39:
417:
402:
1473:
870:
1542:
1468:
2023:
218:. Wherever possible, environmental illumination should be adjusted to comfortable level. Light-filtering lenses appear to help in people reporting
86:(during the day), which are affected by hemeralopia and in turn degrade the daytime optical response. Hence, many patients feel they see better at
482:
1490:
1485:
1310:
1350:
78:(eye discomfort/pain in light), which is typical of inflammations of the eye. Nighttime vision largely remains unchanged due to the use of
1463:
432:
1458:
1345:
912:
1073:
372:
172:(CAR), seen when certain cancers incite the production of deleterious antibodies against retinal components, may cause hemeralopia.
1213:
1178:
1753:
1271:
1183:
128:
has been used to describe night blindness rather than day blindness by many non-English-speaking doctors, causing confusion.
1173:
902:
1266:
1157:
1023:
169:
1664:
1355:
1340:
552:
510:
475:
1480:
1276:
1250:
1208:
1203:
1068:
941:
929:
885:
1547:
946:
1659:
1453:
1300:
1145:
892:
1198:
1169:
793:
758:
443:
179:(aka Pepper syndrome). Cohen syndrome is mostly characterized by obesity, mental retardation and craniofacial
1669:
1423:
1223:
743:
736:
1938:
1908:
1843:
1838:
1565:
843:
708:
468:
1881:
1557:
1654:
1240:
1235:
1193:
1008:
924:
38:
1959:
1833:
1633:
1516:
1508:
1296:
1260:
1245:
1100:
880:
660:
421:
1570:
1320:
1228:
1152:
1105:
917:
853:
838:
698:
647:
1913:
1810:
1575:
1435:
1218:
875:
781:
368:
337:
288:
71:
27:
1701:
1691:
1537:
1512:
1445:
1411:
1330:
961:
951:
848:
703:
590:
580:
327:
319:
278:
270:
234:
184:
64:
1768:
1732:
1696:
1315:
1140:
1127:
1061:
1018:
936:
748:
680:
600:
585:
203:
188:
113:
149:
1998:
1850:
1795:
1638:
1406:
1335:
1117:
1087:
1033:
987:
858:
731:
665:
655:
332:
307:
283:
258:
176:
137:
98:
426:
2017:
1918:
1773:
1713:
1430:
1378:
1325:
1255:
1164:
1051:
1028:
956:
865:
670:
575:
192:
145:
141:
32:
74:
gets worse, characterised by photoaversion (dislike/avoidance of light) rather than
1783:
1611:
992:
907:
815:
693:
688:
633:
628:
187:
8q22â23. Rarely, it may have ocular complications such as hemeralopia, pigmentary
448:
225:
Otherwise, treatment relies on identifying and treating any underlying disorder.
1982:
1933:
1876:
1828:
1806:
1717:
1708:
1628:
1606:
1418:
1390:
1188:
1056:
897:
718:
595:
547:
494:
219:
180:
75:
59:(night blindness), the inability to see clearly in low light. It is also called
1903:
1866:
1790:
1778:
1722:
1683:
1589:
1525:
1504:
1394:
753:
618:
411:
215:
56:
55:
is the inability to see clearly in bright light and is the exact opposite of
1954:
1928:
1802:
1748:
1736:
1621:
1616:
1601:
1597:
1135:
833:
810:
623:
570:
565:
542:
460:
274:
161:
83:
341:
292:
1993:
1758:
1292:
1095:
726:
323:
196:
157:
153:
79:
394:
164:, due to the lens clouding, disperses the light before it can reach the
160:, where the iris is defectively pigmented, may also cause this. Central
1820:
1763:
1305:
1112:
1043:
1013:
1003:
610:
259:"Nyctalopia and hemeralopia: the current usage trend in the literature"
168:
and is a common cause of hemeralopia and photoaversion in the elderly.
1923:
825:
802:
522:
406:
165:
109:
1895:
144:, affecting the cones in the retina, and the anti-epileptic drug
975:
537:
437:
87:
1980:
1376:
779:
508:
464:
121:
117:
136:
Hemeralopia is known to occur in several ocular conditions.
206:
brain injury. This may also cause concomitant nyctalopia.
202:
Yet another cause of hemeralopia is uni- or bilateral post
175:
Another known cause is a rare genetic condition called
365:
Rehabilitation of visual disorders after brain injury
384:
1947:
1894:
1859:
1819:
1731:
1682:
1647:
1588:
1556:
1524:
1503:
1444:
1389:
1285:
1126:
1086:
1042:
983:
974:
824:
801:
792:
717:
679:
646:
609:
530:
521:
388:
26:
21:
199:, having a serious effect on the person's vision.
1469:arteritic anterior (AAION or arteritic AION)
152:, which fails to constrict in response to light;
476:
8:
1543:Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
871:Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy
1977:
1741:
1530:
1521:
1399:
1386:
1373:
980:
798:
789:
776:
527:
518:
505:
483:
469:
461:
385:
37:
18:
331:
282:
214:People with hemeralopia may benefit from
246:
357:
355:
353:
351:
252:
250:
63:. It can be described as insufficient
7:
1351:Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy
156:, which is absence of the iris; and
1474:non-arteritic anterior (NAION)
1311:Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
1346:Persistent tunica vasculosa lentis
14:
2024:Visual disturbances and blindness
1074:Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
367:. East Sussex: Psychology Press.
1179:Central retinal artery occlusion
312:British Journal of Ophthalmology
257:Ohba N, Ohba A (December 2006).
1184:Branch retinal artery occlusion
913:Terrien's marginal degeneration
1214:Bietti's crystalline dystrophy
1174:Central retinal vein occlusion
903:Pellucid marginal degeneration
1:
1267:Vitelliform macular dystrophy
1158:Posterior vitreous detachment
1024:Persistent pupillary membrane
170:Cancer-associated retinopathy
1754:Leber's congenital amaurosis
1665:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
1356:Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
1341:Persistent fetal vasculature
1272:Leber's congenital amaurosis
553:Meibomian gland dysfunction
183:due to genetic mutation at
2040:
1277:Birdshot chorioretinopathy
1251:Central serous retinopathy
1069:Focal choroidal excavation
942:Corneal neovascularization
759:Subconjunctival hemorrhage
124:was the goddess of night.
1989:
1976:
1744:
1660:Convergence insufficiency
1533:
1402:
1385:
1372:
1301:Primary juvenile glaucoma
1146:Cytomegalovirus retinitis
788:
775:
561:
517:
504:
495:Diseases of the human eye
1170:Ocular ischemic syndrome
70:In hemeralopia, daytime
1670:One and a half syndrome
1424:Foster Kennedy syndrome
275:10.1136/bjo.2006.097519
1909:Argyll Robertson pupil
709:Periorbital cellulitis
1882:Scintillating scotoma
1548:KearnsâSayre syndrome
1491:Toxic and nutritional
1464:posterior (PION)
947:KayserâFleischer ring
306:GördĂŒren, S. (1950).
1655:Conjugate gaze palsy
1526:Paralytic strabismus
1459:anterior (AION)
1241:Retinitis pigmentosa
1236:Macular degeneration
1009:Intermediate uveitis
925:Keratoconjunctivitis
363:Zihl, Josef (2000).
324:10.1136/bjo.34.9.563
148:are typical causes.
108:alaos, "blindness".
1960:Childhood blindness
1939:Parinaud's syndrome
1509:Extraocular muscles
1297:Ocular hypertension
1261:Epiretinal membrane
1246:Retinal haemorrhage
1101:Congenital cataract
104:hemera, "day", and
1486:Leber's hereditary
1153:Retinal detachment
1106:Childhood cataract
918:Post-LASIK ectasia
699:Orbital cellulitis
648:Lacrimal apparatus
2011:
2010:
2007:
2006:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1914:Marcus Gunn pupil
1890:
1889:
1811:Visual impairment
1678:
1677:
1584:
1583:
1571:Fourth-nerve (IV)
1499:
1498:
1436:Optic disc drusen
1368:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1082:
1081:
970:
969:
876:Corneal dystrophy
771:
770:
767:
766:
642:
641:
458:
457:
90:than in daytime.
67:to bright light.
46:
45:
16:Medical condition
2031:
1978:
1742:
1733:Vision disorders
1692:Refractive error
1634:Brown's syndrome
1590:Other strabismus
1576:Sixth-nerve (VI)
1566:Oculomotor (III)
1538:Ophthalmoparesis
1531:
1522:
1513:Binocular vision
1446:Optic neuropathy
1412:optic papillitis
1400:
1387:
1374:
1263:(Macular pucker)
981:
962:Band keratopathy
799:
790:
777:
704:Orbital lymphoma
591:Blepharophimosis
581:Blepharochalasis
528:
519:
506:
485:
478:
471:
462:
386:
379:
378:
359:
346:
345:
335:
303:
297:
296:
286:
254:
235:Adaptation (eye)
195:or retinal/iris
42:
41:
19:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2003:
1985:
1964:
1943:
1886:
1855:
1815:
1769:Color blindness
1735:
1727:
1674:
1648:Other binocular
1643:
1580:
1552:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1495:
1440:
1393:
1381:
1360:
1316:Ocular hypotony
1281:
1141:Chorioretinitis
1122:
1078:
1062:Chorioretinitis
1038:
1019:Rubeosis iridis
997:
966:
937:Corneal opacity
893:Corneal ectasia
820:
784:
763:
749:Pseudopterygium
713:
675:
638:
605:
601:Ankyloblepharon
557:
513:
500:
499:
489:
459:
454:
453:
397:
383:
382:
375:
362:
360:
349:
308:"Day-Blindness"
305:
304:
300:
263:Br J Ophthalmol
256:
255:
248:
243:
231:
212:
189:chorioretinitis
134:
97:comes from the
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2037:
2035:
2027:
2026:
2016:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1999:Onchocerciasis
1996:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1851:Quadrantanopia
1848:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1825:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1796:Oguchi disease
1788:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1639:Duane syndrome
1636:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1609:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1519:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1450:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1407:Optic neuritis
1403:
1397:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1336:Phthisis bulbi
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1219:Coats' disease
1216:
1211:
1209:of prematurity
1206:
1201:
1196:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1167:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1132:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1118:Ectopia lentis
1115:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1092:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1000:
998:
996:
995:
990:
984:
978:
976:Vascular tunic
972:
971:
968:
967:
965:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
933:
932:
922:
921:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
890:
889:
888:
883:
873:
868:
863:
862:
861:
859:Photokeratitis
856:
851:
846:
841:
830:
828:
822:
821:
819:
818:
813:
807:
805:
796:
786:
785:
780:
773:
772:
769:
768:
765:
764:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
740:
739:
732:Conjunctivitis
729:
723:
721:
715:
714:
712:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
683:
677:
676:
674:
673:
668:
666:Dacryocystitis
663:
658:
656:Dacryoadenitis
652:
650:
644:
643:
640:
639:
637:
636:
631:
626:
621:
615:
613:
607:
606:
604:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
562:
559:
558:
556:
555:
550:
545:
540:
534:
532:
525:
515:
514:
509:
502:
501:
498:
497:
491:
490:
488:
487:
480:
473:
465:
456:
455:
452:
451:
440:
429:
414:
398:
393:
392:
390:
389:Classification
381:
380:
373:
347:
318:(9): 563â567.
298:
269:(12): 1548â9.
245:
244:
242:
239:
238:
237:
230:
227:
211:
208:
177:Cohen syndrome
138:Cone dystrophy
133:
130:
82:as opposed to
44:
43:
30:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2036:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:Adie syndrome
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:Achromatopsia
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:Anisometropia
1712:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1517:Accommodation
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1431:Optic atrophy
1429:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:Keratomycosis
1329:
1327:
1326:Globe rupture
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1256:Macular edema
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1165:Retinoschisis
1163:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1052:Choroideremia
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1029:Iridodialysis
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
999:
994:
991:
989:
986:
985:
982:
979:
977:
973:
963:
960:
958:
957:Arcus senilis
955:
953:
952:Haab's striae
950:
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866:Corneal ulcer
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844:acanthamoebic
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146:trimethadione
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142:achromatopsia
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114:Greek goddess
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53:day blindness
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33:Ophthalmology
31:
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25:
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1871:
1809: /
1805: /
1784:Monochromacy
1716: /
1612:Heterophoria
1600: /
1299: /
1295: /
1199:hypertensive
1172: /
993:Ciliary body
908:Keratoglobus
816:Episcleritis
694:Enophthalmos
689:Exophthalmos
634:Trichomegaly
629:Distichiasis
531:Inflammation
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361:Page 96 in:
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150:Adie's pupil
135:
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94:
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60:
52:
48:
47:
1934:Cycloplegia
1877:Photophobia
1872:Hemeralopia
1829:Hemianopsia
1807:Vision loss
1718:Aniseikonia
1709:Astigmatism
1629:Cyclotropia
1607:Hypertropia
1419:Papilledema
1391:Optic nerve
1224:Sickle cell
1204:Purtscher's
1189:Retinopathy
1057:Choroiditis
898:Keratoconus
719:Conjunctiva
596:Xanthelasma
548:Blepharitis
220:photophobia
181:dysmorphism
126:Hemeralopia
95:hemeralopia
76:photophobia
61:heliophobia
49:Hemeralopia
22:Hemeralopia
1983:Infections
1904:Anisocoria
1867:Asthenopia
1860:subjective
1844:homonymous
1839:bitemporal
1791:Nyctalopia
1779:Dichromacy
1723:Presbyopia
1684:Refraction
1505:Strabismus
1395:Optic disc
754:Pinguecula
619:Trichiasis
241:References
216:sunglasses
210:Management
204:chiasmatic
65:adaptation
57:nyctalopia
1955:Nystagmus
1929:Mydriasis
1803:Blindness
1749:Amblyopia
1737:Blindness
1697:Hyperopia
1622:Exophoria
1617:Esophoria
1602:Exotropia
1598:Esotropia
1136:Retinitis
834:Keratitis
811:Scleritis
744:Pterygium
624:Madarosis
571:Ectropion
566:Entropion
543:Chalazion
162:cataracts
93:The word
28:Specialty
2018:Category
1994:Trachoma
1759:Diplopia
1454:Ischemic
1379:Pathways
1293:Glaucoma
1194:diabetic
1096:Cataract
1034:Synechia
886:Meesmann
854:Exposure
839:herpetic
737:allergic
727:Chemosis
661:Epiphora
342:14777856
293:17114591
229:See also
197:coloboma
158:albinism
154:aniridia
112:was the
1834:binasal
1821:Anopsia
1764:Scotoma
1558:palsies
1321:Red eye
1306:Floater
1113:Aphakia
1044:Choroid
1014:Hyphema
1004:Uveitis
611:Eyelash
449:D014780
333:1323631
284:1857511
1924:Miosis
1702:Myopia
1481:Kjer's
1229:photic
1128:Retina
881:Fuchs'
849:fungal
826:Cornea
803:Sclera
586:Ptosis
523:Eyelid
511:Adnexa
438:310500
371:
340:
330:
291:
281:
166:retina
132:Causes
120:, and
110:Hemera
72:vision
35:
1948:Other
1896:Pupil
1286:Other
930:sicca
782:Globe
681:Orbit
427:368.6
412:H53.1
185:locus
106:αλαÏÏ
102:ηΌÎÏα
99:Greek
84:cones
1088:Lens
988:Iris
538:Stye
444:MeSH
433:OMIM
422:9-CM
369:ISBN
338:PMID
289:PMID
140:and
88:dusk
80:rods
418:ICD
403:ICD
328:PMC
320:doi
279:PMC
271:doi
122:Nyx
118:day
116:of
51:or
2020::
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407:10
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249:^
222:.
191:,
484:e
477:t
470:v
420:-
405:-
395:D
377:.
344:.
322::
295:.
273::
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