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to visit
Einstein, who was relatively unknown in ZĂŒrich in 1909, so people said: "Einstein must be a clever fellow if the great Nernst comes all the way from Berlin to ZĂŒrich to talk to him." Nernst and Planck lobbied to establish a special professorship in Berlin and Nernst donated to its endowment.
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of the filament results in conduction. The glower operates best in wavelengths from 2 to 14 micrometers. It gives a bright light but only after a warm-up period. Nernst sold the patent for one million marks, wisely not opting for royalties because soon the tungsten filament lamp filled with inert gas
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Nernst was mechanically minded in that he was always thinking of ways to apply new discoveries to industry. His hobbies included hunting and fishing. His friend Albert
Einstein was amused by "his childlike vanity and self-complacency" "His own study and laboratory always presented aspects of extreme
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In 1933, Nernst learned that a colleague, with whom he had hoped to collaborate, had been dismissed from the department because he was a Jew. Nernst immediately taxied to see Haber to request a position in his
Institute, which was not controlled by the government, only to learn that Haber was moving
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In 1914, the
Nernsts were entertaining co-workers and students they had brought to their country estate in a private railway car when they learned that war had been declared. Their two older sons entered the army, while father enlisted in the voluntary driver's corps. He supported the German army
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was introduced. With his riches, Nernst in 1898 bought the first of the eighteen automobiles he owned during his lifetime and a country estate of more than five hundred hectares for hunting. He increased the power of his early automobiles by carrying a cylinder of
1007:" (Ger., Die theoretischen und experimentellen Grundlagen des neuen WĂ€rmesatzes). Halle W. Knapp, 1918 . [ed., this is a list of thermodynamical papers from the physico-chemical institute of the University of Berlin (1906â1916); Translation available by Guy Barr
789:, he proposed the atomic chain reaction theory. It stated that when a reaction in which free atoms are formed that can decompose target molecules into more free atoms would result in a chain reaction. His theory is closely related to the natural process of
561:: that a magnetic field applied perpendicular to a metallic conductor in a temperature gradient gives rise to an electrical potential difference, reciprocally, an electric potential difference produces a thermal gradient. Next, he moved to the
887:, Poland). He was buried three times. He was buried the first time near the place of his death. However, his remains were moved to Berlin, where he was buried a second time. Finally they were moved again and buried near the graves of
769:. When the high command was considering unleashing unrestricted submarine warfare, he asked the Kaiser for an opportunity to warn about the enormous potential of the United States as an adversary. They would not listen, General
735:, On 21 August 1914, he drove documents from Berlin to the commander of the German right wing in France, advancing with them for two weeks until he could see the glow of the Paris lights at night. The tide turned at the
922:, was establishing the foundations of a new theoretical and experimental field of inquiry within chemistry and suggested setting fire to unused coal seams to increase the global temperature. He was a vocal critic of
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for 1921â1922. He set up an agency to channel government and private funds to young scientists and declined becoming
Ambassador to the United States. For two unhappy years, he was the president of the
703:
In 1913 they traveled to
Switzerland to persuade Einstein to accept it; a dream job: a named professorship at the top university in Germany, without teaching duties, leaving him free for research.
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for the electrical potential generated by unequal concentrations of an ion separated by a membrane that is permeable to the ion. His equation is widely used in cell physiology and neurobiology.
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743:, the staff officer responsible for munitions, with the idea of driving the defenders out of their trenches with shells releasing tear gas. When his idea was tried one of the observers was
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505:, Poland) to Gustav Nernst (1827â1888) and Ottilie Nerger (1833â1876). His father was a country judge. Nernst had three older sisters and one younger brother. His third sister died of
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to
England. Soon, Nernst was in trouble for declining to fill out a government form on his racial origins. He retired from his professorship but was sacked from the board of the
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cloud attack on 22 April 1915 was not supported by a strong infantry thrust, so the chance that gas would break the stalemate was irrevocably gone. Nernst was awarded the
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then in use was dim and expensive because it required a vacuum in its bulb. Nernst invented a solid-body radiator with a filament of rare-earth oxides, known as the
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remains above zero. This is the work for which he is best remembered, as it enabled chemists to determine free energies (and therefore equilibrium points) of
1351:
Van der Kloot, W. (2004). "April 1918: Five Future Nobel prize-winners inaugurate weapons of mass destruction and the academic-industrial-military complex".
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584:. Nernst moved there as an assistant, working on the thermodynamics of electrical currents in solutions. Promoted to lecturer, he taught briefly at the
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for the
Advancement of the Sciences with an initial capital of eleven million marks. Nernst's laboratory discovered that at low temperatures
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816:(National Physical Laboratory), where he could not cope with the "mixture of mediocrity and red tape". In 1924, he became director of the
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Nernst married Emma
Lohmeyer in 1892 with whom he had two sons and three daughters. Both of Nernst's sons died fighting in World War I.
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In 1927, the decrease in specific heat at low temperatures was extended to gases. He studied the theories of cosmic rays and cosmology.
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40:
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747:, who argued that too many shells would be needed, it would be better to release a cloud of heavier-than-air poisonous gas; the first
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claimed that Nernst had stolen his idea, but Nernst is almost universally credited with the discovery. Nernst became friendly with
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fell markedly and would probably disappear at absolute zero. This fall was predicted for liquids and solids in a 1909 paper of
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perchlorate. Then he worked on the development of trench mortars. He was awarded the Iron Cross first class and later the
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1025:" (Ger., Theoretische Chemie vom Standpunkte der Avogadroschen Regel und der Thermodynamik). Stuttgart, F. Enke, 1893 .
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596:. To keep him in Prussia the government created a chair for him at Göttingen. There, he wrote a celebrated textbook
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Physical
Chemistry 2016,13th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Physical Chemistry
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1997:
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989:" (Ger., BegrĂŒndung der Theoretischen Chemie : Neun Abhandlungen, 1889â1921). Frankfurt am Main :
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to receive an honorary degree, also visiting his eldest daughter, her husband, and his three grandchildren.
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that he could inject into the carburetor. After eighteen productive years at Göttingen, investigating
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of specific heats at cryogenic temperatures. Nernst was so impressed that he traveled all the way to
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759:, he directed research on explosives, much of which was done in his laboratory where they developed
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and presenting a theory of how nerves conduct, he moved to Berlin, and was awarded the title of
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In 1920, he and his family briefly fled abroad because he was one of the scientists on the
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men. After Hitler came to power they emigrated, one to England and the other to Brazil.
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Although a press release described him as "completely unmusical", Nernst developed an
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Nernst had a severe heart attack in 1939. He died in 1941 at Zibelle, Germany (now
739:. When the stalemate in the trenches began, he returned home. He contacted Colonel
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Cathedrals of Science: The Personalities and Rivalries That Made Modern Chemistry
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chaos which his coworkers termed appropriately 'the state of maximum entropy'".
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1456:. Vol. II. The Society of Physical Chemists of Serbia. 2016. p. 880.
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600:, which was translated into English, French, and Russian. He also derived the
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to produce electronically modified and amplified sound in the same way as an
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510:
858:. In fact, he was a pianist, sometimes accompanying Einstein's violin.
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660:. He showed that as the temperature approached absolute zero, the
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1598:
The World of Walther Nernst: The Rise and Fall of German Science
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Einstein and the quantum : the quest of the valiant Swabian
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In 1905, he proposed his "New Heat Theorem", later known as the
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recruited him to the first department of physical chemistry at
1005:
The theoretical and experimental bases of the New Heat Theorem
931:
871:. He lived quietly in the country; in 1937 he traveled to the
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Hermann Walther Nernst, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920 :
731:
against their opponent's charges of barbarism by signing the
1649:
Walther Nernst and the Transition to Modern Physical Science
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Walther Nernst and the Transition to Modern Physical Science
1195:
Walther Nernst and the transition to modern physical science
987:
Reasoning of theoretical chemistry: Nine papers (1889â1921)
460:
He studied physics and mathematics at the universities of
1117:
Cherwell; Simon, F. (1942). "Walther Nernst. 1864-1941".
1673:
1253:
Cherwell, F. Simon (1942). "Walther Nernst, 1864â1941".
1235:
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list of war criminals. Later that year he received the
592:. Three years later, he was offered a professorship in
549:
was professor, though he worked under the direction of
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3256:
3237:
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2016:
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Walther Nernst. Pioneer of Physics and of Chemistry
755:second class. As a Staff Scientific Advisor in the
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152:
130:
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57:
34:
1505:"Nernstia mexicana (Zucc. & Mart. ex DC.) Urb"
1310:
1273:
914:With his colleagues at the University of Leipzig,
1573:Bartel, Hans-Georg; Huebener, Rudolf P. (2007).
1120:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society
541:, he returned to ZĂŒrich. He wrote his thesis at
417:; 25 June 1864 â 18 November 1941) was a German
3447:People associated with the University of Zurich
3482:Recipients of the Pour le MĂ©rite (civil class)
3477:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
1748:including the Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1921
1172:. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 39.
773:shouted him down for "incompetent nonsense."
3452:Academic staff of the University of Göttingen
3170:
1770:
1019:Theoretical chemistry from the standpoint of
8:
569:where he submitted and defended his thesis.
533:Nernst started undergraduate studies at the
1728:Cassius Klay Nascimento, JoĂŁo Pedro Braga.
3177:
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3155:
1777:
1763:
1755:
1743:
1720:
1702:
1639:"Nernst: architect of physical revolution"
1434:
1417:. Oxford University Press. pp. 56â59.
49:
31:
1558:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1197:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
930:, and two of his three daughters married
501:Nernst was born in Briesen, Germany (now
1710:Newspaper clippings about Walther Nernst
1426:
1424:
714:in Brussels. In the following year, the
615:, it is still important in the field of
380:
147:Julius Maximilian University of WĂŒrzburg
3397:Scientists from the Province of Prussia
1677:". Physicochemical institute, Göttingen
1596:Mendelssohn, Kurt Alfred Georg (1973).
1109:
783:The Foundations of the New Heat Theorem
1317:. Princeton University Press. p.
509:. Nernst went to elementary school at
453:. He is also known for developing the
814:Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt
404:
7:
3457:Foreign members of the Royal Society
3432:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
1660:". Presentation Speech by Professor
537:in 1883, then after an interlude in
246:Georg August University of Göttingen
1155:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920"
27:German physical chemist (1864â1941)
1750:Studies in Chemical Thermodynamics
1730:"Walther Nernst Lecture in Brazil"
25:
1666:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
850:. The piano used electromagnetic
680:, whom he persuaded to found the
3412:Inventors of musical instruments
2007:
1043:German inventors and discoverers
834:in 1930 in association with the
371:
1478:"W. Nernst (A. Einstein, 1942)"
1073:NernstâLewisâLatimer convention
818:Institute of Physical Chemistry
480:1887. In 1889, he finished his
1536:. Princeton University Press.
804:in recognition of his work on
1:
3437:University of WĂŒrzburg alumni
1700:Mathematics Genealogy Project
1554:Barkan, Diana Kormos (1998).
1255:Obit. Not. Fell. R. Soc. Lond
1053:Cosmological constant problem
733:Manifesto of the Ninety-Three
609:carbon electric filament lamp
3487:Recipients of Franklin Medal
3472:German people of World War I
3467:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
3422:20th-century German chemists
3417:19th-century German chemists
664:approaches zero â while the
449:, for which he won the 1920
445:helped pave the way for the
272:Other academic advisors
250:Friedrich Wilhelm University
139:Friedrich Wilhelm University
1714:20th Century Press Archives
1647:â Review of Diana Barkan's
1217:Bartel, Hans-Georg, (1999)
1170:The World of Walther Nernst
1058:Cosmic background radiation
916:Jacobus Henricus vanât Hoff
808:. He was elected Rector of
683:Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft
658:Third law of thermodynamics
447:third law of thermodynamics
324:Other notable students
157:Third Law of Thermodynamics
3503:
1413:Laidler, Keith J. (1993).
1309:Stone, A. Douglas (2013).
1083:Stochastic electrodynamics
1063:History of electrophoresis
785:. In 1918, after studying
781:Nernst published his book
352:Hermann Irving Schlesinger
3442:University of Graz alumni
3294:
3266:Charles Ădouard Guillaume
2005:
1532:Stone, A. Douglas (2013)
1403:Mendelssohn 1973, p. 139.
1394:Mendelssohn 1973, p. 138.
1236:"Walther Nernst Memorial"
976:and named in his honour.
862:Rejection of antisemitism
842:companies, replacing the
649:Nernst 1912, portrait by
441:. His formulation of the
370:
361:
302:Karl Friedrich Bonhoeffer
224:
185:Nernst's distribution law
48:
3402:German physical chemists
2931:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
2210:Wendell Meredith Stanley
1790:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1624:"Hermann Walther Nernst"
1534:Einstein and the Quantum
1494:Mendelssohn 1973, p. 70.
1272:Coffey, Patrick (2008).
1223:Neue Deutsche Biographie
1168:Mendelssohn, K. (1973).
1068:NernstâEinstein equation
907:Personal life and family
869:Kaiser Wilhelm Institute
802:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
672:from heat measurements.
476:, where he received his
451:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
208:Nobel Prize in chemistry
1385:Mendelssohn 1973, p. 92
1353:Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond
1282:Oxford University Press
590:University of Göttingen
551:Albert von Ettinghausen
529:Walther Nernst in 1889.
406:[ËvaltÉËnÉÊnst]
3462:German Nobel laureates
3300:Nobel Prize recipients
3277:Physiology or Medicine
3095:Emmanuelle Charpentier
3083:M. Stanley Whittingham
2054:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
1415:To Light such a Candle
1365:10.1098/rsnr.2004.0053
1193:Barkan, Diana (1999).
1133:10.1098/rsbm.1942.0010
848:vacuum tube amplifiers
722:painted his portrait.
653:
588:and then moved to the
563:University of WĂŒrzburg
553:. They discovered the
530:
425:known for his work in
393:Walther Hermann Nernst
389:
181:NernstâPlanck equation
3427:Rare earth scientists
3392:People from WÄ
brzeĆșno
2465:Christian B. Anfinsen
2105:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
1600:. London: Macmillan.
648:
617:infrared spectroscopy
598:Theoretical Chemistry
586:Heidelberg University
528:
486:University of Leipzig
402:German pronunciation:
384:
314:Margaret Eliza Maltby
3127:Karl Barry Sharpless
2624:Dudley R. Herschbach
2449:Luis Federico Leloir
991:Verlag Harri Deutsch
969:from Mexico, in the
873:University of Oxford
832:Neo-Bechstein-FlĂŒgel
757:Imperial German Army
710:organized the first
706:In 1911, Nernst and
567:Friedrich Kohlrausch
535:University of ZĂŒrich
386:The New Heat Theorem
266:Friedrich Kohlrausch
135:University of Zurich
3119:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
3031:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
2768:Jens Christian Skou
2736:F. Sherwood Rowland
2648:Charles J. Pedersen
2612:Herbert A. Hauptman
2305:Vincent du Vigneaud
1922:Richard WillstÀtter
1806:Jacobus van 't Hoff
1664:, President of the
1341:Stone 2013, p. 165.
1088:Threshold potential
737:battle of the Marne
573:Professional career
443:Nernst heat theorem
439:solid-state physics
306:Frederick Lindemann
173:Nernst heat theorem
3079:John B. Goodenough
3007:William E. Moerner
2887:Richard R. Schrock
2859:Roderick MacKinnon
2831:K. Barry Sharpless
2656:Johann Deisenhofer
2485:Geoffrey Wilkinson
2481:Ernst Otto Fischer
2405:Robert S. Mulliken
2341:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂœ
2289:Hermann Staudinger
2109:IrĂšne Joliot-Curie
1742:on Nobelprize.org
1671:Schmitt, Ulrich, "
1657:Prize Presentation
1433:on Nobelprize.org
1078:Solid state ionics
1023:and thermodynamics
951:In 1923, botanist
777:Return to research
670:chemical reactions
654:
582:Leipzig University
543:University of Graz
531:
431:physical chemistry
390:
254:Leipzig University
143:University of Graz
3407:Thermodynamicists
3364:
3363:
3152:
3151:
3135:Moungi G. Bawendi
3055:Richard Henderson
2899:Roger D. Kornberg
2867:Aaron Ciechanover
2700:Rudolph A. Marcus
2604:Robert Merrifield
2540:Peter D. Mitchell
2313:Cyril Hinshelwood
2074:Friedrich Bergius
1998:Richard Zsigmondy
1914:Theodore Richards
1862:Ernest Rutherford
1645:. September 1999.
1607:978-0-333-14895-2
1588:978-981-256-560-0
1565:978-0-521-44456-9
1463:978-86-82475-33-0
1295:978-0-19-532134-0
1219:"Nernst, Walther"
1204:978-0-521-44456-9
1179:978-0-8229-1109-8
1098:Zero-point energy
1017:Walther Nernst, "
1003:Walther Nernst, "
985:Walther Nernst, "
810:Berlin University
712:Solvay Conference
696:quantum mechanics
674:Theodore Richards
379:
378:
336:Robert von Lieben
286:Sir Francis Simon
282:Doctoral students
226:Scientific career
104:Gau Lower Silesia
16:(Redirected from
3494:
3302:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3156:
3145:
3143:Alexei I. Ekimov
3129:
3123:Morten P. Meldal
3113:
3101:
3089:
3073:
3057:
3047:Jacques Dubochet
3041:
3025:
3009:
2993:
2977:
2971:Robert Lefkowitz
2965:
2957:
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2935:Thomas A. Steitz
2925:
2909:
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2893:
2883:Robert H. Grubbs
2877:
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2804:Hideki Shirakawa
2790:
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2770:
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2692:Richard R. Ernst
2686:
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2598:
2590:
2582:
2570:
2568:Frederick Sanger
2554:
2548:Herbert C. Brown
2542:
2534:
2526:
2524:William Lipscomb
2507:
2495:
2487:
2475:
2459:
2457:Gerhard Herzberg
2451:
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2431:
2423:
2407:
2399:
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2333:Frederick Sanger
2327:
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2317:Nikolay Semyonov
2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2271:
2269:Glenn T. Seaborg
2248:
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2220:
2212:
2196:
2194:Artturi Virtanen
2188:
2180:
2178:George de Hevesy
2172:
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2165:
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2158:
2157:
2151:
2139:
2131:
2119:
2111:
2099:
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2090:
2084:
2076:
2064:
2056:
2044:
2036:
2034:Heinrich Wieland
2028:
2026:Theodor Svedberg
2011:
2010:
2000:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1961:
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1838:Adolf von Baeyer
1832:
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1822:Svante Arrhenius
1816:
1808:
1779:
1772:
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1756:
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1736:
1734:
1724:
1706:
1692:
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1682:"Walther Nernst"
1646:
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1579:World Scientific
1569:
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1114:
967:flowering plants
920:Svante Arrhenius
771:Erich Ludendorff
634:electrochemistry
630:osmotic pressure
547:Ludwig Boltzmann
435:electrochemistry
423:physical chemist
416:
415:
414:
408:
403:
399:
375:
340:Kurt Mendelssohn
328:Gilbert N. Lewis
298:Leonid Andrussow
276:Ludwig Boltzmann
261:Doctoral advisor
177:Nernst potential
99:
97:
94:18 November 1941
67:
65:
53:
43:
32:
21:
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3104:
3099:Jennifer Doudna
3092:
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3044:
3035:Fraser Stoddart
3028:
3019:Paul L. Modrich
3012:
2996:
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2955:Ei-ichi Negishi
2947:Richard F. Heck
2944:
2928:
2915:Osamu Shimomura
2912:
2904:
2896:
2880:
2864:
2852:
2836:
2823:William Knowles
2820:
2809:
2800:Alan MacDiarmid
2793:
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2752:Richard Smalley
2741:
2728:Paul J. Crutzen
2725:
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2705:
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2653:
2644:Jean-Marie Lehn
2637:
2621:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
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2545:
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2510:
2505:Vladimir Prelog
2498:
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2478:
2462:
2454:
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2402:
2397:Robert Woodward
2394:
2389:Dorothy Hodgkin
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2322:
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2239:
2234:William Giauque
2231:
2223:
2218:Robert Robinson
2215:
2202:James B. Sumner
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2149:Leopold RuĆŸiÄka
2145:Adolf Butenandt
2142:
2134:
2122:
2114:
2102:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2082:Irving Langmuir
2079:
2067:
2059:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1967:Frederick Soddy
1964:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1894:Victor Grignard
1891:
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1870:Wilhelm Ostwald
1867:
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1622:Katz, Eugenii.
1621:
1618:
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1572:
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1553:
1550:
1548:Further reading
1529:
1524:
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1498:
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1252:
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1247:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1221:, pp. 66â68 in
1216:
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1205:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1039:
982:
949:
940:
909:
881:
864:
856:electric guitar
806:thermochemistry
791:nuclear fission
779:
728:
692:Albert Einstein
602:Nernst equation
578:Wilhelm Ostwald
575:
523:
513:, Germany (now
499:
494:
492:Life and career
455:Nernst equation
411:
410:
409:
401:
395:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
294:Irving Langmuir
292:
288:
252:
248:
216:
211:
206:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
165:Nernst equation
163:
159:
145:
141:
137:
131:Alma mater
116:
110:
100:
95:
93:
85:
75:
69:
63:
61:
44:
39:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3500:
3498:
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3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3377:Walther Nernst
3369:
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3333:
3328:
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3262:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3247:LĂ©on Bourgeois
3243:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3224:
3222:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3204:Walther Nernst
3200:
3198:
3192:
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3184:
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3181:
3174:
3167:
3159:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3130:
3114:
3102:
3090:
3074:
3067:Gregory Winter
3063:Frances Arnold
3058:
3042:
3026:
3010:
2994:
2987:Michael Levitt
2983:Martin Karplus
2978:
2966:
2958:
2942:
2926:
2923:Roger Y. Tsien
2919:Martin Chalfie
2910:
2902:
2894:
2878:
2862:
2850:
2834:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2796:Alan J. Heeger
2791:
2783:
2771:
2764:John E. Walker
2755:
2739:
2723:
2715:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2667:
2664:Hartmut Michel
2651:
2640:Donald J. Cram
2635:
2619:
2607:
2599:
2591:
2583:
2580:Roald Hoffmann
2571:
2564:Walter Gilbert
2555:
2543:
2535:
2532:Ilya Prigogine
2527:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2501:John Cornforth
2496:
2488:
2476:
2469:Stanford Moore
2460:
2452:
2444:
2432:
2424:
2417:Ronald Norrish
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2372:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2325:Alexander Todd
2320:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2272:
2265:Edwin McMillan
2259:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2237:
2229:
2221:
2213:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2140:
2132:
2125:Norman Haworth
2120:
2112:
2100:
2092:
2085:
2077:
2065:
2057:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1959:Walther Nernst
1954:
1947:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1854:Eduard Buchner
1849:
1841:
1833:
1830:William Ramsay
1825:
1817:
1809:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1740:Walther Nernst
1737:
1725:
1707:
1696:Walther Nernst
1693:
1678:
1674:Walther Nernst
1669:
1662:Gerard De Geer
1651:
1635:
1617:
1616:External links
1614:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1593:
1587:
1570:
1564:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1509:The Plant List
1496:
1487:
1469:
1462:
1440:
1431:Walther Nernst
1420:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1378:
1359:(2): 149â160.
1343:
1334:
1327:
1301:
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1080:
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1055:
1050:
1048:Chain reaction
1045:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1021:Avogadro's law
1015:
1001:
981:
978:
948:
945:
939:
936:
908:
905:
880:
877:
863:
860:
844:sounding board
828:electric piano
787:photochemistry
778:
775:
766:Pour le MĂ©rite
727:
724:
720:Max Liebermann
688:specific heats
678:Kaiser Wilhelm
651:Max Liebermann
574:
571:
559:Nernst effects
522:
519:
498:
495:
493:
490:
427:thermodynamics
377:
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368:
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362:
359:
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332:Max Bodenstein
325:
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213:Franklin Medal
203:Pour le MĂ©rite
200:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
154:
153:Known for
150:
149:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
101:
98:(aged 77)
91:
87:
86:
70:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
38:
36:Walther Nernst
35:
26:
24:
18:Hermann Nernst
14:
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10:
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3:
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3268:(Switzerland)
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3157:
3144:
3140:
3139:Louis E. Brus
3136:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3115:
3112:
3111:Benjamin List
3108:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3088:
3087:Akira Yoshino
3084:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3051:Joachim Frank
3048:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3015:Tomas Lindahl
3011:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2995:
2992:
2991:Arieh Warshel
2988:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2975:Brian Kobilka
2972:
2967:
2964:
2963:Dan Shechtman
2959:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2939:Ada E. Yonath
2936:
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2911:
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2900:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2871:Avram Hershko
2868:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2848:
2847:Kurt WĂŒthrich
2844:
2843:Koichi Tanaka
2840:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2792:
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2777:
2772:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2760:Paul D. Boyer
2756:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2712:Michael Smith
2709:
2704:
2701:
2696:
2693:
2688:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2672:Sidney Altman
2668:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2613:
2608:
2605:
2600:
2597:
2592:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2576:Kenichi Fukui
2572:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2553:
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2528:
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2473:William Stein
2470:
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2433:
2430:
2425:
2422:
2421:George Porter
2418:
2414:
2413:Manfred Eigen
2409:
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2401:
2398:
2393:
2390:
2385:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2358:
2357:Melvin Calvin
2353:
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2349:Willard Libby
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2329:
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2321:
2318:
2314:
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2306:
2301:
2298:
2297:Linus Pauling
2293:
2290:
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2281:Richard Synge
2278:
2277:Archer Martin
2273:
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2238:
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2226:Arne Tiselius
2222:
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2206:John Northrop
2203:
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2055:
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2050:Arthur Harden
2046:
2043:
2042:Adolf Windaus
2038:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2015:
1999:
1994:
1987:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1975:Francis Aston
1971:
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1963:
1960:
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1940:
1933:
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1918:
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1910:
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1906:Alfred Werner
1902:
1899:
1898:Paul Sabatier
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1887:
1882:
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1846:Henri Moissan
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2827:Ryoji Noyori
2814:2001âpresent
2788:Ahmed Zewail
2748:Harold Kroto
2732:Mario Molina
2660:Robert Huber
2632:John Polanyi
2616:Jerome Karle
2552:Georg Wittig
2437:Derek Barton
2429:Lars Onsager
2381:Giulio Natta
2377:Karl Ziegler
2369:John Kendrew
2137:Richard Kuhn
2062:Hans Fischer
1958:
1878:Otto Wallach
1814:Emil Fischer
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108:Nazi Germany
96:(1941-11-18)
68:25 June 1864
29:
3387:1941 deaths
3382:1864 births
3228:Knut Hamsun
3187:Nobel Prize
3039:Ben Feringa
3023:Aziz Sancar
3003:Stefan Hell
2999:Eric Betzig
2776:Walter Kohn
2744:Robert Curl
2720:George Olah
2708:Kary Mullis
2684:Elias Corey
2676:Thomas Cech
2628:Yuan T. Lee
2596:Henry Taube
2129:Paul Karrer
2117:Peter Debye
2097:Harold Urey
1983:Fritz Pregl
1944:Fritz Haber
1886:Marie Curie
1689:nobelmirror
1284:. pp.
1261:(11): 1022.
1127:(11): 101.
1093:Tired light
993:, c. 2003.
938:Personality
903:, Germany.
820:at Berlin.
745:Fritz Haber
726:World War I
666:free energy
517:, Poland).
497:Early years
161:Nernst lamp
121:Nationality
3371:Categories
3215:Literature
2875:Irwin Rose
2855:Peter Agre
2780:John Pople
2588:Aaron Klug
2493:Paul Flory
2441:Odd Hassel
2365:Max Perutz
2246:Kurt Alder
2242:Otto Diels
2070:Carl Bosch
1629:5 December
1280:. Oxford:
1104:References
955:published
889:Max Planck
753:Iron Cross
708:Max Planck
694:'s on the
64:1864-06-25
3287:(Denmark)
3206:(Germany)
3196:Chemistry
3189:laureates
2560:Paul Berg
2515:1976â2000
2256:1951â1975
2186:Otto Hahn
2017:1926â1950
1797:1901â1925
1786:Laureates
1482:nernst.de
1373:145243958
1225:, Vol. 19
1141:123003922
974:Rubiaceae
901:Göttingen
893:Otto Hahn
836:Bechstein
761:guanidine
741:Max Bauer
639:Geheimrat
515:GrudziÄ
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503:WÄ
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478:doctorate
457:in 1887.
419:physicist
366:Signature
348:Emil Bose
236:Chemistry
115:, Poland)
102:Zibelle,
78:WÄ
brzeĆșno
71:Briesen,
3249:(France)
3230:(Norway)
1514:25 March
1037:See also
1031:po28-417
958:Nernstia
749:chlorine
718:painter
545:, where
511:Graudenz
474:WĂŒrzburg
397:ForMemRS
218:ForMemRS
3258:Physics
1788:of the
1716:of the
1712:in the
1698:at the
1013:27-2575
947:Honours
926:and of
852:pickups
840:Siemens
662:entropy
521:Studies
507:cholera
215:(1928)
205:(1917)
73:Prussia
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3117:2022:
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3077:2019:
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830:, the
798:Allied
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594:Munich
565:under
539:Berlin
466:Berlin
462:ZĂŒrich
437:, and
388:(1926)
232:Fields
220:(1932)
210:(1920)
199:Awards
191:Spouse
125:German
113:Niwica
82:Poland
3331:1920
3239:Peace
3185:1920
1733:(PDF)
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1454:(PDF)
1369:S2CID
1288:â81.
1137:S2CID
963:genus
879:Death
846:with
111:(now
76:(now
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1990:1924
1951:1919
1936:1917
1929:1916
1631:2008
1602:ISBN
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1560:ISBN
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1323:ISBN
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1009:LCCN
995:ISBN
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838:and
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607:The
557:and
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470:Graz
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90:Died
58:Born
1718:ZBW
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