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Herman Snellen

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145: 42: 263:, specially designed characters generated on a 5x5 grid, rather than using standard fonts. They provide a physical standard measure that could be used when printing the chart. Standard vision was measured as the ability to correctly read a line of optotype characters when they subtended 5 minutes of 287: 251:
The first edition of Snellen's book was in German. Over more than two deades, he published at least seven more editions of his book. The eighth edition contains charts in English, Italian, French, German, and
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Since its inception, more copies of the Snellen Chart have been sold in the United States than any other poster. It remained a ubiquitous standard in medical offices into the 21st century.
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He was named to succeed Donders as the institute's director in 1884, a position he served until 1903. In 1877, he was appointed as a professor of ophthalmology at
467: 396: 212:. He specialized in ophthalmology and worked as an assistant physician at the Netherlands Hospital for Eye Patients after he had completed his degree. 442: 462: 437: 180:(1862). He took over directorship of the Netherlands Hospital for Eye Patients (Nederlandsch Gasthuis voor Ooglijders), after 205: 185: 376: 245: 393: 457: 201: 452: 447: 236:
as well as research on correction of visual acuity using eyeglasses and ophthalmological surgery.
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Probebuchstaben zur Bestimmung der Sehschärfe [Test letters for measuring visual acuity
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Optotypi ad visum determinandum secundum formulam = d/D. Ed. 8, metrico systemate
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and others, in 1862 Snellen developed his eye chart to measure visual acuity.
144: 41: 260: 229: 253: 84: 383:, Macular Degeneration Support, October 2003. Accessed July 6, 2010. 259:
The most significant innovation was Snellen's use of what he called
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Although alternative versions had been developed before him, by
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a calligraphic hand of the Latin script of German
130: 120: 103: 95: 73: 48: 32: 184:. He was elected an International Member of the 256:. Snellen's charts became the global standard. 473:Members of the American Philosophical Society 8: 208:. He earned his medical degree in 1858 from 354:(8 ed.). London: Williams and Norgate 40: 29: 394:"Eye Chart Still The Standard For Vision" 409:, August 9, 1995. Accessed July 6, 2010. 313:, Whonamedit.com. Accessed July 6, 2010. 279: 267:and were separated by 1 minute of arc. 163: 134:Netherlands Hospital for Eye Patients 7: 468:Academic staff of Utrecht University 196:Herman Snellen studied medicine at 25: 27:Dutch ophthalmologist (1834–1908) 374:"How Visual Acuity Is Measured" 329:. Utrecht: P. W. Van De Weijer 206:Jacobus Schroeder van der Kolk 186:American Philosophical Society 1: 443:19th-century Dutch inventors 165:[ˈɦɛr.mɑnˈsnɛ.lə(n)] 489: 463:Utrecht University alumni 246:Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal 152:to estimate visual acuity 138: 113: 39: 348:Snellen, Herman (1885). 323:Snellen, Herman (1862). 202:Gerardus Johannes Mulder 438:Dutch ophthalmologists 153: 372:Watt, Wendy Strouse. 224:. He did research on 147: 292:search.amphilsoc.org 288:"APS Member History" 161:Dutch pronunciation: 172:who introduced the 399:2012-09-29 at the 379:2020-06-19 at the 222:Utrecht University 198:Utrecht University 182:Franciscus Donders 154: 458:People from Zeist 406:The Seattle Times 210:Leiden University 142: 141: 115:Scientific career 16:(Redirected from 480: 410: 390: 384: 370: 364: 363: 361: 359: 345: 339: 338: 336: 334: 320: 314: 308: 302: 301: 299: 298: 284: 167: 162: 80: 59:19 February 1834 58: 56: 44: 30: 21: 488: 487: 483: 482: 481: 479: 478: 477: 428: 427: 419: 414: 413: 401:Wayback Machine 392:Bordsen, John. 391: 387: 381:Wayback Machine 371: 367: 357: 355: 347: 346: 342: 332: 330: 322: 321: 317: 309: 305: 296: 294: 286: 285: 281: 276: 242: 218: 200:under Donders, 194: 170:ophthalmologist 160: 91: 82: 78: 77:18 January 1908 69: 60: 54: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:Hermann Snellen 15: 12: 11: 5: 486: 484: 476: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 430: 429: 426: 425: 418: 417:External links 415: 412: 411: 385: 365: 340: 315: 311:Herman Snellen 303: 278: 277: 275: 272: 241: 238: 217: 214: 193: 190: 157:Herman Snellen 140: 139: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 111: 110: 105: 104:Known for 101: 100: 97: 93: 92: 83: 81:(aged 73) 75: 71: 70: 61: 50: 46: 45: 37: 36: 34:Herman Snellen 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 485: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 435: 433: 424: 421: 420: 416: 408: 407: 402: 398: 395: 389: 386: 382: 378: 375: 369: 366: 353: 352: 344: 341: 328: 327: 319: 316: 312: 307: 304: 293: 289: 283: 280: 273: 271: 268: 266: 262: 257: 255: 249: 247: 239: 237: 235: 231: 227: 223: 215: 213: 211: 207: 203: 199: 191: 189: 187: 183: 179: 178:visual acuity 175: 174:Snellen chart 171: 166: 158: 151: 150:Snellen chart 146: 137: 133: 129: 126: 125:ophthalmology 123: 119: 116: 112: 109: 108:Snellen chart 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 76: 72: 68: 64: 51: 47: 43: 38: 31: 19: 404: 388: 368: 358:12 September 356:. Retrieved 350: 343: 333:12 September 331:. Retrieved 325: 318: 306: 295:. Retrieved 291: 282: 269: 258: 250: 243: 234:eye diseases 219: 195: 156: 155: 131:Institutions 114: 79:(1908-01-18) 453:1908 deaths 448:1834 births 226:astigmatism 96:Nationality 89:Netherlands 67:Netherlands 432:Categories 297:2024-03-28 274:References 232:and other 192:Early life 55:1834-02-19 423:Biography 261:optotypes 188:in 1894. 176:to study 397:Archived 377:Archived 230:glaucoma 216:Director 148:Typical 85:Utrecht 121:Fields 240:Chart 99:Dutch 63:Zeist 360:2023 335:2023 204:and 74:Died 49:Born 265:arc 434:: 403:, 290:. 228:, 87:, 65:, 362:. 337:. 300:. 159:( 57:) 53:( 20:)

Index

Hermann Snellen

Zeist
Netherlands
Utrecht
Netherlands
Snellen chart
ophthalmology

Snellen chart
[ˈɦɛr.mɑnˈsnɛ.lə(n)]
ophthalmologist
Snellen chart
visual acuity
Franciscus Donders
American Philosophical Society
Utrecht University
Gerardus Johannes Mulder
Jacobus Schroeder van der Kolk
Leiden University
Utrecht University
astigmatism
glaucoma
eye diseases
Eduard Jäger von Jaxtthal
a calligraphic hand of the Latin script of German
optotypes
arc
"APS Member History"
Herman Snellen

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