995:
976:
1038:
1026:
1054:
1007:
40:
957:
816:
712:
1184:, the sultan embraced and kissed the German duke, reminding him that they were blood cousins ('amplexans et deosculans eum, dicens, eum consanguineum suum esse'). When the duke asked for details of this relationship, Kilij Arslan II informed him that 'a noble lady from the land of Germans married a king of Russia who had a daughter by her; this daughter's daughter arrived to our land, and I descend from her.'
607:
586:, and spending Easter of that year in Constantinople. By December 1172, he was back in Bavaria and, in 1174, he refused to aid Frederick in a renewed invasion of Lombardy because he was preoccupied with securing his own borders in the east. He did not consider these Italian adventures worth the effort, unless Barbarossa presented Henry with the Saxon
532:
437:
723:
Barbarossa's expedition into
Lombardy ultimately ended in failure. He bitterly resented Henry for failing to support him. Taking advantage of the hostility of other German princes to Henry, who had successfully established a powerful state comprising Saxony, Bavaria and substantial territories in the
1110:
while on pilgrimage. He joins the lion in its fight and they slay the dragon. The faithful lion then accompanies Henry on his return home. After its master's death, the lion refuses all food and dies of grief on Henry's grave. The people of
Brunswick then erect a statue in the lion's honour. The
734:
Declaring that
Imperial law overruled traditional German law, the court had Henry stripped of his lands and declared him an outlaw. Frederick then invaded Saxony with an Imperial army to bring Henry to his knees. Henry's allies deserted him, and he finally had to submit in November 1181 at an
1801:
1142:
where purportedly a treasure was kept. However, the night before the attack the poorly maintained monastery and its treasures crumble into the sea as the result of a storm, and henceforth constituting a loss to the military expedition.
975:
547:. He divorced her in 1162, apparently under pressure from Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, who did not cherish Guelphish possessions in his home area and offered Henry several fortresses in Saxony in exchange. In 1168, Henry married
774:, again defeated Duke Henry, but in 1194, with his end approaching, he made his peace with the Emperor, and returned to his much diminished lands around Brunswick, where he peacefully sponsored arts and architecture.
570:
and the popes, several times turning the tide of battle in
Frederick's favor with his Saxon knights. During Frederick's first invasion of northern Italy, Henry took part, among the others, in the victorious sieges of
994:
1037:
1006:
2761:
1025:
1731:
1471:
2746:
2726:
1927:
875:
1795:
2766:
566:
Henry faithfully supported
Emperor Frederick in his attempts to solidify his hold on the Imperial Crown and his repeated wars with the cities of
2721:
1805:
1671:
1637:
827:
548:
209:
2464:
856:
251:
365:. Henry achieved this great power in part by his political and military acumen and in part through the legacies of his four grandparents.
1897:
116:
2751:
2174:
956:
449:
Henry the Lion did not relinquish his claims to his inheritance, and Conrad returned Saxony to him in 1142. A participant in the 1147
1559:
Combellack, C. R. B. (1955), "Die Sage von
Heinrich dem Löwen. Ihr Ursprung, Ihre Entwicklung und Ihre Überlieferung by Karl Hoppe",
1755:
1693:
1388:
1304:
1276:
1116:
736:
698:
2741:
2685:
2472:
842:
246:
334:
dynasty succeeded in isolating him and eventually deprived him of his duchies of
Bavaria and Saxony during the reign of Emperor
2756:
2524:
1016:
628:
394:
2414:
1920:
755:
in Mainz, probably as a mediator for his father-in-law Henry II. He was exiled again in 1188. His wife
Matilda died in 1189.
679:
632:
1053:
651:
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2126:
897:
390:
296:
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1417:
2711:
2572:
2540:
2438:
2262:
2230:
2190:
2078:
771:
339:
1267:
Sterns, Indrikis (1985). "The
Teutonic Knights in the Crusader States". In Zacour, Norman P.; Hazard, Harry W. (eds.).
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45:
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Geschichte des groĂźen Helden und
Herzogen Heinrich des Löwen und seiner wunderbaren höchst gefährlichen Reise
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331:
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2022:
1998:
1957:
835:
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560:
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454:
398:
335:
1595:
Der Herrscher als Löwe: Ursprung und Gebrauch eines politischen Symbols im Früh- und Hochmittelalter
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1880:
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as punishment for its disloyalty. Only the churches were left standing. Barbarossa's son, Emperor
476:(1159); he also founded and developed numerous other cities in Northern Germany and Bavaria, a.o.
2054:
1962:
1952:
1809:
1725:
1576:
985:
716:
587:
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policy and turned Brunswick Cathedral and Henry's tomb into a "National Place of Consecration".
1445:
345:
At the height of his reign, Henry ruled over a vast territory stretching from the coast of the
2102:
2014:
1977:
1751:
1689:
1667:
1633:
1384:
1300:
1272:
1087:
766:, Henry returned to Saxony, mobilized an army of his faithful, and conquered the rich city of
752:
725:
442:
233:
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2086:
1967:
1947:
1659:
1568:
1170:
1135:
815:
672:
462:
882:
Three other children are listed, by some sources, as having belonged to Henry and Matilda:
743:. He was exiled from Germany in 1182 for three years, and stayed with his father-in-law in
2110:
1887:
1610:
Kaleidoskop der Mächtigen: Randglossen zu überlieferten Mythen und Episoden der Geschichte
1376:
1173:
763:
579:
450:
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378:
308:
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88:
71:
39:
917:
17:
711:
1972:
1860:
1510:
1501:
1120:
1103:
869:
572:
513:
53:
2705:
2326:
2070:
1824:
1181:
517:
276:
420:
had dispossessed Henry the Proud of his duchies in 1138 and 1139, handing Saxony to
1771:
1082:
963:
938:
509:
410:
324:
151:
1627:
1647:
1138:
opens with an allegory of a planned ransack by Henry's army of the monastery at
924:
896:
By his lover, Ida von Blieskastel, he had a daughter, Matilda, who married Lord
606:
497:
330:
Henry was one of the most powerful German princes of his time, until the rival
1112:
1095:
946:
941:
493:
481:
374:
358:
350:
135:
1781:
912:
is preserved in near-mint condition from the year 1170; it is located in the
428:. This was because Henry the Proud had been his rival for the Crown in 1138.
1786:
1664:
Princely Brother and Sisters: The Sibling Bond in German Politics, 1100–1250
1177:
1099:
767:
578:
In 1172, Henry took a pilgrimage to Jerusalem (June–July), meeting with the
501:
362:
346:
1505:
473:
1787:
Deposition of Henry the Lion. (from Frederick I) – Encyclopædia Britannica
2118:
1422:
1070:
967:
928:
744:
567:
505:
477:
416:
Henry's father died in 1139, aged 32, when Henry was still a child. King
406:
402:
1580:
748:
382:
271:
1269:
A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on the Near East
531:
436:
1139:
1124:
1107:
740:
590:
544:
489:
469:
1572:
1111:
legend of Henry the Lion also inspired the Czech tale of the knight
1106:. According to legend, Henry witnessed a fight between a lion and a
1905:
1782:
The fall of Henry the Lion (from Germany) – Encyclopædia Britannica
1078:
1052:
935:, was used in Brunswick to raise funds for the German war effort.
814:
710:
530:
485:
453:, Henry also reacquired Bavaria by a decision of the new emperor,
435:
1069:
Shortly after his death, Henry the Lion became the subject of a
731:
for insubordination by a court of bishops and princes in 1180.
521:
354:
2486:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Landshut: 1353–1375; Upper: 1363)
1909:
1597:(in German), Cologne / Weimar: Böhlau Verlag, pp. 163–164
719:, Erfurt, where Henry the Lion submitted to Barbarossa in 1181
600:
516:, his heraldic animal, erected in the courtyard of his castle
923:
Henry the Lion remains a popular figure to this day. During
1359:
1357:
1355:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1802:
Charter given by Henry to monastery Volkenroda, 31.1.1174
1718:
Heinrich der Löwe und seine Zeit. Katalog der Ausstellung
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1777:
Henry the Lion. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
1508:[Henry the Lion – The Brothers' Grimm version].
1169:, he was present at the meeting of Henry the Lion with
381:, duke of Bavaria and Saxony, who was the heir of the
1342:
1340:
27:
Duke of Saxony (r. 1142–80) and Bavaria (r. 1156–80)
2656:(Munich: 1460–1508; Landshut: 1503–1508; 1508–1550)
2504:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1404)
2495:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1388)
845:(or Richenza) (1172–1204), who married first Count
747:before being allowed back into Germany in 1185. At
292:
282:
270:
232:
169:
157:
141:
126:
122:
112:
102:
94:
87:
77:
67:
59:
52:
32:
2451:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1351; Landshut: 1373–1379)
1709:The Early History of the House of Savoy: 1000–1233
440:Contemporary depiction of Henry the Lion from the
1712:. Cambridge University Press. p. 329 note 3.
1057:Henry and his lion (title page illustration from
944:later declared Henry an antecessor of the Nazi's
543:, thereby gaining her hereditary territories in
1804:. Photograph taken from the collections of the
1629:Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia
724:north and east of Germany, Frederick had Henry
1271:. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 319.
1921:
1319:
520:in 1166—the first bronze statue north of the
8:
2600:(Landshut: 1393–1450; Ingolstadt: 1447–1450)
1102:. A popular part of the tale deals with the
315:; 1129/1131 – 6 August 1195), also known as
1000:Henry the Lion's Fountain (1874), Brunswick
635:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1928:
1914:
1906:
1815:
1730:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1077:. The tale was later also turned into the
38:
29:
2762:Military personnel from Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
2552:(Munich: 1397–1438; Straubing: 1429–1438)
2544:(Munich: 1397–1435; Straubing: 1429–1435)
1792:MSN Encarta – Multimedia – Henry the Lion
1363:
1290:
1288:
715:The now-secularised St Peter's Church at
699:Learn how and when to remove this message
1806:Lichtbildarchiv älterer Originalurkunden
1383:. Johns Hopkins University. p. 46.
1228:
1297:The Routledge Companion to the Crusades
1243:"Henry III, duke of Bavaria and Saxony"
1196:
1152:
1094:details a fictional account of Henry's
952:
876:William of Winchester, Lord of LĂĽneburg
323:(ruled 1156-1180), was a member of the
224: 1168; died 1189)
2624:(Munich: 1460–1467; Dachau: 1467–1501)
1723:
1720:. Vol. Bd. 2. Braunschweig. 1995.
830:(married 1168), daughter of King
819:Wedding to Matilda as depicted in the
512:. In Brunswick, his capital, he had a
401:, heiress of the Saxon territories of
1418:"Barbarossas Staatsfeind Nummer eins"
377:, in 1129 or 1131, he was the son of
338:and of Frederick's son and successor
7:
1403:
1381:Aristocratic Life in Medieval France
1346:
1331:
857:Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
797:(1155–1197), who married first Duke
633:adding citations to reliable sources
252:Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
1043:Henry the Lion Monument in Schwerin
1031:Henry the Lion Monument in Schwerin
2576:(1375–1392; Ingolstadt: 1392–1413)
1772:Henry the Lion on Encyclopedia.com
1534:"Enrico Leone (Heinrich der Löwe)"
1176:during the former's pilgrimage to
790:and Clemence of Namur, Henry had:
786:(divorced 1162), daughter of Duke
551:(1156–1189), the daughter of King
535:Henry's duchies Saxony and Bavaria
25:
2747:Christians of the Wendish Crusade
2727:People from Ravensburg (district)
1652:The Chronicle of Arnold of LĂĽbeck
1514:(in German). Projekt Gutenberg-DE
931:depicting Henry the Lion, called
889:Ingibiorg (born 1180); died young
2560:(1375–1392; Landshut: 1392–1393)
1036:
1024:
1005:
993:
974:
955:
605:
593:: a request Barbarossa refused.
461:was not returned and became the
196:
1416:Heine, Matthias (31 May 2008).
1017:Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum
886:Eleanor (born 1178); died young
221:
192:
2767:Burials at Brunswick Cathedral
2648:(Munich: 1465–1505; 1505–1508)
2568:(1375–1392; Munich: 1392–1397)
1:
2722:12th-century dukes of Bavaria
2460:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1361)
2442:(Upper: 1301–1340; 1340–1347)
2354:(1253–1255; Upper: 1255–1294)
1626:Emmerson, Richard K. (2013).
1061:'s retelling of the folktale
898:Henry Borwin I of Mecklenburg
130:
1666:. Cornell University Press.
1180:in 1172. When they met near
2573:Stephen III the Magnificent
1748:Henry the Lion. A Biography
1612:(in German), pp. 64–67
988:(awarded from 1834 to 1918)
866:Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
528:built close to the statue.
393:, only daughter of Emperor
257:Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
2783:
2407:Henry XV the Natternberger
2394:(Upper: Regent: 1294–1302)
1299:. Routledge. p. 151.
920:, a town in Lower Saxony.
405:and the properties of the
321:Henry XII, Duke of Bavaria
297:Gertrude of SĂĽpplingenburg
242:Gertrude, Queen of Denmark
2752:12th-century Saxon people
2456:Louis V the Brandenburger
1986:
1943:
1894:
1885:
1877:
1867:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1818:
1115:, which is depicted on a
821:Gospels of Henry the Lion
808:Richenza (c. 1157 – 1167)
468:Henry was the founder of
317:Henry III, Duke of Saxony
46:Gospels of Henry the Lion
37:
18:Henry III, Duke of Saxony
2670:Albert V the Magnanimous
2653:William IV the Steadfast
2589:Louis VIII the Hunchback
2167:Henry II the Quarrelsome
1686:Love, War, and the Grail
1608:Pollach, GĂĽnter (2011),
1247:Encyclopaedia Britannica
984:, order of merit of the
457:, in 1156. However, the
287:Henry X, Duke of Bavaria
2742:Medieval child monarchs
2592:(Ingolstadt: 1443–1445)
2584:(Ingolstadt: 1413–1443)
982:Order of Henry the Lion
862:Lothar (c. 1174 – 1190)
851:Enguerrand III of Coucy
539:In 1147, Henry married
2757:People from Ravensburg
2536:(Straubing: 1417-1425)
2528:(Straubing: 1417-1429)
2520:(Straubing: 1404–1417)
2512:(Straubing: 1389–1397)
2258:(1070–1077, 1096–1101)
2234:(1053–1054, 1055–1061)
2202:(1004–1009, 1017–1026)
1688:. Brill. p. 129.
1561:Comparative Literature
1066:
962:Henry the Lion on the
892:Son (b. & d. 1182)
847:Geoffrey III of Perche
823:
799:Frederick IV of Swabia
784:Clementia of Zähringen
720:
541:Clementia of Zähringen
536:
446:
319:(ruled 1142-1180) and
312:
181:Clementia of Zähringen
2640:(Landshut: 1479–1503)
2632:(Landshut: 1450–1479)
2581:Louis VII the Bearded
2533:John III the Pitiless
2194:(995–1004, 1009–1017)
2183:Henry III the Younger
2103:Louis III the Younger
1812:showing Henry's seal.
1746:Jordan, Karl (1986).
1593:Jäckel, Dirk (2006),
1472:"About the Cathedral"
1450:Vernetztes Gedächtnis
1322:, p. 329 note 3.
1132:The Pope's Rhinoceros
1056:
914:Herzog August Library
818:
811:Henry, who died young
788:Conrad I of Zähringen
751:1184, he visited the
714:
559:, and sister of King
534:
439:
389:. Henry's mother was
262:William of Winchester
2557:Frederick I the Wise
2343:Otto the Illustrious
2303:Henry XI Jasomirgott
1704:Previté-Orton, C. W.
1295:Lock, Peter (2013).
1171:Seljuk Sultan of Rûm
1086:by Italian composer
1049:Folklore and fiction
910:Henry the Lion Bible
836:Eleanor of Aquitaine
826:By his second wife,
803:Canute VI of Denmark
760:Frederick Barbarossa
629:improve this section
561:Richard I of England
557:Eleanor of Aquitaine
455:Frederick Barbarossa
336:Frederick Barbarossa
195: 1147;
2712:12th-century births
2678:William V the Pious
2616:(Munich: 1460–1463)
2608:(Munich: 1438–1460)
2351:Louis II the Strict
2330:(Regent: 1183–1191)
2130:(Margrave: 895–907)
2122:(Margrave: 890–895)
2087:Louis II the German
1750:. Clarendon Press.
1506:"Heinrich der Löwe"
1446:"Heinrich der Löwe"
1059:Karl Joseph Simrock
832:Henry II of England
782:By his first wife,
584:Knights Hospitaller
553:Henry II of England
526:Brunswick Cathedral
163:Brunswick Cathedral
2645:Albert IV the Wise
2597:Henry XVI the Rich
2468:(Upper: 1361–1363)
2434:(Lower: 1339–1340)
2426:(Lower: 1310–1339)
2418:(Lower: 1310–1334)
2410:(Lower: 1312–1333)
2402:(Upper: 1294–1317)
2386:(Lower: 1290–1312)
2378:(Lower: 1290–1310)
2370:(Lower: 1290–1296)
2362:(Lower: 1253–1290)
2311:Henry XII the Lion
2279:Henry IX the Black
2170:(955–976, 985–995)
1963:Bavaria-Ingolstadt
1810:Marburg University
1482:on 23 January 2018
1476:Braunschweiger Dom
1320:Previté-Orton 1912
1241:Jordan, Karl H.E.
1067:
986:Duchy of Brunswick
824:
721:
717:Petersberg Citadel
537:
447:
426:Leopold of Austria
210:Matilda of England
2697:
2696:
2637:George I the Rich
2629:Louis IX the Rich
1978:Bavaria-Straubing
1904:
1903:
1895:Succeeded by
1868:Succeeded by
1673:978-0-8014-5130-0
1660:Lyon, Jonathan R.
1639:978-1-136-77518-5
1166:Chronica Slavorum
1088:Agostino Steffani
1013:Eiserner Heinrich
933:Eiserner Heinrich
753:Diet of Pentecost
709:
708:
701:
683:
443:Historia Welforum
369:Family background
313:Heinrich der Löwe
302:
301:
247:Matilda of Saxony
149:(aged 65–66)
44:Depiction in the
16:(Redirected from
2774:
2431:John I the Child
2319:Otto the Redhead
2247:Otto of Nordheim
1968:Bavaria-Landshut
1948:Duchy of Bavaria
1937:Dukes of Bavaria
1930:
1923:
1916:
1907:
1892:1156–1180
1878:Preceded by
1865:1142–1180
1851:Preceded by
1841:
1834:
1816:
1761:
1735:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1699:
1682:Nicholson, Helen
1677:
1655:
1643:
1614:
1613:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1556:
1550:
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1547:
1545:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1478:. Archived from
1468:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1377:Baldwin, John W.
1373:
1367:
1361:
1350:
1344:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1292:
1283:
1282:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1185:
1161:Arnold of LĂĽbeck
1157:
1136:Lawrence Norfolk
1073:, the so-called
1040:
1028:
1009:
997:
978:
959:
872:(c. 1175 – 1218)
859:(c. 1173 – 1227)
704:
697:
693:
690:
684:
682:
648:"Henry the Lion"
641:
609:
601:
524:. Later, he had
463:Duchy of Austria
225:
223:
200:
198:
194:
148:
132:
42:
30:
21:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2732:Dukes of Saxony
2702:
2701:
2698:
2693:
2114:(King: 882–887)
2111:Charles the Fat
2106:(King: 880–882)
2098:(King: 876–880)
2090:(King: 817–843)
1982:
1939:
1934:
1900:
1891:
1888:Duke of Bavaria
1883:
1873:
1864:
1856:
1854:Albert the Bear
1835:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1820:Henry the Lion
1768:
1758:
1745:
1742:
1740:Further reading
1722:
1716:
1702:
1696:
1680:
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1859:
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1708:
1685:
1663:
1654:. Routledge.
1651:
1628:
1609:
1603:
1594:
1588:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1542:. Retrieved
1537:
1528:
1516:. Retrieved
1509:
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1480:the original
1475:
1466:
1454:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1421:
1411:
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1380:
1371:
1327:
1315:
1296:
1268:
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1246:
1236:
1164:
1155:
1131:
1129:
1091:
1083:Enrico Leone
1081:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1012:
964:coat of arms
945:
937:
932:
922:
918:WolfenbĂĽttel
907:
895:
881:
834:and Duchess
825:
781:
762:went on the
757:
733:
727:
722:
695:
689:January 2023
686:
676:
669:
662:
655:
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627:Please help
615:
577:
565:
555:and Duchess
538:
467:
448:
441:
415:
409:, counts of
397:and Empress
372:
353:seas to the
344:
332:Hohenstaufen
329:
325:Welf dynasty
304:
303:
147:(1195-08-06)
2717:1195 deaths
2689:(1597–1623)
2681:(1579–1597)
2673:(1550–1579)
2665:(1516–1545)
2541:William III
2477:(1347–1365)
2346:(1231–1253)
2338:(1183–1231)
2322:(1180–1183)
2314:(1156–1180)
2306:(1143–1156)
2298:(1139–1141)
2290:(1126–1138)
2282:(1120–1126)
2274:(1101–1120)
2266:(1077–1096)
2250:(1061–1070)
2242:(1054–1055)
2226:(1049–1053)
2218:(1042–1047)
2210:(1026–1042)
2079:Tassilo III
2018:(c.680–716)
2007:Garibald II
1871:Bernard III
1798:2009-10-31)
1540:(in German)
1452:(in German)
1426:(in German)
1019:, Brunswick
925:World War I
878:(1184–1213)
728:in absentia
575:and Milan.
514:bronze lion
472:(1157) and
357:, and from
103:Predecessor
82:Bernard III
68:Predecessor
2706:Categories
2605:Albert III
2525:Jacqueline
2517:William II
2482:Stephen II
2465:Meinhard I
2359:Henry XIII
2263:Henry VIII
2231:Henry VIII
2039:Tassilo II
1991:Garibald I
1192:References
1134:(1996) by
1096:pilgrimage
947:Lebensraum
942:propaganda
659:newspapers
482:Hildesheim
418:Conrad III
395:Lothair II
375:Ravensburg
359:Westphalia
136:Ravensburg
2621:Sigismund
2509:Albert II
2491:William I
2423:Henry XIV
2399:Rudolph I
2375:Stephen I
2367:Louis III
2295:Leopold I
2239:Conrad II
2215:Henry VII
2186:(983–985)
2178:(976–982)
2162:(947–955)
2154:(938–947)
2146:(937–938)
2138:(907–937)
2082:(748–788)
2066:(736–748)
2058:(725–736)
2050:(715–725)
2023:Theodbert
2010:(610–625)
2002:(591–610)
1999:Tassilo I
1994:(555–591)
1833:1129/1131
1726:cite book
1404:Lyon 2013
1347:Loud 2019
1332:Lyon 2013
1178:Jerusalem
1130:The book
1100:Holy Land
768:Bardowick
616:does not
510:Brunswick
502:Salzwedel
459:East Mark
411:Brunswick
385:, former
363:Pomerania
152:Brunswick
113:Successor
98:1156–1180
78:Successor
63:1142–1180
2500:Albert I
2473:Louis VI
2439:Louis IV
2383:Otto III
2223:Conrad I
2207:Henry VI
2191:Henry IV
2151:Berthold
2143:Eberhard
2127:Luitpold
2119:Engeldeo
2095:Carloman
2047:Grimoald
2031:Theobald
1881:Henry XI
1796:Archived
1706:(1912).
1684:(2001).
1662:(2013).
1650:(2019).
1538:Klassica
1423:Die Welt
1379:(2002).
1252:22 March
1113:BruncvĂk
1071:folktale
1015:(1915),
968:Schwerin
929:nail man
795:Gertrude
778:Children
772:Henry VI
745:Normandy
568:Lombardy
506:Schwerin
498:LĂĽneburg
478:Augsburg
407:Brunones
403:Northeim
399:Richenza
391:Gertrude
383:Billungs
373:Born in
340:Henry VI
107:Henry XI
2663:, Duke
2661:Louis X
2613:John IV
2565:John II
2415:Otto VI
2391:Matilda
2335:Louis I
2287:Henry X
2271:Welf II
2199:Henry V
2159:Henry I
2055:Hugbert
1620:Sources
1581:1769130
1098:to the
1065:(1844))
843:Matilda
828:Matilda
749:Whitsun
673:scholar
637:removed
622:sources
549:Matilda
494:GĂĽstrow
226:
218:
214:
201:
189:
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2447:Otto V
2255:Welf I
2175:Otto I
2135:Arnulf
2015:Theodo
1898:Otto I
1836:
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1670:
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1579:
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1125:Prague
1117:column
1108:dragon
1090:. The
904:Legacy
741:Erfurt
726:tried
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654:
646:
591:Goslar
545:Swabia
490:Kassel
474:LĂĽbeck
470:Munich
351:Baltic
309:German
293:Mother
283:Father
170:Spouse
158:Burial
117:Otto I
2074:(748)
2071:Grifo
2063:Odilo
1838:Died:
1831:Born:
1577:JSTOR
1544:9 May
1486:9 May
1456:9 May
1430:9 May
1147:Notes
1079:opera
758:When
680:JSTOR
666:books
573:Crema
486:Stade
347:North
272:House
234:Issue
220:(
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1752:ISBN
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1488:2013
1458:2013
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1385:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1273:ISBN
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