 4186: 4185: 4178: 4164: 4163: 4159: 4150: 4141: 4130: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4101: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4066: 4060: 4059: 4053: 4045: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4004: 3998: 3997: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3980: 3978: 3956: 3950: 3937: 3931: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3883: 3877: 3862: 3856: 3847: 3841: 3840: 3826: 3820: 3807: 3801: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3766: 3760: 3759: 3716: 3701: 3700: 3689: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3664: 3658: 3657: 3655: 3653: 3640: 3634: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3614: 3605: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3578: 3572: 3571: 3564: 3558: 3557: 3550: 3544: 3543: 3523: 3517: 3512:Otto Friedrich, 3510: 3504: 3503: 3498: 3496: 3479: 3473: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3440: 3434: 3428: 3399: 3393: 3387: 3381: 3375: 3369: 3363: 3362: 3342: 3336: 3330: 3324: 3318: 3309: 3290: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3205:. 9 October 2018 3195: 3189: 3183: 3177: 3171: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3147: 3138: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3087: 3078: 3077: 3075: 3073: 3058: 3031: 3025: 3000: 2994: 2988: 2987: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2929: 2910: 2909: 2901: 2894: 2888: 2886: 2878: 2872: 2866: 2860: 2847: 2837: 2798: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2775: 2774: 2773: 2745: 2743: 2742: 2727: 2725: 2724: 2712:Legion of Honour 2706: 2705: 2704: 2683:30 December 1871 2653: 2651: 2650: 2620:Kingdom of Italy 2618: 2616: 2615: 2603:Order of Leopold 2597: 2595: 2594: 2561: 2559: 2558: 2539:30 December 1870 2517: 2515: 2514: 2496: 2494: 2493: 2464: 2460: 2458: 2457: 2448:31 December 1870 2438: 2436: 2435: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2388:Schaumburg-Lippe 2386: 2384: 2383: 2354: 2353: 2352: 2334: 2333: 2327: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2303: 2301: 2300: 2285: 2281: 2279: 2278: 2244: 2242: 2241: 2223: 2221: 2220: 2209:Lifesaving Medal 2130:29 November 1889 2122:17 February 1871 2118:29 November 1839 2100:Johanniter Order 2091: 2090: 2089: 2061:Honorary Citizen 1954:Sekonde-Leutnant 1897: 1869: 1856: 1845: 1836: 1753:on 24 May 1874. 1669:Rudolph Wichmann 1297:Gustav von Beyer 1253:Army of the Elbe 1196: 1106:Treaty of Vienna 1041:War with Denmark 956:Saint Petersburg 673:Moltke the Elder 646: 641: 615: 614: 504: 476: 474: 473: 458: 456: 455: 446: 444: 443: 434: 432: 431: 422: 420: 419: 407:Military service 401: 393: 380: 355: 353: 318: 294: 292: 280:Personal details 265: 253: 210: 188: 176: 131: 109: 106: 101: 79: 70: 67: 61: 38: 30: 21: 5074: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5067: 5065: 5064: 5063: 4854: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4844: 4835: 4819: 4783: 4727: 4691: 4685: 4655: 4650: 4646:Hans von Seeckt 4641:Wilhelm Groener 4602: 4596: 4562: 4560:Count Waldersee 4553: 4545: 4543:Karl von Reyher 4475: 4445: 4406: 4404:Primary sources 4396: 4375: 4255:Craig, Gordon. 4227:(Helion, 2015) 4220: 4218:Further reading 4194: 4183: 4181: 4172: 4161: 4153: 4144: 4133: 4124: 4121: 4116: 4115: 4105: 4103: 4099: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4081: 4068: 4067: 4063: 4046: 4042: 4027: 4026: 4022: 4006: 4005: 4001: 3990: 3989: 3985: 3976: 3974: 3958: 3957: 3953: 3938: 3934: 3923: 3919: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3863: 3859: 3848: 3844: 3828: 3827: 3823: 3808: 3804: 3793: 3789: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3718: 3717: 3704: 3691: 3690: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3666: 3665: 3661: 3651: 3649: 3644: 3641: 3637: 3627: 3625: 3616: 3615: 3608: 3598: 3596: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3566: 3565: 3561: 3552: 3551: 3547: 3540: 3525: 3524: 3520: 3511: 3507: 3494: 3492: 3491:. 25 April 1891 3481: 3480: 3476: 3468: 3464: 3454: 3452: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3429: 3402: 3394: 3390: 3382: 3378: 3370: 3366: 3359: 3348:송동훈의 그랜드투어 동유럽편 3344: 3343: 3339: 3331: 3327: 3319: 3312: 3291: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3251: 3247: 3239: 3218: 3208: 3206: 3197: 3196: 3192: 3184: 3180: 3172: 3168: 3161:Arden Bucholz, 3160: 3156: 3148: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3121: 3120: 3116: 3104:. p. 405. 3089: 3088: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3060: 3059: 3034: 3026: 3003: 2995: 2991: 2981: 2980: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2944: 2931: 2930: 2913: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2817: 2812: 2792: 2785: 2771: 2769: 2764:Sword of Honour 2740: 2738: 2722: 2720: 2702: 2700: 2674:26 October 1870 2663:, in Diamonds, 2648: 2646: 2613: 2611: 2592: 2590: 2563:Austrian Empire 2556: 2554: 2545: 2512: 2510: 2504:, with Swords, 2491: 2489: 2455: 2453: 2452: 2433: 2431: 2395: 2393: 2381: 2379: 2350: 2348: 2328: 2321: 2314: 2298: 2296: 2292:18 October 1870 2276: 2274: 2273: 2239: 2237: 2231:, with Swords, 2218: 2216: 2197:26 October 1875 2163:; in Diamonds, 2159:; with Collar, 2124:; Grand Cross, 2087: 2085: 2063:of the City of 2028: 2003:Generalleutnant 1961:Premierleutnant 1949: 1935: 1922: 1851: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1826: 1805: 1780:. (His nephew, 1630: 1625: 1598:Battle of Sedan 1565:'s army on the 1551:Battle of Wörth 1528:Austria-Hungary 1425: 1419: 1414: 1301:Hanoverian Army 1221: 1215: 1142:In contrast to 1114: 1043: 973: 968: 896:Battle of Nezib 828: 822: 796:The Two Friends 777: 772: 767: 765:Military career 723:King of Denmark 706:Generalleutnant 693: 685:First World War 639: 625: 624: 623: 622: 621: 619: 616: 609: 606: 582: 581: 580: 569:Battle of Sedan 530:Battle of Nezib 519: 499: 471: 469: 453: 451: 450: 441: 439: 438: 429: 427: 426: 417: 415: 395: 357: 349: 345: 342: 320: 316: 296: 295:26 October 1800 290: 288: 263: 257:Karl von Reyher 251: 211: 206: 186: 174: 159: 132: 127: 110: 107: 92: 89: 86: 71: 65: 62: 55: 43:This article's 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5072: 5070: 5062: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4856: 4855: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4833: 4831:Hermann Göring 4827: 4825: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4791: 4789: 4785: 4784: 4782: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4699: 4697: 4693: 4692: 4686: 4684: 4683: 4676: 4669: 4661: 4652: 4651: 4649: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4587: 4580: 4572: 4564: 4563: 4558: 4555: 4546: 4541: 4537: 4536: 4530: 4529: 4516: 4508: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4479: 4464: 4455: 4444: 4443:External links 4441: 4440: 4439: 4433: 4427: 4421: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4400: 4394: 4386:Presidio Press 4373: 4363: 4356: 4339: 4321: 4312: 4298: 4291: 4284: 4270: 4267: 4260: 4253: 4246: 4231: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4214: 4204:Chisholm, Hugh 4179: 4170: 4151: 4142: 4131: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4113: 4086: 4079: 4061: 4040: 4020: 3999: 3983: 3960:"Ritter-Orden" 3951: 3932: 3917: 3894: 3878: 3857: 3842: 3821: 3802: 3787: 3761: 3702: 3681: 3659: 3635: 3606: 3573: 3559: 3545: 3538: 3518: 3505: 3474: 3462: 3435: 3433:, p. 680. 3431:Wilkinson 1911 3400: 3388: 3376: 3364: 3357: 3337: 3325: 3310: 3285: 3257: 3245: 3243:, p. 679. 3241:Wilkinson 1911 3216: 3190: 3186:Wilkinson 1911 3178: 3166: 3154: 3152:, p. 117. 3139: 3114: 3079: 3032: 3030:, p. 678. 3028:Wilkinson 1911 3001: 2997:Wilkinson 1911 2989: 2974: 2949: 2942: 2911: 2889: 2831: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2823: 2816: 2813: 2811: 2810: 2808:10 August 1881 2783: 2767: 2766: 2765: 2762: 2756: 2747:Ottoman Empire 2736: 2718: 2698: 2697: 2696: 2690: 2685: 2676: 2667: 2655:Russian Empire 2644: 2643: 2642: 2633: 2609: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2576: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2543: 2542: 2541: 2531: 2508: 2487: 2486: 2485: 2476: 2450: 2429: 2428: 2427: 2420: 2410: 2391: 2377: 2376: 2375: 2369: 2346: 2312: 2294: 2271: 2270: 2269: 2261:Knight of the 2259: 2235: 2214: 2213: 2212: 2206: 2200: 2189: 2176: 2167: 2150: 2144:14 August 1864 2137: 2114:Pour le Mérite 2111: 2082: 2081: 2080: 2076: 2075: 2058: 2027: 2024: 2023: 2022: 2013: 2006: 1999: 1992: 1985: 1982:Oberstleutnant 1978: 1971: 1964: 1957: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1943: 1940:Sekondløjtnant 1934: 1931: 1921: 1918: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1804: 1801: 1751:Pour le Mérite 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1606:Siege of Paris 1536:Pont-à-Mousson 1487:, Cologne and 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1214: 1211: 1193:Truppenführung 1113: 1110: 1092:. Days later, 1042: 1039: 972: 969: 967: 964: 908:Pour le Mérite 840:Ottoman Empire 832:Constantinople 824:Main article: 821: 818: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 692: 689: 631: 630: 627: 626: 617: 607: 602: 601: 600: 599: 598: 595: 594: 588: 584: 583: 579: 578: 577: 576: 574:Siege of Paris 571: 566: 556: 555: 554: 549: 539: 534: 533: 532: 521: 520: 518:Tree-like list 517: 516: 514: 510: 509: 493: 489: 488: 485: 481: 480: 467: 466:Branch/service 463: 462: 460:Ottoman Empire 413: 409: 408: 404: 403: 386: 382: 381: 374: 370: 369: 363: 359: 358: 347: 343: 340: 339: 337: 333: 332: 319:(aged 90) 313: 309: 308: 286: 282: 281: 277: 276: 273: 272: 266: 260: 259: 254: 248: 247: 242: 236: 235: 230: 224: 223: 218: 214: 213: 203: 202: 195: 194: 189: 183: 182: 177: 171: 170: 165: 161: 160: 158: 157: 152: 147: 141: 139: 135: 134: 124: 123: 116: 115: 112: 111: 102: 94: 93: 90: 87: 82: 73: 72: 52:the key points 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5071: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4884:Moltke family 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4852: 4843: 4838: 4832: 4829: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4792: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4736: 4734: 4730: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4700: 4698: 4694: 4690: 4682: 4677: 4675: 4670: 4668: 4663: 4662: 4659: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4605: 4600: 4593: 4588: 4586: 4581: 4579: 4574: 4573: 4570: 4561: 4552: 4551: 4544: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4513: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4483: 4480: 4472: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4442: 4437: 4434: 4431: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4419:0-7512-0040-9 4416: 4412: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4397: 4395:0-89141-484-3 4391: 4387: 4382: 4381: 4374: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4361: 4357: 4355: 4354:0-521-29793-1 4351: 4347: 4343: 4340: 4338:(p. 109) 4337: 4336:0-304-35264-0 4333: 4329: 4325: 4322: 4319: 4318: 4313: 4311: 4310:1-85367-244-0 4307: 4303: 4299: 4296: 4292: 4289: 4285: 4283: 4282:0-06-092767-4 4279: 4275: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4261: 4258: 4254: 4251: 4247: 4244: 4243:0-333-68757-4 4240: 4236: 4232: 4230: 4229:online review 4226: 4222: 4221: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4192: 4191:public domain 4180: 4176: 4171: 4168: 4167:public domain 4157: 4152: 4148: 4143: 4139: 4138: 4132: 4128: 4123: 4122: 4118: 4098: 4097: 4090: 4087: 4082: 4076: 4072: 4065: 4062: 4057: 4051: 4043: 4041:5-89577-059-2 4037: 4033: 4032: 4024: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4011: 4003: 4000: 3995: 3994: 3987: 3984: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3926: 3921: 3918: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3898: 3895: 3890: 3889: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3867: 3861: 3858: 3855: 3851: 3846: 3843: 3838: 3834: 3833: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3796: 3791: 3788: 3783: 3779: 3776:(in German), 3775: 3771: 3765: 3762: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3726:(in German), 3725: 3721: 3715: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3703: 3698: 3694: 3688: 3686: 3682: 3669: 3663: 3660: 3648: 3639: 3636: 3624: 3620: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3585: 3577: 3574: 3569: 3563: 3560: 3555: 3549: 3546: 3541: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3522: 3519: 3515: 3509: 3506: 3502: 3490: 3489: 3484: 3478: 3475: 3471: 3466: 3463: 3450: 3446: 3439: 3436: 3432: 3427: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3389: 3386:, p. 25. 3385: 3380: 3377: 3373: 3368: 3365: 3360: 3354: 3350: 3349: 3341: 3338: 3335:, p. 37. 3334: 3329: 3326: 3322: 3317: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3306:0-89141-575-0 3303: 3299: 3295: 3289: 3286: 3273: 3272: 3267: 3261: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3217: 3204: 3200: 3194: 3191: 3187: 3182: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3158: 3155: 3151: 3146: 3144: 3140: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3109: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3094: 3086: 3084: 3080: 3067: 3063: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3008: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2993: 2990: 2985: 2978: 2975: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2950: 2945: 2939: 2935: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2912: 2907: 2906: 2905:The Economist 2900: 2893: 2890: 2885: 2884: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2859: 2854: 2853: 2848: 2846: 2845: 2836: 2833: 2826: 2822: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2800:Sweden-Norway 2796: 2789: 2784: 2782: 2778: 2768: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2755:, in Diamonds 2754: 2751: 2750: 2748: 2737: 2735:, with Collar 2734: 2730: 2719: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2708:French Empire 2699: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672:, 2nd Class, 2671: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2623: 2621: 2610: 2608: 2607:25 April 1867 2604: 2600: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2553: 2552: 2547: 2546: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2530: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2509: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2463: 2451: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2430: 2425: 2421: 2418: 2415:, 1st Class ( 2414: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2392: 2389: 2378: 2374: 2373:16 March 1871 2370: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2347: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2325: 2318: 2313: 2311:, with Swords 2310: 2306: 2295: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2215: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2203:Service Award 2201: 2199:; in Diamonds 2198: 2194: 2190: 2188: 2187:22 March 1871 2184: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2094: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2077: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2048: 2043: 2036: 2035:Moltke Bridge 2032: 2025: 2020: 2019: 2014: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1986: 1983: 1979: 1976: 1972: 1969: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1951: 1950: 1947:Prussian Army 1946: 1941: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1930: 1929: 1928: 1920:Dates of rank 1919: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1910:wax cylinders 1907: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1890: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1876:Thomas Edison 1873: 1868: 1867: 1837: 1831: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1803:Personal life 1802: 1800: 1798: 1794: 1789: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1771: 1767: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1721: 1720: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1706:field marshal 1703: 1702: 1692: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1655: 1651: 1646: 1639: 1634: 1627: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1613: 1611: 1610:Siege of Metz 1607: 1601: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1504:Von Steinmetz 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1465: 1461: 1458: 1457:German Empire 1454: 1446: 1442: 1437: 1429: 1424: 1416: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1349: 1345: 1340: 1336: 1334: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1308: 1304: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1291:) and one at 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1220: 1212: 1210: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1156: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1137: 1136: 1130: 1123: 1118: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1047: 1040: 1038: 1036: 1030: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1015: 1012:In 1859, the 1010: 1008: 1004: 1003:German Empire 1000: 993: 992:Joseph Uphues 990:, Berlin, by 989: 985: 981: 977: 970: 965: 963: 961: 957: 953: 949: 948:Frederick III 945: 941: 937: 932: 928: 926: 922: 918: 913: 910: 909: 903: 901: 897: 892: 888: 884: 880: 871: 867: 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 827: 819: 817: 814: 813: 807: 805: 801: 797: 792: 790: 786: 782: 774: 769: 764: 762: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 731:French troops 729:of 1806–1807 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 707: 702: 698: 690: 688: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 657: 656:Prussian Army 653: 652:field marshal 650: 645: 637: 628: 605: 596: 593: 589: 585: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 561: 560: 557: 553: 550: 548: 545: 544: 543: 540: 538: 535: 531: 528: 527: 526: 523: 522: 515: 511: 508:(German Army) 507: 503: 498:(Danish Army) 497: 494: 490: 486: 482: 479: 478:Prussian Army 468: 464: 461: 449: 437: 436:German Empire 425: 414: 410: 405: 400: 392: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 364: 360: 338: 334: 331: 330:German Empire 327: 323: 315:24 April 1891 314: 310: 307: 303: 299: 287: 283: 278: 274: 270: 267: 261: 258: 255: 249: 246: 243: 241: 237: 234: 231: 229: 225: 222: 219: 215: 209: 204: 201: 196: 193: 190: 184: 181: 178: 172: 169: 166: 162: 156: 153: 151: 150:Frederick III 148: 146: 143: 142: 140: 136: 130: 125: 122: 117: 113: 100: 95: 85: 80: 77: 69: 59: 53: 51: 46: 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 4850: 4753: 4610: 4548: 4511: 4503: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4410: 4379: 4366: 4359: 4345: 4327: 4315: 4301: 4294: 4287: 4273: 4263: 4256: 4249: 4234: 4224: 4207: 4174: 4155: 4146: 4140:Vol. I. 4136: 4126: 4104:, retrieved 4095: 4089: 4070: 4064: 4030: 4023: 4009: 4002: 3992: 3986: 3975:, retrieved 3963: 3954: 3939: 3935: 3924: 3920: 3903: 3897: 3887: 3881: 3864: 3860: 3849: 3845: 3831: 3824: 3809: 3805: 3794: 3790: 3777: 3773: 3764: 3727: 3723: 3692: 3672:. Retrieved 3662: 3650:. Retrieved 3638: 3626:. Retrieved 3622: 3597:. Retrieved 3588: 3583: 3576: 3562: 3548: 3528: 3521: 3513: 3508: 3500: 3493:. Retrieved 3486: 3477: 3472:, p. 1. 3465: 3453:. Retrieved 3448: 3438: 3391: 3379: 3367: 3347: 3340: 3328: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3276:. Retrieved 3269: 3260: 3248: 3207:. Retrieved 3202: 3193: 3181: 3169: 3162: 3157: 3130:. Retrieved 3126: 3117: 3108: 3105: 3097: 3092: 3070:. Retrieved 3065: 2992: 2983: 2977: 2965:. Retrieved 2961: 2952: 2933: 2903: 2892: 2850: 2840: 2835: 2807: 2715: 2682: 2673: 2665:25 June 1867 2664: 2639: 2630: 2606: 2605:(military), 2583: 2573: 2538: 2528: 2505: 2482: 2473: 2447: 2372: 2367:9 March 1871 2366: 2363:Ludwig Order 2344:October 1861 2343: 2291: 2266: 2256: 2232: 2196: 2186: 2174:28 July 1866 2173: 2164: 2160: 2157:28 July 1866 2156: 2147: 2143: 2133: 2132:(military); 2129: 2126:8 March 1879 2125: 2121: 2117: 2107: 2103: 2072: 2068: 2056:October 1870 2055: 2051: 2016: 2009: 2002: 1996:Generalmajor 1995: 1988: 1981: 1974: 1967: 1960: 1953: 1939: 1924: 1923: 1903: 1887: 1861: 1833: 1829: 1806: 1793:World War II 1790: 1775: 1769: 1755: 1724: 1717: 1699: 1697: 1614: 1602: 1595: 1579: 1572: 1548: 1532: 1501: 1466: 1462: 1450: 1412:Later career 1407: 1390: 1388: 1363: 1352: 1335:by himself. 1328:3rd Division 1309: 1305: 1237: 1199: 1188:field manual 1180: 1176: 1157: 1141: 1133: 1079: 1052: 1031: 1027: 1011: 996: 952:Generalmajor 951: 940:Eternal City 939: 935: 933: 929: 916: 914: 906: 904: 900:Ottoman Army 876: 829: 810: 808: 803: 799: 795: 793: 778: 770:Early career 704: 694: 672: 635: 634: 513:Battles/wars 317:(1891-04-24) 268: 264:Succeeded by 207: 187:Succeeded by 179: 128: 76: 63: 47: 45:lead section 4869:1891 deaths 4864:1800 births 4601:(1871–1919) 4264:Parameters, 3495:14 December 3451:(in German) 3384:Wagner 1899 3372:Müller 1879 3321:Wagner 1899 3308:. pp. 45–47 3253:Müller 1879 3174:Müller 1879 3150:Müller 1879 3068:(in German) 2695:, 1st Class 2519:Württemberg 2401:Mecklenburg 2179:Grand Cross 2134:24 May 1874 1933:Danish Army 1884:Shakespeare 1770:Vanity Fair 1663:Members of 1481:Lower Rhine 1447:took power. 1249:Second Army 1007:staff rides 982:, near the 852:Dardanelles 681:German army 385:Nickname(s) 252:Preceded by 175:Preceded by 108: 1889 4858:Categories 4554:1857–1888 4119:References 4034:. Moscow. 3628:1 February 3455:27 January 3396:Wawro 1996 3203:HistoryNet 3072:16 January 2631:April 1867 2183:Iron Cross 1880:phonograph 1764:Moltke by 1741:, and the 1650:Iron Cross 1623:Later life 1497:Strasbourg 1473:Luxembourg 1445:communists 1359:Königgrätz 1316:Wellington 1283:), one at 1251:, and the 1245:First Army 1120:Statue in 1063:Fredericia 988:Tiergarten 966:In Prussia 743:Copenhagen 691:Early life 412:Allegiance 341:Marie Burt 291:1800-10-26 164:Chancellor 155:Wilhelm II 66:April 2024 4198:(1911). " 4106:31 August 4050:cite book 3977:24 August 3209:16 August 2821:Fort Rapp 2716:June 1867 2440:Oldenburg 2305:Brunswick 2211:on Ribbon 1968:Hauptmann 1809:St. Croix 1747:William I 1719:Reichstag 1640:, in 2005 1544:Lunéville 1518:, around 1506:, on the 1395:Reichstag 1389:In 1867, 1344:Wilhelm I 1295:(General 1287:(General 1279:(General 1271:(General 1053:When the 1035:Schleswig 944:Magdeburg 891:Euphrates 856:Wallachia 836:Mahmud II 703:, son of 373:Signature 362:Relatives 221:Wilhelm I 208:In office 145:Wilhelm I 129:In office 91:the Elder 50:summarize 4471:LibriVox 3593:Archived 3449:Die Welt 2815:See also 2424:Strelitz 2417:Schwerin 1638:Krzyżowa 1587:Beaumont 1555:MacMahon 1540:Saarburg 1439:Statue ( 1324:Gitschin 1228:Bismarck 1152:Napoleon 1098:Limfjord 921:IV Corps 885:against 879:Anatolia 860:Bulgaria 850:and the 848:Bosporus 719:Holstein 649:Prussian 368:(nephew) 138:Monarchs 4525:of the 4521:in the 4206:(ed.). 4193:: 3674:17 June 3652:29 June 3599:2 April 3278:11 June 3132:21 July 2967:21 July 2599:Belgium 2283:Bavaria 2181:of the 2136:(civil) 2093:Prussia 2065:Hamburg 1817:planter 1811:in the 1795:, when 1712:of the 1596:At the 1582:Bazaine 1563:Bazaine 1520:Homburg 1508:Moselle 1485:Koblenz 1477:Cologne 1441:Leipzig 1403:Creisau 1382:in the 1378:, near 1320:Blücher 1312:Bohemia 1293:Wetzlar 1257:Görlitz 1122:Parchim 1102:Jutland 1019:William 986:in the 864:Rumelia 844:Turkish 789:William 781:Silesia 697:Parchim 640:German: 487:1819–88 448:Denmark 356: 348: 344: 326:Prussia 298:Parchim 269:Himself 217:Monarch 4438:(1893) 4432:(1892) 4426:(1891) 4417: 4392: 4371:online 4352: 4334: 4308: 4280: 4241: 4202:". 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