518:. Where possible, she included the prisoners themselves in any decision process affecting daily prison life, and she also institutionalised this consultative approach by supporting the creation of representative bodies or "prisoner councils". According to at least one source Einsele also extended to inmates the right to wear "normal clothing" and allocated a social worker to each of them. She also pioneered the provision of certain therapeutic treatments and backed the establishment if self-help groups by prisoners. It was largely as a result of statistical evidence correlating Einsele's reforms with reduced
295:. She was particularly affected by Radbruch's intense concern with the political and social problems affecting and impacted by the justice system. It was from him that she acquired her deep conviction that reform of criminal justice was not enough: a completely new approach to law breaking was necessary. In the context of the 1930s, long before the reform of penal institutions and acceptance on the part of government and society of the rehabilitative function of the prison system, many of the ideas she shared with
902:"Frau Dr. Helga Einsele, Sie haben dem Frankfurter Parteivorstand mitgeteilt, daß Sie entgegen der Forderung des Bundesvorstandes, nicht bereit sind, aus der Förderergesellschaft des SDS auszutreten. Mit dieser Entscheidung verlieren Sie Ihre Mitgliedschaft in der SPD. Ein Einspruch gegen den Ausschluß ist nicht möglich. Ihr Parteibuch ist Eigentum der Partei und ist bis zum Freitag in der Frankfurter Parteizentrale abzugeben....
585:. The honorary professorship was no sinecure. She conducted seminars at the university, published articles in specialist journals and as contributions to lexicons. She remained a campaigner, delivering speeches in support of "points of contact for women who have fallen foul of the criminal justice system" and many other, mainly human, issues with links to criminology. She also worked at the "mother and child" unit in
471:, and that the prisoners should be seated for the event rather than being left to stand while the officers sat, the institution became "a witches cauldron". Prisoner officers found it unreasonable. They found the new prison director and her ideas "weird". But such resistance only fuelled Einsele's convictions that there had to be a better way.
207:. The family later relocated in connection with her father's work. Dr. Friedrich Hackmann worked as a secondary school teacher, returning in 1923 to the school at which he had started his career in 1906, having accepted a position as "school director". He was removed from his headship ten years later by the
459:
for twenty-eight years, till her retirement from the post in 1975. During that period she came to public attention as a very public champion for a radically more "humanized" ethos in the West German penal system. She became well known for introducing "ground-breaking reforms" in prisoners' living
499:
at the time, Helga
Einsele became the first West German prison director to install a "mother and child" unit in a prison, launching an agenda-setting experiment whereby female offenders were no longer obliged automatically to hand their babies and children over to a state orphanage at the start of a
439:. It was partly thanks to the contacts and recommendations of these two former law professors that in 1947 Helga Einsele found herself faced with two competing job offers in Frankfurt am Main. Faced with the choice between taking charge of the police department or of the large women's prison in
549:
to celebrate his memory. In 1969 Helga
Einsele became the first recipient. That was only one of a number of awards and other marks of esteem that Einsele received because of her efforts, over many years, to create a humane prisons system in West Germany. In 1976 she received the irregularly
483:
in the middle of the floor of her cell, the prison director personally cleared up the mess, hoping both to shame the prisoner into not doing it again, and to make clear that she was not going to be fazed by a pile of shit. The prisoner repeated the performance, with the added embellishment of
325:
in the extreme south-west of
Germany. Legislation passed in 1933 meant that Helga Einsele was not permitted to work in the discipline for which she was qualified, and during the mid-1930s the couple were obliged to focus their energies on making ends meet. When she had started preparing her
308:
she was unable to follow that path. Two grounds were given: "as a married woman, such a course would be unsuitable for her, and her political attitudes made her admission to government service undesirable". Helga
Hackmann had married Wilhelm Einsele in 1931, during their time together in
1583:
Vor fĂĽnf Jahren interviewte Ernst Klee zum erstenmal die
Leiterin der Frankfurter Frauenstrafanstalt, Helga Einsch. Beide verbindet die Arbeit mit Inhaftierten und Entlassenen. Jetzt, nach der Pensionierung von Helga Einsele, sprach unser Mitarbeiter noch einmal mit ihr: Bilanz nach 28
727:, keen to avoid charges of political extremism and pro-Kremlin tendencies, generally sought to avoid public internal wranglings on the issue. Where that proved impossible, the party leadership lined up uncomfortably behind the conservatives, just as they had in
1700:
1110:
772:, by means of an angry-formal letter signed by party secretary Willi Wiedemann. It turned out that Wiedemann's letter had been a standard text sent to a number of party colleagues: Helga Einsele was in good company. Other recipients included
751:
should resign their SDS memberships. Those who combined membership of both organisations were, in most cases, university professors, many of whom would hitherto have been seen as non-dogmatic leftists. They included respected jurists such as
691:
repudiated
Marxism and set aside many other left-wing tenets associated with the party's history. After nearly eight years in the making, a new programme was presented to a special meeting of party activist members, held in the town hall at
1770:
Verleihung der
Wilhelm Leuschner-Medaille verschoben: Die Wilhelm Leuschner-Medaille ist die höchste Auszeichnung des Landes Hessen. Sie wird jeweils am Hessischen Verfassungstag, dem 1. Dezember, verliehen. Coronabedingt wird die Verleihung
299:
must have seemed more than
Utopian, but they would remain an important strand in Helga Hackmann's professional life for more than half a century during which some of them came to be seen as progressively less outlandish. She passed her
1613:
1647:
Eingegangene
Stellungnahmen zu der mündlichen Anhörung des Rechts- und Integrationsausschusses und des Unterausschusses Justizvollzug zu dem Gesetzentwurf der Landesregierung für ein Gesetz zur Schaffung und Änderung hessischer
263:. Helga Hackmann had originally gotten to know the biology student Wilhelm Einsele (1904-1966) through their shared political involvement. Her studies in New York were complemented by a period of practical social work with
467:. The idea that there might be - and was - such a thing as a "born criminal type" was a deeply ingrained underlying assumption. When first she suggested that prison officers and prisoners should attend her lecture
589:
prison. Although, as one affectionate obituarist recalled, she loved to discuss over a cup of tea with those who came to visit her, she also found time to complete her autobiography, "Mein Leben mit Frauen in Haft"
350:
had taken over as Helga
Einsele's doctoral supervisor. Forbidden from working in the German legal system, she was able to complete and submit her doctoral dissertation while living with her husband on the shores of
644:. That had been sufficient to mark her out for career blocking government measures during the 1930s. She herself told an interviewer in 1970 that she had been "kicked out of the judiciary by the Nazis" (
807:
that Einsele most obviously found herself on the same side of relevant political fences as the SDS. Retirement from the prison service gave her more time for politics. After 1975, declaring herself a
555:
835:, as part of an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to prevent the delivery to the base of nuclear missiles. (They arrived in 1983.) She was tried and convicted under a charge of Coercion (
335:
479:
did not need a better criminal justice system, but something better than a criminal justice system".. She never forgot it. When a prisoner became so frustrated and enraged that she
839:), but avoided the headline-grabbing indignity of a prison sentence in the state institution of which, till five year before, she had been the director. Instead she received a fine.
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Another issue in respect of which the eighty-year old was often to be found marching alongside street demonstrators one or several generations her junior was Paragraph 218 of
288:
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during three days in November 1959. There was no more talk of socialisation or even of the working class. When a vote was taken, just sixteen comrades voted against the
423:, who would soon become both a friend and a professional colleague. Over the next couple of decades she would frequently assist Bauer, sharing in his denazification work.
1640:"Stellungnahme der Anlaufstelle für straffällig gewordene Frauen zum Gesetzentwurf der Landesregierung für ein Gesetz zur Schaffung und Änderung hessischer Vollzugsgesetze"
1213:
653:
611:
292:
574:
Helga Einsele retired from her position with the prisons service in 1975, having reached the age of 65 and was appointed that same year to an honorary professorship in
1366:
Dorothee MuĂźgnug (author of this section); Volker Sellin (compiler-editor); Eike Wolgast (compiler-editor); Wolfgang U. Eckart (compiler-editor) (23 September 2006).
1738:. Druck und Verlag Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbh & Co. KG (Neue Kriminalpolitik: Forum fĂĽr Praxis, Recht und Kriminalwissenschafte), Baden-Baden. p. 56.
500:
prison sentence. Another important reform involved instructing prison staff to treat prisoners with respect. Traditionally prisoners had been addressed with
463:
Einsele's reform agenda at Preungesheim did not go unresisted. In 1947 she took over a prison in which most of the prison officers had been on duty under
447:, who had emerged from an American prisoner of war camp, a respected and experienced legal academic untainted by Nazism, to be appointed in October 1945 as
321:
Helga Einsele's completion of her doctorate seems to have been delayed until 1938, when Wilhelm Einsele obtained a job as a Fisheries Biology Manager at
514:
implying superior status. Einsele caused consternation in some quarters by instructing prisoner staff to address prisoners with the more respectful
304:
in 1935, gaining a distinction. Under most circumstances that would have opened the way for a traineeship in the government justice service, but in
460:
conditions at the Preungesheim prison. Her work led subsequently to major reforms in the living conditions of women prisoners across the country.
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smearing excrement on the cell walls. Again, Einsele personally cleaned the mess away. The woman did not repeat her performance a third time.
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803:. Although it's underlying political objectives were broadly aligned with Helga Einsele's views on a number of topics, it was in respect of
1879:
1869:
1298:"Einsele, Helga, Reg.-Dir. a. D. Prof. Dr.; geb. Dölau bei Halle 09. 06. 1910; gest. Frankfurt am Main 13. 02. 2005; WG.: geb. Hackmann"
821:
800:
614:. Although is unclear whether she had ever found time actually to become a mainstream party member as a university student before the
1889:
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744:
720:
684:
657:
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768:. The party leadership demanded her resignation from the support group. When she refused, she was herself expelled from the
268:
1111:""Anzustreben ist nicht ein besserer Strafvollzug, sondern etwas, das besser ist als Strafvollzug." Zum Tod von Helga Einsele"
1894:
1874:
371:
By that time they had moved again. During 1938 Wilhelm and Helga left Konstanz and settled in a remote Mountain village in
1701:"Für Klaus Waterstradt war die Humanität unserer Rechtsordnung stets mehr als eine Frage allgemeiner Prinzipien des Rechts"
1673:
448:
259:: the visit was undertaken in the company of a Heidelberg graduate student, whose trip was being funded by a bursary from
390:
1223:. Vorstand der Evangelischen Konferenz für Gefängnisseelsorge in Deutschland (Mitteilungsblatt), Hannover. pp. 19–21
828:
between 1979 and 1991. In 1980, by this time aged 70, she was one of those arrested during a "peaceful blockade" of the
652:, which appears to have been one of a number of locally organised social democrat student group with close links to the (
824:, west of the Urals and, after 1979 in the surging peace movement across West Germany, opposing the deployment there of
394:
579:
435:
and they returned in 1945 well networked within the post-war political establishment in what became, in May 1949, the
415:, and was building a reputation for his scholarly insights into inland fisheries management. Through her old tutor,
271:. Later during the 1930s she would draw on the notes and experiences from her time in New York for her doctorate.
240:
99:
649:
336:
government legislation intended (among other things) to remove high-profile political opponents from public office
195:. She was the elder of her parents' two daughters. During the first part of her childhood the family lived at
1884:
1765:
1542:
1033:
398:
387:
1300:. Em. o. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gerhard Köbler, Zentrissimum integrativer europäischer Legistik, Universität Innsbruck
633:
372:
107:
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looked bleak after 1933. But he continued to lecture in criminal law and coach students for their exams at
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507:, implying inferior status; while prison staff had expected to be addressed by those in their charge as
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finally came up with a plan designed to make itself electable in the democratic part of Germany. The
408:
Wilhelm Einsele remained in Austria, where he had established a small research institute of his own at
379:. Here they remained, sitting out fascism and war, till 1945. Their daughter Nele was born in 1941.
443:, Einsele chose the prison job. She had, according to one source, already been picked out for it by
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Die Sozialistin, Gefängnisleiterin und Strafvollzugsreformerin ist in Frankfurt am Main gestorben
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192:
58:
54:
602:
Helga Einsele died at Frankfurt on 13 February 2010. Her daughter and grandson were with her.
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Radbruch and Bauer had both established formidable reputations as academic jurists before
416:
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As a law student at Heidelberg, after "overcoming bourgeois scruples", she soon joined
255:. Her university career was interrupted by an eighteen month stay, during 1931/32, in
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AWO Kreisverband Frankfurt am Main e.V (Anlaufstelle für straffällig gewordene Frauen)
1034:
Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung Gesellschaftsanalyse und politische Bildung e. V. ("Linksnet")
1863:
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683:- or something very like it - seemed likely to endure for ever, the left-of-centre
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in 1939. Her doctoral dissertation was entitled "Das Frauengericht in New York" (
305:
301:
212:
208:
966:
764:. From within the party, Helga Einsele and other set up a support group for the
975:
958:
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575:
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420:
322:
223:, where she and her younger sister Erdmuthe attended their father's school, the
220:
167:
893:"Nicht ein besseres Strafrecht, sondern etwas, das besser ist als Strafrecht."
877:
622:
519:
480:
1743:
376:
1838:
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545:, of which Bauer had been a co-founder, established the annually awarded
283:. She was taught and powerfully influenced by the politician-professor
183:
Helga Marianne Freda Hackmann was born into a liberally minded family in
1322:
Die Diskriminierung der Juristin wärend der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus
1025:
343:
88:
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socialist", she participated in noisy opposition to the deployment of
1073:
339:
232:
196:
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355:, eventually receiving her doctorate (apparently remotely) from
200:
1436:
Helga Einsele (1910–2005) - Ein Leben um der Überzeugung willen
667:
came to be seen as no more than a front for anti-democratic
663:
Following a decade during which the "socialist paradise" of
876:
whose future career prospects, due to his refusal to join
795:
Far from fading away after being disowned by the SPD, the
719:. Einsele was uncomfortable with re-armament, while the
326:
doctoral dissertation, her supervisor had been her mentor
211:
in October 1933), following a protracted dispute with the
16:
German criminologist, prison director and prisons reformer
1221:
Am 21. Februar 2005 wurde Helga Einsele zu Grabe getragen
747:
demanded that party members who were also members of the
215:
organisation. Helga's mother was an early advocate of
1543:"Biographical and Historical Notes .... Helga Einsele"
1024:
GĂĽnter Platzdasch; Heiner Halberstadt (8 March 2005).
849:. Helga Einsele was not a fan of West Germany's pre-
522:, that interest in her ideas extended both throughout
455:
region. Einsele remained in charge of the prison at
330:, but he had been removed from his university post in
1325:. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 287–295, 289.
959:"Helga Einsele – Ein Leben um der Überzeugung willen"
393:
in 1945, Helga Einsele returned with her daughter to
170:, prison director and high-profile prisons reformer.
1481:"Wir nehmen Abschied von Nele Löw Beer geb. Einsele"
1845:. taz Verlags u. Vertriebs GmbH, Berlin. p. 11
1732:"Helga Einsele Ein Leben um der Ăśberzeugung willen"
451:for the newly established (and soon to be renamed)
291:, and one of the intellectual heavy-weights of the
149:
135:
127:
113:
95:
69:
28:
21:
920:
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884:till his health failed him during the early 1940s.
646:"von den Nazis 1935 aus dem Justizdienst geworfen"
1519:. OĂ– Landes-Kultur GmbH (Ă–sterreichs Fischerei),
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
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1007:
700:. One of them was cast by a delegate sent from
1026:"Aufrechter Gang und Eigen-Sinn: Helga Einsele"
711:A burning political issue of the time involved
166:: 9 June 1910 - 13 February 2005) was a German
1428:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1243:"Dr. Friedrich Hackmann und die Weimarer Zeit"
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1764:Volker Watschounek (author-compiler) (2020).
671:, while West Germany experienced a sustained
8:
1674:"Fritz-Bauer-Preis der Humanistischen Union"
1439:. Nomos Verlag. pp. 187–198, 194, 195.
715:and the positioning (and/or use) in Germany
1549:. University of Delaware Library, Newark DE
953:
951:
949:
947:
628:, she had certainly involved herself with
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636:and been heavily influenced by the former
18:
974:
735:"Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund"
375:, which remained a separate country till
144:freelance journalist & games designer
872:was an academic colleague and friend of
592:loosely, "My life with imprisoned women"
1614:"Incarceration as a Gendering Strategy"
932:(online). 21 February 2005. p. 190
914:
862:
743:, it was the SDS that had to go. The
558:. In 1979 she was a recipient of the
419:, Helga Einsele met Radbruch's friend,
1794:
1784:
1654:. 10 March 2010. pp. 1–3, 320–322
1462:
1452:
1406:
1395:
1385:
1348:
1338:
1212:Christiane "Bim" Bastian (July 2005).
1183:
1173:
1153:. C.F. Müller GmbH. pp. 582–583.
993:
982:
610:In 1953 Helga Einsele "re-joined" the
541:died unexpectedly in July 1968. The
437:German Federal Republic (West Germany)
1372:. Springer-Verlag. pp. 261–318.
361:loosely, "Women's Courts in New York"
131:Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Einsele (1904-1966)
7:
1730:Hannelore Maelicke (February 2005).
799:continued to flourish as a focus of
427:Prison director and prisons reformer
199:, a little town on the banks of the
1699:Rosemarie Will (15 November 2008).
1618:synopsis (and link for paid access)
1433:Hannelore Maelicke (1 April 2016).
1147:Arthur Kaufmann (compiler) (1995).
648:) because of her membership of the
1816:. Evangelischer Verlag Stuttgart.
1547:Kay Boyle letters to Helga Einsele
1064:GĂĽnter Platzdasch (5 March 2005).
317:Government imposed career deferral
14:
733:Socialist German Student League (
1766:"Nr. 78. 1979 Dr. Helga Einsele"
594:), which was published in 1995.
123:Criminal justice reform activist
1705:Die Rede der Bundesvorsitzenden
1214:"Trauerfeier fĂĽr Helga Einsele"
739:came out in open opposition to
650:"Sozialistischer Studentenbund"
235:in 1929, she moved on to study
141:(25 August 1941 - 2 March 2015)
1812:Helga Einsele (January 1995).
1577:Ernst Klee (17 October 1975).
1510:"Professor Dr. Wilhem Einsele"
801:extra-parliamentary opposition
219:. Helga Hackmann grew up in
1:
1814:Mein Leben mit Frauen in Haft
1150:Einsele, Helga, geb. Hackmann
708:party branch, Helga Einsele.
685:Social Democratic Party (SPD)
33:Helga Marianne Freda Hackmann
1620:. Cambridge University Press
1277:Gymnasium Johanneum LĂĽneburg
1251:Gymnasium Johanneum LĂĽneburg
847:penal code (Strafgesetzbuch)
338:. By 1935 Radbruch was in
1880:Prison governors of Germany
1870:German women criminologists
1579:"Die Anstalt war ihr Leben"
1273:"SchĂĽlerinnen am Johanneum"
1109:Sven LĂĽders (20 May 2005).
976:10.5771/0934-9200-2005-2-56
1921:
502:the familiar pronoun "du"
302:Level 1 national law exams
269:New York Police Department
241:universities of Königsberg
179:Provenance and early years
1890:People from Halle (Saale)
1319:Claudia Huerkamp (1996).
397:, making her home in the
275:Law student at Heidelberg
1369:Die juristische Fakultät
731:. When the affiliated
630:socialist student groups
399:American occupation zone
281:socialist student groups
233:Completing her schooling
1837:FLO (19 January 1993).
826:US Pershing II missiles
675:, and the conservative
658:Social Democratic Party
612:Social Democratic Party
560:Wilhelm Leuschner Medal
293:Social Democratic Party
1271:Dr. Dörte Haftendorn.
1247:Chronik des Johanneums
992:Cite journal requires
792:and Heinz Brakemeier.
713:West German rearmament
441:Frankfurt-Preungesheim
231:in the city centre.
153:Dr. Friedrich Hackmann
1895:People from Frankfurt
1875:German criminologists
1610:Marie-Andrée Bertrand
1490:. RheinMainMedia GmbH
969:. February 2005: 56.
882:Heidelberg University
762:Heinz-Joachim Heydorn
725:Godesberger Programme
698:Godesberger Programme
689:Godesberger Programme
497:West German president
357:Heidelberg University
1121:, Berlin. p. 16
963:Neue Kriminalpolitik
640:government minister
580:Goethe University of
487:With the support of
475:had taught her that
247:since 1945 "Wrocław"
217:women's emancipation
1709:Humanistische Union
1678:Humanistische Union
1119:Humanistische Union
1115:Verbandsnachrichten
782:Ossip K. Flechtheim
758:Ossip K. Flechtheim
654:since 1933 outlawed
526:and far beyond the
334:under the terms of
261:Columbia University
1797:has generic name (
1398:has generic name (
774:Wolfgang Abendroth
754:Wolfgang Abendroth
717:of nuclear weapons
702:Wolfgang Abendroth
673:"economic miracle"
669:Soviet imperialism
618:of Germany into a
606:Socialist politics
552:Humanitarian Prize
465:National Socialism
1773:. Wiesbaden lebt!
1446:978-3-8452-4449-5
1379:978-3-540-39385-6
1332:978-3-525-35666-1
1160:978-3-8114-4794-3
1070:Neues Deutschland
870:Herbert Engelhard
805:anti-war activism
778:Helmut Gollwitzer
760:from Cologne and
562:, awarded by the
556:German Freemasons
547:Fritz Bauer Prize
445:Georg-August Zinn
403:Frankfurt am Main
348:Herbert Engelhard
209:Hitler government
157:
156:
81:Frankfurt am Main
73:February 13, 2005
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1612:(18 July 2014).
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894:
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867:
756:from Frankfurt,
745:party leadership
520:recidivism rates
449:Justice Minister
306:Hitler's Germany
289:Justice Minister
76:
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19:
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1915:
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1839:"Helga Einsele"
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1066:"Helga Einsele"
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926:"Helga Einsele"
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874:Gustav Radbruch
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830:Mutlanger Heath
681:Konrad Adenauer
642:Gustav Radbruch
608:
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564:State of Hessen
536:
489:Hilda Heinemann
429:
417:Gustav Radbruch
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814:SS-20 missiles
677:chancellorship
616:transformation
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511:(ye/you/vous)
506:
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168:criminologist
165:
161:
160:Helga Einsele
152:
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139:Nele Löw Beer
138:
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119:Criminologist
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114:Occupation(s)
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72:
68:
64:
60:
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52:
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27:
23:Helga Einsele
20:
1847:. Retrieved
1843:Das Portrait
1842:
1832:
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1807:
1775:. Retrieved
1769:
1759:
1747:. Retrieved
1735:
1725:
1713:. Retrieved
1704:
1694:
1682:. Retrieved
1668:
1656:. Retrieved
1646:
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1617:
1604:
1592:. Retrieved
1584:Dienstjahren
1582:
1551:. Retrieved
1546:
1537:
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1516:
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1492:. Retrieved
1487:
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1292:
1280:. Retrieved
1266:
1254:. Retrieved
1246:
1237:
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1220:
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1149:
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1114:
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1038:. Retrieved
1029:
985:cite journal
934:. Retrieved
898:
889:
865:
841:
836:
833:US army base
809:
794:
734:
710:
665:East Germany
662:
645:
626:dictatorship
609:
601:
591:
587:Preungesheim
573:
537:
530:boundaries.
510:
503:
486:
468:
462:
457:Preungesheim
430:
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370:
360:
320:
278:
246:
226:
213:Hitler Youth
182:
163:
159:
158:
143:
75:(2005-02-13)
43:June 9, 1910
1905:2005 deaths
1900:1910 births
1463:|work=
1407:|work=
1349:|work=
1184:|work=
930:Der Spiegel
576:Criminology
539:Fritz Bauer
534:Recognition
421:Fritz Bauer
323:Langenargen
287:, a former
225:Johanneum (
1864:Categories
1771:verschoben
910:References
837:"Nötigung"
810:democratic
786:Fritz Lamm
741:rearmament
634:university
570:Retirement
410:Kreuzstein
377:March 1938
253:Heidelberg
108:Heidelberg
100:Königsberg
39:1910-06-09
1744:0934-9200
1465:ignored (
1455:cite book
1409:ignored (
1388:cite book
1351:ignored (
1341:cite book
1186:ignored (
1176:cite book
967:Göttingen
878:the party
706:Frankfurt
583:Frankfurt
481:defecated
413:(Mondsee)
391:war ended
388:After the
367:War years
245:Breslau (
227:Gymnasium
1787:cite web
1711:, Berlin
1680:, Berlin
1590:(online)
1588:Die Zeit
1036:, Berlin
550:awarded
495:was the
491:, whose
473:Radbruch
469:together
311:New York
297:Radbruch
257:New York
221:LĂĽneburg
136:Children
1849:7 March
1777:6 March
1749:6 March
1736:Nachruf
1715:6 March
1684:6 March
1658:6 March
1624:5 March
1594:7 March
1553:5 March
1527:6 March
1517:Nachruf
1494:5 March
1304:5 March
1282:5 March
1256:5 March
1227:5 March
1166:5 March
1125:5 March
1079:5 March
1040:5 March
936:5 March
822:Ukraine
723:of the
578:at the
554:of the
493:husband
477:Germany
395:Germany
373:Austria
344:England
267:of the
239:at the
104:Breslau
89:Germany
63:Germany
59:Prussia
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1074:Berlin
737:/ SDS)
509:"Sie"
346:, and
340:Oxford
197:Torgau
193:Saxony
162:(born
150:Father
128:Spouse
117:Jurist
55:Saxony
1643:(PDF)
1513:(PDF)
1484:(PDF)
1217:(PDF)
857:Notes
770:party
623:party
598:Death
528:state
524:Hesse
405:.
265:women
205:Halle
189:Halle
185:Dölau
85:Hesse
51:Halle
47:Dölau
1851:2021
1818:ISBN
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1740:ISSN
1717:2021
1686:2021
1660:2021
1626:2021
1596:2021
1555:2021
1529:2021
1521:Linz
1496:2021
1467:help
1441:ISBN
1411:help
1400:help
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1353:help
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1284:2021
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820:and
729:1914
620:one-
433:1933
383:1945
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