396:, serum levels of IgA are high in HSP and there are identical findings on renal biopsy; however, IgA nephropathy has a predilection for young adults while HSP is more predominant among children. Further, IgA nephropathy typically only affects the kidneys while HSP is a systemic disease. HSP involves the skin and connective tissues, scrotum, joints, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys. The genetic basis remains unclear except for involvement of the human leukocyte antigen region of the genome. It is hypothesized to involve autoimmunity triggered by infections. Streptococcus strains and Parainfluenza virus are the most commonly associated pathogens, and in children Human Parvovirus B19 is a frequent viral trigger
405:
392:(C3) are deposited on arterioles, capillaries, and venules (hence it is a type III hypersensitivity reaction). The activation of the alternative complement pathway results in the deposition of IgA aggregates or IgA complexes in target organs (with deposition of C3). This leads to the production of inflammatory mediators, including vascular prostaglandins like prostacyclin, which may play a key role in the development of IgAV and its organ-specific clinical manifestations. As with
60:
270:(IgA); the exact cause for this phenomenon is unknown. In children, it usually resolves within several weeks and requires no treatment apart from symptom control but may relapse in a third of cases and cause irreversible kidney damage in about one in a hundred cases. In adults, the prognosis is different from in children. The average duration of cutaneous lesions is 27.9 months. For many, it tends to be
866:(ESKD) more often than in children. In a UK series of 37 patients, 10 (27%) developed advanced kidney disease. Proteinuria, hypertension at presentation, and pathology features (crescentic changes, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy) predicted progression. About 20% of children that exhibit nephrotic or nephritic features experience long permanent renal impairment.
918:
535:
295:
283:
748:(PReS) classification, include palpable purpura as a mandatory criterion, together with at least one of the following findings: diffuse abdominal pain, predominant IgA deposition (confirmed on skin biopsy), acute arthritis in any joint, and renal involvement (as evidenced by the presence of blood and/or protein in the urine).
953:
in 1799 .In 1920, Eduard
Glanzmann(1887-1959), a Swiss pediatrician noted for his contributions in the fields of infectious disease, vitamin therapy and, mostly the field of haematology. He recognised the role of allergy in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura, hence the understanding of the
801:
as treatment for HSP. However, if they are given early in the disease episode, the duration of symptoms may be shortened, and abdominal pain can improve significantly. Moreover, the chance of severe kidney problems may be reduced. A systematic review did not find any evidence that steroid treatment
873:
correlate with the severity of symptoms: those with asymptomatic hematuria may only have focal mesangial proliferation while those with proteinuria may have marked cellular proliferation or even crescent formation. The number of crescentic glomeruli is an important prognostic factor in determining
853:
Overall prognosis is good in most patients, with one study showing recovery occurring in 94% and 89% of children and adults, respectively (some having needed treatment). In children under ten, the condition recurs in about a third of all cases, usually within the four months of the initial attack.
321:. The purpura typically appear on the legs and buttocks, but may also be seen on the arms, face and trunk. The abdominal pain is colicky in character, and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea. There may be blood or mucus in the stools. The joints involved tend to be the
809:
Evidence of worsening kidney damage would normally prompt a kidney biopsy. Treatment may be indicated on the basis of the appearance of the biopsy sample; various treatments may be used, ranging from steroids by mouth to a combination of intravenous
2473:
2452:
962:
mechanism of HSP. In 2012, the
International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides renamed HSP IgA vasculitis. Prior to this, the disease was more often known as Henoch–Schönlein purpura rather than the reverse.
796:
and ulcerations occur. It is uncertain as to whether HSP needs treatment beyond controlling the symptoms. Most people do not receive therapy because of the high spontaneous recovery rate. Experts disagree on whether to routinely use
937:(1793–1864). Johann Schönlein described the condition as an entity in 1837; Eduard Heinrich Henoch in 1868 reported the first case of a patient with colic, bloody diarrhea, painful joints, and a rash. The English physician
546:
using an anti-IgA antibody, the skin is a biopsy of a patient with Henoch–Schönlein purpura. IgA deposits are found in the walls of small superficial capillaries (yellow arrows). The pale wavy green area on top is the
885:
is found for a patient on RRT, the disease will recur in the graft (transplanted kidney) in about 35% of cases, and in 11%, the graft will fail completely (requiring resumption of the RRT and a further transplant).
1622:
Mills JA, Michel BA, Bloch DA, Calabrese LH, Hunder GG, Arend WP, et al. (August 1990). "The
American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Henoch-Schönlein purpura".
2161:
Gardner-Medwin JM, Dolezalova P, Cummins C, Southwood TR (October 2002). "Incidence of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Kawasaki disease, and rare vasculitides in children of different ethnic origins".
2593:
511:
may be performed both to establish the diagnosis or to assess the severity of already suspected kidney disease. The main findings on kidney biopsy are increased cells and Ig deposition in the
845:
agent prevents persistent kidney disease. There is also no evidence that treating children or adults with cyclophosphamide prevents severe kidney disease. Heparin treatment is not justified.
1725:
Murali NS, George R, John GT, Chandi SM, Jacob M, Jeyaseelan L, et al. (June 2002). "Problems of classification of Henoch
Schonlein purpura: an Indian perspective".
1105:
3072:
642:. Several diseases have been reported to be associated with HSP, often without a causative link. Only in about 35% of cases can HSP be traced to any of these causes.
2586:
364:(generalised swelling due to low protein content of the blood). While abnormalities on urinalysis may continue for a long time, only 1% of all HSP patients develop
313:
are known as the "classic triad" of Henoch–Schönlein purpura. Purpura occur in all cases, joint pains and arthritis in 80%, and abdominal pain in 62%. Some include
3444:
341:(blood in the urine), but only a quarter will have this in sufficient quantities to be noticeable without laboratory tests. Problems in other organs, such as the
3310:
3204:
1595:
Michel BA, Hunder GG, Bloch DA, Calabrese LH (May 1992). "Hypersensitivity vasculitis and Henoch-Schönlein purpura: a comparison between the 2 disorders".
2579:
500:, digestive tract hemorrhage (not due to intussussception), hematuria and age less than 20. The presence of three or more of these indicators has an 87%
376:
of the kidney if performed, may predict progression to advanced kidney disease. Adults are more likely than children to develop advanced kidney disease.
333:, but arthritis in the hands and feet is possible; the arthritis is nonerosive and hence causes no permanent deformity. Forty percent have evidence of
645:
The exact cause of HSP is unknown, but most of its features are due to the deposition of abnormal antibodies in the wall of blood vessels, leading to
3155:
3150:
2751:
3106:
1658:
2928:
2357:
2320:
1227:
1047:
933:
the pioneer of neurology who published his classic textbook between 1840 and 1846 and the first to describe
Romberg's sign.) and his teacher
2205:
455:
451:
1218:
Fauci AS (1987). "269:The
Vasculitis Syndromes". In Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, Petersdorf RG, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Fauci AS (eds.).
3439:
3356:
773:
741:
318:
496:(HV). In a series comparing 85 HSP patients with 93 HV patients, five symptoms were found to be indicative of HSP: palpable purpura,
3371:
3335:
3197:
3145:
2923:
972:
895:
3296:
2782:
909:
Cases of HSP may occur anytime throughout the year, but some studies have found that fewer cases occur during the summer months.
730:
3366:
2964:
2826:
2821:
443:
404:
3044:
733:(ACR) classification and the 1994 Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC). Some have reported the ACR criteria to be more
524:
1131:
3434:
3190:
3101:
761:
422:
The diagnosis is based on the combination of the symptoms, as very few other diseases cause the same symptoms together.
3361:
3003:
2806:
493:
474:
721:. In HSP and IgAN, these sugar chains appear to be deficient. The exact reason for these abnormalities is not known.
745:
3262:
3034:
2712:
835:
450:
count may be raised, and distinguishes it from diseases where low platelets are the cause of the purpura, such as
3327:
3064:
2887:
934:
314:
906:
of HSP in children is about 20 per 100,000 children per year, making it the most common vasculitis in children.
3315:
2978:
2747:
2733:
2488:
949:
has fallen into disuse. Moreover, Willan was the first to describe an exanthematous rash of childhood known as
903:
863:
769:
271:
3229:
2851:
2614:
930:
2982:
1503:
López-Mejías R, Castañeda S, Genre F, Remuzgo-Martínez S, Carmona FD, Llorca J, et al. (March 2018).
926:
710:
661:) or decreased removal of abnormal IgA from the circulation. It is suspected that abnormalities in the IgA
564:
389:
365:
342:
236:
902:
are below the age of six, and 90% are under ten. It occurs about twice as often in boys as in girls. The
3419:
2559:
611:
and numerous others. Drugs linked to HSP, usually as an idiosyncratic reaction, include the antibiotics
3396:
1662:
235:), but this usually goes unnoticed; in a small proportion of cases, the kidney involvement proceeds to
3391:
3252:
3234:
3140:
3135:
3119:
3029:
2959:
2816:
2728:
2115:
2063:"Henoch-Schönlein purpura in adulthood and childhood: two different expressions of the same syndrome"
1306:"Henoch Schönlein purpura with nephritis in adults: adverse prognostic indicators in a UK population"
950:
665:
molecule may provide an explanation for its abnormal behaviour in both HSP and the related condition
572:
408:
3429:
3424:
3213:
3162:
2477:
2061:
Blanco R, Martínez-Taboada VM, Rodríguez-Valverde V, García-Fuentes M, González-Gay MA (May 1997).
734:
589:
516:
501:
465:
of the skin may be performed to distinguish the purpura from other diseases that cause it, such as
412:
372:(high blood pressure) may occur. Protein loss and high blood pressure, as well as the features on
317:
as a fourth criterion; this occurs in 33% of cases, sometimes, but not necessarily always, due to
3167:
3049:
3039:
2933:
2831:
2811:
2648:
2606:
2233:
2186:
1750:
1283:
811:
543:
478:
439:
361:
2859:
756:
Henoch–Schönlein purpura may present with an atypical manifestation, which can be confused with
697:. The majority of the serines and the threonines have elaborate sugar chains, connected through
352:
Of the 40% of patients who develop kidney involvement, almost all have evidence (visible or on
274:
over a long period of time, rather than self-limiting and there tend to be more complications.
2869:
2864:
2664:
2653:
2528:
2499:
2415:
2353:
2316:
2225:
2178:
2143:
2084:
2040:
1986:
1937:
1888:
1840:
1799:
1742:
1707:
1639:
1604:
1577:
1536:
1485:
1427:
1378:
1327:
1275:
1223:
1200:
1143:
1086:
1065:"Prognostic factors in leukocytoclastic vasculitis: a clinicopathologic study of 160 patients"
1043:
1015:
882:
842:
682:
486:
155:
2241:
3257:
2913:
2847:
2764:
2759:
2700:
2627:
2602:
2407:
2345:
2287:
2217:
2170:
2133:
2123:
2074:
2030:
2022:
2011:"Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)"
1976:
1968:
1927:
1919:
1878:
1830:
1789:
1781:
1734:
1697:
1684:
Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Andrassy K, Bacon PA, Churg J, Gross WL, et al. (February 1994).
1631:
1567:
1526:
1516:
1475:
1417:
1409:
1368:
1358:
1317:
1267:
1190:
1076:
1005:
938:
815:
548:
520:
497:
470:
385:
267:
200:
83:
2571:
1179:"Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children. Report of 100 patients and review of the literature"
945:(1757–1812) had already described the disease in 1802 and 1808, respectively, but the name
3054:
3024:
2908:
2836:
2690:
2643:
1686:"Nomenclature of systemic vasculitides. Proposal of an international consensus conference"
994:"2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides"
798:
765:
666:
657:; it is uncertain whether the main cause is overproduction (in the digestive tract or the
528:
482:
393:
192:
188:
59:
33:
1770:"EULAR/PReS endorsed consensus criteria for the classification of childhood vasculitides"
2383:
2119:
992:
Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Bacon PA, Basu N, Cid MC, Ferrario F, et al. (January 2013).
17:
2938:
2892:
2685:
2138:
2103:
2035:
2010:
1981:
1956:
1932:
1907:
1835:
1818:
1794:
1769:
1505:"Genetics of immunoglobulin-A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura): An updated review"
1422:
1397:
1373:
1346:
580:
576:
310:
263:
208:
2482:
2174:
3413:
3113:
2705:
1738:
1271:
1195:
1178:
955:
942:
784:
As of 2017, the optimal way to treat Henoch–Schönlein purpura remains controversial.
702:
639:
620:
560:
2190:
1768:
Ozen S, Ruperto N, Dillon MJ, Bagga A, Barron K, Davin JC, et al. (July 2006).
1754:
1287:
806:) is effective at decreasing the likelihood of developing long-term kidney disease.
3281:
3008:
2798:
2680:
2669:
2539:
2237:
2026:
1972:
878:
870:
823:
819:
729:
Multiple standards exist for defining Henoch–Schönlein purpura, including the 1990
705:). This process is thought to stabilise the IgA molecule and make it less prone to
369:
259:
255:
160:
53:
IgA vasculitis, anaphylactoid purpura, purpura rheumatica, Schönlein–Henoch purpura
2221:
2493:
2349:
2128:
1521:
1504:
489:) in the blood vessel wall. However, overall serum complement levels are normal.
2695:
2675:
2659:
2545:
2542:
2523:
2262:
1304:
Shrestha S, Sumingan N, Tan J, Alhous H, McWilliam L, Ballardie F (April 2006).
718:
706:
658:
568:
357:
244:
232:
2548:
2378:
2337:
1081:
1064:
3272:
3244:
3221:
2504:
2461:
1363:
1151:
803:
789:
678:
646:
635:
631:
616:
612:
607:
584:
466:
427:
423:
353:
251:
204:
164:
2419:
2534:
1957:"Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis"
1908:"Effects of corticosteroid on Henoch-Schönlein purpura: a systematic review"
1785:
785:
714:
694:
627:
623:
539:
512:
416:
384:
Henoch–Schönlein purpura is a small-vessel vasculitis in which complexes of
338:
306:
240:
228:
2229:
2182:
2147:
2079:
2062:
2044:
1990:
1941:
1923:
1892:
1844:
1803:
1746:
1702:
1685:
1635:
1581:
1540:
1489:
1382:
1331:
1322:
1305:
1279:
1204:
1019:
2088:
1883:
1866:
1711:
1643:
1608:
1572:
1555:
1480:
1463:
1431:
1147:
1090:
1063:
Sais G, Vidaller A, Jucglà A, Servitje O, Condom E, Peyri J (March 1998).
2554:
2396:"H20: <scp>Henoch–Schönlein</scp> purpura: what's in a name?"
2102:
Watson L, Richardson AR, Holt RC, Jones CA, Beresford MW (January 2012).
1413:
894:
HSP occurs more often in children than in adults, and usually follows an
831:
793:
447:
68:
2444:
1906:
Weiss PF, Feinstein JA, Luan X, Burnham JM, Feudtner C (November 2007).
349:
may occur, but is much less common than in the skin, bowel and kidneys.
2618:
1531:
959:
917:
827:
686:
654:
602:
594:
534:
302:
287:
220:
3182:
2411:
1398:"Abnormalities of vascular prostaglandins in Henoch-Schönlein purpura"
1010:
993:
360:(protein in the urine), which in one eighth is severe enough to cause
3304:
3290:
2987:
2456:
899:
698:
690:
552:
508:
462:
373:
334:
212:
2395:
294:
112:
841:
There is no good evidence that treating children who have HSP with
446:(ESR) results; none are specific for Henoch–Schönlein purpura. The
282:
2954:
2622:
2315:. Landmarks in medicine series. Boca Raton: Parthenon Pub. Group.
1659:"1990 criteria for the classification of Henoch–Schönlein purpura"
1345:
Song Y, Huang X, Yu G, Qiao J, Cheng J, Wu J, et al. (2021).
916:
757:
598:
533:
403:
330:
322:
293:
281:
224:
216:
203:(small, raised areas of bleeding underneath the skin), often with
196:
492:
On the basis of symptoms, it is possible to distinguish HSP from
2466:
2104:"Henoch schonlein purpura--a 5-year review and proposed pathway"
431:
346:
326:
184:
3186:
2575:
2336:
Beighton P, Beighton G (1997), Beighton P, Beighton G (eds.),
1106:"Treatment Challenges, Uncertainty Abound with IgA Vasculitis"
674:
435:
1865:
Hetland LE, Susrud KS, Lindahl KH, Bygum A (November 2017).
1554:
Hetland LE, Susrud KS, Lindahl KH, Bygum A (November 2017).
527:. The changes are indistinguishable from those observed in
136:
121:
98:
92:
1222:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). McGraw Hill. p. 1441.
133:
109:
1396:
Turi S, Belch JJ, Beattie TJ, Forbes CD (February 1986).
1258:
Saulsbury FT (January 2001). "Henoch-Schönlein purpura".
461:
If there is doubt about the cause of the skin lesions, a
874:
whether the patient will develop chronic renal disease.
854:
Recurrence is more common in older children and adults.
822:
followed by prednisone. Other regimens include steroids/
685:-fixating regions 1 and 2. Of the amino acids, half is
2009:
Hahn D, Hodson EM, Willis NS, Craig JC (August 2015).
1819:"Atypical clinical course of Henoch-Schonlein purpura"
1347:"Pathogenesis of IgA Vasculitis: An Up-To-Date Review"
298:
More severe case of HSP on child's foot, leg, and arm
215:
involvement, there may be a loss of small amounts of
139:
124:
115:
101:
95:
2434:
881:
or equivalent renal replacement therapy (RRT). If a
118:
3384:
3349:
3326:
3280:
3271:
3243:
3220:
3128:
3094:
3085:
3063:
3017:
2996:
2977:
2947:
2901:
2886:
2845:
2797:
2790:
2776:
2746:
2721:
2636:
2613:
2514:
2438:
154:
130:
106:
89:
86:
74:
49:
44:
356:) of blood in the urine. More than half also have
826:, and steroids/cyclophosphamide (with or without
788:may be needed for the abdominal and joint pains.
3073:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
1867:"Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: A Literature Review"
1556:"Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: A Literature Review"
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1172:
1170:
1168:
2056:
2054:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1299:
1297:
958:is also the first to recognise the underlying
929:(1820–1910), a German pediatrician (nephew of
3311:Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
3198:
2587:
1955:Hahn D, Hodson EM, Craig JC (February 2023).
1468:Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
8:
862:In adults, kidney involvement progresses to
2015:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2004:
2002:
2000:
1961:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1038:Rapini RP, Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL (2007).
3277:
3205:
3191:
3183:
3091:
2993:
2898:
2794:
2773:
2633:
2594:
2580:
2572:
2435:
2206:"Epidemiology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura"
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1130:Kraft DM, Mckee D, Scott C (August 1998).
1033:
1031:
1029:
649:. These antibodies are of the subclass IgA
473:; on microscopy, the appearances are of a
58:
41:
2137:
2127:
2078:
2034:
1980:
1931:
1882:
1834:
1793:
1701:
1571:
1530:
1520:
1479:
1421:
1372:
1362:
1321:
1194:
1080:
1009:
1462:Rai A, Nast C, Adler S (December 1999).
262:) and is characterized by deposition of
3107:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
984:
434:levels (in kidney involvement), raised
740:More recent classifications, the 2006
559:HSP can develop after infections with
3445:Vascular-related cutaneous conditions
2929:Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
1727:Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
7:
2344:, London: Springer, pp. 62–63,
2210:Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
1464:"Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis"
1220:Harrison's Book of Internal Medicine
1132:"Henoch-Schönlein purpura: a review"
669:. One of the characteristics of IgA
456:thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
452:idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
415:of a patient with Henoch–Schönlein
337:involvement, mainly in the form of
3357:Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy
1657:American College of Rheumatology.
941:(1710–1801) and the dermatologist
774:acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy
742:European League Against Rheumatism
542:of human skin prepared for direct
438:levels (in about 50%), and raised
199:. In the skin, the disease causes
67:Typical purpura on lower legs and
25:
3372:Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis
3336:Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis
3146:Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
973:Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis
896:upper respiratory tract infection
551:, the bottom fibrous area is the
3297:Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
2783:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
1774:Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
1739:10.1046/j.1365-2230.2002.01063.x
1402:Archives of Disease in Childhood
1272:10.1097/00002281-200101000-00006
1196:10.1097/00005792-199911000-00005
731:American College of Rheumatology
565:β-haemolytic, Lancefield group A
82:
3367:Bullous small vessel vasculitis
2965:Subacute bacterial endocarditis
2827:Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
1260:Current Opinion in Rheumatology
2400:British Journal of Dermatology
2342:The Person Behind the Syndrome
2027:10.1002/14651858.CD005128.pub3
1973:10.1002/14651858.CD005128.pub4
1177:Saulsbury FT (November 1999).
877:In ESKD, some eventually need
746:Pediatric Rheumatology Society
689:, while the others are mainly
444:erythrocyte sedimentation rate
239:. HSP is often preceded by an
1:
3045:Postorgasmic illness syndrome
2222:10.3949/ccjm.69.suppl_2.sii87
2175:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11279-7
838:(IVIG) is occasionally used.
681:-long "hinge region" between
27:Vascular inflammatory disease
3102:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
2350:10.1007/978-1-4471-0925-9_31
2313:Dates in infectious diseases
2129:10.1371/journal.pone.0029512
1522:10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.024
762:systemic lupus erythematosus
713:(GalNAc), followed by other
709:. The first sugar is always
519:, where blood is filtered),
345:(brain and spinal cord) and
3362:Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
3168:Systemic autoimmune disease
3004:Allergic contact dermatitis
2924:Hypersensitivity vasculitis
2807:Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
1597:The Journal of Rheumatology
954:allergic component in HSP.
925:The disease is named after
677:) is the presence of an 18
494:hypersensitivity vasculitis
475:hypersensitivity vasculitis
315:gastrointestinal hemorrhage
195:that most commonly affects
3461:
3263:Thromboangiitis obliterans
2674:common allergies include:
2263:"Schönlein-Henoch purpura"
1871:Acta Dermato-Venereologica
1560:Acta Dermato-Venereologica
1104:Collins TR (August 2016).
1082:10.1001/archderm.134.3.309
836:Intravenous immunoglobulin
630:, anti-inflammatory agent
31:
3440:Ailments of unknown cause
3328:Type III hypersensitivity
1825:(Review. Case Reports.).
1823:Canadian Family Physician
1364:10.3389/fimmu.2021.771619
1136:American Family Physician
900:Half of affected patients
523:, and the development of
66:
57:
3316:Microscopic polyangiitis
2919:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
2734:Eosinophilic esophagitis
2379:Schönlein-Henoch purpura
2286:Hellman N (2008-09-23).
2216:(Suppl 2): SII87–SII89.
2067:Arthritis and Rheumatism
1690:Arthritis and Rheumatism
1624:Arthritis and Rheumatism
998:Arthritis and Rheumatism
864:end-stage kidney disease
770:dermatitis herpetiformis
737:than those of the CHCC.
266:containing the antibody
173:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
45:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
32:Not to be confused with
18:Henoch-Schönlein purpura
3035:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
2822:Guillain–Barré syndrome
1817:Lawee D (August 2008).
1786:10.1136/ard.2005.046300
1351:Frontiers in Immunology
1069:Archives of Dermatology
947:Heberden–Willan disease
931:Moritz Heinrich Romberg
3136:Autoimmune adrenalitis
2406:(S1): 193. July 2022.
2080:10.1002/art.1780400513
1924:10.1542/peds.2007-0667
1703:10.1002/art.1780370206
1636:10.1002/art.1780330809
935:Johann Lukas Schönlein
927:Eduard Heinrich Henoch
922:
921:Johann Lukas Schönlein
752:Differential diagnosis
711:N-acetyl-galactosamine
556:
419:
390:complement component 3
366:chronic kidney disease
343:central nervous system
299:
291:
237:chronic kidney disease
191:, and sometimes other
183:, is a disease of the
2204:Saulsbury FT (2002).
1884:10.2340/00015555-2733
1573:10.2340/00015555-2733
1481:10.1681/ASN.V10122637
920:
538:Microphotograph of a
537:
481:demonstrates IgA and
407:
297:
285:
3392:Goodpasture syndrome
3253:Polyarteritis nodosa
3235:Giant cell arteritis
3230:Takayasu's arteritis
3141:Autoimmune hepatitis
3120:Transplant rejection
3030:Giant cell arteritis
2960:Rheumatoid arthritis
2817:Goodpasture syndrome
2729:Autoimmune urticaria
2311:Lee HS, ed. (2002).
2292:Renal Fellow Network
1509:Autoimmunity Reviews
1414:10.1136/adc.61.2.173
1323:10.1093/qjmed/hcl034
1042:. St. Louis: Mosby.
951:erythema infectiosum
573:herpes simplex virus
540:histological section
504:for predicting HSP.
3435:Autoimmune diseases
3214:Systemic vasculitis
2607:autoimmune diseases
2338:"GLANZMANN, Eduard"
2288:"Maladie de Berger"
2169:(9341): 1197–1202.
2120:2012PLoSO...729512W
590:Helicobacter pylori
411:showing IgA in the
272:relapsing–remitting
3397:Sneddon's syndrome
3050:Reactive arthritis
3040:Multiple sclerosis
2934:Reactive arthritis
2832:Pemphigus vulgaris
2812:Bullous pemphigoid
2713:Penicillin allergy
2649:Allergic urticaria
2515:External resources
2267:www.whonamedit.com
1110:The Rheumatologist
923:
858:Kidney involvement
812:methylprednisolone
557:
544:immunofluorescence
485:(a protein of the
479:immunofluorescence
440:C-reactive protein
426:may show elevated
420:
362:nephrotic syndrome
300:
292:
278:Signs and symptoms
250:HSP is a systemic
3405:
3404:
3380:
3379:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3081:
3080:
2973:
2972:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2870:Pernicious anemia
2865:Myasthenia gravis
2742:
2741:
2665:Atopic dermatitis
2654:Allergic rhinitis
2569:
2568:
2412:10.1111/bjd.21511
2359:978-1-4471-0925-9
2322:978-1-84214-150-2
1877:(10): 1160–1166.
1566:(10): 1160–1166.
1474:(12): 2637–2644.
1229:978-0-07-079454-2
1142:(2): 405–8, 411.
1049:978-1-4160-2999-1
1011:10.1002/art.37715
883:kidney transplant
758:papular urticaria
521:white blood cells
487:complement system
179:), also known as
170:
169:
39:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
3452:
3278:
3258:Kawasaki disease
3207:
3200:
3193:
3184:
3163:Sjögren syndrome
3092:
2994:
2899:
2795:
2774:
2634:
2603:Hypersensitivity
2596:
2589:
2582:
2573:
2436:
2424:
2423:
2392:
2386:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2240:. Archived from
2201:
2195:
2194:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2141:
2131:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2082:
2058:
2049:
2048:
2038:
2006:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1935:
1918:(5): 1079–1087.
1903:
1897:
1896:
1886:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1838:
1829:(8): 1117–1120.
1814:
1808:
1807:
1797:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1705:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1661:. Archived from
1654:
1648:
1647:
1630:(8): 1114–1121.
1619:
1613:
1612:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1575:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1534:
1524:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1483:
1459:
1436:
1435:
1425:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1325:
1301:
1292:
1291:
1255:
1234:
1233:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1174:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1150:. Archived from
1127:
1114:
1113:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1084:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1035:
1024:
1023:
1013:
989:
939:William Heberden
869:The findings on
816:cyclophosphamide
792:is warranted if
498:abdominal angina
471:cryoglobulinemia
386:immunoglobulin A
268:immunoglobulin A
264:immune complexes
245:throat infection
201:palpable purpura
189:mucous membranes
146:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
91:
88:
62:
42:
21:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3401:
3376:
3345:
3322:
3267:
3239:
3216:
3211:
3181:
3172:
3124:
3087:
3077:
3059:
3055:Type 1 diabetes
3025:Coeliac disease
3013:
2985:
2969:
2943:
2909:Arthus reaction
2890:
2874:
2860:Graves' disease
2841:
2837:Rheumatic fever
2786:
2754:
2738:
2717:
2644:Allergic asthma
2625:
2609:
2600:
2570:
2565:
2564:
2510:
2509:
2464:
2447:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2376:
2372:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2323:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2296:
2294:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2271:
2269:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2247:
2245:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2060:
2059:
2052:
2021:(8): CD005128.
2008:
2007:
1998:
1967:(2): CD005128.
1954:
1953:
1949:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1864:
1863:
1852:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1666:
1665:on 27 July 2011
1656:
1655:
1651:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1461:
1460:
1439:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1257:
1256:
1237:
1230:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1176:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1155:
1129:
1128:
1117:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1037:
1036:
1027:
991:
990:
986:
981:
969:
915:
892:
860:
851:
799:corticosteroids
782:
766:meningococcemia
754:
727:
703:O-glycosylation
672:
667:IgA nephropathy
664:
652:
529:IgA nephropathy
402:
394:IgA nephropathy
382:
380:Pathophysiology
319:intussusception
280:
150:
129:
105:
85:
81:
40:
37:
34:IgA nephropathy
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3458:
3456:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3341:IgA vasculitis
3338:
3332:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3286:
3284:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3098:
3096:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3000:
2998:
2991:
2975:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2939:Serum sickness
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2905:
2903:
2896:
2893:Immune complex
2884:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2856:
2854:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2780:
2778:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2744:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2631:
2611:
2610:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2576:
2567:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2551:
2531:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2496:
2485:
2470:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:Classification
2432:
2431:External links
2429:
2426:
2425:
2387:
2370:
2358:
2328:
2321:
2303:
2278:
2254:
2196:
2153:
2094:
2073:(5): 859–864.
2050:
1996:
1947:
1898:
1850:
1809:
1780:(7): 936–941.
1760:
1733:(4): 260–263.
1717:
1696:(2): 187–192.
1676:
1649:
1614:
1603:(5): 721–728.
1587:
1546:
1515:(3): 301–315.
1495:
1437:
1408:(2): 173–177.
1388:
1337:
1316:(4): 253–265.
1293:
1235:
1228:
1210:
1189:(6): 395–409.
1164:
1115:
1096:
1075:(3): 309–315.
1055:
1048:
1025:
983:
982:
980:
977:
976:
975:
968:
965:
914:
911:
891:
888:
859:
856:
850:
847:
781:
778:
753:
750:
726:
725:Classification
723:
670:
662:
650:
621:ACE inhibitors
581:Coxsackievirus
577:parvovirus B19
507:Biopsy of the
409:Immunostaining
401:
398:
381:
378:
311:abdominal pain
279:
276:
209:abdominal pain
181:IgA vasculitis
168:
167:
158:
152:
151:
149:
148:
78:
76:
72:
71:
64:
63:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3457:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3408:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3245:Medium vessel
3242:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3208:
3203:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3114:Latex allergy
3112:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2984:
2983:cell-mediated
2980:
2976:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2914:Farmer's lung
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:Who Named It?
2381:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2361:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2329:
2324:
2318:
2314:
2307:
2304:
2293:
2289:
2282:
2279:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2244:on 2020-03-27
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2114:(1): e29512.
2113:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1813:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1680:
1677:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1550:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1392:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1341:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1154:on 2011-06-06
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1059:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
988:
985:
978:
974:
971:
970:
966:
964:
961:
957:
956:William Osler
952:
948:
944:
943:Robert Willan
940:
936:
932:
928:
919:
912:
910:
907:
905:
901:
897:
889:
887:
884:
880:
875:
872:
867:
865:
857:
855:
848:
846:
844:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
807:
805:
800:
795:
791:
787:
779:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
751:
749:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
724:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
668:
660:
656:
648:
643:
641:
640:streptokinase
637:
634:, as well as
633:
629:
625:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
554:
550:
545:
541:
536:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
515:(part of the
514:
510:
505:
503:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
418:
414:
410:
406:
399:
397:
395:
391:
387:
379:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
296:
289:
284:
277:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:blood vessels
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
166:
162:
159:
157:
153:
144:
80:
79:
77:
75:Pronunciation
73:
70:
65:
61:
56:
52:
48:
43:
35:
30:
19:
3420:Rheumatology
3407:
3340:
3303:
3289:
3282:Pauci-immune
3273:Small vessel
3222:Large vessel
3009:Mantoux test
2918:
2670:Food allergy
2553:
2533:
2522:
2498:
2487:
2472:
2451:
2403:
2399:
2390:
2377:
2373:
2363:, retrieved
2341:
2331:
2312:
2306:
2295:. Retrieved
2291:
2281:
2270:. Retrieved
2266:
2257:
2246:. Retrieved
2242:the original
2213:
2209:
2199:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2111:
2107:
2097:
2070:
2066:
2018:
2014:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1915:
1911:
1901:
1874:
1870:
1826:
1822:
1812:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1667:. Retrieved
1663:the original
1652:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1471:
1467:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1354:
1350:
1340:
1313:
1309:
1266:(1): 35–40.
1263:
1259:
1219:
1213:
1186:
1182:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:the original
1139:
1135:
1109:
1099:
1072:
1068:
1058:
1039:
1001:
997:
987:
946:
924:
908:
893:
890:Epidemiology
879:hemodialysis
876:
871:renal biopsy
868:
861:
852:
843:antiplatelet
840:
824:azathioprine
820:dipyridamole
808:
783:
755:
744:(EULAR) and
739:
728:
644:
606:
588:
561:streptococci
558:
506:
491:
460:
421:
383:
370:Hypertension
351:
301:
290:on lower leg
256:inflammation
249:
243:, such as a
180:
176:
172:
171:
161:Rheumatology
29:
2660:Anaphylaxis
2656:(Hay fever)
2524:MedlinePlus
1669:15 December
1532:10481/51942
1040:Dermatology
1004:(1): 1–11.
814:(steroid),
719:sialic acid
707:proteolysis
659:bone marrow
569:hepatitis B
502:sensitivity
424:Blood tests
358:proteinuria
233:proteinuria
50:Other names
3430:Nephrology
3425:Pediatrics
3414:Categories
3129:Autoimmune
3018:Autoimmune
2948:Autoimmune
2791:Autoimmune
2722:Autoimmune
2500:DiseasesDB
2365:2024-04-29
2297:2024-04-30
2272:2024-04-29
2248:2012-08-26
1912:Pediatrics
1873:(Review).
1357:: 771619.
1158:2007-12-15
979:References
804:prednisone
794:skin death
790:Wound care
786:Analgesics
715:galactoses
683:complement
679:amino acid
647:vasculitis
636:ranitidine
632:diclofenac
617:cefuroxime
613:vancomycin
608:Mycoplasma
585:adenovirus
517:glomerulus
467:vasculitis
428:creatinine
413:glomerulus
388:(IgA) and
354:urinalysis
252:vasculitis
205:joint pain
165:Immunology
3350:Ungrouped
2799:Cytotoxic
2546:emerg/845
2543:emerg/767
2535:eMedicine
2420:0007-0963
904:incidence
849:Prognosis
780:Treatment
735:sensitive
695:threonine
628:captopril
624:enalapril
549:epidermis
525:crescents
513:mesangium
442:(CRP) or
417:nephritis
400:Diagnosis
339:hematuria
307:arthritis
241:infection
229:hematuria
156:Specialty
3088:multiple
3086:Unknown/
2888:Type III
2852:receptor
2701:Tree nut
2555:Orphanet
2549:ped/3020
2540:derm/177
2469:D69.010)
2230:12086273
2191:25018798
2183:12401245
2148:22235302
2108:PLOS ONE
2045:26258874
1991:36853224
1942:17974746
1893:28654132
1845:18697972
1804:16322081
1755:45849349
1747:12139664
1582:28654132
1541:29353097
1490:10589705
1383:34858429
1332:16565522
1288:32647673
1280:11148713
1205:10575422
1183:Medicine
1020:23045170
967:See also
960:allergic
832:warfarin
655:polymers
448:platelet
286:Typical
197:children
69:buttocks
3095:Foreign
2997:Foreign
2988:T cells
2979:Type IV
2902:Foreign
2777:Foreign
2748:Type II
2691:Seafood
2637:Foreign
2619:allergy
2494:D011695
2238:4714914
2139:3250434
2116:Bibcode
2089:9153547
2036:9588174
1982:9972777
1933:3525094
1836:2515239
1795:1798210
1712:8129773
1644:2202310
1609:1613701
1432:2420289
1423:1777583
1374:8630619
1148:9713395
1091:9521029
913:History
828:heparin
772:, and
701:atoms (
687:proline
603:rubella
595:measles
469:due to
303:Purpura
288:purpura
223:in the
221:protein
211:. With
3305:p-ANCA
3291:c-ANCA
3116:(I+IV)
2848:Type V
2686:Peanut
2615:Type I
2529:000425
2418:
2356:
2319:
2236:
2228:
2189:
2181:
2163:Lancet
2146:
2136:
2087:
2043:
2033:
1989:
1979:
1940:
1930:
1891:
1843:
1833:
1802:
1792:
1753:
1745:
1710:
1642:
1607:
1580:
1539:
1488:
1430:
1420:
1381:
1371:
1330:
1286:
1278:
1226:
1203:
1146:
1089:
1046:
1018:
699:oxygen
691:serine
553:dermis
509:kidney
477:, and
463:biopsy
374:biopsy
335:kidney
331:elbows
329:, and
323:ankles
309:, and
213:kidney
193:organs
147:
3385:Other
2955:Lupus
2706:Wheat
2623:atopy
2483:287.0
2462:D69.0
2234:S2CID
2187:S2CID
1751:S2CID
1284:S2CID
673:(and
599:mumps
347:lungs
327:knees
225:urine
217:blood
3156:APS2
3151:APS1
3065:GVHD
2752:ADCC
2681:Milk
2605:and
2505:5705
2489:MeSH
2478:9-CM
2467:ILDS
2416:ISSN
2354:ISBN
2317:ISBN
2226:PMID
2179:PMID
2144:PMID
2085:PMID
2041:PMID
2019:2015
1987:PMID
1965:2023
1938:PMID
1889:PMID
1841:PMID
1800:PMID
1743:PMID
1708:PMID
1671:2007
1640:PMID
1605:PMID
1578:PMID
1537:PMID
1486:PMID
1428:PMID
1379:PMID
1328:PMID
1276:PMID
1224:ISBN
1201:PMID
1144:PMID
1087:PMID
1044:ISBN
1016:PMID
830:and
818:and
717:and
693:and
638:and
626:and
615:and
454:and
432:urea
430:and
231:and
219:and
207:and
185:skin
2765:IgM
2760:IgG
2696:Soy
2676:Egg
2628:IgE
2560:761
2474:ICD
2453:ICD
2408:doi
2404:187
2382:at
2346:doi
2218:doi
2171:doi
2167:360
2134:PMC
2124:doi
2075:doi
2031:PMC
2023:doi
1977:PMC
1969:doi
1928:PMC
1920:doi
1916:120
1879:doi
1831:PMC
1790:PMC
1782:doi
1735:doi
1698:doi
1632:doi
1568:doi
1527:hdl
1517:doi
1476:doi
1418:PMC
1410:doi
1369:PMC
1359:doi
1318:doi
1310:QJM
1268:doi
1191:doi
1077:doi
1073:134
1006:doi
834:).
675:IgD
653:in
567:),
436:IgA
258:of
177:HSP
3416::
2850:"/
2558::
2538::
2527::
2503::
2492::
2481::
2460::
2457:10
2414:.
2402:.
2398:.
2352:,
2340:,
2290:.
2265:.
2232:.
2224:.
2214:69
2212:.
2208:.
2185:.
2177:.
2165:.
2142:.
2132:.
2122:.
2110:.
2106:.
2083:.
2071:40
2069:.
2065:.
2053:^
2039:.
2029:.
2017:.
2013:.
1999:^
1985:.
1975:.
1963:.
1959:.
1936:.
1926:.
1914:.
1910:.
1887:.
1875:97
1869:.
1853:^
1839:.
1827:54
1821:.
1798:.
1788:.
1778:65
1776:.
1772:.
1749:.
1741:.
1731:27
1729:.
1706:.
1694:37
1692:.
1688:.
1638:.
1628:33
1626:.
1601:19
1599:.
1576:.
1564:97
1562:.
1558:.
1535:.
1525:.
1513:17
1511:.
1507:.
1484:.
1472:10
1470:.
1466:.
1440:^
1426:.
1416:.
1406:61
1404:.
1400:.
1377:.
1367:.
1355:12
1353:.
1349:.
1326:.
1314:99
1312:.
1308:.
1296:^
1282:.
1274:.
1264:13
1262:.
1238:^
1199:.
1187:78
1185:.
1181:.
1167:^
1140:58
1138:.
1134:.
1118:^
1108:.
1085:.
1071:.
1067:.
1028:^
1014:.
1002:65
1000:.
996:.
898:.
776:.
768:,
764:,
760:,
619:,
605:,
601:,
597:,
593:,
587:,
583:,
579:,
575:,
571:,
531:.
483:C3
458:.
368:.
325:,
305:,
247:.
187:,
163:,
143:-/
137:oʊ
122:aɪ
113:ɜː
3206:e
3199:t
3192:v
2990:)
2986:(
2981:/
2895:)
2891:(
2846:"
2750:/
2630:)
2626:(
2621:/
2617:/
2595:e
2588:t
2581:v
2476:-
2465:(
2455:-
2445:D
2422:.
2410::
2348::
2325:.
2300:.
2275:.
2251:.
2220::
2193:.
2173::
2150:.
2126::
2118::
2112:7
2091:.
2077::
2047:.
2025::
1993:.
1971::
1944:.
1922::
1895:.
1881::
1847:.
1806:.
1784::
1757:.
1737::
1714:.
1700::
1673:.
1646:.
1634::
1611:.
1584:.
1570::
1543:.
1529::
1519::
1492:.
1478::
1434:.
1412::
1385:.
1361::
1334:.
1320::
1290:.
1270::
1232:.
1207:.
1193::
1161:.
1112:.
1093:.
1079::
1052:.
1022:.
1008::
802:(
671:1
663:1
651:1
563:(
555:.
254:(
227:(
175:(
140:n
134:ʃ
131:ˈ
128:,
125:n
119:l
116:n
110:ʃ
107:ˈ
102:k
99:ə
96:n
93:ɛ
90:h
87:ˈ
84:/
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
