55:
1065:
1077:
33:
239:, which is a diagnostic feature. Classification in the field is based on morphological characteristics, with considerable variations in colouration between insects of the same species (although for example,
259:
sucking mouthparts, they pierce plant tissues and cause damage ranging from leaf tattering and fruit blemishes, to complete death of shoots, branches or whole plants.
1228:
1254:
1202:
1241:
1002:
Stonedahl GM (1991) Oriental species of
Helopeltis (Heteroptera: Miridae): a review of economic literature and guide to identification.
1092:
1246:
977:
1069:
1163:
1150:
54:
1259:
236:
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772:
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812:
762:
742:
712:
652:
642:
552:
542:
522:
442:
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by
Schmitz (1968). These species usually have a lesser pests status than their Asian counterparts, with
371:
582:
672:
662:
602:
512:
472:
294:
1287:
1031:
Signoret (Heteroptera, Miridae) avec un exposedes problemes relatifes aux structures genitales',
462:
49:
41:
1233:
1176:
433:
267:
1047:
341:
1141:
417:
307:
271:
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203:
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32:
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412:
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263:
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1120:
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356:
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195:
126:
1220:
215:
211:
96:
76:
1097:
1194:
927:
337:
275:
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are important 'new encounter' pests of SE Asian cocoa including:
380:
1101:
1027:
Schmitz G (1968) 'Monographie des especes
Africaines du genre
219:
1018:
Entwistle PF (1972) Pests of Cocoa, Longmans, London, 779 pp
406:
causing greatest cocoa tree and crop damage in
Central and
1110:
390:, are the African species which were placed into
235:Mosquito bugs have a characteristic spine on the
386:Other cocoa Mirid pest species, very similar to
880:Entwistle (1972) lists and maps ten species of
8:
1098:
226:, or placed in its own genus. A number of
31:
20:
961:: widespread, but only found on cocoa in
970:: the most widespread in tropical Africa
995:
985:: widespread in west and central Africa
7:
379:as a sub-species): India through to
1004:Bulletin of Entomological Research
14:
900:: widely distributed east of the
1075:
1063:
935:: humid forest in central Africa
243:is characteristically green and
53:
420:, are similarly minor pests of
416:species, belonging to the same
1:
232:species are pests in Africa.
206:of various crops, including
168:
1050:(searched 20 December 2023)
926:: Ivory Coast and probably
1304:
186:, also sometimes known as
1088:DropData cocoa pest guide
1033:Ann. Mus. Roy. Afr. Cent.
593:Helopeltis fasciaticollis
266:along the islands of the
166:
161:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
950:: north and east of the
623:Helopeltis hyalospilosus
436:currently (2023) lists:
198:(capsid bugs) and tribe
773:Helopeltis pseudomaynei
737:Stonedahl et al.2, 1995
403:Distantiella theobromae
397:Sahlbergella singularis
262:There has been evident
251:Damage and distribution
853:Helopeltis waterhousei
793:Helopeltis schoutedeni
733:Helopeltis pernicialis
693:Helopeltis melanescens
683:Helopeltis mayumbensis
613:Helopeltis ghesquierei
483:Helopeltis basilewskyi
978:São Tomé and Príncipe
863:Helopeltis westwoodii
823:Helopeltis sumatranus
803:Helopeltis seredensis
783:Helopeltis rauwolfiae
753:Helopeltis podagricus
703:Helopeltis obscuratus
573:Helopeltis couturieri
563:Helopeltis corbisieri
222:. Now in a different
1084:at Wikimedia Commons
843:Helopeltis villiersi
723:Helopeltis pellucida
633:Helopeltis insularis
533:Helopeltis cinchonae
503:Helopeltis bergrothi
493:Helopeltis bergevini
453:Helopeltis anacardii
833:Helopeltis theivora
813:Helopeltis sulawesi
763:Helopeltis poppiusi
743:Helopeltis plebejus
713:Helopeltis orophila
653:Helopeltis lalandei
643:Helopeltis labaumei
553:Helopeltis collaris
543:Helopeltis clavifer
523:Helopeltis carayoni
443:Helopeltis alluaudi
583:Helopeltis cuneata
463:Helopeltis antonii
42:Helopeltis antonii
16:Genus of true bugs
1270:
1269:
1104:Taxon identifiers
1080:Media related to
1048:Catalogue of life
884:attacking cocoa:
673:Helopeltis maynei
663:Helopeltis lemosi
603:Helopeltis gerini
513:Helopeltis bradyi
473:Helopeltis bakeri
467:V. Signoret, 1858
434:Catalogue of life
270:and there may be
268:Malay Archipelago
175:
174:
157:
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1068:Data related to
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1039:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1000:
913:): very common,
868:
858:
848:
838:
837:Waterhouse, 1886
828:
818:
808:
798:
788:
787:Ghesquiere, 1948
778:
768:
758:
757:(A. Costa, 1864)
748:
738:
728:
718:
717:Ghesquiere, 1939
708:
698:
688:
687:Ghesquiere, 1922
678:
677:Ghesquiere, 1922
668:
667:Ghesquiere, 1922
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517:Waterhouse, 1886
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342:Papua New Guinea
190:, is a group of
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308:Malay Peninsula
272:cryptic species
253:
202:. They include
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12:
11:
5:
1301:
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1283:Miridae genera
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1072:at Wikispecies
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1058:External links
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968:A. schoutedeni
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948:A. mayumbensis
945:
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924:A. serendensis
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857:Kirkaldy, 1902
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847:Delattre, 1947
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547:(Walker, 1871)
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933:A. corbisieri
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657:Carayon, 1949
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627:Schmitz, 1988
625:
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617:Schmitz, 1968
615:
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607:Carayon, 1949
605:
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587:Distant, 1903
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577:Schmitz, 1988
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567:Schmitz, 1968
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377:H. theobromae
374:
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362:H. sumatranus
360:
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349:: Philippines
348:
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284:sensu stricto
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255:With typical
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188:mosquito bugs
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998:
983:A. westwoodi
982:
973:
967:
958:
947:
938:
932:
923:
911:H. bergevini
910:
906:
898:A. bergrothi
897:
891:A. bergrothi
889:
881:
879:
874:
861:
851:
841:
831:
827:Roepke, 1916
821:
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797:Reuter, 1906
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247:red-brown).
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40:
24:
18:
1216:iNaturalist
1136:Wikispecies
963:Ivory Coast
959:A. poppiusi
952:Congo River
941:: southern
915:Ivory Coast
907:A. lalendei
902:Niger River
408:West Africa
372:H. theivora
353:H. sulawesi
347:H. collaris
334:H. clavifer
312:Philippines
297:through to
241:H. theivora
117:Heteroptera
1277:Categories
1156:Helopeltis
1142:Helopeltis
1112:Helopeltis
1082:Helopeltis
1070:Helopeltis
1029:Helopeltis
990:References
882:Afropeltis
875:Afropeltis
727:Stal, 1871
557:Stal, 1871
537:Mann, 1907
413:Monalonion
392:Afropeltis
388:Helopeltis
299:West Irian
291:H. antonii
280:Helopeltis
264:speciation
257:Hemipteran
245:H. antonii
229:Afropeltis
183:Helopeltis
148:Helopeltis
113:Suborder:
87:Arthropoda
25:Helopeltis
1288:Dicyphini
1127:Q16982956
1038:: 247 pp.
1009:: 465–490
974:A. lemosi
939:A. gerini
329:Indonesia
321:Sri Lanka
317:H. bradyi
304:H. bakeri
237:scutellum
200:Dicyphini
137:Dicyphini
107:Hemiptera
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
1121:Wikidata
943:Cameroun
357:Sulawesi
325:Malaysia
274:in this
224:subgenus
169:see text
162:Species
154:Signoret
123:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
1234:1111292
1208:3265690
919:Nigeria
894:group:
428:Species
424:cocoa.
366:Sumatra
196:Miridae
143:Genus:
133:Tribe:
127:Miridae
103:Order:
97:Insecta
93:Class:
1260:237374
1247:113163
1221:474380
1195:1HELOG
1169:190058
375:(with
216:cotton
212:cashew
156:, 1858
1229:IRMNG
1182:62VFS
928:Ghana
418:tribe
338:Sabah
295:India
282:spp.
276:genus
208:cacao
204:pests
179:genus
1255:NCBI
1242:ITIS
1203:GBIF
1190:EPPO
1164:BOLD
888:the
432:The
400:and
381:Java
340:and
310:and
218:and
177:The
1177:CoL
1151:AFD
1036:168
917:to
909:(=
220:tea
1279::
1257::
1244::
1231::
1218::
1205::
1192::
1179::
1166::
1153::
1138::
1123::
1007:81
976::
410:.
364::
355::
336::
327:,
323:,
319::
306::
293::
278:.
214:,
210:,
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