42:
151:. His mother played an important role in his life. She influenced the faith of Henry and his two brothers by reading the German Bible on Sunday afternoons with them. His mother spoke German but little English, therefore, German was Henry's first language. He grew up speaking Pennsylvania German in his home. His fluency in both written and spoken German later allowed him to communicate easily with Germans in America, Europe, and Korea. Henry was transformed due to a personal spiritual experience on October 6, 1876. He celebrated this day as his spiritual birthday every year. He studied at
202:
239:
304:
229:, and he also established many Protestant institutions. He served at Chong Dong as a pastor in 1887 until his death in 1902. In 1886, Appenzeller was on the Board of Bible Translators with the other Methodist and Presbyterian missionaries and other Korean translators. He helped to translate the Bible into Korean. He founded the first Christian newspaper in Korea,
213:
was in political struggle. Missionaries could not set up a church, nor preach in public. Evangelism had to be done secretly. Appenzeller focused on preparing a missionary residence in the first two years. In 1887, worship in public became possible, therefore, a chapel was established for services.
311:
On
October 21, 2016, a bronze bust of Appenzeller was dedicated on the campus of Drew Theological School as a gift from the Chungdong First Methodist Church in Seoul, South Korea. Rev. Dr. Sehyoung Lee, the English Ministry Pastor of Chungdong, said: "For the people of Chungdong and Methodists in
266:
was 27 in all. A survivor, one Mr Bowlby, describes the speed of the sinking followed by the boiler bursting. Appenzeller is thought to have fatally delayed his escape from the vessel by trying to wake a Korean woman and her child so as to get them out of their cabin. A
295:
has dramatically developed as one of major
Protestant denominations in Korea. In 2001, the denomination comprised 5,262 churches, 1,394,514 members, and 7,298 ministers. There were six universities established under the Methodist model, including
155:, a private residential liberal arts college based on the Reformed Church, where he studied ancient languages and held a particular interest in Greek language and literature. Henry also studied and became fluent in biblical languages and French.
1435:
307:
Rev. Dr. Sehyoung Lee, Dean Javier Viera, Bishop John Schol, Rev. Ki-Sung Song, Arist
Changgon Kim, and other dignitaries celebrate the installation of a bronze bust of Appenzeller at Drew Theological School.
447:
1646:
300:. In addition, the denomination had its own theological seminary, the Methodist Theological Seminary in Seoul. It also had six theological institutes and 54 junior high and high schools.
1167:
972:
1177:
1172:
868:
1310:
923:
329:(1912) Fleming H. Revell Company, London & Edinburgh. Griffis was an enthusiast for Japanese not Joseon (Korean) culture, which in parts appears in his narrative.
131:
from 1885 to 1902. He was known for his three major contributions to Korea: the
Paichai College Hall, the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Seoul, and the translated
1275:
1200:
1102:
1270:
1260:
1235:
1112:
1007:
807:
454:
1616:
1285:
1265:
1240:
1230:
1215:
1182:
1122:
1107:
1636:
1420:
1280:
1255:
1225:
1210:
1205:
1157:
1062:
1631:
1320:
1137:
967:
883:
1325:
1245:
1132:
1017:
1571:
1315:
1295:
1250:
1220:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1067:
1027:
908:
1394:
1300:
1117:
1072:
863:
348:
1641:
1621:
1601:
1425:
1290:
873:
358:
287:
The presence of
Christian missionaries was permitted into Korea as part of a controversial policy of modernisation and Westernisation by the Korean
1305:
1192:
1162:
1147:
1127:
1057:
1042:
1022:
1012:
977:
312:
Korea, it’s as if
Appenzeller came to Korea, gave himself up, and now 130 years later, we’re expressing our deep gratitude by bringing him back."
1626:
1591:
1441:
1335:
1187:
1142:
1077:
1052:
1002:
997:
992:
962:
957:
243:
1566:
1469:
1330:
1152:
1082:
1037:
987:
888:
217:
Appenzeller was the founder of a boys' school, Paichai
Hakdang—Hall for the Rearing of Useful Men in Korea in 1887. It is the predecessor of
1047:
1032:
918:
563:
898:
800:
41:
1596:
903:
749:
272:
722:
671:
893:
1581:
1576:
226:
487:
1611:
982:
913:
1586:
1359:
837:
832:
793:
645:
618:
209:
Appenzeller arrived in Korea on April 5, 1885, an Easter Sunday morning, with his wife Ella
Appenzeller. During that period,
1500:
1495:
363:
275:, the gravesite of over 300 foreigners including over 80 missionaries from many denominations including those sent by the
231:
152:
1490:
945:
1606:
1354:
697:
189:
service. Before
Appenzeller sailed to Korea, he married Ella Dodge. They had three children together. Their daughter
1485:
1464:
1430:
1383:
159:
472:
190:
182:
174:
858:
853:
411:"The Legacy of Henry G. Appenzeller" (Document). International Bulletin of Missionary Research. October 1994.
1412:
878:
292:
276:
222:
163:
144:
62:
520:
Davies, Daniel M. (December 1992). "Building a City on a Hill in Korea: The Work of Henry G. Appenzeller".
147:, in 1858. His mother was Swiss Mennonite, while his father was from Pennsylvania. His parents went to the
1402:
323:
148:
816:
412:
385:"Henry Gerhard Appenzeller : His Contribution to Korean Independence, Democracy, and Modernization"
353:
201:
1561:
1556:
1651:
1510:
684:
343:
297:
288:
218:
116:
112:
723:
https://ia800306.us.archive.org/33/items/amodernpioneerin00grifuoft/amodernpioneerin00grifuoft.pdf
672:
https://ia800306.us.archive.org/33/items/amodernpioneerin00grifuoft/amodernpioneerin00grifuoft.pdf
1535:
587:
545:
537:
178:
166:
at the age of twenty- one, three years after his conversion. Then he served in the church as a
933:
774:
755:
745:
338:
1530:
1525:
1520:
529:
262:, a steamship which collided suddenly at night with another vessel. The loss of life on the
120:
384:
824:
590:['Korea's Mother Church' Chungdong First Methodist Church's History Museum Open].
108:
1369:
238:
1550:
1505:
1364:
928:
549:
132:
429:
17:
254:
In June 1902, at the age of 44, Appenzeller was traveling to a southern port city,
742:
The Life and
Thought of Henry Gerhard Appenzeller (1852-1902), Missionary to Korea
221:
and Paichai Middle & High school. In 1885, he became the founder of the first
1346:
448:"A Century After: The Legacy of the Appenzellers, Pioneer Missionaries to Korea"
416:
303:
768:
640:
613:
279:, and its predecessor denominations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
186:
124:
104:
759:
167:
101:
778:
453:. Journal of the Historical Society of the EPA Conference. Archived from
268:
170:
785:
541:
258:, to attend a meeting for the Bible translation. He sailed aboard the
698:"Chungdong First Methodist Church, Drew and GNJ Remember Appenzeller"
533:
473:"A Modern Pioneer in Korea: The Life Story of Henry G. Appenzeller"
302:
255:
237:
210:
200:
128:
770:
A Modern Pioneer in Korea: The Life Story of Henry G. Appenzeller
668:
A Modern Pioneer in Korea: The Life Story of Henry G Appenzeller
488:"Henry G. Appenzeller: Pioneer Missionary and Reformer in Korea"
327:
A Modern Pioneer in Korea: The Life Story of Henry G Appenzeller
789:
683:
See under Social Revolution and under Public Policy in article
214:
His goal was to transform Pagan Korea into Christian Korea.
670:(1912) Fleming H. Revell Company, London & Edinburgh
90:
Methodist missionary who introduced Christianity to Korea
734:
Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896.
666:
At page 277 and following in William Elliot Griffis
1478:
1455:
1411:
1393:
1382:
1344:
942:
846:
823:
86:
70:
48:
32:
869:Conservative Reformed Presbyterian Church in Korea
1647:Burials at Yanghwajin Foreign Missionary Cemetery
924:Independent Reformed Presbyterian Church in Korea
291:. Since its founding in the 19th century, the
801:
702:United Methodist Church of Greater New Jersey
406:
404:
402:
8:
968:Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea
884:Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea
564:"Chungdong First Methodist Church (서울 정동교회)"
442:
440:
107:. He and four other missionaries, including
773:. London and Edinburgh: Fleming H. Revell.
1390:
939:
909:Women Pastors Presbyterian Church in Korea
808:
794:
786:
568:Chungdong First Methodist Church (서울 정동교회)
528:(4). Cambridge University Press: 422–435.
40:
29:
1395:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
864:Conservative Presbyterian Church in Korea
466:
464:
349:19th-century Protestant missions in China
100:(February 6, 1858 – June 11, 1902) was a
874:Korean Christian Fundamentalist Assembly
359:List of Protestant missionaries in China
27:American missionary to Korea (1858–1902)
432:The Early Years of the RASKB: 1900-1920
375:
1617:Franklin & Marshall College alumni
1336:Presbyterian Church in Korea (GaeHyuk)
244:Yanghwajin Foreign Missionary Cemetery
193:was the first American born in Korea.
143:Henry Gerhard Appenzeller was born in
1470:National Council of Churches in Korea
889:National Council of Churches in Korea
7:
1637:Translators of the Bible into Korean
919:Independent Reformed Church in Korea
1632:People from Souderton, Pennsylvania
899:United Presbyterian Church in Korea
1465:The Communion of Churches in Korea
904:Union Presbyterian Church in Korea
430:Brother Anthony of Taizé website,
205:Henry Appenzeller and His Students
25:
1572:19th-century American translators
1426:Russian Orthodox diocese of Korea
1421:Church of the Life-Giving Trinity
894:Pure Presbyterian Church in Korea
744:. Lewiston, NY: E. Mellen Press.
736:Chicago: Marquis Who's Who, 1963.
767:Griffis, William Elliot (1912).
696:Kinney, Josh (8 November 2016).
471:Griffis, William Elliot (1912).
271:in his honor was erected at the
227:Chungdong First Methodist Church
1642:University and college founders
1622:Methodist missionaries in Korea
1602:American Methodist missionaries
914:Korea Campus Crusade for Christ
273:Yanghwajin Foreigners' Cemetery
1360:Pyongyang Theological Seminary
838:Catholic Church in North Korea
833:Catholic Church in South Korea
646:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
619:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
588:"'한국의 어머니 교회' 정동제일교회 역사기념관 개관"
1:
1627:American missionary linguists
1592:American expatriates in Korea
1501:Marie-Nicolas-Antoine Daveluy
1431:Korean Ecclesiastical Mission
364:Society in the Joseon dynasty
232:The Korean Christian Advocate
153:Franklin and Marshall College
1567:19th-century American clergy
1491:Laurent-Joseph-Marius Imbert
1355:Korean Christian Federation
1668:
934:The Church of Almighty God
740:Davies, Daniel M. (1988).
641:"대한그리스도인회보 (大韓Kristos人會報)"
383:Davies, Daniel M. (1988).
320:For a full biography see:
173:. After that, he attended
160:Methodist Episcopal Church
1597:American Methodist clergy
725:Retrieved 13 October 2023
674:Retrieved 13 October 2023
191:Alice Rebecca Appenzeller
185:, he joined the overseas
183:Drew Theological Seminary
175:Drew Theological Seminary
139:Background and early life
98:Henry Gerhard Appenzeller
39:
34:Henry Gerhard Appenzeller
859:Korea Baptist Convention
854:Anglican Church of Korea
181:. During his studies at
1582:20th-century Methodists
1577:19th-century Methodists
1496:Siméon-François Berneux
1413:Russian Orthodox Church
879:Korean Methodist Church
594:(in Korean). 2023-11-07
486:Davies, Daniel (1992).
293:Korean Methodist Church
277:United Methodist Church
223:Korean Methodist Church
145:Souderton, Pennsylvania
63:Souderton, Pennsylvania
1612:Drew University alumni
1403:Korean Orthodox Church
1168:Ko-Ryu-Anti-Accusation
324:William Elliot Griffis
308:
246:
206:
149:German Reformed Church
1587:American evangelicals
817:Christianity in Korea
354:Christianity in Korea
306:
241:
235:on February 2, 1897.
204:
1486:Barthélemy Bruguière
1178:HapDongChongShin II.
475:. Fleming H. Revell.
18:Henry G. Appenzeller
1511:Horace Newton Allen
1456:Interdenominational
1173:HapDongChongShin I.
685:Empress Myeongseong
344:William D. Reynolds
289:Empress Myeongseong
219:Pai Chai University
117:William B. Scranton
113:Horace G. Underwood
1607:Deaths by drowning
1536:Ambrosios Zografos
1311:GaeHyukHapDong III
309:
247:
207:
179:theological school
1544:
1543:
1516:Henry Appenzeller
1451:
1450:
1378:
1377:
1276:GaeHyukHapDong II
1201:JeongTongGyeSeung
1103:JeongTongChongHap
495:Methodist History
339:James Scarth Gale
94:
93:
16:(Redirected from
1659:
1531:Sotirios Trambas
1521:Mary F. Scranton
1439:
1391:
1271:GaeHyukHapDong I
1261:HapDongYeChong I
1236:HapDongBoSu III.
1113:HapDongJeongShin
1008:HapDongChongShin
940:
810:
803:
796:
787:
782:
763:
726:
720:
714:
713:
711:
709:
693:
687:
681:
675:
664:
658:
657:
655:
654:
637:
631:
630:
628:
627:
609:
603:
602:
600:
599:
584:
578:
577:
575:
574:
560:
554:
553:
517:
511:
510:
508:
506:
492:
483:
477:
476:
468:
459:
458:
452:
444:
435:
427:
421:
420:
408:
397:
396:
380:
127:Christianity to
121:Mary F. Scranton
77:
59:February 6, 1858
58:
56:
44:
30:
21:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1474:
1457:
1447:
1433:
1407:
1385:
1374:
1340:
1286:HapDongJangShin
1266:HapDongSeongHoe
1241:HapDongBoSu II.
1231:HapDongBoSu IV.
1216:HapDongBoSu II.
1197:HapDongChongHoe
1183:HapDongSeungHoe
1123:HapDongEunChong
1108:HapDongChungYun
1013:HapDongChunTong
949:
947:
944:
938:
842:
819:
814:
766:
752:
739:
730:
729:
721:
717:
707:
705:
695:
694:
690:
682:
678:
665:
661:
652:
650:
639:
638:
634:
625:
623:
611:
610:
606:
597:
595:
586:
585:
581:
572:
570:
562:
561:
557:
534:10.2307/3167795
519:
518:
514:
504:
502:
490:
485:
484:
480:
470:
469:
462:
450:
446:
445:
438:
428:
424:
410:
409:
400:
382:
381:
377:
372:
335:
318:
285:
252:
199:
141:
109:Horace N. Allen
82:
79:
75:
66:
60:
54:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1665:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1388:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1370:Chilgol Church
1367:
1362:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1281:HapDongGaeHyuk
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1256:DaeHanShinChuk
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1226:HapDongHwanWon
1223:
1218:
1213:
1211:HapDongBoSu I.
1208:
1206:HapDongTongHap
1203:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1158:HapDongYeChong
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1063:JapDongJungAng
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
973:Fundamentalist
970:
965:
960:
954:
952:
937:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
850:
848:
844:
843:
841:
840:
835:
829:
827:
821:
820:
815:
813:
812:
805:
798:
790:
784:
783:
764:
751:978-0889460690
750:
737:
728:
727:
715:
688:
676:
659:
632:
612:정, 진석; 최, 진우.
604:
579:
555:
522:Church History
512:
478:
460:
457:on 2012-08-03.
436:
422:
398:
374:
373:
371:
368:
367:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
334:
331:
317:
314:
284:
281:
251:
248:
198:
195:
158:He joined the
140:
137:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
78:(aged 44)
72:
68:
67:
61:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1664:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1526:Karl Gützlaff
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1506:Charles Corfe
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:organisations
1454:
1443:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1381:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1365:Bongsu Church
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:BoSuJeongTong
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:HapDongYunHap
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
955:
953:
951:
941:
935:
932:
930:
929:Victory Altar
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
851:
849:
847:Protestantism
845:
839:
836:
834:
831:
830:
828:
826:
822:
818:
811:
806:
804:
799:
797:
792:
791:
788:
780:
776:
772:
771:
765:
761:
757:
753:
747:
743:
738:
735:
732:
731:
724:
719:
716:
703:
699:
692:
689:
686:
680:
677:
673:
669:
663:
660:
648:
647:
642:
636:
633:
621:
620:
615:
608:
605:
593:
589:
583:
580:
569:
565:
559:
556:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
516:
513:
500:
496:
489:
482:
479:
474:
467:
465:
461:
456:
449:
443:
441:
437:
434:
433:
426:
423:
418:
414:
407:
405:
403:
399:
394:
390:
386:
379:
376:
369:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
336:
332:
330:
328:
325:
321:
315:
313:
305:
301:
299:
294:
290:
282:
280:
278:
274:
270:
265:
264:Kumagawa Maru
261:
260:Kumagawa Maru
257:
249:
245:
240:
236:
234:
233:
228:
224:
220:
215:
212:
203:
197:Work in Korea
196:
194:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
161:
156:
154:
150:
146:
138:
136:
134:
133:New Testament
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
89:
85:
74:June 11, 1902
73:
69:
64:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1515:
1479:Missionaries
1326:HapDongYeSun
1246:ChongHoe II.
1133:HapDongJinRi
1018:HapDongBokUm
946:Presbyterian
943:Branches of
769:
741:
733:
718:
706:. Retrieved
701:
691:
679:
667:
662:
651:. Retrieved
644:
635:
624:. Retrieved
617:
607:
596:. Retrieved
591:
582:
571:. Retrieved
567:
558:
525:
521:
515:
503:. Retrieved
501:(4): 195–205
498:
494:
481:
455:the original
431:
425:
392:
388:
378:
326:
322:
319:
310:
286:
263:
259:
253:
242:Cenotaph at
230:
216:
208:
157:
142:
97:
95:
76:(1902-06-11)
1562:1902 deaths
1557:1858 births
1434: [
1347:North Korea
1316:DokNoHoe II
1296:ChongHoe II
1251:TongHapBoSu
1221:DaeShin II.
1098:BoSuTongHap
1093:SungHapChuk
1088:HapDongBoSu
1068:YeJangHapBo
1028:BoSuHapDong
825:Catholicism
704:. The Relay
649:(in Korean)
622:(in Korean)
123:introduced
81:South Korea
1652:Koreanists
1551:Categories
1301:ChongHoe I
1118:HanGukBoSu
1073:DaeShin II
978:GaeHyuk I.
653:2024-02-11
626:2024-02-11
598:2023-12-17
573:2023-12-17
395:: 197–230.
370:References
187:missionary
125:Protestant
105:missionary
87:Occupation
55:1858-02-06
1386:Orthodoxy
1291:HoHun III
948:Church of
708:11 August
614:"신문 (新聞)"
550:153797655
417:216002980
316:Biography
168:Methodist
164:Lancaster
102:Methodist
1306:HyukShin
1193:PyungAhn
1163:ChanYang
1148:JangShin
1128:DongShin
1058:DokNoHoe
1043:JeongRip
1023:ChanYang
760:15550759
413:ProQuest
333:See also
298:Pai Chai
269:cenotaph
171:preacher
1384:Eastern
1188:JungRip
1143:YunShin
1078:BupTong
1053:HwanWon
1003:Daeshin
998:JungAng
993:KoRyuPa
963:TongHap
958:HapDong
779:2538206
542:3167795
505:22 July
1331:JaeGun
1153:SunGyo
1083:NamBuk
1038:YeJong
988:KoShin
777:
758:
748:
548:
540:
415:
283:Legacy
119:, and
1442:ROCOR
1438:]
1048:Logos
1033:BokUm
983:Jesus
950:Korea
546:S2CID
538:JSTOR
491:(PDF)
451:(PDF)
256:Mokpo
250:Death
211:Seoul
129:Korea
96:Rev.
775:OCLC
756:OCLC
746:ISBN
710:2017
507:2015
389:동방학지
177:, a
71:Died
65:, US
49:Born
1345:In
592:더미션
530:doi
162:in
1553::
1436:ru
754:.
700:.
643:.
616:.
566:.
544:.
536:.
526:61
524:.
499:30
497:.
493:.
463:^
439:^
401:^
393:57
391:.
387:.
225:,
135:.
115:,
111:,
1444:)
1440:(
809:e
802:t
795:v
781:.
762:.
712:.
656:.
629:.
601:.
576:.
552:.
532::
509:.
419:.
57:)
53:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
