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Helium hydride ion

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4214: 212: 60: 38: 51: 5443: 4196: 5407: 1422:; and this phenomenon could be a significant source of error in that experiment. This observation motivated numerous efforts to precisely compute the expected energy states of that ion in order to reduce the uncertainty of those measurements. Many have improved the computations since then, and now there is quite good agreement between computed and experimental properties; including for the isotopologues 4205: 5431: 5419: 1527:
and outflowing material from young stars. If the speed of the shock is greater than about 90 kilometres per second (56 mi/s), quantities large enough to detect might be formed. If detected, the emissions from HeH would then be useful tracers of the shock.
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The ion was first produced in a laboratory in 1925. It is stable in isolation, but extremely reactive, and cannot be prepared in bulk, because it would react with any other molecule with which it came into contact. Noted as the strongest known
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It is believed to be the first compound to have formed in the universe, and is of fundamental importance in understanding the chemistry of the early universe. This is because hydrogen and helium were almost the only types of atoms formed in
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Güsten, Rolf; Wiesemeyer, Helmut; Neufeld, David; Menten, Karl M.; Graf, Urs U.; Jacobs, Karl; Klein, Bernd; Ricken, Oliver; Risacher, Christophe; Stutzki, Jürgen (April 2019). "Astrophysical detection of the helium hydride ion HeH".
1294:(twice-deuterated trihydrogen ion) in order to obtain an accurate measurement of the atomic mass of deuterium relative to that of helium. Both ions have 3 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons. He also compared 1927:
Dey, Bijoy Kr.; Deb, B. M. (April 1999). "Direct ab initio calculation of ground-state electronic energies and densities for atoms and molecules through a time-dependent single hydrodynamical equation".
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Coyne, John P.; Ball, David W. (2009). "Alpha particle chemistry. On the formation of stable complexes between He and other simple species: implications for atmospheric and interstellar chemistry".
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In 1956, M. Cantwell predicted theoretically that the spectrum of vibrations of that ion should be observable in the infrared; and the spectra of the deuterium and common hydrogen isotopologues (
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was made by D. Tolliver and others in 1979, at wavenumbers between 1,700 and 1,900 cm. In 1982, P. Bernath and T. Amano detected nine infrared lines between 2,164 and 3,158 waves per cm.
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Liu, X.-W.; Barlow, M. J.; Dalgarno, A.; Tennyson, J.; Lim, T.; Swinyard, B. M.; Cernicharo, J.; Cox, P.; Baluteau, J.-P.; Pequignot, D.; Nguyen, Q. R.; Emery, R. J.; Clegg, P. E. (1997).
1516:. HeH is also thought to be an important constituent of the atmospheres of helium-rich white dwarfs, where it increases the opacity of the gas and causes the star to cool more slowly. 463:. The electron density in the ion is higher around the helium nucleus than the hydrogen. 80% of the electron charge is closer to the helium nucleus than to the hydrogen nucleus. 880:. The decay of tritium to He followed by its extraction of a hydrogen atom from the compound yields HeH which is then surrounded by the organic material and will in turn react. 1406:, by analyzing the energy spectrum of the β decay of tritium. The claim was disputed, and several other groups set out to check it by studying the decay of molecular tritium 1399: 5227: 5147: 4963: 4898: 4838: 4766: 4672: 4566: 4436: 3987: 406: 3971: 2480:
Lias, S. G.; Liebman, J. F.; Levin, R. D. (1984). "Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules; Heats of Formation of Protonated Molecules".
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and E. G. Lunn. They were injecting protons of known energy into a rarefied mixture of hydrogen and helium, in order to study the formation of hydrogen ions like
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Carrington, Alan; Gammie, David I.; Shaw, Andrew M.; Taylor, Susie M.; Hutson, Jeremy M. (1996). "Observation of a microwave spectrum of the long-range He⋯
1508:. Stars formed from the primordial material should contain HeH, which could influence their formation and subsequent evolution. In particular, its strong 3964: 2814:
Tolliver, David E.; Kyrala, George A.; Wing, William H. (1979-12-03). "Observation of the Infrared Spectrum of the Helium-Hydride Molecular Ion ".
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Since HeH reacts with every substance, it cannot be stored in any container. As a result, its chemistry must be studied by creating it
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Snell, Arthur H.; Pleasonton, Frances; Leming, H. E. (1957). "Molecular dissociation following radioactive decay: Tritium hydride".
1259:, and its concentration increased with pressure much more than that of the other two ions. From these data, they concluded that the 226: 1418:. It was known that some of the energy released by that decay would be diverted to the excitation of the decay products, including 3683: 5473: 5375: 2058:
Tung, Wei-Cheng; Pavanello, Michele; Adamowicz, Ludwik (2012-10-28). "Accurate potential energy curves for HeH isotopologues".
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Hogness, T. R.; Lunn, E. G. (1925). "The Ionization of Hydrogen by Electron Impact as Interpreted by Positive Ray Analysis".
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HeH could be formed in the cooling gas behind dissociative shocks in dense interstellar clouds, such as the shocks caused by
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Neufeld, David A.; Dalgarno, A. (1989). "Fast molecular shocks. I – Reformation of molecules behind a dissociative shock".
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Harris, G. J.; Lynas-Gray, A. E.; Miller, S.; Tennyson, J. (2004). "The Role of HeH in Cool Helium-rich White Dwarfs".
8280: 4531: 2599: 1356: 190: 5466: 2344: 459:, which makes its spectroscopic characterization easier. The calculated dipole moment of HeH is 2.26 or 2.84  8275: 7498: 5290: 5285: 5098: 4466: 3523: 3511: 3503: 3468: 3074: 3034: 2979: 892: 1159:, has been observed using microwave spectroscopy. It has a calculated binding energy of 25.1 kJ/mol, while 5330: 4756: 4526: 4486: 1885:"Dipole Moment Calculation to Small Diatomic Molecules: Implementation on a Two-Electron Self-Consistent-Field 1505: 876:
Reactions with organic substances can be studied by substituting hydrogen in the desired organic compound with
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The masses in each row above are not equal, though, because the binding energies in the nuclei are different.
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Pauzat, F.; Ellinger, Y. (2005). "Where do noble gases hide in space?". In Markwick-Kemper, A. J. (ed.).
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They all have three protons and two electrons. The first three are generated by radioactive decay of
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Spectroscopic detection is hampered, because one of its most prominent spectral lines, at 149.14 
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Lubimov, V.A.; Novikov, E.G.; Nozik, V.Z.; Tretyakov, E.F.; Kosik, V.S. (1980). "An estimate of the ν
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Roberge, W.; Delgarno, A. (1982). "The formation and destruction of HeH in astrophysical plasmas".
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Grandinetti, Felice (October 2004). "Helium chemistry: a survey of the role of the ionic species".
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Several locations had been suggested as possible places HeH might be detected. These included cool
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had been conjectured since the 1970s, and it was finally detected in April 2019 using the airborne
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laboratory in Moscow claimed to have detected a mildly significant rest mass (30 ± 16) eV for the
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Other helium hydride ions are known or have been studied theoretically. Helium dihydride ion, or
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Schwartz, H. M. (1955). "Excitation of Molecules in the Beta Decay of a Constituent Atom".
1495:. Although excited by the recoil from the beta decay, the molecule remains bound together. 7790: 7670: 7514: 7472: 7448: 7434: 7420: 6086: 5737: 5612: 5527: 5507: 5043: 5018: 4717: 4556: 4496: 4476: 4396: 4280: 4180: 4165: 4150: 4057: 4047: 3743: 3706: 3412: 3218: 3170: 2358:
Ketterle, W.; Figger, H.; Walther, H. (1985). "Emission spectra of bound helium hydride".
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Pachucki, Krzysztof; Komasa, Jacek (2012). "Rovibrational levels of helium hydride ion".
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Coxon, J.; Hajigeorgiou, P. G. (1999). "Experimental Born–Oppenheimer Potential for the X
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Beach, J. Y. (1936). "Quantum-Mechanical Treatment of Helium Hydride Molecule-Ion HeH".
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ions were transferring a proton to molecules that they collided with, including helium.
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HeH is not stable in the ground state. However, it does exist in an excited state as an
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Toh, Sôroku (1940). "Quantum-Mechanical Treatment of Helium-Hydride Molecule Ion HeH".
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that is mixed with the desired reagents. Much of what we know about the chemistry of
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Bernath, P.; Amano, T. (1982). "Detection of the Infrared Fundamental Band of HeH".
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Engel, Elodie A.; Doss, Natasha; Harris, Gregory J.; Tennyson, Jonathan (2005).
1536: 1532: 1513: 916:, molecule or atom that it came in contact with. It has been shown to protonate 909: 509: 5458: 2433: 7483: 7144: 7066: 6940: 6168: 5773: 5275: 5217: 5180: 5155: 5053: 4863: 4726: 3671: 2962: 2937: 2857:
Fernández, J.; Martín, F. (2007). "Photoionization of the HeH molecular ion".
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The following isotopologues of the helium hydride ion, of the dihydrogen ion
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Additional helium atoms can attach to HeH to form larger clusters such as He
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Bainbridge, Kenneth T. (1933). "Comparison of the Masses of H and Helium".
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The first attempt to compute the structure of the HeH ion (specifically,
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removed. It can also be viewed as protonated helium. It is the lightest
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Speranza, Maurizio (1993). "Tritium for generation of carbocations".
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Cacace, Fulvio (1990). "Nuclear Decay Techniques in Ion Chemistry".
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H. Schwartz observed in 1955 that the decay of the tritium molecule
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
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Evett, Arthur A. (1956). "Ground State of the Helium-Hydride Ion".
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Cantwell, Murray (1956). "Molecular Excitation in Beta Decay".
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react but break up due to the large amount of energy produced.
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HeH has long been conjectured since the 1970s to exist in the
849:(HeH*), and its spectrum was first observed in the mid-1980s. 470:, coincides with a doublet of spectral lines belonging to the 354: 347: 2778:
mass from the β-spectrum of tritium in the valine molecule".
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Gaseous Carbonium Ions from the Decay of Tritiated Molecules
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ion, and is believed to be the first compound formed in the
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Mannone, F., ed. (1993). "Tritium Materials Interactions".
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ions. In a variant of that technique, exotic species like
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Unlike the helium hydride ion, the neutral helium hydride
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Möller, Thomas; Beland, Michael; Zimmerer, Georg (1985).
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Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan
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Astrochemistry: Recent Successes and Current Challenges
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The helium hydride ion is formed during the decay of
2571:. Poster Book IAU Symposium No. 231. Vol. 231. 2345:"Wolfgang Ketterle: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001" 1375:
are produced by reacting organic compounds with the
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American Physical Society (APS): 1719–1722. 2942:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2299:"Observation of Fluorescence of the HeH Molecule" 1619:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500:The helium hydride ion has six relatively stable 1680:Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) 1591:Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) 1133:It is a linear ion with hydrogen in the centre. 2482:Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 1762:"Scientists Find the Universe's First Molecule" 852:The neutral molecule is the first entry in the 5474: 3972: 3121: 8: 1670: 1668: 2249: 2247: 2211: 2209: 2173: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2045: 2008: 2006: 2004: 2002: 1836:Σ Ground State of HeH: Comparison with the 1608: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1192:, was first detected indirectly in 1925 by 7347: 7324: 7288: 7250: 7111: 7034: 6953: 6930: 6907: 6870: 6817: 6679: 6626: 6488: 6434: 6411: 6374: 6301: 6267: 6238: 6100: 6058: 6006: 5942: 5907: 5872: 5837: 5802: 5652: 5586: 5546: 5481: 5467: 5459: 4000: 3979: 3965: 3957: 3846: 3748: 3417: 3128: 3114: 3106: 2931: 2929: 2414:International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2146:Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1693: 1691: 1689: 1394:Implications for neutrino mass experiments 1310:ion), both with 3 protons and 3 neutrons. 210: 165: 29: 2992: 2961: 1712: 1648: 1630: 455:, the helium hydride ion has a permanent 3263: 3259: 1491:in the molecule HT or tritium molecule T 1382: 1340: 1333: 1301: 1289: 820: 812: 794: 782: 760: 752: 726: 714: 666: 659: 652: 1578: 1344:should generate the helium hydride ion 700:have the same total atomic mass number 256: 231: 206: 1398:In 1980, V. Lubimov (Lyubimov) at the 1016:respectively. Other molecules such as 2902:Safety in Tritium Handling Technology 1466:. Its first detection, in the nebula 1243:appeared at the same beam energy (16 238:Key: HSFAAVLNFOAYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 144: 137: 7: 1682:. European Bioinformatics Institute. 1593:. European Bioinformatics Institute. 1512:makes it relevant to the opacity of 1059:In fact, HeH is the strongest known 1363:for preparing and studying organic 1184:Discovery in ionization experiments 8286:Substances discovered in the 1920s 5351:Nexus for Exoplanet System Science 1760:Andrews, Bill (22 December 2019). 1438:Spectral predictions and detection 1326:Tritium decay methods in chemistry 1282:to compare the masses of the ions 25: 5251:Atomic and molecular astrophysics 3988:Molecules detected in outer space 1842:Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 1587:"hydridohelium(1+) (CHEBI:33688)" 1379:that is produced by the decay of 860:Chemical properties and reactions 5441: 5429: 5417: 5406: 5405: 4212: 4203: 4194: 1650:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08611.x 1188:Hydridohelium(1+), specifically 1102:H, is formed by the reaction of 36: 5376:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 2256:The Journal of Chemical Physics 2060:The Journal of Chemical Physics 1930:The Journal of Chemical Physics 1098:The dihelium hydride cation, He 319:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa). 2066:(16). AIP Publishing: 164305. 1136:The hexahelium hydride ion, He 1: 5301:Extraterrestrial liquid water 2457:10.1016/S0065-3160(08)60321-4 1965:Journal of Molecular Modeling 1676:"Hydridohelium (CHEBI:33689)" 1390:came through this technique. 670:in the presence of helium-4. 5490:Binary compounds of hydrogen 2800:10.1016/0370-2693(80)90873-4 2718:10.1126/science.250.4979.392 2549:10.1016/0009-2614(96)00860-3 2158:10.1016/0022-1902(57)80051-7 1298:(helium deuteride ion) with 904:HeH cannot be prepared in a 4532:Protonated hydrogen cyanide 2910:10.1007/978-94-011-1910-8_4 2879:10.1088/0953-4075/40/12/020 2836:10.1103/physrevlett.43.1719 2663:Journal of Chemical Physics 2648:10.11429/ppmsj1919.22.2_119 2600:Journal of Chemical Physics 2380:10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.2941 2323:10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.2145 2111:Journal of Chemical Physics 1357:Sapienza University of Rome 1140:H, is particularly stable. 417:The helium hydrogen ion is 297:5.01054 g·mol 45: 8302: 2434:10.1016/j.ijms.2004.07.012 1902:(1): 77–79. Archived from 1071:Other helium-hydrogen ions 516:) and the total number of 7499:Transition metal hydrides 6061: 5400: 5291:Earliest known life forms 5286:Diffuse interstellar band 4757:Protonated cyanoacetylene 4527:Protonated carbon dioxide 4487:Hydromagnesium isocyanide 4192: 3945: 3632:Organoxenon(IV) compounds 3568:Organoxenon(II) compounds 3075:The Astrophysical Journal 3035:The Astrophysical Journal 2980:The Astrophysical Journal 2238:10.1103/PhysRevLett.48.20 1977:10.1007/s00894-008-0371-3 1731:10.1038/s41586-019-1090-x 1314:Early theoretical studies 1286:(helium hydride ion) and 1106:with molecular hydrogen: 484:in the ion is 0.772  313: 264: 247: 222: 99: 89: 77: 72: 44: 35: 5336:Iron–sulfur world theory 5331:Photodissociation region 5034:Methyl-cyano-diacetylene 2529:Chemical Physics Letters 2035:10.1103/PhysRev.101.1747 1506:Big Bang nucleosynthesis 5411:Category:Astrochemistry 5001:, fullerene, buckyball) 4688:Cyanobutadiynyl radical 4663:Silicon-carbide cluster 4653:Protonated formaldehyde 3403:Organokrypton compounds 2963:10.1093/mnras/290.4.l71 2816:Physical Review Letters 2447:Cacace, Fulvio (1970). 2360:Physical Review Letters 2303:Physical Review Letters 2218:Physical Review Letters 1348:with high probability. 633:= 4; radioactive)  579:= 3; radioactive)  401:—its occurrence in the 8232:Exotic matter hydrides 5424:Outer space portal 5266:Circumstellar envelope 4231:Aluminium(I) hydroxide 4141:Phosphorus mononitride 4018:Aluminium monofluoride 4013:Aluminium monochloride 1896:Rev da Univ de Alfenas 1862:10.1006/jmsp.1998.7740 1514:zero-metallicity stars 1067:of 177.8 kJ/mol. 641:in the molecules HT = 361:HeH. It consists of a 63: 54: 5321:Interplanetary medium 5296:Extraterrestrial life 4934:Octatetraynyl radical 4552:Tricarbon monosulfide 4099:Magnesium monohydride 3948:Hypothetical compound 3843:compounds (predicted) 3292:Organoargon compounds 2200:10.1103/PhysRev.44.57 1819:10.1103/PhysRev.26.44 1483:From decay of tritium 1231:. They observed that 524:) in the two nuclei: 504:, that differ in the 340:hydridohelium(1+) ion 149: neutral excimer 79:Systematic IUPAC name 62: 53: 5448:Chemistry portal 5436:Astronomy portal 5382:RNA world hypothesis 5366:PAH world hypothesis 5059:Heptatrienyl radical 4991:Buckminsterfullerene 4879:Methylcyanoacetylene 4387:Silicon carbonitride 4362:Methylidynephosphane 4328:Magnesium isocyanide 4236:Aluminium isocyanide 4038:Carbon monophosphide 2859:Journal of Physics B 1883:Dias, A. M. (1999). 1161:trihydridohelium(1+) 893:hydrogen abstraction 399:fluoroantimonic acid 397:—stronger than even 235:InChI=1S/HHe/h1H/q+1 7844:Lanthanide hydrides 7451:(Group 17 hydrides) 7030:(Group 16 hydrides) 6484:(Group 15) hydrides 5326:Interstellar medium 5306:Forbidden mechanism 5119:Hydrogen isocyanide 4809:Hexatriynyl radical 4392:c-Silicon dicarbide 4297:Hydrogen isocyanide 4161:Silicon monosulfide 4136:Phosphorus monoxide 4104:Methylidyne radical 4063:Fluoromethylidynium 4023:Aluminium(II) oxide 3137:Noble gas compounds 3088:1982ApJ...255..489R 3048:1989ApJ...340..869N 3003:2004ApJ...617L.143H 2954:1997MNRAS.290L..71L 2871:2007JPhB...40.2471F 2828:1979PhRvL..43.1719T 2792:1980PhLB...94..266L 2761:10.1021/cr00024a010 2710:1990Sci...250..392C 2675:1956JChPh..24..150E 2613:1936JChPh...4..353B 2577:2005IAUS..231.....L 2541:1996CPL...260..395C 2494:1984JPCRD..13..695L 2426:2004IJMSp.237..243G 2372:1985PhRvL..55.2941K 2315:1985PhRvL..55.2145M 2268:2012JChPh.137t4314P 2230:1982PhRvL..48...20B 2192:1933PhRv...44...57B 2123:1955JChPh..23R.400S 2072:2012JChPh.137p4305T 2027:1956PhRv..101.1747C 1942:1999JChPh.110.6229D 1854:1999JMoSp.193..306C 1811:1925PhRv...26...44H 1723:2019Natur.568..357G 1641:2005MNRAS.357..471E 1499:Interstellar medium 1464:interstellar medium 1145:dihydridohelium(1+) 891:He + HR → HeH + R ( 472:methylidyne radical 413:Physical properties 403:interstellar medium 32: 31:Helium hydride ion 8281:Hydrogen compounds 5500:(Group 1) hydrides 5346:Molecules in stars 5316:Intergalactic dust 5261:Circumstellar dust 5203:Naphthalene cation 5138:Trihydrogen cation 5114:Hydrogen deuteride 5039:Methyltriacetylene 4874:Hexapentaenylidene 4693:E-Cyanomethanimine 4613:Cyclopropenylidene 4547:Tricarbon monoxide 4537:Silicon tricarbide 4507:Methylene amidogen 4497:Isothiocyanic acid 4412:Thioxoethenylidene 4372:Trihydrogen cation 4186:Titanium(II) oxide 4146:Potassium chloride 4125:Sulfur mononitride 4068:Helium hydride ion 4043:Carbon monosulfide 1562:Trihydrogen cation 1478:Natural occurrence 1458:Interstellar space 480:The length of the 352:positively charged 336:helium hydride ion 323:Infobox references 64: 55: 30: 8248: 8247: 8073:Actinide hydrides 7449:Hydrogen halides 7411: 7376: 7375: 7346: 7345: 7323: 7322: 7287: 7286: 7249: 7248: 7110: 7109: 7016: 6982: 6981: 6952: 6951: 6929: 6928: 6906: 6905: 6869: 6868: 6816: 6815: 6678: 6677: 6625: 6624: 6476: 6475: 6433: 6432: 6410: 6409: 6373: 6372: 6300: 6299: 6266: 6265: 6237: 6236: 6099: 6098: 6057: 6056: 6002:Group 14 hydrides 5996: 5995: 5941: 5940: 5906: 5905: 5871: 5870: 5836: 5835: 5801: 5800: 5640: 5639: 5585: 5584: 5456: 5455: 5371:Pseudo-panspermia 5067: 5066: 5014:Cyanodecapentayne 4954:N-Methylformamide 4929:Methyldiacetylene 4854:Aminoacetonitrile 4824:Methyl isocyanate 4742:Methyl isocyanide 4623:Isocyanoacetylene 4603:Cyanoformaldehyde 4482:Hydrogen peroxide 4367:Potassium cyanide 4323:Magnesium cyanide 4276:Disilicon carbide 4271:Dicarbon monoxide 4078:Hydrogen fluoride 4073:Hydrogen chloride 3954: 3953: 3941: 3940: 3835: 3834: 3738: 3737: 3302:Krypton compounds 2919:978-94-011-1910-8 2865:(12): 2471–2480. 2780:Physics Letters B 2704:(4979): 392–399. 2683:10.1063/1.1700818 2621:10.1063/1.1749857 2366:(27): 2941–2944. 2347:. nobelprize.org. 2309:(20): 2145–2148. 2276:10.1063/1.4768169 2131:10.1063/1.1741982 2080:10.1063/1.4759077 1936:(13): 6229–6239. 1707:(7752): 357–359. 1557:Dihydrogen cation 1541:planetary nebulae 1537:H II regions 1280:mass spectrometry 331:Chemical compound 329: 328: 191:CompTox Dashboard 119:Interactive image 83:Hydridohelium(1+) 68: 67: 27:Chemical compound 16:(Redirected from 8293: 8276:Helium compounds 7409: 7348: 7325: 7289: 7251: 7112: 7035: 7014: 6954: 6931: 6908: 6871: 6818: 6680: 6627: 6489: 6435: 6412: 6375: 6302: 6268: 6239: 6101: 6059: 6007: 5943: 5908: 5873: 5838: 5803: 5653: 5587: 5547: 5483: 5476: 5469: 5460: 5446: 5445: 5444: 5434: 5433: 5432: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5409: 5408: 5356:Organic compound 5256:Chemical formula 5161:Dihydroxyacetone 5109:Hydrogen cyanide 4794:Cyanodiacetylene 4648:Propadienylidene 4542:Thioformaldehyde 4417:Titanium dioxide 4382:Sodium hydroxide 4303:Hydrogen sulfide 4291:Hydrogen cyanide 4251:Carbonyl sulfide 4216: 4207: 4198: 4156:Silicon monoxide 4089:Hydroxyl radical 4001: 3981: 3974: 3967: 3958: 3847: 3827: 3826: 3825: 3749: 3418: 3343: 3342: 3341: 3328: 3327: 3326: 3266: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3145:Helium compounds 3130: 3123: 3116: 3107: 3100: 3099: 3069: 3060: 3059: 3029: 3023: 3022: 2996: 2994:astro-ph/0411331 2987:(2): L143–L146. 2974: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2933: 2924: 2923: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2811: 2805: 2803: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2755:(8): 2933–2980. 2749:Chemical Reviews 2744: 2738: 2737: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2631: 2625: 2624: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2585: 2579:. Archived from 2570: 2559: 2553: 2552: 2535:(3–4): 395–405. 2526: 2525: 2524: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2502:10.1063/1.555719 2477: 2471: 2470: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2420:(2–3): 243–267. 2409: 2392: 2391: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2294: 2288: 2287: 2251: 2242: 2241: 2213: 2204: 2203: 2175: 2162: 2161: 2141: 2135: 2134: 2106: 2100: 2099: 2055: 2040: 2038: 2021:(6): 1747–1756. 2010: 1997: 1996: 1960: 1954: 1953: 1950:10.1063/1.478527 1924: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1914: 1908: 1893: 1880: 1874: 1873: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1792: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1757: 1751: 1750: 1716: 1695: 1684: 1683: 1672: 1663: 1662: 1652: 1634: 1632:astro-ph/0411267 1610: 1595: 1594: 1583: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1416: 1415: 1389: 1385: 1378: 1347: 1343: 1336: 1321: 1305: 1297: 1293: 1285: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1258: 1257: 1256: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1206: 1205: 1204: 1191: 1174: 1173: 1172: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1120: 1119: 1118: 1030:hydrogen sulfide 1022:nitrogen dioxide 1014: 1013: 1012: 992: 991: 990: 978: 977: 976: 964: 963: 962: 837:Neutral molecule 824: 816: 808: 798: 790: 786: 778: 774: 764: 756: 748: 744: 740: 730: 722: 718: 710: 699: 698: 697: 694: 684: 683: 682: 679: 669: 662: 655: 648: 644: 624: 620: 606: 602: 588: 584: 570: 566: 552: 548: 534: 530: 454: 453: 452: 436: 435: 434: 359:chemical formula 286: 285: 284: 272:Chemical formula 215: 214: 199: 197: 179:Gmelin Reference 169: 148: 141: 121: 46: 40: 33: 21: 8301: 8300: 8296: 8295: 8294: 8292: 8291: 8290: 8251: 8250: 8249: 8244: 8226: 8222: 8214: 8206: 8198: 8190: 8182: 8174: 8166: 8158: 8150: 8142: 8134: 8126: 8118: 8111: 8107: 8100: 8092: 8084: 8067: 8063: 8055: 8047: 8039: 8031: 8023: 8015: 8007: 7999: 7991: 7983: 7975: 7967: 7959: 7951: 7943: 7935: 7927: 7919: 7911: 7903: 7895: 7887: 7879: 7871: 7863: 7855: 7838: 7828: 7819: 7811: 7807: 7794: 7786: 7755: 7741: 7726: 7711: 7703: 7695: 7687: 7679: 7666: 7658: 7645: 7632: 7619: 7606: 7598: 7590: 7582: 7574: 7566: 7558: 7550: 7542: 7534: 7526: 7518: 7510: 7493: 7450: 7443: 7438: 7429: 7406: 7397: 7389: 7372: 7362: 7342: 7338: 7319: 7315: 7311: 7302: 7283: 7279: 7275: 7266: 7245: 7236: 7232: 7224: 7220: 7212: 7208: 7200: 7196: 7188: 7184: 7176: 7172: 7164: 7160: 7152: 7148: 7140: 7136: 7127: 7106: 7098: 7094: 7086: 7082: 7074: 7070: 7062: 7058: 7049: 7029: 7027: 7020: 7012: 7003: 6990: 6978: 6968: 6948: 6944: 6925: 6921: 6902: 6898: 6894: 6886: 6865: 6861: 6857: 6849: 6845: 6837: 6833: 6812: 6803: 6799: 6791: 6787: 6779: 6775: 6767: 6763: 6755: 6751: 6743: 6739: 6731: 6727: 6719: 6715: 6707: 6703: 6695: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6658: 6654: 6646: 6642: 6621: 6612: 6608: 6600: 6596: 6588: 6584: 6576: 6572: 6564: 6560: 6552: 6548: 6540: 6536: 6528: 6524: 6516: 6512: 6504: 6483: 6472: 6468: 6460: 6429: 6425: 6406: 6402: 6398: 6390: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6353: 6349: 6341: 6337: 6329: 6325: 6317: 6296: 6287: 6283: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6233: 6224: 6220: 6212: 6208: 6200: 6196: 6188: 6184: 6176: 6172: 6164: 6160: 6152: 6148: 6140: 6136: 6128: 6124: 6116: 6095: 6090: 6082: 6074: 6053: 5992: 5988: 5980: 5976: 5968: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5921: 5902: 5898: 5894: 5886: 5867: 5863: 5859: 5851: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5816: 5797: 5793: 5789: 5781: 5777: 5769: 5765: 5757: 5753: 5745: 5741: 5733: 5729: 5721: 5717: 5709: 5705: 5697: 5693: 5685: 5681: 5668: 5647: 5636: 5632: 5624: 5616: 5608: 5600: 5581: 5541: 5539: 5532: 5499: 5492: 5487: 5457: 5452: 5442: 5440: 5430: 5428: 5418: 5416: 5396: 5222: 5198: 5189: 5142: 5132: 5075: 5063: 5044:Propionaldehyde 5019:Ethylene glycol 5008: 5000: 4996: 4967: 4965: 4958: 4914:Cyanohexatriyne 4900: 4893: 4840: 4833: 4768: 4761: 4721: 4674: 4667: 4638:Methoxy radical 4568: 4561: 4557:Thiocyanic acid 4438: 4431: 4341: 4281:Ethynyl radical 4217: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4190: 4181:Sulfur monoxide 4166:Sodium chloride 4151:Silicon carbide 4058:Diatomic carbon 4048:Carbon monoxide 3990: 3985: 3955: 3950: 3937: 3934: 3920: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3891: 3885: 3879: 3865: 3859: 3831: 3824: 3821: 3820: 3819: 3817: 3812: 3797: 3793: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3762: 3744:Radon compounds 3734: 3730: 3722: 3718: 3710: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3679: 3675: 3667: 3659: 3651: 3636: 3627: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3603: 3595: 3587: 3572: 3563: 3559: 3551: 3543: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3519: 3515: 3507: 3499: 3484: 3480: 3472: 3452: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3413:Xenon compounds 3407: 3393: 3385: 3381: 3372: 3359: 3351: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3335: 3333: 3325: 3322: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3313: 3296: 3287: 3274: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3249: 3246: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3219:Argon compounds 3213: 3195: 3191: 3183: 3174: 3161: 3139: 3134: 3104: 3103: 3071: 3070: 3063: 3031: 3030: 3026: 2976: 2975: 2971: 2935: 2934: 2927: 2920: 2899: 2898: 2894: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2813: 2812: 2808: 2777: 2773: 2772: 2768: 2746: 2745: 2741: 2695: 2694: 2690: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2633: 2632: 2628: 2596: 2595: 2591: 2583: 2568: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2523: 2520: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2513: 2509: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2467: 2446: 2445: 2441: 2411: 2410: 2395: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2296: 2295: 2291: 2253: 2252: 2245: 2215: 2214: 2207: 2180:Physical Review 2177: 2176: 2165: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2108: 2107: 2103: 2057: 2056: 2043: 2015:Physical Review 2012: 2011: 2000: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1891: 1882: 1881: 1877: 1835: 1831: 1830: 1826: 1798:Physical Review 1794: 1793: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1697: 1696: 1687: 1674: 1673: 1666: 1612: 1611: 1598: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1553: 1501: 1494: 1485: 1480: 1474:in April 2019. 1460: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1411: 1410: 1409: 1407: 1396: 1387: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1361:decay technique 1345: 1342: 1338: 1335: 1331: 1328: 1319: 1316: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1267: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1260: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1234: 1232: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1220: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1210: 1208: 1203: 1201: 1200: 1199: 1197: 1189: 1186: 1181: 1171: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1164: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1139: 1128: 1124: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1112: 1110: 1104:dihelium cation 1101: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1065:proton affinity 1011: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1004: 999: 989: 986: 985: 984: 982: 975: 972: 971: 970: 968: 961: 958: 957: 956: 954: 950: 942: 935: 928: 921: 910:donate a proton 906:condensed phase 902: 867: 862: 854:Gmelin database 839: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 695: 692: 691: 689: 687:trihydrogen ion 680: 677: 676: 674: 668: 664: 661: 657: 654: 650: 646: 642: 622: 618: 604: 600: 586: 582: 568: 564: 550: 546: 532: 528: 498: 451: 448: 447: 446: 444: 433: 430: 429: 428: 426: 421:with molecular 415: 407:SOFIA telescope 373:atom, with one 332: 325: 320: 283: 281: 280: 279: 277: 274: 260: 255: 254: 243: 240: 239: 236: 230: 229: 218: 208:DTXSID801018818 200: 193: 181: 172: 152: 124: 111: 95: 93: 85: 84: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8299: 8297: 8289: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8253: 8252: 8246: 8245: 8243: 8242: 8236: 8234: 8228: 8227: 8225: 8224: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8200: 8196: 8192: 8188: 8184: 8180: 8176: 8172: 8168: 8164: 8160: 8156: 8152: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8124: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8109: 8105: 8102: 8098: 8094: 8090: 8086: 8082: 8077: 8075: 8069: 8068: 8066: 8065: 8061: 8057: 8053: 8049: 8045: 8041: 8037: 8033: 8029: 8025: 8021: 8017: 8013: 8009: 8005: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7989: 7985: 7981: 7977: 7973: 7969: 7965: 7961: 7957: 7953: 7949: 7945: 7941: 7937: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7917: 7913: 7909: 7905: 7901: 7897: 7893: 7889: 7885: 7881: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7865: 7861: 7857: 7853: 7848: 7846: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7836: 7826: 7821: 7817: 7813: 7809: 7805: 7801: 7796: 7792: 7788: 7784: 7780: 7768: 7763: 7753: 7748: 7737: 7733: 7722: 7718: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7701: 7697: 7693: 7689: 7685: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7647: 7643: 7639: 7634: 7630: 7626: 7621: 7617: 7613: 7608: 7604: 7600: 7596: 7592: 7588: 7584: 7580: 7576: 7572: 7568: 7564: 7560: 7556: 7552: 7548: 7544: 7540: 7536: 7532: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7503: 7501: 7495: 7494: 7492: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7453: 7445: 7444: 7442: 7441: 7436: 7432: 7427: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7404: 7399: 7395: 7391: 7387: 7383: 7377: 7374: 7373: 7371: 7370: 7360: 7354: 7352: 7344: 7343: 7341: 7340: 7336: 7331: 7329: 7321: 7320: 7318: 7317: 7313: 7309: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7293: 7285: 7284: 7282: 7281: 7277: 7273: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7257: 7247: 7246: 7244: 7243: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7174: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7118: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7100: 7096: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7047: 7043: 7041: 7032: 7028:chalcogenides 7022: 7021: 7019: 7018: 7010: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6992: 6988: 6983: 6980: 6979: 6977: 6976: 6966: 6960: 6958: 6950: 6949: 6947: 6946: 6942: 6937: 6935: 6927: 6926: 6924: 6923: 6919: 6914: 6912: 6904: 6903: 6901: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6879: 6877: 6867: 6866: 6864: 6863: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6847: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6831: 6826: 6824: 6814: 6813: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6741: 6737: 6733: 6729: 6725: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6705: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6688: 6686: 6676: 6675: 6673: 6672: 6668: 6664: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6640: 6635: 6633: 6623: 6622: 6620: 6619: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6578: 6574: 6570: 6566: 6562: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6497: 6495: 6486: 6478: 6477: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6448: 6446: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6418: 6416: 6408: 6407: 6405: 6404: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6383: 6381: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6331: 6327: 6323: 6319: 6315: 6310: 6308: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6294: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6276: 6274: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6247: 6245: 6235: 6234: 6232: 6231: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6178: 6174: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6114: 6109: 6107: 6097: 6096: 6094: 6093: 6088: 6084: 6080: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6062: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6015: 6013: 6004: 5998: 5997: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5990: 5986: 5982: 5978: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5956: 5954: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5935: 5931: 5927: 5923: 5919: 5914: 5912: 5904: 5903: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5879: 5877: 5869: 5868: 5866: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5844: 5842: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5809: 5807: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5795: 5791: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5743: 5739: 5735: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5691: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5670: 5666: 5661: 5659: 5650: 5642: 5641: 5638: 5637: 5635: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5593: 5591: 5583: 5582: 5580: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5553: 5551: 5544: 5542:earth hydrides 5534: 5533: 5531: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5504: 5502: 5494: 5493: 5488: 5486: 5485: 5478: 5471: 5463: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5450: 5438: 5426: 5414: 5401: 5398: 5397: 5395: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5281:Cosmochemistry 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5246:Astrochemistry 5243: 5238: 5232: 5230: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5196: 5192: 5187: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5152: 5150: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5099:Formyl radical 5096: 5091: 5085: 5079: 5077: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5029:Methyl acetate 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4972: 4970: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4919:Dimethyl ether 4916: 4911: 4905: 4903: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4891: 4886: 4884:Methyl formate 4881: 4876: 4871: 4869:Glycolaldehyde 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4845: 4843: 4835: 4834: 4832: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4804:Glycolonitrile 4801: 4799:Ethylene oxide 4796: 4791: 4790: 4789: 4779: 4773: 4771: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4698:Cyclopropenone 4695: 4690: 4685: 4679: 4677: 4669: 4668: 4666: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4598:Cyanoacetylene 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4573: 4571: 4563: 4562: 4560: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4517:Methyl radical 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4492:Isocyanic acid 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4457:Isocyanic acid 4454: 4449: 4443: 4441: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4402:Sulfur dioxide 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4377:Sodium cyanide 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4294: 4288: 4286:Formyl radical 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4253: 4248: 4246:Carbon dioxide 4243: 4238: 4233: 4227: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4094:Iron(II) oxide 4091: 4086: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4009: 4007: 3998: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3984: 3983: 3976: 3969: 3961: 3952: 3951: 3946: 3943: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3928: 3926: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3899: 3897: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3889: 3886: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3873: 3871: 3867: 3866: 3864: 3863: 3860: 3857: 3853: 3851: 3844: 3837: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3829: 3822: 3814: 3810: 3805: 3803: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3786: 3784: 3780: 3779: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3755: 3753: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3701: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3644: 3642: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3578: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3492: 3490: 3486: 3485: 3483: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3450: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3424: 3422: 3415: 3409: 3408: 3406: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3370: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3338: 3330: 3323: 3315: 3311: 3306: 3304: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3254: 3247: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3223: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3211: 3205: 3203: 3201:Neon compounds 3197: 3196: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3172: 3168: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3149: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3125: 3118: 3110: 3102: 3101: 3096:10.1086/159849 3061: 3056:10.1086/167441 3024: 3011:10.1086/427391 2969: 2948:(4): L71–L75. 2925: 2918: 2892: 2849: 2806: 2786:(2): 266–268. 2775: 2766: 2739: 2688: 2669:(1): 150–152. 2653: 2642:(2): 119–126. 2638:. 3rd Series. 2626: 2607:(6): 353–357. 2589: 2586:on 2007-02-02. 2554: 2521: 2507: 2472: 2465: 2439: 2393: 2350: 2336: 2289: 2262:(20): 204314. 2243: 2205: 2163: 2152:(2): 112–117. 2136: 2117:(2): 400–401. 2101: 2041: 1998: 1955: 1919: 1875: 1848:(2): 306–318. 1833: 1824: 1780: 1752: 1685: 1664: 1625:(2): 471–477. 1596: 1577: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1552: 1549: 1500: 1497: 1492: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1459: 1456: 1439: 1436: 1412: 1395: 1392: 1359:conceived the 1327: 1324: 1315: 1312: 1265: 1253: 1237: 1225: 1213: 1202: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1169: 1153: 1137: 1131: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1115: 1099: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1069: 1009: 997: 987: 973: 959: 948: 940: 933: 926: 919: 908:, as it would 901: 898: 897: 896: 889: 866: 863: 861: 858: 838: 835: 831: 830: 804: 770: 736: 635: 634: 616: 598: 580: 562: 544: 497: 494: 449: 442:dihydrogen ion 431: 414: 411: 330: 327: 326: 321: 317:standard state 314: 311: 310: 305: 303:Conjugate base 299: 298: 295: 289: 288: 282: 275: 270: 267: 266: 262: 261: 259: 258: 250: 249: 248: 245: 244: 242: 241: 237: 234: 233: 225: 224: 223: 220: 219: 217: 216: 203: 201: 189: 186: 185: 182: 177: 174: 173: 171: 170: 162: 160: 154: 153: 151: 150: 142: 134: 132: 126: 125: 123: 122: 114: 112: 105: 102: 101: 97: 96: 94:Helium hydride 91: 87: 86: 82: 81: 75: 74: 70: 69: 66: 65: 56: 42: 41: 26: 24: 18:Helium hydride 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8298: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8233: 8229: 8223: 8217: 8215: 8209: 8207: 8201: 8199: 8193: 8191: 8185: 8183: 8177: 8175: 8169: 8167: 8161: 8159: 8153: 8151: 8145: 8143: 8137: 8135: 8129: 8127: 8121: 8119: 8113: 8103: 8101: 8095: 8093: 8087: 8085: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8070: 8064: 8058: 8056: 8050: 8048: 8042: 8040: 8034: 8032: 8026: 8024: 8018: 8016: 8010: 8008: 8002: 8000: 7994: 7992: 7986: 7984: 7978: 7976: 7970: 7968: 7962: 7960: 7954: 7952: 7946: 7944: 7938: 7936: 7930: 7928: 7922: 7920: 7914: 7912: 7906: 7904: 7898: 7896: 7890: 7888: 7882: 7880: 7874: 7872: 7866: 7864: 7858: 7856: 7850: 7849: 7847: 7845: 7841: 7834: 7830: 7829: 7822: 7820: 7814: 7812: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7789: 7787: 7781: 7778: 7774: 7773: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7761: 7757: 7756: 7749: 7747: 7745: 7740: 7734: 7732: 7730: 7725: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7706: 7704: 7698: 7696: 7690: 7688: 7682: 7680: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7661: 7659: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7601: 7599: 7593: 7591: 7585: 7583: 7577: 7575: 7569: 7567: 7561: 7559: 7553: 7551: 7545: 7543: 7537: 7535: 7529: 7527: 7521: 7519: 7513: 7511: 7505: 7504: 7502: 7500: 7496: 7490: 7486: 7485: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7452: 7446: 7440: 7433: 7431: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7408: 7400: 7398: 7392: 7390: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7378: 7368: 7364: 7363: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7349: 7339: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7326: 7316: 7306: 7304: 7297: 7296: 7294: 7290: 7280: 7270: 7268: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7256: 7252: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7227: 7225: 7215: 7213: 7203: 7201: 7191: 7189: 7179: 7177: 7167: 7165: 7155: 7153: 7143: 7141: 7131: 7129: 7122: 7121: 7119: 7117: 7113: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7089: 7087: 7077: 7075: 7065: 7063: 7053: 7051: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7023: 7017: 7013: 7006: 7004: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6985: 6984: 6974: 6970: 6969: 6962: 6961: 6959: 6955: 6945: 6939: 6938: 6936: 6932: 6922: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6909: 6899: 6889: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6876: 6872: 6862: 6852: 6850: 6840: 6838: 6828: 6827: 6825: 6823: 6819: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6794: 6792: 6782: 6780: 6770: 6768: 6758: 6756: 6746: 6744: 6734: 6732: 6722: 6720: 6710: 6708: 6698: 6696: 6690: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6681: 6671: 6661: 6659: 6649: 6647: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6632: 6628: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6603: 6601: 6591: 6589: 6579: 6577: 6567: 6565: 6555: 6553: 6543: 6541: 6531: 6529: 6519: 6517: 6507: 6505: 6499: 6498: 6496: 6494: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6479: 6469: 6463: 6461: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6426: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6413: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6376: 6366: 6356: 6354: 6344: 6342: 6332: 6330: 6320: 6318: 6312: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6303: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6273: 6269: 6259: 6249: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6215: 6213: 6203: 6201: 6191: 6189: 6179: 6177: 6167: 6165: 6155: 6153: 6143: 6141: 6131: 6129: 6119: 6117: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6106: 6102: 6092: 6085: 6083: 6077: 6075: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6063: 6060: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6016: 6014: 6012: 6008: 6005: 6003: 5999: 5989: 5983: 5981: 5971: 5969: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5934: 5924: 5922: 5916: 5915: 5913: 5909: 5899: 5889: 5887: 5881: 5880: 5878: 5874: 5864: 5854: 5852: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5839: 5829: 5819: 5817: 5811: 5810: 5808: 5804: 5794: 5784: 5782: 5772: 5770: 5760: 5758: 5748: 5746: 5736: 5734: 5724: 5722: 5712: 5710: 5700: 5698: 5688: 5686: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5663: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5643: 5633: 5627: 5625: 5619: 5617: 5611: 5609: 5603: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5554: 5552: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5535: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5498:Alkali metal 5495: 5491: 5484: 5479: 5477: 5472: 5470: 5465: 5464: 5461: 5449: 5439: 5437: 5427: 5425: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5403: 5402: 5399: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5311:Homochirality 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5166:Methoxyethane 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5153: 5151: 5149: 5145: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5074: 5070: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5049:Butyronitrile 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5024:Ethyl formate 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5003: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4969: 4961: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4949:Propionitrile 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4896: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4829:Vinyl alcohol 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4788: 4787:Vinyl cyanide 4785: 4784: 4783: 4782:Acrylonitrile 4780: 4778: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4764: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4747:Pentynylidyne 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4670: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4643:Methylenimine 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4578: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4522:Propynylidyne 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4512:Methyl cation 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4472:Fulminic acid 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4434: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4347:Nitrous oxide 4345: 4343: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4241:Amino radical 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4228: 4226: 4224: 4220: 4215: 4206: 4197: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4171:Sodium iodide 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4053:Cyano radical 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4033:Carbon cation 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4010: 4008: 4006: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3982: 3977: 3975: 3970: 3968: 3963: 3962: 3959: 3949: 3944: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3913: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3894: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3838: 3828: 3815: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3804: 3800: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3765: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3741: 3731: 3725: 3723: 3713: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3698: 3692: 3682: 3680: 3670: 3668: 3662: 3660: 3654: 3652: 3646: 3645: 3643: 3639: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3622: 3620: 3606: 3604: 3598: 3596: 3590: 3588: 3582: 3581: 3579: 3575: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3554: 3552: 3546: 3544: 3538: 3536: 3522: 3520: 3510: 3508: 3502: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3473: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3455: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3388: 3386: 3376: 3374: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3354: 3352: 3346: 3344: 3331: 3329: 3316: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3269: 3267: 3255: 3253: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3186: 3184: 3178: 3176: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3131: 3126: 3124: 3119: 3117: 3112: 3111: 3108: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3076: 3068: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3036: 3028: 3025: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2981: 2973: 2970: 2964: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2932: 2930: 2926: 2921: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2853: 2850: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2810: 2807: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2770: 2767: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2743: 2740: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2692: 2689: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2657: 2654: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2630: 2627: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2601: 2593: 2590: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2567: 2566: 2558: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2511: 2508: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2476: 2473: 2468: 2466:9780120335084 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2443: 2440: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2354: 2351: 2346: 2340: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2293: 2290: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2250: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2168: 2164: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2140: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2105: 2102: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2009: 2007: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1959: 1956: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1923: 1920: 1909:on 2019-04-19 1905: 1901: 1897: 1890: 1888: 1879: 1876: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1828: 1825: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1756: 1753: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1681: 1677: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1609: 1607: 1605: 1603: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1588: 1582: 1579: 1572: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1529: 1526: 1522: 1521:stellar winds 1517: 1515: 1511: 1510:dipole moment 1507: 1498: 1496: 1490: 1482: 1477: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1468:NGC 7027 1465: 1457: 1455: 1437: 1435: 1405: 1401: 1393: 1391: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1349: 1325: 1323: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1281: 1277: 1276:K. Bainbridge 1272: 1246: 1195: 1194:T. R. Hogness 1183: 1178: 1176: 1162: 1146: 1141: 1134: 1109: 1108: 1107: 1105: 1096: 1070: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1026:nitrous oxide 1023: 1019: 1015: 1001: 993: 979: 965: 951: 944: 936: 929: 922: 915: 911: 907: 899: 894: 890: 887: 884:TR → He + R ( 883: 882: 881: 879: 874: 872: 864: 859: 857: 855: 850: 848: 844: 836: 834: 828: 805: 802: 771: 768: 737: 734: 707: 706: 705: 703: 688: 685:, and of the 671: 640: 632: 628: 617: 614: 610: 599: 596: 592: 581: 578: 574: 563: 560: 556: 545: 542: 538: 527: 526: 525: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 502:isotopologues 496:Isotopologues 495: 493: 491: 487: 483: 482:covalent bond 478: 476: 473: 469: 464: 462: 458: 457:dipole moment 443: 438: 424: 420: 419:isoelectronic 412: 410: 408: 404: 400: 396: 390: 388: 384: 380: 379:heteronuclear 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 324: 318: 312: 309: 306: 304: 301: 300: 296: 294: 291: 290: 276: 273: 269: 268: 263: 257: 253: 246: 232: 228: 221: 213: 209: 205: 204: 202: 192: 188: 187: 183: 180: 176: 175: 168: 164: 163: 161: 159: 156: 155: 147: 143: 140: 136: 135: 133: 131: 128: 127: 120: 116: 115: 113: 109: 104: 103: 98: 88: 80: 76: 71: 61: 57: 52: 48: 47: 43: 39: 34: 19: 7832: 7823: 7776: 7770: 7759: 7750: 7743: 7738: 7728: 7723: 7488: 7482: 7401: 7366: 7357: 7351:Livermoranes 7116:Polysulfanes 7039:Polyoxidanes 7007: 6972: 6963: 6464: 6456: 6451: 6442: 6044:Cycloalkynes 6039:Cycloalkenes 6034:Cycloalkanes 6011:Hydrocarbons 5984: 5972: 5964: 5959: 5950: 5550:Monohydrides 5404: 5387:Spectroscopy 5241:Astrobiology 5094:Formaldehyde 4986:Benzonitrile 4777:Acetaldehyde 4732:Methanethiol 4683:Acetonitrile 4588:Carbodiimide 4467:Formaldehyde 4462:Cyanoethynyl 4313:Iron cyanide 4308:Hydroperoxyl 4109:Nitric oxide 4067: 3152: 3079: 3073: 3039: 3033: 3027: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2945: 2941: 2901: 2895: 2862: 2858: 2852: 2819: 2815: 2809: 2783: 2779: 2769: 2752: 2748: 2742: 2701: 2697: 2691: 2666: 2662: 2656: 2639: 2635: 2629: 2604: 2598: 2592: 2581:the original 2564: 2557: 2532: 2528: 2510: 2485: 2481: 2475: 2448: 2442: 2417: 2413: 2363: 2359: 2353: 2339: 2306: 2302: 2292: 2259: 2255: 2224:(1): 20–22. 2221: 2217: 2183: 2179: 2149: 2145: 2139: 2114: 2110: 2104: 2063: 2059: 2018: 2014: 1971:(1): 35–40. 1968: 1964: 1958: 1933: 1929: 1922: 1911:. Retrieved 1904:the original 1899: 1895: 1886: 1878: 1845: 1841: 1840:Potential". 1837: 1827: 1805:(1): 44–55. 1802: 1796: 1771:. Retrieved 1765: 1755: 1704: 1700: 1679: 1622: 1618: 1590: 1581: 1539:, and dense 1533:helium stars 1530: 1518: 1502: 1486: 1471: 1461: 1441: 1397: 1350: 1329: 1317: 1308:trideuterium 1273: 1187: 1160: 1144: 1142: 1135: 1132: 1097: 1074: 1058: 1054:acetonitrile 1018:nitric oxide 903: 875: 868: 851: 842: 840: 832: 826: 800: 766: 732: 701: 672: 636: 630: 626: 612: 608: 594: 590: 576: 572: 558: 554: 540: 536: 521: 513: 499: 479: 474: 465: 439: 416: 391: 343: 339: 335: 333: 100:Identifiers 90:Other names 6934:Bismuthanes 5361:Outer space 5271:Cosmic dust 5236:Abiogenesis 5148:Unconfirmed 5104:Heavy water 4944:Ethanethiol 4859:Cyanoallene 4849:Acetic acid 4819:Methylamine 4703:Diacetylene 4618:Formic acid 4608:Cyanomethyl 4266:Diazenylium 4256:CCP radical 4132:(molecular) 4116:(molecular) 4085:(molecular) 3082:: 489–496. 3042:: 869–893. 1773:22 December 865:Preparation 510:mass number 440:Unlike the 265:Properties 146:CHEBI:33689 139:CHEBI:33688 8266:Superacids 8255:Categories 6957:Moscovanes 6822:Phosphenes 6684:Phosphanes 6482:Pnictogen 6439:Flerovanes 5590:Dihydrides 5540:(Group 2) 5276:Cosmic ray 5218:Silylidyne 5181:Hemolithin 5156:Anthracene 5073:Deuterated 5054:Pyrimidine 4864:Ethanimine 4727:Ketenimine 4583:Butadiynyl 4407:Thioformyl 4261:Chloronium 2527:complex". 2488:(3): 695. 1913:2019-02-23 1714:1904.09581 1573:References 1525:supernovae 886:beta decay 615:= 3)  597:= 2)  561:= 2)  543:= 1)  385:after the 293:Molar mass 158:ChemSpider 106:3D model ( 7833:predicted 7777:predicted 7760:predicted 7489:predicted 7367:predicted 7026:Hydrogen 6973:predicted 6443:predicted 6415:Plumbanes 6379:Stannanes 6049:Annulenes 5951:predicted 5947:Nihonanes 5911:Thallanes 5876:Indiganes 5646:Group 13 5538:Alkaline 5208:Phosphine 5076:molecules 5009:fullerene 4909:Acetamide 4713:Formamide 4593:Cyanamide 4447:Acetylene 4422:Tricarbon 4333:Methylene 4318:Isoformyl 4223:Triatomic 3996:Molecules 3841:Oganesson 2887:120284828 2844:0031-9007 2186:(1): 57. 2088:0021-9606 1887:ab initio 1838:Ab Initio 1747:119548024 1452:[HeH] 1448:[HeH] 1444:[HeD] 1432:[HeH] 1428:[HeH] 1424:[HeH] 1420:[HeT] 1388:[HeH] 1377:[HeT] 1373:methanium 1369:carbenium 1353:F. Cacace 1351:In 1963, 1346:[HeT] 1320:[HeH] 1296:[HeH] 1284:[HeH] 1274:In 1933, 1190:[HeH] 1063:, with a 1038:acetylene 952:, giving 807:[HeT] 789:[TDH] 777:[HeD] 773:[HeT] 743:[HeH] 739:[HeD] 709:[HeH] 623:[HeT] 619:[HeH] 605:[HeD] 601:[HeH] 587:[HeH] 583:[HeH] 569:[HeT] 565:[HeH] 551:[HeD] 547:[HeH] 533:[HeH] 529:[HeH] 7746:< 1) 7292:Tellanes 6911:Stibanes 6306:Germanes 5841:Gallanes 5648:hydrides 5195:Linear C 5176:Graphene 5088:Ammonium 4889:Acrolein 4752:Propynal 4737:Methanol 4708:Ethylene 4577:Ammonium 4352:Nitroxyl 4176:Sulfanyl 4120:Imidogen 4114:Nitrogen 4083:Hydrogen 4028:Argonium 4005:Diatomic 3700:Xe(VIII) 3019:18993175 2734:22603080 2726:17793014 2388:10032281 2331:10032060 2284:23206010 2096:23126708 1985:18936986 1889:Program" 1767:Discover 1739:30996316 1659:17507960 1567:Argonium 1551:See also 1545:NGC 7027 1404:neutrino 1365:radicals 1091:H and He 1050:methanol 1042:ethylene 843:molecule 747:[DT] 721:[TH] 518:neutrons 506:isotopes 488:or 77.2 423:hydrogen 387:Big Bang 383:Universe 375:electron 371:hydrogen 344:helonium 167:21106447 92:Helonium 8271:Cations 7731:< 1) 7328:Polanes 7255:Selanes 7241:more... 7103:more... 6875:Arsanes 6808:more... 6617:more... 6272:Silynes 6243:Silenes 6229:more... 6105:Silanes 6029:alkynes 6024:alkenes 6019:alkanes 5657:Boranes 5341:Kerogen 5228:Related 5171:Glycine 5124:Propyne 5083:Ammonia 4981:Benzene 4976:Acetone 4968:or more 4939:Propene 4924:Ethanol 4814:Propyne 4633:Methane 4502:Ketenyl 4452:Ammonia 3378:Kr(OTeF 3084:Bibcode 3044:Bibcode 2999:Bibcode 2950:Bibcode 2867:Bibcode 2824:Bibcode 2788:Bibcode 2706:Bibcode 2698:Science 2671:Bibcode 2609:Bibcode 2573:Bibcode 2537:Bibcode 2490:Bibcode 2422:Bibcode 2368:Bibcode 2311:Bibcode 2264:Bibcode 2226:Bibcode 2188:Bibcode 2119:Bibcode 2068:Bibcode 2023:Bibcode 1993:7163073 1938:Bibcode 1870:9920707 1850:Bibcode 1807:Bibcode 1719:Bibcode 1637:Bibcode 1543:, like 1489:tritium 1355:at the 1179:History 1034:methane 912:to any 900:Acidity 878:tritium 871:in situ 847:excimer 811:[TD 751:[TH 725:[DH 645:, DT = 639:tritium 357:) with 287: 6631:Azenes 6493:Azanes 5806:Alanes 5392:Tholin 5213:Pyrene 4658:Silane 4628:Ketene 4130:Oxygen 3925:Og(VI) 3896:Og(IV) 3870:Og(II) 3802:Rn(VI) 3783:Rn(IV) 3752:Rn(II) 3641:Xe(VI) 3577:Xe(IV) 3556:Xe(ONO 3548:FXeONO 3504:XeFPtF 3489:Xe(II) 3390:HCNKrF 3356:KrFSbF 3348:KrFAuF 3017:  2916:  2885:  2842:  2732:  2724:  2463:  2386:  2329:  2282:  2094:  2086:  1991:  1983:  1868:  1745:  1737:  1701:Nature 1657:  1472:Nature 1430:, and 1300:[H 1288:[H 1046:ethane 1002:, and 945:, and 819:[T 793:[D 781:[T 759:[D 713:[D 649:, and 367:bonded 363:helium 348:cation 308:Helium 252:SMILES 73:Names 8261:Acids 5378:(PAH) 4966:atoms 4901:atoms 4841:atoms 4839:Eight 4769:atoms 4767:Seven 4675:atoms 4569:atoms 4439:atoms 4427:Water 4357:Ozone 4299:(HNC) 4293:(HCN) 3850:Og(0) 3767:RnFSb 3512:XeFPt 3477:XeRhF 3469:XePtF 3457:Xe(I) 3421:Xe(0) 3364:HKrCN 3015:S2CID 2989:arXiv 2883:S2CID 2730:S2CID 2584:(PDF) 2569:(PDF) 1989:S2CID 1907:(PDF) 1892:(PDF) 1743:S2CID 1709:arXiv 1655:S2CID 1627:arXiv 1278:used 1247:) as 1129:H + H 1087:H, He 1083:H, He 1079:H, He 914:anion 629:= 7, 611:= 6, 593:= 5, 575:= 6, 557:= 5, 539:= 4, 369:to a 365:atom 346:is a 342:, or 227:InChI 130:ChEBI 108:JSmol 4899:Nine 4567:Five 4477:HCCN 4437:Four 4397:SiNC 3914:OgTs 3882:OgCl 3684:(NO) 3664:XeOF 3624:XeCl 3608:N(CH 3600:XeOF 3540:XeCl 3464:XeCl 3428:AuXe 3369:HKrC 3258:Ar(H 3243:ArCF 3237:MgAr 3232:HArF 3166:LiHe 2914:ISBN 2840:ISSN 2722:PMID 2461:ISBN 2384:PMID 2327:PMID 2280:PMID 2092:PMID 2084:ISSN 1981:PMID 1866:PMID 1775:2019 1735:PMID 1446:and 1400:ITEP 1367:and 1219:and 1125:→ He 1061:acid 1052:and 829:= 7) 803:= 6) 769:= 5) 735:= 4) 477:CH. 395:acid 334:The 8240:PsH 8219:CfH 8211:CfH 8203:BkH 8195:BkH 8187:CmH 8179:AmH 8171:AmH 8163:PuH 8155:PuH 8147:NpH 8139:NpH 8115:PaH 8097:ThH 8089:ThH 8081:AcH 8060:LuH 8052:LuH 8044:YbH 8036:TmH 8028:TmH 8020:ErH 8012:ErH 8004:HoH 7996:HoH 7988:DyH 7980:DyH 7972:TbH 7964:TbH 7956:GdH 7948:GdH 7940:EuH 7932:SmH 7924:SmH 7916:NdH 7908:NdH 7900:PrH 7892:PrH 7884:CeH 7876:CeH 7868:LaH 7860:LaH 7852:LaH 7825:CnH 7816:HgH 7799:HgH 7791:CdH 7783:ZnH 7772:RgH 7766:CuH 7752:DsH 7736:PtH 7721:PdH 7716:NiH 7708:IrH 7700:RhH 7692:CoH 7684:FeH 7676:FeH 7671:FeH 7663:CrH 7655:CrH 7650:CrH 7642:TaH 7637:TaH 7629:NbH 7624:NbH 7603:HfH 7595:HfH 7587:ZrH 7579:ZrH 7571:TiH 7563:TiH 7555:LuH 7547:LuH 7507:ScH 7484:HTs 7478:HAt 7468:HBr 7463:HCl 7421:HDO 7410:(?) 7407:O–O 7359:LvH 7335:PoH 7015:(?) 6965:McH 6941:BiH 6918:SbH 6883:AsH 6465:FlH 6457:FlH 6452:FlH 6422:PbH 6387:SnH 6314:GeH 6292:SiH 6113:SiH 5985:NhH 5965:NhH 5960:NhH 5918:TlH 5883:InH 5848:GaH 5813:AlH 5629:BaH 5621:SrH 5613:CaH 5605:MgH 5597:BeH 5577:BaH 5572:SrH 5567:CaH 5562:MgH 5557:BeH 5528:CsH 5523:RbH 5513:NaH 5508:LiH 5190:NCO 5090:ion 4997:, C 4964:Ten 4673:Six 4579:ion 3931:OgF 3908:OgO 3902:OgF 3888:OgO 3876:OgF 3862:OgH 3818:RnF 3809:RnO 3790:RnF 3759:RnF 3727:XeF 3719:XeO 3707:XeO 3688:XeF 3676:XeO 3656:XeF 3648:XeO 3616:XeF 3592:XeF 3584:XeO 3532:PtF 3496:XeF 3448:XeH 3432:(Sb 3398:KrH 3334:KrF 3319:KrF 3310:KrF 3284:ArF 3279:ArF 3227:ArH 3209:NeH 3158:HeF 3153:HeH 3092:doi 3080:255 3052:doi 3040:340 3007:doi 2985:617 2958:doi 2946:290 2906:doi 2875:doi 2832:doi 2796:doi 2757:doi 2714:doi 2702:250 2679:doi 2644:doi 2617:doi 2545:doi 2533:260 2498:doi 2453:doi 2430:doi 2418:237 2376:doi 2319:doi 2272:doi 2260:137 2234:doi 2196:doi 2154:doi 2127:doi 2076:doi 2064:137 2031:doi 2019:101 1973:doi 1946:doi 1934:110 1858:doi 1846:193 1815:doi 1727:doi 1705:568 1645:doi 1623:357 1165:HeH 1149:HeH 1121:+ H 1095:H. 1005:HCO 983:HSO 621:or 603:or 585:or 567:or 549:or 531:or 437:). 355:ion 278:HeH 196:EPA 8257:: 8131:UH 8123:UH 8110:15 8104:Th 7870:10 7804:Hg 7616:VH 7611:VH 7539:YH 7531:YH 7523:YH 7515:YH 7473:HI 7458:HF 7416:HS 7394:HO 7386:HO 7381:HO 7312:Te 7303:Te 7276:Se 7267:Se 7235:10 7009:NH 7000:HN 6995:NH 6987:HN 6891:As 6802:12 6798:10 6790:11 6778:10 6692:PH 6611:12 6607:10 6599:11 6587:10 6501:NH 6395:Sn 6364:12 6358:Ge 6352:10 6346:Ge 6334:Ge 6322:Ge 6280:Si 6251:Si 6223:22 6219:10 6217:Si 6211:20 6205:Si 6199:18 6193:Si 6187:16 6181:Si 6175:14 6169:Si 6163:12 6157:Si 6151:10 6145:Si 6133:Si 6121:Si 6079:CH 6071:CH 6066:CH 5973:Nh 5926:Tl 5891:In 5856:Ga 5821:Al 5792:22 5788:18 5780:14 5776:10 5768:12 5756:10 5744:11 5720:10 5673:BH 5665:BH 5518:KH 5007:70 4999:60 4995:60 4993:(C 4718:HC 3856:Og 3773:11 3524:Xe 3518:11 3438:11 3271:Ar 3188:He 3180:He 3175:He 3171:Na 3090:. 3078:. 3064:^ 3050:. 3038:. 3013:. 3005:. 2997:. 2983:. 2956:. 2944:. 2940:. 2928:^ 2912:. 2881:. 2873:. 2863:40 2861:. 2838:. 2830:. 2820:43 2818:. 2794:. 2784:94 2782:. 2753:93 2751:. 2728:. 2720:. 2712:. 2700:. 2677:. 2667:24 2665:. 2640:22 2615:. 2603:. 2543:. 2531:. 2496:. 2486:13 2484:. 2459:. 2428:. 2416:. 2396:^ 2382:. 2374:. 2364:55 2362:. 2325:. 2317:. 2307:55 2305:. 2301:. 2278:. 2270:. 2258:. 2246:^ 2232:. 2222:48 2220:. 2208:^ 2194:. 2184:44 2182:. 2166:^ 2148:. 2125:. 2115:23 2113:. 2090:. 2082:. 2074:. 2062:. 2044:^ 2029:. 2017:. 2001:^ 1987:. 1979:. 1969:15 1967:. 1944:. 1932:. 1898:. 1894:. 1864:. 1856:. 1844:. 1813:. 1803:26 1801:. 1783:^ 1764:. 1741:. 1733:. 1725:. 1717:. 1703:. 1688:^ 1678:. 1667:^ 1653:. 1643:. 1635:. 1621:. 1617:. 1599:^ 1589:. 1535:, 1523:, 1434:. 1426:, 1337:= 1292:H] 1245:eV 1207:, 1163:, 1147:, 1111:He 1048:, 1044:, 1040:, 1036:, 1032:, 1028:, 1024:, 1020:, 994:, 980:, 969:NH 966:, 955:HO 947:CO 937:, 932:SO 930:, 925:NH 923:, 873:. 856:. 823:H] 817:, 809:, 791:, 787:, 779:, 775:, 763:H] 757:, 749:, 745:, 741:, 723:, 719:, 711:, 704:: 656:= 647:HH 643:HH 492:. 490:pm 468:μm 409:. 389:. 338:, 184:2 8221:3 8213:2 8205:3 8197:2 8189:2 8181:3 8173:2 8165:3 8157:2 8149:3 8141:2 8133:4 8125:3 8117:3 8108:H 8106:4 8099:4 8091:2 8083:2 8062:3 8054:2 8046:2 8038:3 8030:2 8022:3 8014:2 8006:3 7998:2 7990:3 7982:2 7974:3 7966:2 7958:3 7950:2 7942:2 7934:3 7926:2 7918:3 7910:2 7902:3 7894:2 7886:3 7878:2 7862:3 7854:2 7835:) 7831:( 7827:2 7818:2 7810:2 7808:H 7806:2 7793:2 7785:2 7779:) 7775:( 7762:) 7758:( 7754:2 7744:x 7742:( 7739:x 7729:x 7727:( 7724:x 7710:3 7702:2 7694:2 7686:5 7678:2 7665:x 7657:2 7644:2 7631:2 7618:2 7605:4 7597:2 7589:4 7581:2 7573:4 7565:2 7557:3 7549:2 7541:9 7533:6 7525:3 7517:2 7509:2 7491:) 7487:( 7439:O 7437:2 7435:T 7430:O 7428:2 7426:D 7405:2 7403:H 7396:3 7388:2 7369:) 7365:( 7361:2 7337:2 7314:2 7310:2 7308:H 7301:2 7299:H 7278:2 7274:2 7272:H 7265:2 7263:H 7233:S 7231:2 7229:H 7223:9 7221:S 7219:2 7217:H 7211:8 7209:S 7207:2 7205:H 7199:7 7197:S 7195:2 7193:H 7187:6 7185:S 7183:2 7181:H 7175:5 7173:S 7171:2 7169:H 7163:4 7161:S 7159:2 7157:H 7151:3 7149:S 7147:2 7145:H 7139:2 7137:S 7135:2 7133:H 7128:S 7126:2 7124:H 7097:5 7095:O 7093:2 7091:H 7085:4 7083:O 7081:2 7079:H 7073:3 7071:O 7069:2 7067:H 7061:2 7059:O 7057:2 7055:H 7050:O 7048:2 7046:H 7011:5 7002:5 6989:3 6975:) 6971:( 6967:3 6943:3 6920:3 6897:4 6895:H 6893:2 6885:3 6860:4 6858:H 6856:4 6854:P 6848:3 6846:H 6844:3 6842:P 6836:2 6834:H 6832:2 6830:P 6800:H 6796:P 6788:H 6786:9 6784:P 6776:H 6774:8 6772:P 6766:9 6764:H 6762:7 6760:P 6754:8 6752:H 6750:6 6748:P 6742:7 6740:H 6738:5 6736:P 6730:6 6728:H 6726:4 6724:P 6718:5 6716:H 6714:3 6712:P 6706:4 6704:H 6702:2 6700:P 6694:3 6669:4 6667:H 6665:4 6663:N 6657:3 6655:H 6653:3 6651:N 6645:2 6643:H 6641:2 6639:N 6609:H 6605:N 6597:H 6595:9 6593:N 6585:H 6583:8 6581:N 6575:9 6573:H 6571:7 6569:N 6563:8 6561:H 6559:6 6557:N 6551:7 6549:H 6547:5 6545:N 6539:6 6537:H 6535:4 6533:N 6527:5 6525:H 6523:3 6521:N 6515:4 6513:H 6511:2 6509:N 6503:3 6467:4 6459:2 6445:) 6441:( 6424:4 6401:6 6399:H 6397:2 6389:4 6362:H 6360:5 6350:H 6348:4 6340:8 6338:H 6336:3 6328:6 6326:H 6324:2 6316:4 6286:2 6284:H 6282:2 6257:4 6255:H 6253:2 6221:H 6209:H 6207:9 6197:H 6195:8 6185:H 6183:7 6173:H 6171:6 6161:H 6159:5 6149:H 6147:4 6139:8 6137:H 6135:3 6127:6 6125:H 6123:2 6115:4 6091:H 6089:2 6087:C 6081:3 6073:2 5987:5 5979:6 5977:H 5975:2 5967:3 5953:) 5949:( 5932:6 5930:H 5928:2 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3160:2 3129:e 3122:t 3115:v 3098:. 3094:: 3086:: 3058:. 3054:: 3046:: 3021:. 3009:: 3001:: 2991:: 2966:. 2960:: 2952:: 2922:. 2908:: 2889:. 2877:: 2869:: 2846:. 2834:: 2826:: 2804:. 2802:. 2798:: 2790:: 2776:e 2763:. 2759:: 2736:. 2716:: 2708:: 2685:. 2681:: 2673:: 2650:. 2646:: 2623:. 2619:: 2611:: 2605:4 2575:: 2551:. 2547:: 2539:: 2522:2 2517:H 2504:. 2500:: 2492:: 2469:. 2455:: 2436:. 2432:: 2424:: 2390:. 2378:: 2370:: 2333:. 2321:: 2313:: 2286:. 2274:: 2266:: 2240:. 2236:: 2228:: 2202:. 2198:: 2190:: 2160:. 2156:: 2150:5 2133:. 2129:: 2121:: 2098:. 2078:: 2070:: 2039:. 2037:. 2033:: 2025:: 1995:. 1975:: 1952:. 1948:: 1940:: 1916:. 1900:5 1872:. 1860:: 1852:: 1834:1 1821:. 1817:: 1809:: 1777:. 1749:. 1729:: 1721:: 1711:: 1661:. 1647:: 1639:: 1629:: 1493:2 1413:2 1408:T 1383:2 1381:T 1341:2 1339:H 1334:2 1332:T 1306:( 1304:] 1302:3 1290:2 1266:2 1261:H 1254:2 1249:H 1238:3 1233:H 1226:3 1221:H 1214:2 1209:H 1198:H 1170:3 1154:2 1138:6 1127:2 1123:2 1116:2 1100:2 1093:6 1089:5 1085:4 1081:3 1077:2 1010:2 1000:O 998:3 996:H 988:2 974:4 960:2 949:2 943:O 941:2 939:H 934:2 927:3 920:2 918:O 895:) 888:) 827:A 825:( 821:2 815:] 813:2 801:A 799:( 797:] 795:3 785:] 783:2 767:A 765:( 761:2 755:] 753:2 733:A 731:( 729:] 727:2 717:] 715:2 702:A 696:3 693:+ 690:H 681:2 678:+ 675:H 667:2 665:H 660:2 658:H 653:2 651:T 631:N 627:A 625:( 613:N 609:A 607:( 595:N 591:A 589:( 577:N 573:A 571:( 559:N 555:A 553:( 541:N 537:A 535:( 522:N 520:( 514:A 512:( 486:Å 475:⫶ 461:D 450:2 445:H 432:2 427:H 425:( 350:( 198:) 194:( 110:) 20:)

Index

Helium hydride
Spacefill model of the helium hydride ion


Systematic IUPAC name
JSmol
Interactive image
ChEBI
CHEBI:33688
CHEBI:33689
ChemSpider
21106447
Gmelin Reference
CompTox Dashboard
DTXSID801018818
Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
SMILES
Chemical formula
Molar mass
Conjugate base
Helium
standard state
Infobox references
cation
positively charged
ion
chemical formula
helium
bonded

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